Search

Sugar is one of the staple food commodities that has an important role in the Indonesian economy. The high demand for domestic sugar has resulted in the inability of sugar factories to meet the demand for sugar consumption because domestic sugar production is still low. This is due to decreased land area and productivity, low sugar yield rates, and low factory efficiency. This paper describes the improvement of sugarcane cultivation to the process of making sugar to support national consumption. The article uses a systematic review method on the latest sugarcane research and reports the conditions directly on the plantation. The results show that the existing sugarcane supply is still less than the factory's demand, so the factory worked inefficiently. Even though the factory has new machines and technology to produce good quality sugar with a capacity of 4,600 TCD, companies can take a coaching approach to the surrounding community to carry out sugarcane cultivation and provide financial support to the surrounding community. Based on the reality of low production and factory efficiency, the government needs to support the sugarcane cultivation system through farming production systems, improving factory machine capacity and labor for sugarcane estate in the global market era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific evidences on determinants of return migration decision were scanty in Ethiopia. The study is an endeavour made to unveil the determinants of return migration decision in Addis Ababa. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 402 international returnees drawn via a simple random sampling method to provide a platform for future intervention efforts. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive, inferential statistics, and binary logistic regression model (BLRM). The chi-square test indicated that there is no statistically significant relationship between forced and voluntary return modalities and the sex, roles in the family, religion, and educational status of the returnees at the 0.05 level of significance. Results of BLRM depicted that destination area factors had more substantial positive impact with the odds ratio of 85.70 than homeland and personal factors with the odds ratio of 25.58, and 9.12 respectively, despite, all the three factors have a positive effect on likelihood of making return migration decision at (P<0.001). The results disclosed that Ethiopian emigrants that constitute a significant number were subjected to coercion in the destination areas to evacuate instead of making free choice to return, which inexorably could lead the returnees to unsustainable livelihoods in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Ethiopia, most studies that were conducted so far on irregular cross-border migration are often tended to omit examining the relative weights of crucial factors associated with origin and destination countries, and personal attributes of the migrants that made evidence remained inconclusive for decision making. The study explored the major driving pull-push factors predicting irregular cross-border migration decision among 402 international returnees randomly drawn from Addis Ababa based on a cross-sectional survey to provide scientific evidence on the issue. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression models were used to analyze the data. Majority of the returnees (90%) concurred that economic factors took the most leading share in compelling the respondents to migrate in irregular manner. Socio-cultural and socio-political factors at abroad and homeland made the first and the second greatest contributions on irregular migration decision with the values of (ß = .403; and ß = .381) respectively at (p = 0.000<0.001). Meanwhile, nevertheless, the decision to migrate was influenced by situations in both the destination and the origin areas, the findings of the present study illuminated that the decision to migrate is robustly more predicted by conditions in the former areas than conditions in the latter ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]