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The potential of combining stratified paper forming with pulp fractionation was investigated to improve the balance between low density, which enhances water absorbency and softness, and the dry strength of tissue papers. The selected fractionation approaches allowed us to separate especially stiff, low-fibrillated fibers (A fractions) from flexible, fibrillated fibers containing fines (detached segments of fibers, fibrils, or lamellae fragments) (B fractions). After characterizing the morphological properties of each fiber fraction, 20 g/m2 model papers were produced with and without wet pressing to tune the paper density. At a density of 0.3 g/cm³, the tensile breaking stress of B papers was at least three times higher than that of A papers. The strain at break of B papers was also close to two times higher than that of A papers. Interestingly, bilayer papers A/B exhibited breaking stress values intermediate between those of A and B papers, while native pulp papers, i.e., without fractionation and stratified forming, followed the trend of A papers. Notably, bi-layering the paper improved the breaking stress by up to twice as much without increasing the paper density, which could be highly beneficial in improving the balance of properties in tissue paper grades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Traditional embossing processes applied to papers generate significant amounts of heat, leading to the degradation and decreased efficiency of the rubber cylinder, a critical component of the machine, over time. This study investigates a novel internal cooling system designed to address this issue and extend the lifespan of the rubber cylinder. Experiments were conducted using tap water and ethylene glycol aqueous solution as coolants at a machine speed of 350 m/min and a specified pattern density. The results suggests that the non-cooled cylinder started to deteriorate at a surface temperature of approximately 46 °C. However, with the implemented cooling system, the surface temperature was effectively maintained at 4-5 °C below this threshold, significantly extending the operational life of the rubber cylinder. Therefore, this study emphasizes the effectiveness of internal cooling in mitigating heat-induced damage and extending the lifespan of embossing cylinders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Impinging air jets can be used to dewater, heat, and dry the web of tissue paper. High velocities of the air jets degrade the paper, and appropriate adjustments to the jet velocity and the distance of the nozzle from the surface of the wet web are crucial to obtain the highest quality product. This work investigated the correlation between the velocity of the air jet and the strength of paper subjected to the impingement method. Papers with an initial moisture content of 20% and various pulp mixes were tested, and the physical properties of papers were explored. After impinging an air jet, different tensile strength limits were obtained in the machine and cross directions. The paper had lower apparent density and higher roughness compared to classical pressing. The dependence of tensile strength and roughness on the fibers composition also was determined. Increasing the amount of eucalyptus fibers in impingement dewatered paper resulted in a decrease in its tensile strength and roughness. The value of elongation before breaking was the highest for softwood papers after the impingement method. The maximum velocity of an air jet that can be used to dewater or dry paper without the risk of damage to the papers was determined.

Impinging air jets can be used to dewater, heat, and dry the web of tissue paper. High velocities of the air jets degrade the paper, and appropriate adjustments to the jet velocity and the distance of the nozzle from the surface of the wet web are crucial to obtain the highest quality product. This work investigated the correlation between the velocity of the air jet and the strength of paper subjected to the impingement method. Papers with an initial moisture content of 20% and various pulp mixes were tested, and the physical properties of papers were explored. After impinging an air jet, different tensile strength limits were obtained in the machine and cross directions. The paper had lower apparent density and higher roughness compared to classical pressing. The dependence of tensile strength and roughness on the fibers composition also was determined. Increasing the amount of eucalyptus fibers in impingement dewatered paper resulted in a decrease in its tensile strength and roughness. The value of elongation before breaking was the highest for softwood papers after the impingement method. The maximum velocity of an air jet that can be used to dewater or dry paper without the risk of damage to the papers was determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To manage their increasingly ambitious environmental agendas successfully, companies need better and more versatile data, yet the elements and mechanisms through which businesses and the environment benefit from data remain poorly understood. A single‐case‐study setting was designed for examining the perceived value of data for environmental sustainability as seen by the customers of a tissue‐paper supplier. The findings, from material collected during interviews with customers in 2022, showcase the multifaceted nature of data's value for business operations and associated ability to support decisions and activities that encourage environment‐informed choices and environmental improvements. Also, fully exploiting data's potential for environmental sustainability requires greater volume and detail of product‐specific data, transparency of value chains and environmental impacts, and data's better management and sharing. The emerging insight related to the value of data strengthens understanding of how companies could, with data, support their customers' environmental performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present investigation entitled "Studies on shelf life of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under different organic packaging materials" was conducted at the Research lab, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.). Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is an important and indigenous vegetable crop of India. Brinjal or eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae is one of the most common popular and principle vegetable crops grown in India and other parts of the world. Brinjals or eggplants are rich sources of vitamins, minerals and antioxidant capacity. Eggplant is also a natural source of vitamin A; thus, it plays an important role for vision and eye health. Lack of appropriate postharvest storage management practices are reported to cause up to 50% of yield losses of vegetable crops between harvesting and consumption. Packaging is a co-ordinated system of preparing goods for transport, and good for shelf life, distribution, storage, retailing and end use. The experiment was laid out in the Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Each replication was comprised of ten treatment consisting of different packing material viz., news paper, tissue paper, paddy straw, gunny bag, butter paper, banana leaf, CFB, craft paper and caster leaf were used for induced the shelf life of brinjal. Result concluded that the different packing materials viz., newspaper, tissue paper, paddy straw, gunny bag, butter paper, banana leaf, CFB (10 x 10 cm²), craft paper and caster leaf were significantly influenced the shelf life of brinjal. The treatment T3 (Paddy straw) was found the best packing material treatment among all packing material treatments for enhancing shelf life of brinjal and it gave the maximum physical parameters. However, the minimum physical parameters were recorded in treatment T0 (Control). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common tissue paper manufacturing trends aim at partial or total replacement of softwood pulp with hardwood pulp for its production, such as bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp (BEKP), in order to optimize the process and the final product properties such as softness. However, the use of a single type of hardwood fiber results in lower strengths of both wet and dry webs. To maintain necessary strength and desired properties, the incorporation of several additives is often required. In this context, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) and different wet strength resins, such as polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) and glyoxalated polyacrylamide (GPAM) resins, were combined to achieve an innovated product with improved properties. In particular, wet and dry tensile strength was significantly improved when combining PEG and wet strength resins, especially observed in tissue papers prepared with PAE resin, high-charge cationic agent and bulk applied aqueous PEG solution. Noteworthy that water absorption capacity and softness of tissue paper were not critically affected by PEG incorporation, regardless of application method used (in bulk or by spray). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality attributes of tissue products establish important differentials in the current scenario of fierce competition. Although the formation of the tissue paper is not monitored in industrial processes, it is imperative to recognize its importance for developing quality properties. A theoretical analysis of influences of the fiber morphology and furnish composition on the prediction of mass distribution uniformity in the paper forming process is presented. The theory utilizes the Poisson distribution for the grammage probability of points on the sheet, taken as a random fibrous network. The simulations revealed that lower grammage coefficients of variation could be achieved with total or predominant addition of eucalyptus fibers in mixtures with Pinusfibers. The results provide meaningful insights into the understanding of how the selection of fiber type and pulp blend could help in achieving suitable structural uniformity of the sheet, in the forming process, in view of the expected paper quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of active alkali charge, in kraft cooking of Eucalyptus globulus wood, on the properties of the laboratory-produced tissue paper. Eucalyptus wood chips were cooked under similar conditions at four different active alkali (AA) levels of 16, 19, 21, and 23 % and DEDED sequence was used for subsequent ECF bleaching. Pulps were analyzed for their intrinsic viscosity, chemical composition, and fiber morphology, while the corresponding papers (20 g/m2) were examined for their strength properties, absorptivity, and softness. It was demonstrated that changes in the AA upon cooking, not only affected the chemical composition of the obtained pulps and their intrinsic viscosity, but also the fiber's shape (e.g., curl and kink). These changes caused variations in the properties of laboratory-produced tissue papers. Thus, the increase in AA led to paper with lower tensile strength, but with better softness. Even though the increase of AA in cooking led to bulkier papers, their absorptivity was not significantly enhanced. This was explained, at least in part, by the lower water retention of the pulps obtained from cooking with higher AA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work was based on analysis of the flow regime of fibre suspensions, that corresponds to furnishes and process conditions typically established for tissue paper manufacturing, i.e., under the common range of stock consistencies at the machine headbox and most usual furnish compositions. The flocculation potential of fibre suspensions used for toilet papers, facial tissues, paper towels and table napkins were evaluated on the principles of analytical concepts for fibre agglomeration propensity. The results show crowding numbers from 5.0 to 69.0, depending on the type of fibre or fibre blending ratios. The findings regarding agglomeration factors indicate that flow regimes are mainly in semi-concentrated and around gel state zones but reached the concentrated flow regime, in extreme conditions of fibre morphology and stock consistency. The influence of hardwood and softwood mixture ratios on the fibre suspension features is shown and discussed for common formulations of tissue base paper. The effect of fibre length and coarseness on the flocculation potential and the impacts of fibre suspension flow regimes on the structural properties of tissue paper, such as the formation uniformity are discussed, demonstrating the reasons for the preferred use of high hardwood content in furnish balance for tissue paper manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper has been used in the field of hygiene for centuries. Tissue papers have low grammage, creped or non-creped surface, and consisting of one or more layers from virgin papers. Toilet paper, which has an important area of use, comes at the beginning of the tissue papers divided into various product groups. Its use has increased even more with the effect of the coronavirus pandemic. Increasing use of toilet paper causes clogging in sewers as solid waste. Because an important and large part of the sewage is composed of cellulosic structures. Therefore, the disintegration of toilet paper is an important issue. The main properties of toilet paper are characterized by grammage, thickness, polymerization degree, softness and wet tensile strength. This study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the degree of polymerization, thickness, grammage, softness and wet tension strength of toilet papers, which accumulate in the sewer pipes and cause clogging, and their disintegration in tap water and pure water at environment of different pH levels. A great level and positive linear relationship was found between grammage and in disintegration pH9. It was determined a low level and positive relationship with wet tensile strength in disintegration tap water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tissue paper is deep-rooted in our daily life because of its different types of products that allow various applications. Tissue paper is a low grammage paper that is mainly characterized by softness, tensile strength, liquid absorption, and elasticity. These characteristics are essential when producing products such as toilet paper, kitchen rolls, hand towels, napkins, and facials. The tissue paper production involves two stages: formation of the tissue paper sheet itself and its converting into different finished products. Converting is characterized by several operations, namely: unwinding, winding, embossing, lamination, perforation, cutting, packaging, and palletizing. The most impacting operation is the embossing, which consists of marking a pattern on the paper sheet by applying pressure, with the intent to produce papers more aesthetically pleasing to the final consumer and/or a way to identify a particular brand. Also, it affects final properties, increasing the liquid absorption capacity and bulk but reducing softness and tensile strength. Converting is complex and has a huge impact on the finished products properties. In this review, the authors explored the different steps of converting and how they impact the different properties of finished tissue products.

We describe a wet creping approach, applicable not only for softwood kraft papers in the grammage range of 30–120 g/m2 but also for 300 g/m2 CTMP board. Creping of board requires a certain level of deformability in the material, which is controlled by its solids content. The concept was tested at laboratory scale using a device on which temperature, blade angle and line load could be adjusted. The sample density was decreased by creping due to small-scale delamination of the structure, leading to separate inner layers with a wavy appearance. The strain at break was remarkably increased and agreed well with the theoretical estimate based on the crepe ratio and the breaking strain of the uncreped sample. Simultaneously, tensile strength was reduced by creping. In terms of tensile strength and stretch, 60–70 % solids content during creping was optimal for the tested board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tissue paper is deep-rooted in our daily life because of its different types of products that allow various applications. Tissue paper is a low grammage paper that is mainly characterized by softness, tensile strength, liquid absorption, and elasticity. These characteristics are essential when producing products such as toilet paper, kitchen rolls, hand towels, napkins, and facials. The tissue paper production involves two stages: formation of the tissue paper sheet itself and its converting into different finished products. Converting is characterized by several operations, namely: unwinding, winding, embossing, lamination, perforation, cutting, packaging, and palletizing. The most impacting operation is the embossing, which consists of marking a pattern on the paper sheet by applying pressure, with the intent to produce papers more aesthetically pleasing to the final consumer and/or a way to identify a particular brand. Also, it affects final properties, increasing the liquid absorption capacity and bulk but reducing softness and tensile strength. Converting is complex and has a huge impact on the finished products properties. In this review, the authors explored the different steps of converting and how they impact the different properties of finished tissue products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonwoven-based separators have unique advantages in meeting the demand of high power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, conventional coating layer is usually found to give separator poor cyclic stability due to electrolyte plasticizing. Therefore, double-crosslinked coating layer was attempted to fabricate on substrate through sequencial reactions between diglycidyl ether terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSDGE), poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and branched polyethyleneimine (PEI). Due to low cost, convenient acess, good hydrophilicity and prominent thermal stability, tissue paper was choosen as a substrate. This designed double-crosslinked composite separator (DN@CS) was observered to have unique advantages in terms of porosity, electrolyte uptake and wettability, ionic conductivity as well as transference number, which finally endowed battery with excellent discharge performance especilly at higher C-rate. As a result of mutual entanglement between two networks, the double-crosslinked separator possessed stronger skeleten, thus giving superior mechanical properties retention (95.05%) after electrolyte infiltration and higher discharge capacity retention (86.89%) even experienced 200 cycles. Moreover, the affinity between branched PEI and Li+ has been discovered to enable uniform Li deposition through electrokinetic effects. Clearly, this designed double-crosslinked network will bring new breakthrough for separator during the development of higher power LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stimulus-responsive hydrogels are an important member of smart materials owing to their reversibility, soft/wet properties, and biocompatibility, which have a wide range of applications in the field of intelligent actuations. However, poor mechanical property and complicated fabrication process limit their further applications. Herein, we report a light-responsive tissue paper/hydrogel composite actuator which was developed by combining inkjet-printed tissue paper with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel through simple in situ polymerization. Due to the high strength of natural tissue paper and the strong interaction within the interface of the bilayer structure, the mechanical property of the composite actuator was highly enhanced, reaching 1.2 MPa of tensile strength. Furthermore, the light-responsive actuation of remote manipulation can be achieved because of the stamping graphite with high efficiency of photothermal conversion. Most importantly, we also made a few remotely controlled biomimetic actuating devices based on the near-infrared (NIR) light response of this composite actuator. This work provides a simple strategy for the construction of biomimetic anisotropic actuators and will inspire the exploration of new intelligent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Paper dusting, which occurs when a tissue web releases unbound and loosely bound fibers or filler particles during tissue-making or product manufacturing, has an overall negative impact, causing safety hazards, machine runnability difficulties, and product quality issues. To date, there are no well-established industry standards to quantify dusting/linting propensities in finished tissue products, thus evaluating the effectiveness of dust/lint control programs is challenging yet intriguing. This research aims to fill this gap by developing a methodology to characterize dusting in tissue papers. We have developed a device prototype (named the Tissue Dust Collector) and a methodology that together have been named the Tissue Dust Analysis System (TDAS), which aims at quantifying the propensity for tissue-grade paper products to generate dust/lint in a controlled and reproducible manner. Two samples, corresponding to commercial products with a low and high linting propensity, were tested using the proposed device and methodology, and the released particles were quantified and characterized. The device and methodology provided reproducible results for simulated consumer handling and product manufacturing scenarios. By changing the instrument's motor frequency, the force of agitation changes, mimicking/simulating consumer (60 strokes per min, spm) and producer/manufacturing (180 spm) handling scenarios (though manufacturing processes are much faster in practice). Particle counts at each level for each product showed reproducible values differentiable at different agitation levels. Adopting the proposed Tissue Dust Analysis System may help to characterize and understand the mechanisms behind dusting to create dust-control strategies that can alleviate this issue at its various sources or simply allow tissue paper manufacturers to compare and advertise their products based on dusting propensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embossing is a functional and strategic process for creating high-quality multi-sensory tissue-paper products. Embossing modifies the sheet surface by generating hill and/or valley designs, changing the third-dimension z with a compressive die. This research work specifically concerns the impact study of the engraving finishing geometry on the final properties of tissue paper. This work led us to conclude that, even though the sheets individually present a higher hand-feel (HF) value for the straight finishing geometry, the highest softness was obtained in the two-ply prototype for the round finishing geometry. Moreover, this study confirmed that the HF value reduces with the increase of the bulk, being more accentuated for the micropattern. Relevant differences could not be seen in the spreading kinetics of the liquid droplets over time. Thus, the finishing geometry of the 3D plates did not impact the absorption kinetics on these samples. The finite element model allows us to understand the effect of the plate pattern and its finishing geometry on the paper, and the simulation results were in accordance with the experimental results, showing the same trend where patterns with a round finishing geometry marked the tissue-paper sheet more than patterns with a straight finishing did. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An innovative approach of using a laboratory embossing prototype was carried out to develop and optimize tissue papers, to quantify the influence of "deco" and "micro" embossing. A comparison between non-embossed and embossed tissue papers was conducted to investigate the effect of this process, on industrial and laboratory-made structures, evaluated by mechanical and softness properties. To identify the influence of the embossing patterns, the fiber composition and the creping process, a creped industrial base tissue paper, a disintegrated fibrous suspension obtained from this one, and an industrial never-dried bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp, were used as samples. These last two materials were used to produce similar industrial base tissue paper, in other words, handsheets with a grammage of 17 g/m2 and unpressed. The end-use tissue properties were evaluated on the non-embossed and embossed structures. The results indicated that the embossing process produced bulkier and more porous structures, at the expense of reduced mechanical and softness properties, more intensified in the "micro" embossing than in the "deco" embossing. The effect of fiber composition shows that the mechanical properties were increased with an adverse effect on the structures' TSA-softness. Furthermore, these properties are enhanced for the structures where creping process effects are presents. The performance of structures with and without embossing allowed to quantify the functional properties of softness and strength, combining ISO experimental methods and computational approaches that benefit from modeling strategies considering its structural hierarchy at the fiber and structure levels, and the shape pattern used in the embossing process. Finite Element Model (FEM) analysis enabled a better understanding of how the embossing patterns affect the mechanical properties during the embossing process. The experimental results were validated using FEM simulation, which proved that "micro" pattern has a higher stress field value, and consequently a lower mechanical strength. Overall, the results indicate that the embossing prototype can be used as an opportunity to investigate the embossing process at laboratory scale and to optimize the final end-use tissue properties due to the controlled process parameters implemented in this methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embossing is a converting process in which the surface of a tissue paper sheet is changed under high pressure, allowing different functions. In this work, the authors intend to study how the embossing pressure affects the main properties of tissue paper, using a laboratory embossing system. An optimum pressure was achieved at 2.8 bar to this embossing laboratory set-up. The effect of pressure when densifying the paper sheet gives it a gain in mechanical strength but no differences in terms of liquid absorbency. The two embossing patterns present different behaviors but both evidence losses in mechanical and softness properties. On the other hand, the finite element method (FEM) does not show clear evidence of how the pressure affects the paper strength. For the deco die, it is possible to observe that the amount of yielding is slightly higher for lower pressure (2.4 bar), but this plasticity state parameter is very similar for 2.8 bar and 3.2 bar. For the micro die, FEM simulations of the manufacturing pressure do not show a considerable impact on the amount of plasticity state of the material; only for 3.2 bar, it shows a change in the pattern of the plasticity state of the paper during the embossing processes. In the end, to achieve a final product with excellent quality, it is important to make a compromise between the various properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The embossing operation is one of the processes of tissue paper converting. The embossing parameters influence the final properties of tissue products, such as mechanical, softness, and bulk. In this study, the influence of the rubber hardness used against the embossing steel rolls with a pattern created by intaglio engraving was studied. Three different configurations of rubber plates stacking, each plate with different hardness, were studied. After embossing, mechanical properties, softness, and bulk were evaluated to analyze the effect of rubbers hardness on these properties. Furthermore, a Finite Element Model of the embossing operation was used that considered the same rubber plates stacking configurations used in experiments, and it was able to replicate the experimental results. This work led us to conclude that the configuration where two rubber plates with different hardness, where the rubber plate with higher hardness is in contact with the tissue paper sheet, has shown to be the best solution to obtain higher softness. These findings support the use of embossing operations rubber rolls with a low hardness internal layer and a high hardness external layer in industry. Thus, finite element models were also shown to be reliable tools to virtually test other configurations, such as, for example, three or more rubber plates with different hardness. Since embossing is one of the tissue paper transformation operations with the greatest impact on the key properties of the final product, this study allows the producer to optimize them by varying the hardness of the rubber roll, as well as its configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work evaluates the feasibility of APMP (alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping) and CTMP (chemi-thermomechanical pulping) of wheat straw as small-scale, low-capital expenditure pulping process to produce high-yield pulps for fiber-based bioproducts. APMP and CTMP wheat straw pulps were characterized in terms of pulping yield, freeness, ISO brightness, and fiber morphology. Additionally, both pulps were evaluated for tissue paper applications and benchmarked against BEK (bleached eucalyptus kraft) market pulp. APMP wheat straw pulps presented higher yield (75.2 – 79.8 %) compared to CTMP (69.1 – 80.6 %), depending on cooking chemicals and chemical charge during the chemical impregnation stage. The final brightness of APMP pulps varied from 36.4 % to 37.8 % ISO when sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide were used as pulping agents without additional chemical additives. However, the brightness of APMP pulps can be increased up to 49.7 % ISO by using additional chemical additives such as EDTA (chelating agent), sodium silicate (peroxide stabilizer), or by employing a multi-stage chemical impregnation strategy. Both pulps produced fibers with similar morphological properties. A comparison of tissue-making properties showed that APMP pulps produced bulkier handsheets with higher water absorption capacity and better softness than CTMP pulps. However, CTMP pulps exhibited a higher tensile index than APMP pulps for a given pulp freeness. The results indicate that non-wood fibers, such as those derived from wheat straw, could be a promising alternative for use in fiber-based bioproducts such as hygiene tissue. • Non-wood feedstock yields high-quality fibers for bio-products. • Chemo-mechanical pulping was evaluated on wheat straw. • Mechanical pulping is a small-scale process to produce high-yield non-wood pulps. • APMP wheat straw shows promise for tissue paper production. • CTMP wheat straw yields high-tensile strength fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring faster, safer, and more efficient energy storage devices will motivate scientists to develop novel energy storage products with high performance. Herein, we report porous NiO nanoparticles have been prepared by a simple hydrothermal method with CTAB and laboratory tissue paper as a template followed by calcination at three different temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C). The electrochemical characteristics of the prepared materials were examined in a three-electrode cell configuration using aqueous potassium hydroxide (2.0 M KOH) electrolyte. The NiO-300 electrode displayed the supreme capacitance of 568.7 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. The fascinating NiO morphology demonstrates a crucial part in offering simple ion transport, shortening electron, and ion passage channels and rich energetic spots for electrochemical reactions. Finally, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC), NiO//AC was constructed using positive and negative electrode materials of NiO-300 and activated carbon (AC), respectively. The assembled ASC displayed excellent supercapacitive performance with a high specific energy (52.4 Wh kg−1), specific power (800 W kg−1), and remarkable cycle life. After quick charging (25 s), such supercapacitors in the series will illuminate the light emitting diode for an extended time, suggesting improvements in energy storage, scalable integrated applications, and ensuring business efficacy. This work will lead to a new generation of high-performance ASCs to portable electronic displays and electric automobiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The development of cost‐effective carbon materials with tunable porosity for energy storage applications is challenging. In this study, a facile one‐step in situ chemical activation process was adopted to synthesize porous graphitic carbon sheets (GCSs) from a tissue paper. The resulting GCS exhibits high specific surface area, large pore volume, and a highly graphitized carbon structure with graphene‐like morphology. Sulfur‐infused GCSs with optimum sulfur loading along with GCS‐coated separator deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 1643 mAh g−1 at 0.1C rate. Moreover, when the electrode is tested at a high current rate of 1C, the cell delivered excellent cyclic stability of 652 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles. The improved electrochemical performance attributes to the unique properties of GCS, which functions as an efficient host matrix as well as an interlayer by constraining the dissolved polysulfides in addition to the enhancement in ionic and electronic conductivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental and economic concerns are driving tissue paper manufacturers to improve understanding of the relationships between fibres, the networks they form, the forming process, and the final tissue paper properties. This work investigated how pulp fractionation, refining, or addition of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) affect the compromise between absorbency and strength of 33 ± 2 g/m² model papers made of bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp. The results showed that the compromise of properties was better when fibres were refined than when MFC was added. The absorbency capacity of 2%wt MFC-paper was almost 20% lower than the capacity of the refined paper at the same dry strength. The calculated additional storage capacity due to water-induced deformations of the fibre network was 40% lower in the same range of bulk. By forming a high viscosity gel at inter-fibre contacts, MFC could limit the occurrence of major fibre and network deformation mechanisms when water was imbibing the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to achieve an increase in the profitability of tissue paper production, this research aimed to identify factors that affect the degree of pulp refinement and the tension index of the tissue paper when using short fiber, long fiber and Quimizine B enzyme. The methodology considered laboratory experiments, obtaining refining curves, multilevel factorial design and response surface diagrams. The results indicated that the most significant common factor in the pulp refining degree and tension index is the specific energy consumption for both types of fiber, and that optimal operating parameters can be known by analyzing the refining degree and tension index independently and simultaneously. It was concluded that the multilevel factorial design allowed to identify significant factors that influence the properties of the refining degree and the resistance of tissue paper when looking for an individual and simultaneous optimum and, that the influence of the enzyme increased the properties of the refining degree and the tensile strength of the paper when using raw material of short and long fiber from Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stimulus-responsive hydrogels are an important member of smart materials owing to their reversibility, soft/wet properties, and biocompatibility, which have a wide range of applications in the field of intelligent actuations. However, poor mechanical property and complicated fabrication process limit their further applications. Herein, we report a light-responsive tissue paper/hydrogel composite actuator which was developed by combining inkjet-printed tissue paper with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel through simple in situ polymerization. Due to the high strength of natural tissue paper and the strong interaction within the interface of the bilayer structure, the mechanical property of the composite actuator was highly enhanced, reaching 1.2 MPa of tensile strength. Furthermore, the light-responsive actuation of remote manipulation can be achieved because of the stamping graphite with high efficiency of photothermal conversion. Most importantly, we also made a few remotely controlled biomimetic actuating devices based on the near-infrared (NIR) light response of this composite actuator. This work provides a simple strategy for the construction of biomimetic anisotropic actuators and will inspire the exploration of new intelligent materials.

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Perforation is used in multilayer tissue products, such as toilet and kitchen papers, as part of the converting process. Perforation facilitates the detachment of consecutive sheets by the user. The compromise between the strength required to detach a perforated sheet and the strength required to break a sheet affects the perforation efficiency. In this work, the mechanical behaviors of 15 commercial papers from different European producers were studied. A morphological analysis of the materials was performed, followed by the determination of their perforation efficiency (through tensile tests). A qualitative analysis of the cuts quality, along with a quantitative analysis of the same cuts dimensions was performed through an optical system. Finally, the stress concentration in the holes and the influence of the cuts distance were analyzed using a finite element model implemented in Abaqus/Standard finite element software. The results showed that a cut distance of 2.0 mm should not be used in these types of papers, and the perforation efficiency increased with the cut distance, regardless of the number of plies in the toilet paper. The stress concentration factor was also determined to have a limit value of 0.11. Papers above this limit value tear at the perforation line, as desired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embossing is a functional and strategic process for creating high-quality multi-sensory tissue-paper products. Embossing modifies the sheet surface by generating hill and/or valley designs, changing the third-dimension z with a compressive die. This research work specifically concerns the impact study of the engraving finishing geometry on the final properties of tissue paper. This work led us to conclude that, even though the sheets individually present a higher hand-feel (HF) value for the straight finishing geometry, the highest softness was obtained in the two-ply prototype for the round finishing geometry. Moreover, this study confirmed that the HF value reduces with the increase of the bulk, being more accentuated for the micropattern. Relevant differences could not be seen in the spreading kinetics of the liquid droplets over time. Thus, the finishing geometry of the 3D plates did not impact the absorption kinetics on these samples. The finite element model allows us to understand the effect of the plate pattern and its finishing geometry on the paper, and the simulation results were in accordance with the experimental results, showing the same trend where patterns with a round finishing geometry marked the tissue-paper sheet more than patterns with a straight finishing did.

During the manufacture of low basis weight tissue paper, it is difficult to efficiently use the dry strength agent (DSA) because a large amount of DSA adsorbed fines releases in forming roll by centrifugal forces. In this study, cationic polyvinylamine (C-PVAm) was used as a DSA in an environment where the retention of fines was weak. Addition of C-PVAm to the thermomechanical pulp (TMP) or TMP mixed with softwood bleached kraft pulp (SwBKP) improved the turbidity of filtrate from sheet former, however, the strength of handsheet paper was similar to that without C-PVAm. When C-PVAm was selectively added to SwBKP as much as 4 %, the tensile index could be improved by approximately 10.6 % without changing the retention of fines. In addition, C-PVAm added before the beating of SwBKP showed better results than C-PVAm added after the beating in terms of fines retention, tensile index, and formation. In particular, the tensile index was improved about 7.7 % by adding of C-PVAm 4 % as is before beating of SwBKP. Consequently, it was found that C-PVAm with a high reaction rate can be added before beating of SwBKP to improve the physical strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploring faster, safer, and more efficient energy storage devices will motivate scientists to develop novel energy storage products with high performance. Herein, we report porous NiO nanoparticles have been prepared by a simple hydrothermal method with CTAB and laboratory tissue paper as a template followed by calcination at three different temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C). The electrochemical characteristics of the prepared materials were examined in a three-electrode cell configuration using aqueous potassium hydroxide (2.0 M KOH) electrolyte. The NiO-300 electrode displayed the supreme capacitance of 568.7 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1. The fascinating NiO morphology demonstrates a crucial part in offering simple ion transport, shortening electron, and ion passage channels and rich energetic spots for electrochemical reactions. Finally, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC), NiO//AC was constructed using positive and negative electrode materials of NiO-300 and activated carbon (AC), respectively. The assembled ASC displayed excellent supercapacitive performance with a high specific energy (52.4 Wh kg−1), specific power (800 W kg−1), and remarkable cycle life. After quick charging (25 s), such supercapacitors in the series will illuminate the light emitting diode for an extended time, suggesting improvements in energy storage, scalable integrated applications, and ensuring business efficacy. This work will lead to a new generation of high-performance ASCs to portable electronic displays and electric automobiles.

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