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Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the recent studies, immunohistochemical subtypes of growth hormone (GH) secreting adenomas have been considered as a predictive factor in determining the clinical outcomes including biochemical, radiologic, and endocrine remission. In a 20 year-of time period, acromegaly patients who were treated and followed at the Endocrinology Department of our University Hospital were screened for the study. Of total 98 patients, 65 patients who had been operated by transsphenoidal surgery and having postoperative specimens were included. Postoperative specimens of the surgery of the patients were classified into 3 groups based on the histochemical characteristics (densely, sparsely, and mixed). Parasellar extensions of pituitary tumors were classified into the five grades according to Knosp classification. The patients were investigated and evaluated for postoperative clinical progress, remission rates, comorbidities regarding with the histopathological patterns. Of total 65 patients, 31 were classified as densely granulated (group 1), 32 were classified as sparsely granulated (group 2), and 2 patients were assessed as mixed granulated (group 3). There was no difference between groups for age and gender. Pre-treatment of adenoma size in all groups was correlated with each other and the frequency of macroadenoma (1 vs. 2, 77.4 vs. 84.3%) was higher in two groups. Although mean initial GH levels in group 1 was higher than the other groups (p=0.03), IGF1 levels (age and gender matched) were similar in each group. Adenomas in all groups demonstrated noninvasive radiological characteristics (Knosp grade 0–1–2). Ki-67 proliferation index of both groups (64.5 vs. 50%) was predominantly 1%. With a similar follow-up period, the endocrine remission rates (GH<1 μg/l) in groups were 64 vs. 69%, respectively. In conclusion, classification according to immunohistochemical subtypes of growth hormone secreting adenomas may not be a qualified parameter to evaluate patients with patterns of aggressiveness, clinical outcomes, or treatment response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prolactinoma is the most common cause of pituitary tumours. Current medical guidelines recommend dopamine agonists (cabergoline or bromocriptine) as the initial therapy for prolactinoma. However, surgical removal can also be considered in selected cases, such as patients with macroadenomas with local complications (bleeding or optic chiasm pressure) or those not responding to medical treatment. The present retrospective study included patients with prolactinomas (n=43; female, 24; male, 19) who were primarily managed with medical (n=32) or surgical (n=11) treatment. Macroadenoma (n=29.67%) was commonly detected in both genders (female, 54%; male, 84%). Moreover, the mean pre-treatment prolactin levels were similar in both genders (female, 683.3 ± 1347 ng/mL; male, 685.4 ± 805 ng/mL; p=0.226). Surgically treated patients had a greater reduction in tumour size (27.7 ± 17.9 mm pre-treatment vs. 8.72 ± 14.2 mm post-treatment) than non-surgically treated ones (12.5 ± 7.5 mm pre-treatment vs. 4.1 ± 4.2 mm post-treatment; p=0.00). However, the decrease in prolactin levels was similar between the two patient groups (p=0.108). During the follow-up period (10.6 ± 7.0 years), the average cabergoline dose of the patients was 1.42 ± 1.47 mcg/week. Although a surgical approach was considered for selected cases of prolactinoma, the average dose used for medical treatment was highly inadequate for the patients in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The expression of the cognate receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in malignant tissues of patients with type 2 diabetes has been suggested as a co‐factor determining the clinical course and prognosis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RAGE expression and clinicopathological features of prostate neoplasia. Methods: Tissue samples of 197 patients, 64 (24 patients with type 2 diabetes and 40 controls) with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 133 (71 patients with type 2 diabetes and 62 controls) with localised or metastatic prostate cancer (LPCa/MetPCa) were included in the study. The expression of RAGE in prostate specimens was studied immunohistochemically. RAGE scores were determined according to the extent of immunoreactivity and staining intensity. Results: RAGE expression in BPH group (patients with type 2 diabetes and controls) was negative. Patients with both LPCa and MetPCa had significantly higher scores than those with BPH (P <.001). The mean RAGE scores of patients with type 2 diabetes LPCa and MetPCa were 4.71 ± 3.14 and 4.97 ± 3.69. The mean scores of control LPCa and MetPCa were 1.52 ± 1.87 and 1.69 ± 1.58, respectively. The scores of patients with type 2 diabetes LPCa and MetPCa were significantly higher than those of control LPCa and MetPCa (P =.01 and P <.001, respectively). Conclusion: We found higher RAGE expression levels in malignant prostate neoplasia than in BPH. As expected, patients with diabetes had higher scores than control patients. Disease progression and survival parameters were worse in patients with high RAGE levels. RAGE expression may be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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