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Indonesia, as a country with a highly developed automotive sector, is ranked 2nd under Thailand in the number of 4-wheeled vehicle production. However, the high number of automotive industries in Indonesia has directly threatened the high number of vehicles classified as end-of-life vehicles (ELV). Until now, Indonesia has been unable to address the ELV problem adequately; all efforts have been made to reduce the number of vehicles that are not suitable for use in Indonesia, such as the implementation of periodic emission tests, euro 2 and euro 4. Still, this regulation has not received a positive response from the public. This study attempts to test the previously designed acceptance model, in which external and internal factors from within the individual are considered. The findings of this study provide an overview of the social acceptance model for new policies, indicating that the government must consider each factor before developing and implementing new regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Royal Town is a valuable treasure worthy of preservation. It is because Royal Town tourism encompasses the identity of heritage, traditional culture, tangible and intangible heritage. Royal Town tourism also preserves elements of monuments, artifacts, and historical buildings. This tourism is rapidly and experiencing positive effects through the tourism development in Malaysia. The Royal Town is a unique heritage that symbolizes a sovereign and traditional Malay country. The research aims to describe the scenario and character of the Royal Town as a heritage and tourism product in Malaysia. This study utilizes a review method of articles, referring to secondary data such as journal articles, seminars/conferences, relevant scientific books, and field research. The study results found that the nine Royal Towns in Malaysia have corresponding scenarios and characters, despite differing administrative structures in each state. The main products of the towns highlight their uniqueness, such as ownership of palaces, landscape design, galleries and archives, mosque architectural art, and other characteristics of the Royal Town. Therefore, to develop Royal Town as Royal tourism destinations, support from stakeholders, state leadership, and the community is crucial. It is not only necessary to introduce but also to visit, celebrate, and contribute to the success of Royal Town development as one of Malaysia's tourism products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic left a huge impact on people, not only on the way of life, socioeconomic structure, but also changed the landscape of human resource management in the public and private sectors. Various measures have been taken by the Malaysian government including the implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO) which controls and limits the movement of people as proposed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) including the order to close the operations of government offices and less interested sectors. Next, the Work from Home (BDR) policy was introduced to the public and private sectors. The objective of this study is to identify the effectiveness factors of BDR during the COVID-19 pandemic on Administrative and Diplomatic Officers (PTD) in the Public Service Department (JPA). The aforementioned factors will be evaluated based on the modified TAM Theory model. Data collection using a quantitative method on 187 respondents consisting of PTD Grades 41-44 at JPA. The results of the study show that the factors of BDR effectiveness during this pandemic are significant with all its constructs namely Individual Attitude, Technological Equipment, Time Management and Environment. However, only the Individual Attitude construct was found to have a significant relationship with the gender demographics of the respondents. In summary, this study provides information on aspects that are considered important by the majority of respondents in studying the effectiveness of a program (BDR). So, it is appropriate that these four factors be used as a basis in formulating the implementation policy related to BDR in the future to ensure the success and sustainability of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Culture is associated with the nation-building of a country. The influence of culture refers to elements of culture such as customs, values, attitudes, norms, and beliefs. Generally, culture is considered as a set of ways of life for a group of society or community. Kuala Kangsar Royal Town is known as a cultural town. The town is conceptualized as a Royal Town and a historical heritage town based on the existence of the Perak State Sultanate buildings around the town. With this, it is seen as a crucial asset in the nationbuilding. Therefore, this study aims to identify the representation of culture in Kuala Kangsar Royal Town as a factor in nation-building. The research method used secondary data with an analysis of journals, government reports, and structured interviews with stakeholders. The findings indicate that as an old Royal Town, Kuala Kangsar emphasizes and represents the characteristics of historical heritage in enhancing nation-building. From the perspective of cultural development in Kuala Kangsar, it presents a different form of culture compared to other Royal Towns in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Royal Town is rich in its own heritage history. Royal Town destinations that apply aesthetic values and long history have offered tourism products to fans of Royal Town values or known as tourist heritage. Tourism in the Royal Town in Malaysia is seen to be under -promoted on social media and electronic media. In fact, the Royal Town are also less prominent from the aspect of definition and heritage value found in the town. The concept of the Royal Town is unique, inherited and highlights the Royal elements are poorly documented and not recorded causing the role of the Royal Town as one of the tourist attractions in Malaysia is also left behind. Therefore, differences in terms of tourist patterns also cannot be identified and highlighted as long as tourists visit selected heritage destinations. This paper aims to examine the comparison of royalscape based on the segments of student, youth and family tourists in terms of the variety of visits to Kuala Kangsar. Convenience sampling technique was used by distributing questionnaires to 500 respondents consisting of student tourists, youth and families using descriptive analysis and One -Way Anova inferential analysis. The results show that there is a comparison in the visits of the tourist segment who visit the Royal Town of Kuala Kangsar. The seven royalscape in this study were visited by all tourist segments, Next there were differences in the manner of visits by the three tourist segments. In conclusion, this paper shows a comparison of the variety of visits by tourists based on segments. This study has limited limitations to look at comparisons based on the domestic tourist segment only and does not emphasize the variety of international tourist visits. However, the findings of this study provide space for further study by looking at the variety of international tourists in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A community or country can advance through a variety of progressive developments that include various facets of living linked to social and economic aspects. Hence, favorable developments from the socioeconomic perspectives need to be seen as providing a positive impact on the well-being of the community. A study was undertaken to examine the socioeconomic influences of the development of Kuala Lumpur on the residents of Kampung Baru, a community in the city. The quantitative study involved 375 respondents from a population of 18,372, the sample size being determined by the table of Krejcie & Morgan (1970). The data collected from the respondents in various parts of Kampung Baru were analyzed using SPSS software for descriptive frequencies and mean scores. The developmental effects were categorized according to economic and social indicators. The social indicators comprised four divisions, viz. infrastructure and social aspects, housing, security, and health, while the economic indicators were reflected by income and occupation. The findings of the study indicated that the development carried out in the Kuala Lumpur Territory had positive impacts, not only socially but also economically, on the residents of Kampung Baru. It is hoped that future developments impinging on Kampung Baru will continue to provide benefits to its residents. The implications of this study are important in the context of future developmental impacts on this community and the challenges it will face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A royal town serves to provide broad linkages to the history, geography and culture of a location. The specific characteristics of a royal town establish its identity and its uniqueness. Its principal attraction may lie in its exclusive character where the royal foundations embody elements of culture, history, architecture and esthetics. In this regard, the many royal towns of Malaysia reflect a heritage of traditional Malay sovereignty. Nonetheless, some of these towns are in danger of decline as a result of unbridled development and modernization. Kuala Kangsar is among the royal towns that have much to offer in terms of historical attractions. In spite of this, the assets of this town have yet to be fully availed as tourist attractions since systematic valuation of the resources has not been undertaken. It remains unclear how promotion of the royal town can be carried out. Nevertheless, a study to determine attractions for this royal town has identified seven Royalscapes that can serve to spearhead developments to popularize the royal town of Kuala Kangsar. Using the convenience sampling approach, 500 questionnaires were distributed to prospective visitors. The study results indicated that all the identified Royalscapes were rated fairly highly. The physical aspects of the town were deemed attractive to tourists, with 75.0% expressing a desire to visit. Rated even higher at 80.0% were five destinations deemed representative of the esthetics of the royal town. It can be concluded, therefore, that the Royalscapes serve effectively as drivers of tourism for the royal town of Kuala Kangsar. This study shows how the Kuala Kangsar area has the potential to draw both domestic and foreign tourists in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern technology is used in the cultivation of oil palm which is a commodity crop for Malaysia such as oil palm trees such as seed production, fertilizer, use of machinery, and others. With this, oil palm productivity can be improved and at the same time the country's oil palm yield achieves high quality. The purpose of this study is to identify the perception of the use of modern technology in oil palm plantations. The research method uses the quantitative method of correlation by collecting respondents of specific oil palm plantations that is a total of 167 respondents required. All respondents in this study are smallholders of oil palm, both male and female because this study focuses on their perceptions on the use of modern technology in oil palm plantations. To identify the perception of the use of modern technology in oil palm plantations is divided into two components, namely the components of efficiency and innovation. The findings of this study found that the mean for the innovation component is 4.24 which shows the perception for the application of technology such as the use of bulldozers to facilitate digging soil and push oil palm trees. Modern technology greatly influences the use of modern technology in oil palm plantations. The study also found that the total mean for the efficiency component is 4.24 which shows that the perception of smallholders on this component is modern technology benefiting oil palm farmers by facilitating their work and also increasing oil palm productivity. In conclusion, the perception of smallholders on the use of modern technology is more positive where it can increase income and improve lives. Nevertheless, the views put forward need to be put into practice in the lives of whether oil palm smallholders apply this technology in carrying out this endeavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ease of transportation and a good network of roads are indispensible assets that increase accesibility. Such infrastructure creates a huge impact on how goods and people move smoothly across the social and economic landscape. Nonetheless, our transportation services are still bedevilled by unending issues such as non-uniform costs, unsatisfactory quality of service, overcrowding, and unreliable travel time tables of public transport. There is also the issue of safety arising from activities of illegal transport operators that are not licensed to ferry passengers. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of public transport in Section 5, Bandar Baru Bangi. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach that involved 132 respondents from among residents in the housing area of Taman Tenaga located in Section 5, Bandar Baru Bangi. This study found, on the whole, that public land transportation in Section 5, Bandar Baru Bangi was good and the service provided was satisfactory. The transportation infrastructure was adequately maintained and fuctional for use by the public. Nevertheless, the study found that there was a need for transport operators to implement systematic strategies not only to maintain standards, but also to further raise the level of the service. Continued usage of such transportation would be tied to the trust that users have in the reliability of the service provided, and this can only come with its continual improvement. We hope this study would help express bus operators enhance service quality in terms of comfort and safety to passengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this era of globalization, the enormous impact of technological advancement pervades almost every stratum of human activity, especially where there is an involvement in data processing. Every sphere of work, whether in the public or commercial sector, faces its unique challenges in moving forward. In this regard, competency in information and communication technology (ICT) is a requisite skill that employees have to acquire in order to work efficiently. Those who lack such skills are not able to exploit the use of ICT to improve work performance. The elevation of work efficiency through ICT competency needs to be emphasized. This study was aimed at examining how mastery of ICT might influence the performance of clerical workers. A quantitative approach was adopted in the study which involved 200 respondents who participated in a questionnaire survey. Following a statistical descriptive analysis of the data collected, it was found that competency in the use of ICT instrumentation (hardware) was the area that clerical staff were most adapt at. This aspect achieved the highest mean score of 4.4. The use of ICT instrumentation eased the workload of the clerical staff, whether in preparing and sending documents or in having documentation vetted and authorized by their superior officers. The findings of this study would create an awareness of the current status of ICT competencies and the areas where the mastery of such competencies might raise the efficiency level of clerical staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present era of globalization, much vaunted technology has been developed that allows easy access to information via a range of online media, one of the most popular of which is social media. This is a digital channel of communication that allows the sharing of information, instantaneous two-way interaction and rapid messaging. It is a communication platform much welcomed by its many users. Social media applications installed on smartphones are especially attractive to youths in Malaysia to the extent that unabated use has led to addiction with undesired effects on their lifestyles. As such, the objective of this study was to investigate the principal factors leading to Malaysian youths' addiction to social media and how their lifestyles had been affected. A quantitative approach was adopted in this study with questionnaires distributed to 82 respondents from Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia France Institute (UniKLMFI). The respondents were aged 19 to 35, the focus of this study being on youths. The study results showed that the factors responsible for youth addiction to social media were excessive use of the Internet, frequent use of electronic communication gadgets, having a wide social network, reliance on social media for information, usage of social media for entertainment such as online games, and reliance on social media for communication. The most important factor associated with social media addiction was Internet use which attained a score of (M=4.64), identifying the Internet as the underlying link to addiction. The indirect effects of such addiction affected the lifestyles of the youth in terms of their activities, interests, thinking and the time allotted to such activities in their daily lives. Hence, the problem of social media addiction is a matter of urgency that must be addressed by all stakeholders before it causes irreparable harm to the future of youths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criminal factors contributing community to choice in gated community and guarded housing are a string of increasing burglary, robbery and theft cases today. As a result of the increase population growth rate nowadays invites the occurrence of urbanization in urban areas. The increasing of population is capable of disrupting the deteriorating quality of life of the people in urban areas due to the limited employment opportunities available to them. As a result, robberies and burglary often occur in residential areas in the city. This study will focus on community selection of gated community and guarded housing due to crime as well as stairwells or other reasons. This study was conducted in the Johor Bahru area by providing questionnaire instruments to selected respondents who live in gated community and guarded housing areas. The results of this study found that the community's choice of gated community and guarded housing is to obtain security as well as the pillars or neighbours of the social conditions of the housing area that provide comfort to them to inhabit this gated community and guarded housing area. This gated community housing development contributes well in terms of security and comfort to the community. In addition, it facilitates the authorities in carrying out their duties due to the assistance and cooperation from the neighbouring pillars of this gated community and guarded housing area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social innovation is a driver for change and a solution for social challenges. Literature review shows the difficulties in defining, identifying and measuring social innovation especially in rural community development. However, given the emerging social innovation in rural communities, this article aims to measure social innovation based on the University Ambassador Program (UAP). This program is one of the successful programs under the National Transformation and Blue Ocean Strategy. The program aims to improve people's living standards through several useful programs. It involves youths elected from among rural university students with the characteristics of student leaders who are concerned with the local community. The findings are obtained by interviewing 20 respondents involved with UAP in depth. SWOT analysis is used to identify the impact of university ambassadors in the context of social innovation towards the development of rural communities in Malaysia. Social innovation is an approach to meet the needs of the community through the creation of new methods, products, services and means. The context of social innovation assessment is through the three main elements of education, economy and social. The findings show that UAP needs to be strengthened in the context of the skills and knowledge of ambassadors or students in delivering information to rural communities, in order to benefit effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the benefits of involvement in e-sports for youths. It is well known that youths are the most involved in the e-sports industry worldwide. This large number of youth involvement is necessarily driven by a number of contributing factors such as hobby, peer pressure and the prize money itself. In addition, this article also focuses on the types of benefits that youths receive from their involvement in e-sports. A quantitative approach which is the method of questionnaire survey was used to obtain the data. Purposive sampling was used with specific features of respondents such as the youths around the age of 18-30, actively involved in e-sports and representing a club. A survey using google form was distributed to the youths at the Asia Pacific University and the National University of Malaysia Bangi campus. The study found that there is an internal factor such as the passion towards video games and external factors such as peer groups influence, parents' supports, prize money and career potential. On the other hand, the benefits they have gained are building a professional career, improved communication skills and other soft skills. Hence, it can be concluded that through e-sports these youths can improve their social skills. More importantly, they can do what they love, and get paid for their interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citizen participation is a much contested and conflicting term, whereby the general consensus highlighted its value for a democratic society. However, various complex issues regarding its understanding and implementation from power holders and citizens alike are abundant in practice. Therefore, this paper aims to make sense of the issues of citizen participation from the perspective of different stakeholders, such as power holders and have-not citizens. Purposive sampling on 45 informants was utilized in this study to facilitate a qualitative research design using in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, open and axial coding allowed the formation of themes regarding the understanding on the specific phenomenon of citizen participation in city programs conducted by the local authorities of the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The themes that surfaced as issues included the dependency on government resources, mismatch of interest, organized and collective citizen force, and life cycle approach and realistic volunteerism. This study contributed to the enrichment of knowledge on citizen participation issues, clarifying for citizens and power holders alike in fostering genuine participation that truly benefited all. Additionally, it underlined findings fundamental for further academic quantitative participation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of technology-driven media in teaching and learning is very important in meeting the current needs of the nation in education. This paradigm shift is expected to generate a huge impact on education, especially in public institutes of higher learning where such media technology is regarded as indispensable to both instructors and students. This development has imposed a requisite on educationists to master information technology and to use media technology in teaching and learning. In view of the importance and ubiquity of technology media, this study was undertaken to identify the media technology used to enhance teaching and learning. Primary data in this study was obtained from a questionnaire and from observations in the field. This process of data collection involved a quantitative approach where questionnaires were distributed to a random sampling of respondents. The findings of this study would help educationists and students identify the essentials in technology media required to explore, master and deepen their knowledge systematically. The application of technology media is very important in the education process because it serves as a catalyst to enhance teaching and learning in a sustainable manner. Improvements in the quality of education is essential to the development of a competent workforce based on knowledgeable human capital that would help Malaysia achieve the status of a competitive developed nation. Hence, by applying appropriate technology-driven media in teaching and learning, the nation would enjoy a higher standard of education in addition to other socio-economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various elements of security are requisite for crime prevention in gated housing communities. To establish a sustainable secure housing area in the context of the Smart City, initial planning needs to take into consideration both the physical security and social wellbeing of the community. In this paper, the development of a gated housing community in a guarded neighbourhood is taken as a 'best practice' example of an urban setting where residents experience a level of security in keeping with the precepts of Smart Living. Various issues arise frequently in the development of gated communities and guarded neighbourhoods; these may involve guardhouses, the design and height of fences, physical barriers and security needs. Many gated and guarded community housing developments have yet to adhere fully to the basic principles of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) in their planning of physical security. This article seeks to identify the principal measures in crime prevention in relation to housing development in the context of the Smart City while adhering to the elements of CPTED for Smart Living. The broad adoption of CPTED strategies in planning sustainable housing and surroundings are aimed at providing better quality of living in the Smart City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) is among the primary agendas of the Malaysian government to raise the national economy and to transform its populace to be more technologically oriented. The rapid expansion of ICT in the process of rural development is evident both locally and globally. In line with national aspirations, the government addressed the challenge of ICT through a programme in which telecentres were set up in rural communities. The cyberworld was introduced to the countryside through telecentres which offered online facilities, world exposure and learning to the rural population with the aim of narrowing the digital gap between the rural and the urban folk. Studies have shown that urbanisation of rural areas through the setting up of telecentres produces a positive impact; there is holistic development that nurtures a technology-savvy generation. Hence, this study examines the impact of the telecentre programme on the development of rural areas through the implementation of Smart ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]