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It is estimated that approximately seven million people worldwide are affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), causing a huge burden on healthcare systems and society. In the occurrence, progression, and treatment of IBD, the intestinal microbiota and its key metabolic product, bile acids, play a crucial role. The intestinal microbiota not only participates in the biotransformation of bile acids, enriching the diversity of bile acids, but also regulates their synthesis and transport through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Meanwhile, bile acids contribute to regulating the structure and function of the intestinal microbiota by supporting microbial diversity, exerting direct toxicity, participating in indirect antimicrobial pathways, and influencing microbial metabolic capabilities. Furthermore, under normal physiological conditions, intestinal microbiota-derived bile acids facilitate the repair process of the intestinal epithelial barrier. They also promote the balance of the immune system by modulating the functions of various immune cells including helper T (Th) cells 17, regulatory T (Treg) cells, CD8+ T cells and natural killer T(NKT) cells, thereby slowing down the development of IBD. This article focuses on exploring the role of intestinal microbiota and bile acids in the onset and progression of IBD, and investigating new effective treatment strategies by targeting intestinal microbiota and bile acids, such as bile acid receptor modulators, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and phage therapy.

With the maturing of artificial intelligence technology, the human-machine collaborative teaching model is gradually attracting attention. Exploration of the path and effectiveness of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into business writing teaching is urgently needed. This study takes the use of ERNIE Bot in teaching business proposal writing as an example, collecting and analyzing qualitative and quantitative data, and discussing the methods, effects and challenges of applying LLMs in teaching business English writing in universities in China. The results show that students using ERNIE Bot as an auxiliary tool demonstrate higher participation and enthusiasm in the proposal writing process, and their writing texts have significantly improved in terms of structural clarity and language accuracy. However, it has also been found that ERNIE Bot tends to recommend conventional expressions and structures, which to a certain extent limit students’ personalized expressions. Therefore, the leading role of the instructor should not be neglected.

Objective To investigate the willingness of psychiatric nurses to engage in dementia nursing and analyze its influencing factors, in order to improve the quality of dementia care. Methods Totally 267 registered nurses in Grade 3A psychiatric hospital were investigated by self-made questionnaire, and data was analyzed by fitting a logistic regression model using a statistical package. Results Totally 47(17. 6%) nurses were willing to engage in dementia care. Motivation and interest in dementia care was main influencing factors of willingness to engage in dementia nursing. The main reasons for unwilling to engage in the nursing work of patients with dementia included: difficulty in communication with elderly dementia patients, high nursing risk and high incidence of accidents, complicated physical diseases associated with the elderly, rapid changes in the disease condition, complex illness, lack of professional ability, lack of sense of value and their own development direction, uneven pay and income. Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen the training of psychiatric nurses on dementia related knowledge, theory and care skills, arrange nurses to care for dementia patients, change nurses' cognition of dementia nursing work, strengthen the training of nurses interested in the nursing work of dementia patients, improve their clinical working ability and provide better nursing services for dementia patients. (目的 调查精神科护士从事失智症护理工作的意愿状况, 分析相关影响因素, 以提高失智症照护质量。方法 采用自制问卷调查某三级甲等精神病医院在职注册护士267人, 运用Logistic回归模型分析精神科护理人员从事失智症患者护理工作的意愿现状及影响因素。结果 有17. 6%(47/267)的护士愿意从事失智症护理工作, 对失智症护理工作有兴趣是主要影响因素。不愿意从事失智症患者护理工作的主要原因有: 与老年失智症患者沟通困难、护理风险高及意外事件发生率高、老年人伴发躯体疾病多、病情变化快、病情复杂、自身业务能力不足、没有价值感与自身发展方向不符、付出与收入不平衡。结论 建议加强对精神科护士进行失智症相关知识和理论及照护技能的培训, 有计划安排护士护理失智症患者, 转变护士对失智症护理工作的认知, 加强对失智症患者护理工作感兴趣的护士培训, 提高护士护理失智症患者的临床工作能力。)

Objective To explore the application of diversified prevention and nursing of osteoporosis for male schizophrenia patients in long-term hospitalization. Methods Totally 66 male schizophrenia patients with long-term hospitalization were enrolled as research objects. A two-year follow-up of the diversified prevention and nursing of osteoporosis was carried out. The changes in bone mineral density were measured before and after intervention. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the severity of psychiatric symptoms, and Scale of Social Skills for Psychiatric Inpatients (SSPI) was used to evaluate the daily living skills and social function of patients. Results An increase in bone mineral density was observed after intervention (0. 88±0. 15 g/cm2 vs. 0. 93±0. 18 g/cm2 , P＜0. 05). The scores of positive symptom, negative symptom and general psychiatric symptom after intervention were higher than those before intervention (P＜0. 01). The scores of ability of daily living, dynamic and communicative situation, and social activity skills were higher than those before intervention(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Osteoporosis or osteopenia in male schizophrenia patients with long-term hospitalization should not be ignored. Implementation of a diversified prevention and nursing strategy can increase the bone mineral density, relieve the psychiatric symptoms and improve the daily living skills and social function of patients. (目的 探讨多元化骨质疏松预防护理在长期住院男性精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法 选取66名长期住院男性精神分裂症患者为研究对象, 实施多元化骨质疏松预防护理, 干预时间为2年。检测并记录干预前后患者的骨密度数据变化, 采用精神分裂症阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估患者精神症状的严重程度; 采用住院精神患者社会功能评定量表(SSPI)评估生活能力和社会功能。结果 实施护理干预后患者骨密度值为(0. 93±0. 18)g/cm2, 高于实施护理干预前的(0. 88±0. 15)g/cm2, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05); 患者PANSS量表评分中阳性症状、阴性症状和一般精神病理量表评分均较干预前下降, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 患者SSPI量表评分中日常生活能力、动性和交往情况和社会性活动技能评分均较干预前上升, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 长期住院男性精神分裂症患者的骨质疏松或骨量减少问题不容忽视。通过对其实施多元化骨质疏松预防护理, 可明显促进其骨密度增加, 改善患者精神症状的严重程度, 提高生活能力和社会功能。)

Objective To investigate the effect of predictive nursing based on Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA) cycle in prevention of falls in long-stay senile psychiatric patients. Methods Totally 140 senile psychiatric patients with hospital stay more than one year were included as the control group. After implementation of predictive nursing based on PDCA cycle, another 140 senile psychiatric patients with hospital stay more than one year were recruited as the observation group. To compare the incidence of falls and related nursing quality scales between two groups. Results Two cases in the observation group were lost to follow-up. There were 8 (5. 80%)cases of falls in the observation group and 20(14. 29%) cases of falls in the control group, with a significant difference (P＜0. 05). The scores of nursing quality in aspects of management, implementation, equipment and environment, education and feedback were higher than those in the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion The predictive nursing based on PDCA cycle is effective to reduce the risk of falls in long-stay senile psychiatric patients. (目的 探讨PDCA循环式预见性护理在预防长期住院老年精神科患者跌倒中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年1月1日前在苏州市广济医院精神科住院时间≥1年的患者140例作为对照组, 另选取2019年1月1日起施行PDCA式预见性护理后住院时间≥1年的患者140例患者为观察组, 观察2组跌倒发生情况, 比较2组防范患者跌倒护理质量。结果 观察组2例患者退出研究。观察组发生跌倒8(5. 80%)例, 对照组发生跌倒20(14. 29%)例, 2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组组织管理、措施落实、设备环境及宣教反馈评分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 PDCA循环式预见性护理能有效降低长期住院老年精神科患者跌倒风险, 提高护理质量。)

The homeostasis of vascular endothelium is crucial for cardiovascular health and endothelial cell (EC) aging and dysfunction could negatively impact vascular function. Leveraging transcriptome profiles from ECs subjected to various stimuli, including time-series data obtained from ECs under physiological pulsatile flow vs. pathophysiological oscillatory flow, we performed principal component analysis (PCA) to identify key genes contributing to divergent transcriptional states of ECs. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified that a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RAMP2-AS1 encoded on the antisense of RAMP2, a determinant of endothelial homeostasis and vascular integrity, is a novel regulator essential for EC homeostasis and function. Knockdown of RAMP2-AS1 suppressed RAMP2 expression and caused EC functional changes promoting aging, including impaired angiogenesis and increased senescence. Our study demonstrates an integrative approach to quantifying EC aging based on transcriptome changes, which also identified a number of novel regulators, including protein-coding genes and many lncRNAs involved EC functional modulation, exemplified by RAMP2-AS1.

Chromatin-associated RNA (caRNA) has been proposed as a type of epigenomic modifier. Here, we test whether environmental stress can induce cellular dysfunction through modulating RNA-chromatin interactions. We induce endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction with high glucose and TNFα (H + T), that mimic the common stress in diabetes mellitus. We characterize the H + T-induced changes in gene expression by single cell (sc)RNA-seq, DNA interactions by Hi-C, and RNA-chromatin interactions by iMARGI. H + T induce inter-chromosomal RNA-chromatin interactions, particularly among the super enhancers. To test the causal relationship between H + T-induced RNA-chromatin interactions and the expression of EC dysfunction-related genes, we suppress the LINC00607 RNA. This suppression attenuates the expression of SERPINE1, a critical pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene. Furthermore, the changes of the co-expression gene network between diabetic and healthy donor-derived ECs corroborate the H + T-induced RNA-chromatin interactions. Taken together, caRNA-mediated dysregulation of gene expression modulates EC dysfunction, a crucial mechanism underlying numerous diseases.

In the endeavor to mimic natural light‐harvesting systems (LHSs), a persistent challenge has been the tendency of synthetic materials to adopt spherical architectures rather than the desired multitubular structures found in nature. In this study, a novel carboxylbetaine‐type zwitterionic surfactant with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties is designed. By coassembling with anionic surfactants, multiwalled tubules comprising bilayer membranes ≈5 nm thick are successfully constructed. With AIE fluorophores densely packed at the center, their AIE properties are triggered to serve as an efficient antenna for light harvesting and energy transfer. This facilitated high antenna effects via energy transfer from cyan fluorescent donor to yellow fluorescent acceptor and then to red fluorescent acceptor. Additionally, the emission color can be adjusted from blue to red by manipulating the donor/acceptor/acceptor ratio, with pure white‐light emission achievable at specific ratios. This achievement not only realizes the construction of efficient sequential LHSs but also offers inspiration for the future design of artificial multitubular systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel approach was proposed to enhance the microviscosity sensitivity of molecular rotor probes by integrating flexible rotators and expanded molecular frameworks, addressing the crucial challenge of weakening microviscosity sensitivity in dilute solutions of macromolecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recent studies have suggested that adverse events associated with lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] might be modified by low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) or high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) levels, but whether LDL‐C and hs‐CRP jointly mediate the outcome of Lp(a) remains unknown in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods and Results: A prospective study was conducted, enrolling consecutive 10 724 patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 2013. The endpoint event was all‐cause death. A total of 10 000 patients with complete baseline data were finally included. During a median follow‐up of 5.1 years, Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dL was an independent risk factor of all‐cause death in the overall population, LDL‐C ≥ 70 mg/dL, and hs‐CRP ≥ 2 mg/L population, respectively. According to concurrent LDL‐C (70 mg/dL) and hs‐CRP (2 mg/L) levels, further analysis revealed that when LDL‐C < 70 mg/dL regardless of hs‐CRP levels, Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dL was not an independent predictor of all‐cause death. However, when LDL‐C ≥ 70 mg/dL, Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dL was independently associated with a higher risk of all‐cause death in hs‐CRP ≥ 2 mg/L (HR: 1.488, 95% CI: 1.059‒2.092), but not in hs‐CRP < 2 mg/L (HR: 1.303, 95% CI: 0.914‒1.856). Conclusion: Among PCI patients, Lp(a)‐associated outcome was jointly affected by LDL‐C and hs‐CRP. As long as LDL‐C is well controlled, the adverse effects of increased Lp(a) on cardiovascular risk seem to be weakened, and only when LDL‐C and hs‐CRP increase at the same time, elevated Lp(a) is associated with poorer long‐term outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impaired angiogenesis in diabetes is a key process contributing to ischemic diseases such as peripheral arterial disease. Epigenetic mechanisms, including those mediated by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are crucial links connecting diabetes and the related chronic tissue ischemia. Here we identify the lncRNA that enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (LEENE) as a regulator of angiogenesis and ischemic response. LEENE expression was decreased in diabetic conditions in cultured endothelial cells (ECs), mouse hind limb muscles, and human arteries. Inhibition of LEENE in human microvascular ECs reduced their angiogenic capacity with a dysregulated angiogenic gene program. Diabetic mice deficient in Leene demonstrated impaired angiogenesis and perfusion following hind limb ischemia. Importantly, overexpression of human LEENE rescued the impaired ischemic response in Leene-knockout mice at tissue functional and single-cell transcriptomic levels. Mechanistically, LEENE RNA promoted transcription of proangiogenic genes in ECs, such as KDR (encoding VEGFR2) and NOS3 (encoding eNOS), potentially by interacting with LEO1, a key component of the RNA polymerase Il-associated factor complex and MYC, a crucial transcription factor for angiogenesis. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an essential role for LEENE in the regulation of angiogenesis and tissue perfusion. Functional enhancement of LEENE to restore angiogenesis for tissue repair and regeneration may represent a potential strategy to tackle ischemic vascular diseases., Introduction Angiogenesis is a unique function of microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) that involves highly orchestrated interactions among growth factors, membrane receptors, and signaling molecules (1, 2). While physiological stimuli, e.g., [...]

Background: The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) are the commonly used biomarkers for insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, respectively. We aimed to investigate the combined association of TyG and hsCRP with the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Methods: A total of 9421 patients with CCS were included in this study. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of MACE covering all‐cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and revascularization. Results: During the 2‐year follow‐up period, 660 (7.0%) cases of MACE were recorded. Participants were divided equally into three groups according to TyG levels. Compared with the TyG T1 group, the risk of MACE was significantly higher in the TyG T3 group. It is noteworthy that among patients in the highest tertile of TyG, hsCRP >3 mg/L was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE, whereas the results were not significant in the medium to low TyG groups. When patients were divided into six groups according to hsCRP and TyG, the Cox regression analysis showed that patients in the TyG T3 and hsCRP >3 mg/L group had a significantly higher risk of MACE than those in the TyG T1 and hsCRP ≤3 mg/L group. However, no significant interaction was found between TyG and hsCRP on the risk of MACE. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the concurrent assessment of TyG and hsCRP may be valuable in identifying high‐risk populations and guiding management strategies among CCS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease remains inconsistent. Recent investigations indicated potential dysfunctionality of HDL under inflammation. This study endeavors to explore whether the inflammatory status modifies the effects of HDL-C and ApoA-I on cardiovascular risk in individuals with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients and Methods: Consecutive 10,724 PCI patients at Fuwai hospital in 2013 were enrolled. Inflammation status was defined by high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins (hsCRP) ≥ 2 mg/L. The study endpoint was cardiac mortality. Results: Among 9569 PCI patients eventually included, 225 (2.4%) cardiac mortality happened during 5 years. In hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L group, an U-shaped curve was observed for HDL-C and multivariate Cox regression showed that elevated risks of cardiac mortality correlated to both the lowest quintile (hazard ratio [HR], 2.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32– 4.71) and the highest quintile of HDL-C (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.23– 4.25). However, an L-shaped curve existed in ApoA-I, indicating only the lowest quintile level of ApoA-I was associated with an increased cardiac mortality risk (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.28– 3.75). Nevertheless, in hsCRP < 2 mg/L group, no significant correlations between HDL-C and ApoA-I and cardiac mortality risk were identified (both P > 0.05). Conclusion: In PCI patients with hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. both low and high HDL-C levels correlated with higher cardiac mortality risk (U-shaped), while only low ApoA-I levels were linked to elevated risk (L-shaped). However, in patients with hsCRP < 2 mg/L, neither HDL-C nor ApoA-I levels were associated with higher cardiac mortality risk. These findings shed light on the importance of considering inflammation status, particularly hsCRP levels, in managing HDL-C and ApoA-I levels, and suggest targeting elevated ApoA-I levels as a potential therapeutic approach for PCI patients with hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]