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To study the effect of 6’-O-caffeoylarbutin (CA) treatment on the prevention and control of gray mold in postharvest blueberry fruit and its effect on fruit phenylpropane metabolism, blueberries were soaked in 2.5 mmol/L CA solution or distilled water as the control. The results showed that CA treatment significantly reduced the incidence of gray mold in postharvest blueberry fruit and inhibited the expansion of lesion diameter when compared with the control. Meanwhile, it increased the activities of phenylalanine ammoniase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coenzyme coenzyme A ligase (4CL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD), as well as the contents of total phenols, flavonoids and lignin, with few adverse effects on the storage quality. It is concluded that CA treatment could promote the synthesis and accumulation of resistance-related substances and consequently enhance the resistance to gray mold by activating the enzyme activities related to phenylpropane metabolism in postharvest blueberry fruit.

Objective To analyze the effect of Bushen Jianpi prescription on serum osteoclast, osteogenesis related factors and intestinal flora in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Methods Eighty patients with PMOP admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from March 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into combined group and control group by simple randomization method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was treated with calcium carbonate vitamin D3 tablets, while the combined group was supplemented with Bushen Jianpi prescription on the basis of the control group. The treatment of both groups lasted for 8 weeks. The changes of serum osteoclast and osteogenesis-related factors ［β-isomer of C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen（β-CTX）, procollagen type Ⅰ Nterminal propeptide (P1NP)］in the two groups before and after treatment were detected, and the changes of Chinese medicine symptom score before and after treatment were evaluated, and the changes of intestinal flora were compared. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, β-CTX and P1NP in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment,and in the combined group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the scores of symptoms of low back pain, weakness of waist and knees, lower limb cramps, difficulty in walking and difficulty in carrying weight in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment,and in the combined group were lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of the combined group was 92.50%, which was higher than that of the control group (75.00%) (P＜0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces in both groups increased compared with that before treatment, while the number of Escherichia coli decreased compared with that before treatment. After 8 weeks of treatment, the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces of the combined group was higher than that of the control group, and the number of Escherichia coli was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05). There was no obvious adverse reactions in both groups during treatment. Conclusion For patients with PMOP, Bushen Jianpi prescription on the basis of calcium supplementation is helpful to regulate the levels of serum osteoclast, osteogenesis-related factors and intestinal flora, improve the clinical symptoms of patients and further improve the therapeutic effect, and it is safe.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of alcohol-flame burns and the correlation with COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 134 patients with alcohol-flame burns who were admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Chengdu City from January 2015 to December 2022. Demographics, time of first hospital visit, burn size, depth and site, month and place of burn, inhalation injury, surgical intervention, length of hospital stay, hospital costs were recorded annually. Data from the COVID-19 epidemic period (2020–2022) were compared to those from the non-epidemic period (2015–2019) for analysis. Results: The number of patients with alcohol-flame burns showed a consistent annual increase. During the epidemic period, the proportion of alcohol-flame burns among burn patients was significantly higher (2.43% ± 0.16%) than during the non-epidemic period (1.70% ± 0.15%) (P = 0.00). Alcohol-flame burns primarily affected adult men, occurring mainly in massage parlors and homes. The peak incidence was between May and August. Patients sought medical attention promptly, with a median time to first hospital visit of 2 h post-burn. Alcohol-flame burns mostly involved the trunk and upper extremities. Median total burn size was 7% TBSA, median full-thickness burn size was 1% TBSA. Over 20% of patients had combined inhalation injuries, and a similar proportion required surgical intervention. Alcohol burn patients had a median hospital stay of 14 days and incurred median medical costs of ¥16,600($2300). During the epidemic, the basic characteristics of patients with alcohol-flame burns did not change much. However, the time to first hospital visit was significantly shorter (2 h) during the epidemic period than non-epidemic period (3 h). Furthermore, alcohol-flame burn patients during the epidemic exhibited significantly larger total burn sizes, higher burn indices, and longer hospital stays compared to non-epidemic patients. The incidence of combined inhalation injuries was also significantly higher during the epidemic. Surgical requirements and medical costs were not significantly associated with the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion: Alcohol-flame burns exhibit distinct clinical characteristics, including severe injuries, prolonged hospital stays, and elevated costs, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sleep disorders can lead to persistent immune responses, activate related signal transduction pathways, and keep the body in a low⁃grade inflammatory state, which is a state of the level of proinflammatory factors is increased but does not cause invasive tissue damage or dysfunction. Long⁃term persistent chronic low ⁃ grade inflammation (CLGI) can promote the occurrence and development of sleep disorders. This article reviews the research progress of CLGI and sleep disorders, and explores new targets for the treatment of sleep disorders.

Aiming at the goal of improving the quality of English teaching and combining the characteristics of English teaching, this paper constructs an efficient English discursive literacy teaching based on corpus micro-text analysis. Utilizing the unique advantages of online corpus to assist English teaching, it proposes the targeted teaching of English metaphorical vocabulary and combines the Word2Vec word embedding model and the cosine similarity algorithm to propose a model for analyzing the quality of English text coherence. Based on the characteristics of writing vocabulary in microtexts of the corpus, the analysis integrates the dimensional features of English writing vocabulary teaching. The effectiveness of the corpus-based efficient teaching model for English literacy teaching is verified through teaching practice, specifically utilizing the average values of pre- and post-tested vocabulary, sentences, and chapters of the two classes as comparison data. The results proved that the average value of the pre-test scores of all students in the experimental class is 7.78, and the average value of the post-test is 10.72, which is 2.94 higher than the pre-test. The English teaching model in colleges and universities based on corpus micro-text analysis can significantly improve the English writing level of students and achieve efficient English teaching.

N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. However, the role of NMDAR subunits in depression is still unclear. In this study, alteration in all seven NMDAR subunits in several brain areas of rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), an animal model of depression, was detected. Our findings demonstrated that: (1) CUMS could induce a reduction in sucrose preference, an indicator of typical depression-like behaviors; (2) CUMS significantly reduced the NMDAR subunits of GluN2B and GluN3 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but not altered all seven NMDAR subunits in hippocampus and corpus callosum of rats; (3) subunit composition of NMDARs in corpus callosum was different from that in mPFC, PFC and hippocampus; and (4) the mRNA expressions of GluN2B, GluN3A and GluN3B in mPFC as well as mRNA expression of GluN2C in corpus callosum were correlated to sucrose preference in rats. These findings suggested that GluN2B and GluN3 in mPFC may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression.

The main aim of this article is to focus on the dynamics and traveling wave solution of stochastic coupled Konno–Oono equation with multiplicative noise in the Stratonovich sense. First, the considered model is converted to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using traveling wave transformation. Secondly, two-dimensional phase portrait of the nonlinear ordinary differential equation and its periodic perturbation system are drawn by using Maple software. Finally, the traveling wave solutions of the investigated equation are obtained via the planar dynamic system method. Moreover, three-dimensional graphs of some obtained solutions are drawn.

To solve the problem of manpower and time consumption caused by power flow state adjustment in a large‐scale power grid, a power system operation state adjustment method considering the static stability constraint based on parallel deep reinforcement learning is proposed. By introducing the process of adjusting the power flow state that satisfies static stability, the Markov decision‐making process of adjusting power flow is constructed. Then, based on the positioning of the adjustment target, the selection of actionable devices and the calculation of the amount of action, a power flow state adjustment strategy is developed. The adjustment process is accelerated through sensitivity, transfer ratio and load margin. Then, a parallel deep reinforcement learning model is established, and it maps actions to power flow adjustment to form a pair of generator actions and realises parallel adjustment of multi‐sectional objectives. In addition, the reinforcement learning strategy and the deep learning network are improved to promote learning efficiency. Finally, the New England 39‐bus standard system and actual power grid are used to verify the effectiveness of the method.

BACKGROUND Copper nickel and zinc concentrates all belong to metal sulfide minerals and are import commodities. The rapid and accurate analysis of dispersed elements in these samples is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of mineral. However, the content of rare elements in such minerals is extremely low, and the properties of each element are different. In particular, Ge and Se cannot be precisely determined due to volatilization loss in wet digestion, and it is difficult to simultaneously measure various elements. OBJECTIVES To simultaneously determine the various elements in the sample. METHODS Copper, zinc and nickel concentrates were used as representative sulfide minerals. The sample was pre-sealed by microwave digestion, and the content of rare elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Simultaneous determination of various elements was realized. The experimental conditions of total solid solution, internal standard, mass spectrum interference elimination and pretreatment acid selection were compared. RESULTS During determination of Ga, Ge, Se, Cd, In, Te, La and Tl by microwave digestion in ICP-MS analysis, total amount of solid solution, internal standard, and mass spectrum interference elimination conditions was consistent in three types of metal sulfide ores. Unfortunately, the acid types were not the same. HNO3-HCl-HF-H2O2 system was more suitable for measuring Ga, Ge, Se, Cd, In, Te, La and Tl in nickel and zinc concentrates, and Ga, Ge, Se, Cd, In, La and Tl in copper concentrate. The recoveries of these elements ranged from 85.5% to 116.6%. The HCl-HNO3 (3:1) system was more suitable for detecting Te in copper concentrate. CONCLUSIONS The method is simple, and the simultaneous determination of multiple elements is realized. Other factors of the method are the same, the acid digestion system is the key to selection.

The Askartor Be-Mo deposit is located in the southeastern area of the Chinese Altay orogenic belt in Xinjiang, NW China. Zircon U-Pb data show that there are two periods of magmatic activities in the Askartor Be-Mo ore district, namely, the Devonian granodiorite (386.8 ± 2.6 Ma) and biotite granite (385.4 ± 4.4 Ma), and the Triassic two-mica granite (247.5 ± 2.2 Ma) and muscovite granite (231.4 ± 2.0 Ma). The zircon U-Pb age of pegmatoid orebody is 220.6 ± 1.6 Ma which coincides with the molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of 228.7 ± 7.1 Ma. The two-mica and muscovite granites belong to the high-K Calc-alkaline series with peraluminous features, and are characterized by high SiO2 (71.92–75.41 wt%), and Al2O3 (13.43–15.98 wt%), and low TiO2 (0.01–0.25 wt%), Fe2O3 (0.11–1.14 wt%) and CaO (0.07–0.76 wt%). The highly fractionated element ratios of Y/Ho, Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta, and the rare earth element tetrad effect occur in the muscovite granite, indicating the fluid exsolution occurs at the late stage of magma evolution, and the muscovite granite experienced the strong self-metasomatism. Rayleigh fractional calculations show that the Askartor Be-Mo deposit is the product of multistage fractional crystallization of initial Be-enriched magma.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of acupuncture on the management of hormone therapy–related side effects in breast cancer patients. Methods: Randomized controlled trials of acupuncture versus a control or placebo in breast cancer patients that examined reductions in therapy-related side effects were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library through April 2020. Data on patient symptoms (hot flashes, fatigue, pain, stiffness, and gastrointestinal symptoms), physical capacity, cytokines, and general psychosomatic well-being were analyzed. We evaluated and analyzed the quality of all included studies with the 5.2 Cochrane Handbook standards using Stata software (version 10.0) and Revman software (version 5.2), respectively. We assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and evaluated the quality of evidence using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach. Results: The pooled results suggested that acupuncture led to moderate improvements in hot flashes, fatigue, and stiffness. No significant differences were observed in pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, Kupperman index scores, Overall quality of life, tumor necrosis factor levels, and interleukin levels. Conclusions: Evidence for outcome indicators of symptom management were downgraded by the GRADE system for inconsistency, indirectness, and imprecision in the included RCTs. Nonetheless, acupuncture is a moderately appropriate alternative therapy for hormone therapy–related side effects in breast cancer patients. However, it still lacks large-sample, multicenter, prospective RCTs. Future research should focus on standardizing comparison groups and treatment methods, be at least single-blinded, assess biologic mechanisms, have adequate statistical power, and involve multiple acupuncturists.

Large-scale conglomerate fan-delta aprons were typical deposits on the slope of Mahu Depression during the Early Triassic. Without outcrops, it is difficult to study the lithofacies only by examining the limited cores from the main oil-bearing interval of the Baikouquan Formation. Borehole electrical imaging log provides abundant high-resolution geologic information that is obtainable only from real rocks previously. Referring to the lithology and sedimentary structure of cores, a case study of fan-deltas in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation of the Mahu Depression presents a methodology for interpreting the complicated lithofacies utilizing borehole electrical images. Eleven types of lithologies and five types of sedimentary structures are summarized in borehole electrical images. The sediments are fining upward from gravel to silt and clay in the Baikouquan Formation. Fine-pebbles and granules are the main deposits in T1b1 and T1b2, but sandstones, siltstones and mudstones are more developed in T1b3. The main sedimentary textures are massive beddings, cross beddings and scour-and-fill structures. Parallel and horizontal beddings are more developed in T1b3 relatively. On integrated analysis of the lithology and sedimentary structure, eight lithofacies from electrical images, referred to as image lithofacies, is established for the fan-deltas. Granules to coarse-pebbles within massive beddings, granules to coarse-pebbles within cross and parallel beddings, siltstones within horizontal and massive beddings are the most developed lithofacies respectively in T1b1, T1b2 and T1b3. It indicates a gradual rise of the lake level of Mahu depression during the Early Triassic, with the fan-delta aprons retrograding towards to the margin of the basin. Therefore, the borehole electrical imaging log compensate for the limitation of cores of the Baikouquan Formation, providing an effective new approach to interpret the lithofacies of fan-delta.

Based on self-designed tailings dam simulation experiment device of tailings dam-break, experimental study of tailings dam failure was carried out under the condition of rainfall. The change rule of infiltration line, the developing process, the mechanism of dam failure and the displacement of the dam body after collapse were obtained and recorded by the rainfall devices, the infiltration line measuring devices, the displacement monitoring devices and the camera. The results are as follows: in the early stage of rainfall, the changes of the infiltration line in the front reservoir and the outside slope of the dam were obviously lagging behind the water level, but in the middle and tail of the reservoir it was not obvious. In the later stage of the rainfall, the lagging phenomenon gradually disappeared, and the change of water level had an obvious effect on the change of infiltration line. At the early stage of the dam failure, seepage and water overflow occurred on the outer slope of the tailings dam, causing local collapse to occur. In the late stages of dam break, the water flew over the dam crest and continued to erode the dam body, thus lead to the dam failure. Under the action of seepage force, the phenomenon of piping occurred in the dam. With the continuous erosion of water flow, the seepage force, floating severe, buoyancy force and pore water pressure were increased, the anti-resistance was weakened and the stability of dam was reduced. After the dam failed, the settlement displacement in the breach was the largest, in addition to the breach, the settlement displacement occurred mainly at the dam abutment. The external expansion occurred mainly in the middle dam and dam foot. The research results provide some valuable guidance and reference for the mechanism analysis of the tailings dam-break, the disaster prevention and controlling when subjected to rainfall.

With the construction of interconnected power grid and the rapid development of clean energy, the frequency problem of power system is becoming increasingly prominent. The problem of ultra-low frequency oscillation affects the stability of system frequency. In order to analyze the frequency regulation characteristics of the system, it is necessary to study the local active power control link and stability calculation model of the hydropower plant computer monitoring system. In this paper, the influence of the local active power control link of the monitoring system on the system frequency small signal stability is studied, and the model is built in the simulation program. Through the simulation of 4-machine-2 regional power grid, the influence characteristics of local active power control on frequency dynamic damping level are verified. In the example of large power grid, the coordination between the local active power control of the monitoring system and the speed regulation system of hydropower units is comprehensively considered, the suggestion of coordination of multi-level frequency modulation resources to system frequency regulation is put forward.

UNLABELLED: PIK3CA (PI3Kα) is a lipid kinase commonly mutated in cancer, including ∼40% of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The most frequently observed mutants occur in the kinase and helical domains. Orthosteric PI3Kα inhibitors suffer from poor selectivity leading to undesirable side effects, most prominently hyperglycemia due to inhibition of wild-type (WT) PI3Kα. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations and cryo-electron microscopy to identify an allosteric network that provides an explanation for how mutations favor PI3Kα activation. A DNA-encoded library screen leveraging electron microscopy-optimized constructs, differential enrichment, and an orthosteric-blocking compound led to the identification of RLY-2608, a first-in-class allosteric mutant-selective inhibitor of PI3Kα. RLY-2608 inhibited tumor growth in PIK3CA-mutant xenograft models with minimal impact on insulin, a marker of dysregulated glucose homeostasis. RLY-2608 elicited objective tumor responses in two patients diagnosed with advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer with kinase or helical domain PIK3CA mutations, with no observed WT PI3Kα-related toxicities. SIGNIFICANCE: Treatments for PIK3CA-mutant cancers are limited by toxicities associated with the inhibition of WT PI3Kα. Molecular dynamics, cryo-electron microscopy, and DNA-encoded libraries were used to develop RLY-2608, a first-in-class inhibitor that demonstrates mutant selectivity in patients. This marks the advance of clinical mutant-selective inhibition that overcomes limitations of orthosteric PI3Kα inhibitors. See related commentary by Gong and Vanhaesebroeck, p. 204 . See related article by Varkaris et al., p. 227 . This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 201.