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Production waste, or inefficiencies in product manufacturing, is a major contributor to environmental problems. Consider production waste in garment manufacturing—which has been criticized for wasteful use of natural resources (e.g. using excessive water and fabric) and wasteful disposal of resource residuals (e.g. discarding excessive wastewater and fabric scraps). The present research examines consumer reactions to production waste and its mitigation as a function of whether it is characterized in terms of resource use versus disposal. A series of seven studies (including field and secondary data) finds that (i) consumers are less sensitive to wasteful resource use than disposal due to lower perceptions of environmental harm; (ii) likewise, consumers are less sensitive to waste mitigation targeting resource use than disposal due to lower perceptions of environmental benefit; and (iii) these waste reaction differences are attenuated when resource scarcity or long-term orientation is heightened (which increases consumer sensitivity to resource use). Together, this research sheds light on how, why, and when consumers are averse to production waste, while providing guidance regarding interventions focused on fighting production waste and promoting sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intergenerational transmission of textile practices among women are considered a strong reclaiming statement. Currently, textiles practices have been recognized as social struggle manifestations that favor the development of a human rights culture, allowing the expression of communities 'without a voice'. This article examines the emergence of textile artivism linked to recent socio-political conflicts in Latin America, emphasizing the role of women as promoters of these projects. Mil agujas por la Dignidad, a platform and textile community emerged in 2019 as a response to human rights violations in Chile, has been analyzed to understand how digital technologies favour the dissemination of textile calls, and the connection between women through feminist meetings. This research proposes that textile practices are a form of resistance art, activated simultaneously in various spaces due to their political nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term "polymer" derives from the Greek words " " meaning "many, much" and " " meaning "part", and was proposed in 1833 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius, albeit with a different definition from the current IUPAC definition [[1]]. Amongst the most used thermoplastics are polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) [[16]]. The modern concept of polymers, as covalently bonded macromolecular structures, was articulated in 1920 by Hermann Staudinger in his seminal work "Über Polymerisation" [[2]], in which he proposed that polymers were indeed long chains of atoms connected by covalent bonds. This Special Issue compiles eight selected papers from the Proceedings of the 2nd International Online Conference on Polymers Science - Polymers and Nanotechnology for Industry 4.0 (IOCPS 2021) held on 1-15 November 2021 on sciforum.net, an online platform for hosting scholarly e-conferences and discussion groups. [Extracted from the article]

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The textile wet processing industry is considered a notorious polluter due to its widespread use of natural resources without proper replenishment. Bangladesh is one of the largest producers of textile products in the World, and therefore, it is vulnerable to environmental degradation. Bangladesh is predominantly a cotton processing country; therefore, reactive dyes are commonly used, and the dye combination is very water and chemical-intensive. There is a scarcity of information on the consumption of water, textile dyes and the generation of wastewater in the textile sector. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the amount of water use, wastewater generation, and chemical use in textile wet processing units. Therefore, a faceto- face in-depth questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 18 textile wet processing factories, including knit composite, knit dyeing, yarn dyeing, denim dyeing, and knit and yarn dyeing. The average specific groundwater consumption to process 1 Kg of textile materials was 164 L/Kg (SD ~ 81.8); dyehouse water was136 L/Kg (SD ~ 70.6), while corresponding wastewater was 119 L/Kg (SD ~ 73.0). This high consumption of groundwater is directly linked to the depletion of groundwater in the region, where textile industries are situated and also, causes water pollution through wastewater generation. The water used in the dyehouse water was usually soft water and found to be in a range of 68% to 100% that of groundwater extracted. For chemical use, a factory used 449 g of chemicals to process 1 Kg of textile materials, in which the most widely used chemicals were inorganic and basic chemical in nature. However, the chemical use varied from 152 g/Kg to 705 g/Kg of textile production. The total chemical consumption ranged from 954 tons to 4,525 tons a year. More than 50% of the wastewater treatment plants were biological, a quarter of combination and physico- chemical and biological, and the rest were chemical treatment plants in this study. Even though this study may not represent the whole textile wet processing industry of Bangladesh, however, This study provides baseline information on water and chemical consumption and wastewater generation. Our findings would be helpful for policy makers and researchers to identify transformative challenges required at the national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a case report of a 74-year-old man who developed allergic contact dermatitis to benzisothiazolinone (BIT) in a laundry detergent. The man had been experiencing a pruritic rash for 8 years, which persisted despite changes in medication and furniture. Multiple skin biopsies showed inflammation. Patch testing revealed a positive reaction to BIT, and the patient's rash cleared after switching to a different laundry product. The article highlights the limited reports of laundry detergents causing allergic contact dermatitis and emphasizes the importance of identifying the ingredients in laundry detergents for individuals with dermatitis. [Extracted from the article]

Sustainability issues are gaining momentum in the apparel and textile industries. The use of sustainable raw material, process and recycling are basic approaches for developing the sustainable manufacturing and products of textile. In this study, sustainable fabrics that can fulfil the environmental, economic, and social responsibilities are developed and performances are assessed. Organic cotton fiber, Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) approved dyes, and RO treated recycled water are used to manufacture different quality sustainable melange yarns and fabrics. Apart from the novelty in the raw material and manufacturing, Box Behnken experimental design was also incorporated for three factors such as fineness of fiber, noil extraction%, and shade depth%. The use of recycled water and biodegradable raw materials leads to environmental and ecological advantages. In terms of technical performance, fineness, and noil extraction have a significant impact on dimensional, mechanical, and physical properties such as stitch density, areal density, thickness, porosity, bursting strength and abrasion resistance of cotton melange knitted fabrics. Shade depth also considerably affects all the above properties of fabrics except thickness, density, and porosity. Higher areal density, lower thickness, and lower porosity of cotton melange fabric with the high extraction of noil and low value of fiber fineness are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of digital transformation, paper forms are digitalized as electronic forms (e-Forms). Existing data can be applied in predictive maintenance (PdM) for the enabling of intelligentization and automation manufacturing. This study aims to enhance the utilization of collected e-Form data though machine learning approaches and cloud computing to predict and provide maintenance actions. The ensemble learning approach (ELA) requires less computation time and has a simple hardware requirement; it is suitable for processing e-form data with specific attributes. This study proposed an improved ELA to predict the defective class of product data from a manufacturing site's work order form. This study proposed the resource dispatching approach to arrange data with the corresponding emailing resource for automatic notification. This study's novelty is the integration of cloud computing and an improved ELA for PdM to assist the textile product manufacturing process. The data analytics results show that the improved ensemble learning algorithm has over 98% accuracy and precision for defective product prediction. The validation results of the dispatching approach show that data can be correctly transmitted in a timely manner to the corresponding resource, along with a notification being sent to users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Application of microcapsules in medical textile has been studied and commercially developed widely in recent years. The aim of this work was to propose an eco-friendly microencapsulation by solvent evaporation method that can contribute to the manufacture of medical textile products using microcapsules. Quillaja saponin was used as bio-sourced surfactant and ethyl acetate was used as the less toxic, non-halogenated organic solvent. The influences of saponin concentration, stirring speed during emulsification step and the volume of ethyl acetate used to saturate the aqueous phase before emulsification on the microcapsule size and morphology were investigated. The results showed that eudragit microcapsules of ibuprofen with diameter in range from 17 to 34 µm, which were suitable for medical textile applications, were successfully elaborated. The saponin concentration varied from 0.025 to 0.1 wt%. The stirring speed was changed from 700 to 600 rpm. The volume of ethyl acetate used in saturation step was 0, 8 and 12 ml. In the scope of investigation, the saponin concentration and the volume of ethyl acetate used in saturation step did affect the microcapsule size and morphology while the stirring speed did not. The saturation step really helped to reduce the formation of irregular microparticles and to narrow the size distribution, but the microcapsules became more porous, weaker and were deformed significantly by drying in the fabric treatment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) is the property of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An increase in population compels the textile industry to expand production to fulfill the apparel requirement, resulting in huge textile waste. These wastes are managed either by landfilling or incineration processes, which negatively contribute to the environment. Converting waste into value-added products is essential to reducing environmental pollution and thereby achieving a circular economy through proper waste management practices. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of different categories and forms of textile waste, their source of generation, the reusing capability of the textile industry, other valorization potentials in different fields, and various challenges associated with their valorization practices. This review presents textile wastes as the raw material source for preparing different value-added products such as in manufacturing textiles, packaging materials, plastics, composites, construction applications, energy generation, chemical additives, composting, and several other applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo discute sobre las tejedoras de las chinampas con foco en los estudios sobre las mujeres asociadas a la producción textil, fabricación de textiles y producción de bienes artesanales.

Yarn-dyed textiles are complementary to digital printing textiles. They promise high production and environmentally-friendly energy efficiencies. However, the complicated structures of color-blended composite yarns cause unpredictability of colors in textile products. This has become a roadblock in the development of environmentally-friendly textile products. In the present work, we propose a framework for the intelligent manufacture of color-blended composite yarn by combining color prediction with a self-developed computer numerically controlled (CNC) ring spinning system. The CNC ring spinning system consists of a ring spinning machine and an online management platform which can regulate yarn production by changing the speeds of the rollers and spindle, monitoring yarn quality and setting operational parameters through on-the-fly control; thus, one can manufacture the fiber assembly with tunable structures. Furthermore, an analytical model is set up to predict the color blending effect of the multicolored fabric made up of color-blended composite yarns. The optimized blending ratios of composite yarns are obtained based on the proposed linear model of parameter b , which are used to produce the multicolored fabrics. Overall, our work establishes a basis for manufacturing textile products with high energy efficiency within an intelligent weavable and environmentally-friendly dyeing framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was focused on the heating capacity of developed, isolated from water penetration, knitted textile heating element with incorporated conductive silver (Ag)- plated yarns, which can be used in manufacturing heating textile products intended for recreation, sports, or health care for elderly. The aim of the investigation was to obtain an appropriate temperature on a human skin, generated by the textile heating element surface at a lower voltage depending on a variety of wearing conditions indoor. Depending on the supplied voltage to the heating element, an incoming electric energy can be converted into different heat. Therefore, the electrical and achieved temperature parameters of heating elements are very important by selecting and adapting required power source devices and by setting the logical parameters of programmable controllers. The heating–cooling dynamic process of developed textile heating element was investigated at different simulated wearing conditions on a standard sweating hot plate and on a human skin at applied voltages of 3V and 5V. It was discovered that a voltage of 5 V is too big for textile heating elements, because the reached steady state temperature increases to approximately 39–40°C, which is too hot for contact with the human skin. The voltage of 3 V is the most suitable to work properly and continuously, i.e., to switch on when the adjusted temperature is too low and to turn off when the necessary temperature is reached. Based on the values of reached steady-state heating temperature, the influence of the applied voltage, ambient air flow velocity, and heating efficiency, depending on various layering of clothes, was determined. Recorded temperatures on the external surface of the heating element provided the possibility to assess its heat loss outgoing into the environment. It was suggested that heat loss can be reduced by increasing thermal insulation properties of the outer layer of the heating element or using layered clothing. On the basis of the resulted heating characteristics, recommended parameters of power source necessary for wearable textile heating element were defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throne of King Gezo of Dahomey, Benin, nineteenth century. Once repatriated, the government of the Republic of Benin plans to give Gezo's throne a central place in the permanent exhibition of the Museum of the Épopée of the Amazons and the Kings of Dahomey expected to open in Abomey in 2023. 48 T oday housed at the Quai Branly Museum in Paris, the throne of King Gezo, who ruled Dahomey from 1818 to 1858, is among these objects (Fig. Response by Ana Lucia Araujo, Professor, Department of History, Howard University Afterlives of a Dahomean Throne On 24 December 2020, France promulgated a law that will allow the repatriation of twenty-six of the many hundreds of artefacts and artworks looted from Abomey, the capital of the Fon Kingdom of Dahomey, during the Franco-Dahomean War (1892-1894), which transformed the powerful ancient West African state into a French colony (Fig. [Extracted from the article]

The research was to investigate the omni-channel distribution system for the weaving community enterprises. This research was qualitative, utilizing a case study approach. The results identify the limitations of selling creative products only through physical stores, which are unable to respond to customers' purchasing behaviors and needs. Nevertheless, the online channel alone cannot communicate the delicacy of handmade woven products through digital media since they need to be touched and worn to be fully appreciated. This dichotomy led to the design and development of the first version of the system. The research encourages the weaving community enterprises to widen their market in order to be able to compete in digital economy. It provides valuable practical insights into local weaving community enterprises and their ability to market their creative products in the digital era. This research fills a gap in the literature relating to the customer journey and the integration of distribution channels and sheds light on the need for local weaving community enterprises to adapt to the current market conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry from Romania is assimilated to the fashion/clothing industry. The main objective of this paper is to present a comparative analysis regarding the average number of employees from all economic activities from Romania and the average number of employees from manufacture of textile products within the same country. For this research was have used data between 2008 and 2018 from the National Institute of Statistics from Romania. The results show that the trend of the textile industry in terms of employees is somewhat analogous with that from all industries. From 2011 to 2018, the textile industry significantly grew in terms of average number of employees: from 28081 employees to 40276 employees, with a growth rate of approximately 43.43%. However, after our analysis, we can approve that the textile industry has a continuously potential to grow and develop in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine relationships among knowledge, environmental concern, attitudes about environmentally sustainable apparel (ESA) and ESA purchasing behaviours of Kuwaiti women. This was accomplished by surveying 236 participants using four preexisting scales, measuring knowledge about the impact of manufacturing apparel and textile products on the environment, levels of concern about environmental degradation, feelings about clothing that is environmentally sustainable and ESA purchase intentions. Data analysis determined several findings. First, female Kuwaiti nationals showed a low level of knowledge about the environmental impacts of the apparel and textile industry. The participants also held neutral attitudes of environmental concern and neutral attitudes towards ESA. Finally, despite their knowledge and attitudes, the participants did have positive intentions to purchase ESA in the future. To produce, market and sell ESA effectively in Kuwait, the conclusions from this study are important for manufacturers and retailers of ESA products. Kuwait provides a large market for apparel goods and this study is a contribution to a better understanding of consumers and ESA in that market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the strategies of post-consumer textile waste management, refashioning or the makeover of used clothes, is gaining attention as value added recycling. However, refashioning business is considered as being possible only on a small scale. This article presents a case of its mass scale operation and clarifies the factors that enabled it. From the 1920s to the 1960s, re-dyeing played an indispensable role in Kyoto maintaining its central position in dyed kimono production. This study clarifies how the coordinators of re-dyeing and makeover, the shikkai, established a MTO (make to order) network, forming direct and recurrent ties with customers nationwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular economy (CE) models are driving the next restructuring of global textile production and secondary markets, but their socio-political configurations are largely untested. New textile recycling technologies have the potential to redirect material resource flows, disrupt global secondary markets and reconfigure the waste hierarchy. Mainstream CE modelling tends to include people simply as product users in a system of material flows governed by large brands. However, anthropological research into collaborations of small-scale urban designer-producers show how they are using CE principles to prototype new regional cloth economies that aim to reproduce the types of societies they wish to live in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tyragetia is the property of National Museum of History of Moldova and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The textile industry is, right behing the oil industry, the second most polluting industry in the environment and, above all, one of which we do not have as much awareness. The textile and clothing sector is a complex business since it involves long and varied supply chains of production, raw materials, textile manufacturing, garment design, shipping, sales, use and finally, the final disposal of the garment. In 2015, the world population reached 7.4 billion people and textile consumption per capita reached 13.1 kg / inhabitant / year. The amount of water needed to manufacture the garments we wear varies according to the textile fiber and dye used: A pair of cotton jeans with indigo dyes need a minimum of 42 liters of water to be dyed, washed and finished. Once at home, we use more water taking care of them; using, 21 liters each time we wash them. The main environmental impacts of the textile industry are the high consumption of water resources and the wastewater with a high polluting load that are generated in the various processes. In this research we review the problems of the textile industry, specifically in the field of water and the various approaches to reduce water pollution ranging from source reduction, recovery (reuse and recycling), centralized treatment of effluents and separation of certain process baths for individual treatment or reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study will undertake to analyze the factors that triggered the process of decline of local textile artisans during nineteenth century. In the first quarter of nineteenth century, textile was the biggest noilagricultural production sector of the State. Bahawalpuri cloth was justly valued for the beauty of its patterns, the luster of its colors, and its lasting quality. State patronage was major factor behind the advancement of this sector. Nonetheless, British intervention in Bahawalpur State ushered in drastic political and economic changes that eventually culminated in socioeconomic transformation of the local polity. Weavers and textile workers bore the brunt of this over-hauling of society. British opened new riverine trade route through Sutlej and Indus rivers that increased competition in markets for Bahawalpuri fabric. Moreover, within the territorial jurisdiction of Bahawalpur State, Nawab had to organize new trade route that increased the State expense. Resultantly, Nawab increased taxes manifold. In 1866, British acquired direct control of the State. During this reign marginalization and elimination of textile workers was the cumulative result of British strategy to discount the significance of local textile industry and dumping of English cloth in Bahawalpur markets. Simultaneously, British opened up new vistas for the masses by new projects of education and judiciary ... etc. So disenchanted with the prevailing circumstances, most of the artisans abandoned the long-harboured and time-honoured traditional family professions either joined new government jobs; or entered labour force because unskilled labour was in demand. This article will be divided into three sections: first will provide the historical background of indigenous textile artifact; second covers Bahavvalpuri fabric manufacturing during first half of nineteenth century; third will encompass the political and socioeconomic changes during British Agency rule in Bahawalpur State that ultimately caused the decline of this sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of prehispaic Andean textile production, which featured prominently in domestic and state economies, have drawn on typology and context analyses of spindle whorl assemblages, supplemented by ethnohistorical descriptions of cloth, to reconstruct craft specialization, gender dynamics, and tribute systems. The excellent preservation of cloth in the southern Andes, offers a unique opportunity to compare the inferences gained from spindle whorl analyses with the attributes of surviving textile assemblages, specifically the quality of yarn and finished cloth. Here, we present a study of spindle whorls and cloth associated with the Middle Horizon (A.D. 500–1100) state of Tiwanaku in the south-central Andes. In the first part of this study, we propose a regional typology for Tiwanaku spindle whorls, introducing new evidence from Tiwanaku provincial sites in Moquegua, Peru. The subsequent comparison of spindle whorl types with yarns and cloth qualities from mortuary and domestic textiles found in Moquegua reveals spinning and weaving to be mechanically, cognitively, and contextually distinct processes that are nevertheless part of an integrated process. We conclude that Tiwanaku textile production was at once embedded in multigenerational and gendered communities, and probably more informal than in other prehispanic Andean states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textiles are seldom included within socioeconomic interpretative frameworks of the ancient northern Mediterranean region, although several recent studies have begun to address this lacuna. The Archaic/ Classical site of Ripacandida (Basilicata), located in the southern Apennines, has yielded both textiles and textile tools, providing an unprecedented opportunity to examine textile production and use at an indigenous south Italian site. This study presents the results of the complementary analyses of mineralised textile remains and textile tools (spindle whorls and loom weights) found in the cemetery of Ripacandida. The unusual combination of the Greek textile weave (weft-faced tabby) and a characteristic Italic tablet-woven border in two fragments attests to a mixed textile culture. The (to date) unique situation at Ripacandida enables us to reflect on the role of textiles in cultural contact contexts: the way in which textile cultures and their elements met and were mixed or kept separate in south Italy and beyond; the extent to which textile production was socially and economically embedded in a small indigenous community of south Italy; and the role of textiles and textile production as an expression of indigenous-Greek interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In textile production the yarn is being withdrawn from cross-wound packages in warping and weft insertion. During unwinding there appear forces in the yarn that are approximately proportional to the square of the unwinding velocity. The yarn tension is not constant, but it oscillates within some interval. This is especially noticeable in over-end unwinding from a static cross-wound package. Even when the yarn is not strongly stressed, so that the tension does not exceed a few percent of the breaking strength, the yarn still can break sometimes. We strive to achieve as large warping and weaving speeds as possible, therefore our aim is to improve the theory of cross-wound package unwinding and to find the necessary modifications of the yarn unwinding process. We state the equations of motion that describe the unwinding yarn and develop a mathematical model, which permits to simulate the process of unwinding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Worldwide, recent years are characterized by an increasingly acute manifestation of the ecological phenomenon, seeking solutions for obtaining products that are based on natural components, as well as the safe use of products. In this respect, in the textile industry, the concept of eco - fashion has developed: manufacturers and designers increasingly using eco - friendly materials and technologies. Any approach to designing, evaluating or improving the quality of a product is based on establishing the technical dimensions of product functions and adopting the representative quality features that can best meet the demands of the beneficiaries. Achieving and continuously improving the ecological function of clothing products is presently a major requirement, being addressed in both research and production. This function is in a relationship of interdependence with the comfort functions (thermophysiological and sensorial), the ergonomic function, the safety in use and the availability function. The paper presents some key aspects of the ecological function of clothing products, its components, ways and solutions for implementation and product quality assurance, as well as the advantages offered by the creation and use of ecological products.179 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 100% cotton interlock structure has been widely used to produce winter garments thanks to its thermal properties and comfort. However as with all weft-knitted fabrics, it presents much dimensional instability. For a long time now, companies have attempted to minimise this problem by optimising production processes and implementing quality controls to obtain more dimensionally stable fabrics. The dimensional instability of knitted fabrics from their production stage until a finished fabric is formed is subject to wide variability and, therfore, needs to be minimised. One of the variables that intervenes in fabric shrinkage is loop length.The process followed to analyze this in accordance with regulation UNE-EN 14970 is somewhat bothersome as it is necessary to identify wales and the direction samples unravel in, cut all along a course, count the number of loops along a given length, remove yarn from the fabric, place the measuring machine pincers by foreseeing loss of twist to measure its length, and repeat all this 10 times to then calculate its mean. This study proposes finding the relationship between loop length and the variables wales/cm, courses/cm, stitch density/cm2, weight, tightness factor, Kc, Kw and Kr to obtain knitted fabrics with an optimum dimensional stability to thus guarantee end product quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]