Search

Your search keyword '"T. Stora"' showing total 78 results
Start Over Author "T. Stora"
78 results on '"T. Stora"'

1. Axial and triaxial degrees of freedom in 72Zn

Author

S. Hellgartner, D. Mücher, K. Wimmer, V. Bildstein, J.L. Egido, R. Gernhäuser, R. Krücken, A.K. Nowak, M. Zielińska, C. Bauer, M.L.L. Benito, S. Bottoni, H. De Witte, J. Elseviers, D. Fedorov, F. Flavigny, A. Illana, M. Klintefjord, T. Kröll, R. Lutter, B. Marsh, R. Orlandi, J. Pakarinen, R. Raabe, E. Rapisarda, S. Reichert, P. Reiter, M. Scheck, M. Seidlitz, B. Siebeck, E. Siesling, T. Steinbach, T. Stora, M. Vermeulen, D. Voulot, N. Warr, and F.J.C. Wenander

Subjects
Multiple Coulomb excitation, 72Zn, N=40 sub-shell closure, Triaxiality, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The unstable N=42 nucleus 72Zn has been studied using multiple safe Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The experiment was performed at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN making first use of the silicon detector array C-REX in combination with the γ-ray spectrometer Miniball. The high angular coverage of C-REX allowed to determine the reduced transition strengths for the decay of the yrast 01+, 21+ and 41+ as well as of the 02+ and 22+ states in 72Zn. The quadrupole moments of the 21+, 41+ and 22+ states were extracted. Using model independent quadrupole invariants, the ground state of 72Zn was found to have an average deformation in the γ degree of freedom close to maximum triaxiality. In comparison to experimental data in zinc isotopes with N

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. High-resolution and low-background $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho spectrum: interpretation of the resonance tails

Author

C. Velte, F. Ahrens, A. Barth, K. Blaum, M. Braß, M. Door, H. Dorrer, Ch. E. Düllmann, S. Eliseev, C. Enss, P. Filianin, A. Fleischmann, L. Gastaldo, A. Goeggelmann, T. Day Goodacre, M. W. Haverkort, D. Hengstler, J. Jochum, K. Johnston, M. Keller, S. Kempf, T. Kieck, C. M. König, U. Köster, K. Kromer, F. Mantegazzini, B. Marsh, Yu. N. Novikov, F. Piquemal, C. Riccio, D. Richter, A. Rischka, S. Rothe, R. X. Schüssler, Ch. Schweiger, T. Stora, M. Wegner, K. Wendt, M. Zampaolo, and K. Zuber

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The determination of the effective electron neutrino mass via kinematic analysis of beta and electron capture spectra is considered to be model-independent since it relies on energy and momentum conservation. At the same time the precise description of the expected spectrum goes beyond the simple phase space term. In particular for electron capture processes, many-body electron-electron interactions lead to additional structures besides the main resonances in calorimetrically measured spectra. A precise description of the $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho spectrum is fundamental for understanding the impact of low intensity structures at the endpoint region where a finite neutrino mass affects the shape most strongly. We present a low-background and high-energy resolution measurement of the $$^{163}$$ 163 Ho spectrum obtained in the framework of the ECHo experiment. We study the line shape of the main resonances and multiplets with intensities spanning three orders of magnitude. We discuss the need to introduce an asymmetric line shape contribution due to Auger–Meitner decay of states above the auto-ionisation threshold. With this we determine an enhancement of count rate at the endpoint region of about a factor of 2, which in turn leads to an equal reduction in the required exposure of the experiment to achieve a given sensitivity on the effective electron neutrino mass.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Investigation of the Δn = 0 selection rule in Gamow-Teller transitions: The β-decay of 207Hg

Author

T.A. Berry, Zs. Podolyák, R.J. Carroll, R. Lică, H. Grawe, N.K. Timofeyuk, T. Alexander, A.N. Andreyev, S. Ansari, M.J.G. Borge, J. Creswell, C. Fahlander, L.M. Fraile, H.O.U. Fynbo, W. Gelletly, R.-B. Gerst, M. Górska, A. Gredley, P. Greenlees, L.J. Harkness-Brennan, M. Huyse, S.M. Judge, D.S. Judson, J. Konki, J. Kurcewicz, I. Kuti, S. Lalkovski, I. Lazarus, M. Lund, M. Madurga, N. Mărginean, R. Mărginean, I. Marroquin, C. Mihai, R.E. Mihai, E. Nácher, S. Nae, A. Negret, C. Niţă, R.D. Page, S. Pascu, Z. Patel, A. Perea, V. Pucknell, P. Rahkila, E. Rapisarda, P.H. Regan, F. Rotaru, C.M. Shand, E.C. Simpson, Ch. Sotty, S. Stegemann, T. Stora, O. Tengblad, A. Turturica, P. Van Duppen, V. Vedia, R. Wadsworth, P.M. Walker, N. Warr, F. Wearing, and H. De Witte

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Gamow-Teller β decay is forbidden if the number of nodes in the radial wave functions of the initial and final states is different. This Δn=0 requirement plays a major role in the β decay of heavy neutron-rich nuclei, affecting the nucleosynthesis through the increased half-lives of nuclei on the astrophysical r-process pathway below both Z=50 (for N>82) and Z=82 (for N>126). The level of forbiddenness of the Δn=1ν1g9/2→π0g7/2 transition has been investigated from the β− decay of the ground state of 207Hg into the single-proton-hole nucleus 207Tl in an experiment at the ISOLDE Decay Station. From statistical observational limits on possible γ-ray transitions depopulating the π0g7/2−1 state in 207Tl, an upper limit of 3.9×10−3% was obtained for the probability of this decay, corresponding to log⁡ft>8.8 within a 95% confidence limit. This is the most stringent test of the Δn=0 selection rule to date.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Publisher’s Note: High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 16, 021002 (2013)]

Author

T. R. Edgecock, O. Caretta, T. Davenne, C. Densam, M. Fitton, D. Kelliher, P. Loveridge, S. Machida, C. Prior, C. Rogers, M. Rooney, J. Thomason, D. Wilcox, E. Wildner, I. Efthymiopoulos, R. Garoby, S. Gilardoni, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, M. Martini, J. Osborne, G. Prior, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, C. Waaijer, P. Cupial, A. Chance, A. Longhin, J. Payet, M. Zito, E. Baussan, C. Bobeth, E. Bouquerel, M. Dracos, G. Gaudiot, B. Lepers, F. Osswald, P. Poussot, N. Vassilopoulos, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, J. Bielski, M. Kozien, L. Lacny, B. Skoczen, B. Szybinski, A. Ustrzycka, A. Wroblewski, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophine, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Laveder, M. Mazzocco, M. Mezzetto, C. Signorini, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, P. Migliozzi, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, D. Berkovits, M. Hass, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Schaumann, A. Stahl, J. Wehner, A. Bross, J. Kopp, D. Neuffer, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, P. Soler, S. K. Agarwalla, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Donini, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gomez Cadenas, P. Hernandez, J. Martin-Albo, O. Mena, J. Burguet-Castell, L. Agostino, M. Buizza-Avanzini, M. Marafini, T. Patzak, A. Tonazzo, D. Duchesneau, L. Mosca, M. Bogomilov, Y. Karadzhov, R. Matev, R. Tsenov, E. Akhmedov, M. Blennow, M. Lindner, T. Schwetz, E. Fernandez Martinez, M. Maltoni, J. Menendez, C. Giunti, M. C. Gonzalez Garcia, J. Salvado, P. Coloma, P. Huber, T. Li, J. Lopez Pavon, C. Orme, S. Pascoli, D. Meloni, J. Tang, W. Winter, T. Ohlsson, H. Zhang, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Terranova, M. Bonesini, L. Tortora, A. Alekou, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bontoiu, A. Kurup, L. J. Jenner, K. Long, J. Pasternak, J. Pozimski, J. J. Back, P. Harrison, K. Beard, A. Bogacz, J. S. Berg, D. Stratakis, H. Witte, P. Snopok, N. Bliss, M. Cordwell, A. Moss, S. Pattalwar, and M. Apollonio

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Design of a neutrino source based on beta beams

Author

E. Wildner, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, E. Bouquerel, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophime, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, A. Chancé, J. Payet, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Mezzetto, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, M. Mazzocco, C. Signorini, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Hass, D. Berkovits, A. Stahl, M. Schaumann, and J. Wehner

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

“Beta beams” produce collimated pure electron (anti)neutrino beams by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a racetrack shaped storage ring of 7 km circumference, the decay ring. EUROnu beta beams are based on CERN infrastructures and existing machines. Using existing machines may be an advantage for the cost evaluation, but will also constrain the physics performance. The isotope pair of choice for the beta beam is ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne. However, before the EUROnu studies one of the required isotopes, ^{18}Ne, could not be produced in rates that satisfy the needs for physics of the beta beam. Therefore, studies of alternative beta emitters, ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, with properties interesting for a beta beam have been proposed and have been studied within EUROnu. These alternative isotopes could be produced by using a small storage ring, in which the beam traverses a target, creating the ^{8}Li and ^{8}B isotopes. This production ring, the injection linac and the target system have been evaluated. Measurements of the cross section of the reactions to produce the beta beam isotopes show interesting results. A device to collect the produced isotopes from the target has been developed and tested. However, the yields of ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, using the production ring for production of ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, is not yet, according to simulations, giving the rates of isotopes that would be needed. Therefore, a new method of producing the ^{18}Ne isotope has been developed and tested giving good production rates. A 60 GHz ECRIS prototype, the first in the world, was developed and tested for ion production with contributions from EUROnu. The decay ring lattices for the ^{8}Li and ^{8}B have been developed and the lattice for ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne has been optimized to ensure the high intensity ion beam stability.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe

Author

T. R. Edgecock, O. Caretta, T. Davenne, C. Densam, M. Fitton, D. Kelliher, P. Loveridge, S. Machida, C. Prior, C. Rogers, M. Rooney, J. Thomason, D. Wilcox, E. Wildner, I. Efthymiopoulos, R. Garoby, S. Gilardoni, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, M. Martini, J. Osborne, G. Prior, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, C. Waaijer, P. Cupial, A. Chancé, A. Longhin, J. Payet, M. Zito, E. Baussan, C. Bobeth, E. Bouquerel, M. Dracos, G. Gaudiot, B. Lepers, F. Osswald, P. Poussot, N. Vassilopoulos, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, J. Bielski, M. Kozien, L. Lacny, B. Skoczen, B. Szybinski, A. Ustrzycka, A. Wroblewski, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophine, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Laveder, M. Mazzocco, M. Mezzetto, C. Signorini, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, P. Migliozzi, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, D. Berkovits, M. Hass, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Schaumann, A. Stahl, J. Wehner, A. Bross, J. Kopp, D. Neuffer, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, P. Soler, S. K. Agarwalla, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Donini, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, P. Hernández, J. Martín-Albo, O. Mena, J. Burguet-Castell, L. Agostino, M. Buizza-Avanzini, M. Marafini, T. Patzak, A. Tonazzo, D. Duchesneau, L. Mosca, M. Bogomilov, Y. Karadzhov, R. Matev, R. Tsenov, E. Akhmedov, M. Blennow, M. Lindner, T. Schwetz, E. Fernández Martinez, M. Maltoni, J. Menéndez, C. Giunti, M. C. González García, J. Salvado, P. Coloma, P. Huber, T. Li, J. López Pavón, C. Orme, S. Pascoli, D. Meloni, J. Tang, W. Winter, T. Ohlsson, H. Zhang, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Terranova, M. Bonesini, L. Tortora, A. Alekou, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bontoiu, A. Kurup, L. J. Jenner, K. Long, J. Pasternak, J. Pozimski, J. J. Back, P. Harrison, K. Beard, A. Bogacz, J. S. Berg, D. Stratakis, H. Witte, P. Snopok, N. Bliss, M. Cordwell, A. Moss, S. Pattalwar, and M. Apollonio

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The EUROnu project has studied three possible options for future, high intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe. The first is a Super Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of pions created by bombarding targets with a 4 MW proton beam from the CERN High Power Superconducting Proton Linac. The far detector for this facility is the 500 kt MEMPHYS water Cherenkov, located in the Fréjus tunnel. The second facility is the Neutrino Factory, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of μ^{+} and μ^{-} beams in a storage ring. The far detector in this case is a 100 kt magnetized iron neutrino detector at a baseline of 2000 km. The third option is a Beta Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of beta emitting isotopes, in particular ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne, also stored in a ring. The far detector is also the MEMPHYS detector in the Fréjus tunnel. EUROnu has undertaken conceptual designs of these facilities and studied the performance of the detectors. Based on this, it has determined the physics reach of each facility, in particular for the measurement of CP violation in the lepton sector, and estimated the cost of construction. These have demonstrated that the best facility to build is the Neutrino Factory. However, if a powerful proton driver is constructed for another purpose or if the MEMPHYS detector is built for astroparticle physics, the Super Beam also becomes very attractive.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Axial and triaxial degrees of freedom in $^{72}$Zn

Author

S. Hellgartner, D. Mücher, K. Wimmer, V. Bildstein, J.L. Egido, R. Gernhäuser, R. Krücken, A.K. Nowak, M. Zielińska, C. Bauer, M.L.L. Benito, S. Bottoni, H. De Witte, J. Elseviers, D. Fedorov, F. Flavigny, A. Illana, M. Klintefjord, T. Kröll, R. Lutter, B. Marsh, R. Orlandi, J. Pakarinen, R. Raabe, E. Rapisarda, S. Reichert, P. Reiter, M. Scheck, M. Seidlitz, B. Siebeck, E. Siesling, T. Steinbach, T. Stora, M. Vermeulen, D. Voulot, N. Warr, F.J.C. Wenander, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Triaxiality, Molecular, Atomic, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear Physics - Theory, Zn, Nuclear, Multiple Coulomb excitation, sub-shell closure, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The unstable N=42 nucleus 72Zn has been studied using multiple safe Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The experiment was performed at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN making first use of the silicon detector array C-REX in combination with the γ-ray spectrometer Miniball. The high angular coverage of C-REX allowed to determine the reduced transition strengths for the decay of the yrast 01+, 21+ and 41+ as well as of the 02+ and 22+ states in 72Zn. The quadrupole moments of the 21+, 41+ and 22+ states were extracted. Using model independent quadrupole invariants, the ground state of 72Zn was found to have an average deformation in the γ degree of freedom close to maximum triaxiality. In comparison to experimental data in zinc isotopes with N<40, the collectivity of the 41+ state in neutron-rich 72Zn is significantly larger, indicating a collective yrast band based on the ground state of 72Zn. In contrast, a low experimental B(E2;02+→21+) strength was determined, indicating a different structure for the 02+ state. Shell-model calculations propose a 02+ state featuring a larger fraction of the (spherical) N=40 closed-shell configuration in its wave function than for the 01+ ground state. The results were also compared with beyond mean field calculations which corroborate the large deformation in the γ degree of freedom, while pointing to a more deformed 02+ state. These experimental and theoretical findings establish the importance of the γ degree of freedom in the ground state of 72Zn, located between the 68,70Ni nuclei that have spherical ground states, and 76Ge, which has a rigid triaxial shape.

Published
2023

8. Half-life determination of

Author

S M, Collins, A P, Robinson, P, Ivanov, U, Köster, T E, Cocolios, B, Russell, B, Webster, A J, Fenwick, C, Duchemin, J P, Ramos, E, Chevallay, U, Jakobsson, S, Stegemann, P H, Regan, and T, Stora

Subjects
Radioisotopes, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Spectrometry, Gamma, Nuclear Medicine, Half-Life
Abstract

Terbium-155 has been identified for its potential for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in nuclear medicine. For activity measurements, an accurate and precise half-life of this radionuclide is required. However, the currently evaluated half-life of 5.32(6) d with a relative standard uncertainty of 1.1% determines the precision possible. Limited literature for the half-life measurements of this radionuclide is available and all reported investigations are prior to 1970. Further measurements are therefore needed to confirm the accuracy and improve the precision of the half-life for its use in the clinical setting. Two samples produced and mass separated at the CERN-MEDICIS facility have been measured at the National Physical Laboratory by two independent techniques: liquid scintillation counting and high-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry. A half-life of 5.2346(36) d has been determined from the weighted mean of the half-lives determined by the two techniques. The half-life reported in this work has shown a relative difference of 1.6% to the currently evaluated half-life and has vastly improved the precision.

Published
2022

9. A concept for the extraction of the most refractory elements at CERN-ISOLDE as carbonyl complex ions

Author

J. Ballof, K. Chrysalidis, Ch. E. Düllmann, V. Fedosseev, E. Granados, D. Leimbach, B. A. Marsh, J. P. Ramos, A. Ringvall-Moberg, S. Rothe, T. Stora, S. G. Wilkins, and A. Yakushev

Subjects
spectroscopy, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), dissociation, mo, online separation, discharge, hexacarbonyls, ionization, fission, beams, ddc:530, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, isotopes
Abstract

The European physical journal / A 58(5), 94 (2022). doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-022-00739-1, Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Be7(n,p)Li7 Reaction and the Cosmological Lithium Problem: Measurement of the Cross Section in a Wide Energy Range at n_TOF at CERN

Author

Ralf Nolte, E. Griesmayer, L. A. Damone, T. Stora, G. Cortes, J. Lerendegui-Marco, G. Bellia, I. Duran, J. Balibrea-Correa, G. Tagliente, Alexandru Negret, A. Mengoni, I. F. Gonçalves, A. S. Brown, A. Kalamara, Juliana Schell, N. V. Sosnin, Annamaria Mazzone, A. Kimura, Srinivasan Ganesan, A. García-Rios, F. Gunsing, B. Fernández-Domínguez, F. Käppeler, P. J. Woods, Petar Žugec, Rene Reifarth, V. Bécares, S. Heinitz, Cristian Massimi, Ignacio Porras, N. Patronis, A. K. Saxena, Arnaud Ferrari, A. Casanovas, P. M. Milazzo, P. Vaz, Javier Praena, S. Lo Meo, F. Bečvář, Stefan Schmidt, E. Jericha, S. Valenta, M. Bacak, C. Wolf, E. Mendoza, Paolo Finocchiaro, Dorothea Schumann, C. Weiß, Marco Calviani, Cortés-Giraldo, J. M. Quesada, L. Tassan-Got, J. A. Ryan, Peter Schillebeeckx, R. Vlastou, D. Radeck, G. Vannini, A. G. Smith, T.D. Goodacre, M. Mirea, C. Rubbia, A. Stamatopoulos, D. Cano-Ott, A.P. Bernardes, Hideo Harada, M. Brugger, J. Billowes, E. Berthoumieux, M. Mastromarco, M. Diakaki, Sergio Cristallo, C. Seiffert, M. Ayranov, F. Cerutti, D. Bosnar, C. Beinrucker, Massimo Barbagallo, M. Caamaño, E. Leal-Cidoncha, F. Calviño, Simone Gilardoni, T. Glodariu, Roberto Losito, H. Leeb, Maurizio Busso, Anton Wallner, A. Oprea, J. Andrzejewski, A. Gawlik, T. J. Wright, S. Altstadt, R. Cardella, S. Warren, M. Piscopo, Thomas Rauscher, Ariel Tarifeño-Saldivia, S. J. Lonsdale, Y. Kadi, J. Perkowski, Emilio Andrea Maugeri, Rugard Dressler, V. Variale, J. Marganiec, M. Kokkoris, A. Musumarra, A. Dorsival, A. Pavlik, Tatsuya Katabuchi, A. Ventura, Kathrin Göbel, E. González-Romero, A. Masi, A. Tsinganis, Luciano Piersanti, Tanja Heftrich, C. Domingo-Pardo, D. G. Jenkins, A. Riego-Perez, Jan Heyse, Vasilis Vlachoudis, Pedro G. Ferreira, Mario Weigand, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, B. Marsh, L. Audouin, J.G. Martins Correia, P. C. Rout, F. Mingrone, S. Rothe, M. Dietz, L. Cosentino, A. J. M. Plompen, Claudia Lederer-Woods, W.I. Furman, Deniz Kurtulgil, P. V. Sedyshev, E. Dupont, M.J.G. Borge, D. M. Castelluccio, D. Macina, Carlos Guerrero, E. Chiaveri, P. F. Mastinu, K. Rajeev, N. Colonna, Francesca Matteucci, Y. H. Chen, Karl Johnston, M. Krtička, J. Ballof, T. Martinez, O. Aberle, J. L. Tain, U. Kohester, Niko Kivel, R. Catherall, and P. Kavrigin

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Neutron temperature, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Nucleosynthesis, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Lithium, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We report on the measurement of the $^{7}$Be($n, p$)$^{7}$Li cross section from thermal to approximately 325 keV neutron energy, performed in the high-flux experimental area (EAR2) of the n\_TOF facility at CERN. This reaction plays a key role in the lithium yield of the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) for standard cosmology. The only two previous time-of-flight measurements performed on this reaction did not cover the energy window of interest for BBN, and showed a large discrepancy between each other. The measurement was performed with a Si-telescope, and a high-purity sample produced by implantation of a $^{7}$Be ion beam at the ISOLDE facility at CERN. While a significantly higher cross section is found at low-energy, relative to current evaluations, in the region of BBN interest the present results are consistent with the values inferred from the time-reversal $^{7}$Li($p, n$)$^{7}$Be reaction, thus yielding only a relatively minor improvement on the so-called Cosmological Lithium Problem (CLiP). The relevance of these results on the near-threshold neutron production in the p+$^{7}$Li reaction is also discussed.

Published
2018

11. $^{7}$ Be(n,p)$^{7}$ Li Cross Section Measurement for the Cosmological Lithium Problem at the n $\_$ TOF Facility at CERN

Author

M.J.G. Borge, D. M. Castelluccio, Rene Reifarth, A. Kimura, Stefan Schmidt, Srinivasan Ganesan, D. Macina, Carlos Guerrero, Cortés-Giraldo, G. Bellia, J. M. Quesada, L. Tassan-Got, P. J. Woods, Ignacio Porras, Sergio Cristallo, I. Duran, A. Mengoni, V. Bcares, Alexandru Negret, Juliana Schell, A. Casanovas, K. Rajeev, A. K. Saxena, Tatsuya Katabuchi, A. Ventura, J. Lerendegui-Marco, Maurizio Busso, M. Piscopo, Ariel Tarifeño-Saldivia, S. J. Lonsdale, B. Fernández-Domínguez, S. Rothe, F. Käppeler, Francesca Matteucci, R. Catherall, I. F. Gonçalves, P. Kavrigin, L. Cosentino, D. Bosnar, Ralf Nolte, Javier Praena, S. Lo Meo, M. Brugger, E. Griesmayer, A. Stamatopoulos, L. A. Damone, C. Beinrucker, T. Stora, Claudia Lederer-Woods, E. Leal-Cidoncha, W.I. Furman, E. Chiaveri, A. Gawlik, Thomas Rauscher, P. F. Mastinu, D. Cano-Ott, A.P. Bernardes, Deniz Kurtulgil, P. V. Sedyshev, M. Diakaki, A. S. Brown, J. L. Tain, U. Kohester, J. Balibrea-Correa, E. González-Romero, Niko Kivel, O. Aberle, J. Billowes, N. Colonna, A. Oprea, J. Andrzejewski, A. Pavlik, Y. Kadi, C. Domingo-Pardo, Y. H. Chen, C. Rubbia, Kathrin Göbel, J. Marganiec, B. Marsh, P. M. Milazzo, S. Valenta, Karl Johnston, N. Patronis, G. Tagliente, F. Cerutti, R. Vlastou, Marco Calviani, A. G. Smith, D. Radeck, G. Corts, E. Berthoumieux, P. Vaz, A. Masi, Jan Heyse, D. G. Jenkins, T.D. Goodacre, C. Seiffert, M. Ayranov, Emilio Andrea Maugeri, M. Krtička, Simone Gilardoni, A. Musumarra, J. Ballof, E. Jericha, A. Dorsival, Paolo Finocchiaro, T. Martinez, Dorothea Schumann, M. Kokkoris, C. Weiß, S. Heinitz, J. A. Ryan, Tanja Heftrich, N. V. Sosnin, R. Cardella, A. Riego-Perez, Annamaria Mazzone, Petar Žugec, S. Altstadt, L. Audouin, S. Warren, G. Vannini, F. Bečvář, V. Variale, C. Wolf, E. Mendoza, M. Caamaño, Peter Schillebeeckx, P. C. Rout, A. Kalamara, F. Mingrone, T. J. Wright, E. Dupont, M. Mastromarco, A. J. M. Plompen, A. Garca-Rios, Massimo Barbagallo, M. Dietz, Anton Wallner, Hideo Harada, J.G. Martins Correia, M. Mirea, Rugard Dressler, F. Calviño, H. Leeb, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, A. Tsinganis, Luciano Piersanti, J. Perkowski, F. Gunsing, Vasilis Vlachoudis, Cristian Massimi, A. Ferrari, Pedro G. Ferreira, Mario Weigand, M. Bacak, T. Glodariu, Roberto Losito, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), n_TOF, ILL, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Damone, L. A., Barbagallo, M., Mastromarco, M., Mengoni, A., Colonna, N., Cosentino, L., Maugeri, E. A., Heinitz, S., Schumann, D., Dressler, R., Kappeler, F., Finocchiaro, P., Andrzejewski, J., Perkowski, J., Gawlik, A., Aberle, O., Altstadt, S., Ayranov, M., Audouin, L., Bacak, M., Balibrea-Correa, J., Ballof, J., Bcares, V., Becvar, F., Beinrucker, C., Bellia, G., Bernardes, A. P., Berthoumieux, E., Billowes, J., Borge, M. J. G., Bosnar, D., Brown, A., Brugger, M., Busso, M., Caamano, M., Calvino, F., Calviani, M., Cano-Ott, D., Cardella, R., Casanovas, A., Castelluccio, D. M., Catherall, R., Cerutti, F., Chen, Y. H., Chiaveri, E., Corts, G., Cortes-Giraldo, M. A., Cristallo, S., Diakaki, M., Dietz, M., Domingo-Pardo, C., Dorsival, A., Dupont, E., Duran, I., Fernandez-Dominguez, B., Ferrari, A., Ferreira, P., Furman, W., Ganesan, S., Garca-Rios, A., Gilardoni, S., Glodariu, T., Gobel, K., Goncalves, I. F., Gonzalez-Romero, E., Goodacre, T. D., Griesmayer, E., Guerrero, C., Gunsing, F., Harada, H., Heftrich, T., Heyse, J., Jenkins, D. G., Jericha, E., Johnston, K., Kadi, Y., Kalamara, A., Katabuchi, T., Kavrigin, P., Kimura, A., Kivel, N., Kohester, U., Kokkoris, M., Krticka, M., Kurtulgil, D., Leal-Cidoncha, E., Lederer-Woods, C., Leeb, H., Lerendegui-Marco, J., Lo Meo, S., Lonsdale, S. J., Losito, R., Macina, D., Marganiec, J., Marsh, B., Martinez, T., Martins Correia, J. G., Masi, A., Massimi, C., Mastinu, P., Matteucci, F., Mazzone, A., Mendoza, E., Milazzo, P. M., Mingrone, F., Mirea, M., Musumarra, A., Negret, A., Nolte, R., Oprea, A., Patronis, N., Pavlik, A., Piersanti, L., Piscopo, M., Plompen, A., Porras, I., Praena, J., Quesada, J. M., Radeck, D., Rajeev, K., Rauscher, T., Reifarth, R., Riego-Perez, A., Rothe, S., Rout, P., Rubbia, C., Ryan, J., Sabate-Gilarte, M., Saxena, A., Schell, J., Schillebeeckx, P., Schmidt, S., Sedyshev, P., Seiffert, C., Smith, A. G., Sosnin, N. V., Stamatopoulos, A., Stora, T., Tagliente, G., Tain, J. L., Tarifeno-Saldivia, A., Tassan-Got, L., Tsinganis, A., Valenta, S., Vannini, G., Variale, V., Vaz, P., Ventura, A., Vlachoudis, V., Vlastou, R., Wallner, A., Warren, S., Weigand, M., Weiss, C., Wolf, C., Woods, P. J., Wright, T., Zugec, P., Formicola, Alba, Junker, Matthias, Gialanella, Lucio, Imbriani, Gianluca, Damone L.A., Barbagallo M., Mastromarco M., Mengoni A., Colonna N., Cosentino L., Maugeri E.A., Heinitz S., Schumann D., Dressler R., Kappeler F., Finocchiaro P., Andrzejewski J., Perkowski J., Gawlik A., Aberle O., Altstadt S., Ayranov M., Audouin L., Bacak M., Balibrea-Correa J., Ballof J., Bcares V., Becvar F., Beinrucker C., Bellia G., Bernardes A.P., Berthoumieux E., Billowes J., Borge M.J.G., Bosnar D., Brown A., Brugger M., Busso M., Caamano M., Calvino F., Calviani M., Cano-Ott D., Cardella R., Casanovas A., Castelluccio D.M., Catherall R., Cerutti F., Chen Y.H., Chiaveri E., Corts G., Cortes-Giraldo M.A., Cristallo S., Diakaki M., Dietz M., Domingo-Pardo C., Dorsival A., Dupont E., Duran I., Fernandez-Dominguez B., Ferrari A., Ferreira P., Furman W., Ganesan S., Garca-Rios A., Gilardoni S., Glodariu T., Gobel K., Goncalves I.F., Gonzalez-Romero E., Goodacre T.D., Griesmayer E., Guerrero C., Gunsing F., Harada H., Heftrich T., Heyse J., Jenkins D.G., Jericha E., Johnston K., Kadi Y., Kalamara A., Katabuchi T., Kavrigin P., Kimura A., Kivel N., Kohester U., Kokkoris M., Krticka M., Kurtulgil D., Leal-Cidoncha E., Lederer-Woods C., Leeb H., Lerendegui-Marco J., Lo Meo S., Lonsdale S.J., Losito R., Macina D., Marganiec J., Marsh B., Martinez T., Martins Correia J.G., Masi A., Massimi C., Mastinu P., Matteucci F., Mazzone A., Mendoza E., Milazzo P.M., Mingrone F., Mirea M., Musumarra A., Negret A., Nolte R., Oprea A., Patronis N., Pavlik A., Piersanti L., Piscopo M., Plompen A., Porras I., Praena J., Quesada J.M., Radeck D., Rajeev K., Rauscher T., Reifarth R., Riego-Perez A., Rothe S., Rout P., Rubbia C., Ryan J., Sabate-Gilarte M., Saxena A., Schell J., Schillebeeckx P., Schmidt S., Sedyshev P., Seiffert C., Smith A.G., Sosnin N.V., Stamatopoulos A., Stora T., Tagliente G., Tain J.L., Tarifeno-Saldivia A., Tassan-Got L., Tsinganis A., Valenta S., Vannini G., Variale V., Vaz P., Ventura A., Vlachoudis V., Vlastou R., Wallner A., Warren S., Weigand M., Weiss C., Wolf C., Woods P.J., Wright T., and Zugec P.

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, chemistry.chemical_element, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, BBN, neutron, Nuclear physics, Stars, Cross section (physics), chemistry, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, 7Be(n, p)7Li, Cosmological Lithium Problem, n_TOF, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear astrophysics, Lithium, Halo, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

International audience; One of the most puzzling problems in Nuclear Astrophysics is the “Cosmological Lithium Problem”, i.e the discrepancy between the primordial abundance of$^{7}$ Li observed in metal poor halo stars (Asplund et al. in Astrophys J 644:229–259, 2006, [1]), and the one predicted by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). One of the reactions that could have an impact on the problem is$^{7}$ Be(n,p)$^{7}$ Li. Despite of the importance of this reaction in BBN, the cross-section has never been directly measured at the energies of interest for BBN. Taking advantage of the innovative features of the second experimental area at the n $\_$ TOF facility at CERN (Sabate-Gilarte et al. in Eur Phys J A 53:210, 2017, [2], Weiss et al. in NIMA 799:90, 2015, [3]), an accurate measurement of$^{7}$ Be(n,p) cross section has been recently performed at n $\_$ TOF, with a pure$^{7}$ Be target produced by implantation of a$^{7}$ Be beam at ISOLDE. The mesurement started in April 2016 and lasted for two months. The experimental procedure, the setup used in the measurement and the results obtained so far will be here presented.

Published
2018

12. Production of negatively charged radioactive ion beams

Author

T Stora, D W Stracener, and Y Liu

Subjects
Physics, Radioactive ion beams, Large Hadron Collider, Ion beam, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tandem accelerator, 01 natural sciences, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Experimental research, Ion, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Laser beam quality, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Beams of short-lived radioactive nuclei are needed for frontier experimental research in nuclear structure, reactions, and astrophysics. Negatively charged radioactive ion beams have unique advantages and allow for the use of a tandem accelerator for post-acceleration, which can provide the highest beam quality and continuously variable energies. Negative ion beams can be obtained with high intensity and some unique beam purification techniques based on differences in electronegativity and chemical reactivity can be used to provide beams with high purity. This article describes the production of negative radioactive ion beams at the former holifield radioactive ion beam facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at the CERN ISOLDE facility with emphasis on the development of the negative ion sources employed at these two facilities.

Published
2017

13. Publisher’s Note: High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams16, 021002 (2013)]

Author

C. Bobeth, Maurizio Bonesini, M. Marie-Jeanne, M. Apollonio, C. Waaijer, Th. Delbar, Kenneth Long, Ilias Efthymiopoulos, T.K. Ghosh, François Debray, M. Hass, F. Gramegna, D. Wilcox, Jacques Wurtz, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, M. Buizza-Avanzini, Morteza Aslaninejad, Thomas Thuillier, C. Bontoiu, T. Lamy, A. Kurup, R. Matev, Silvia Pascoli, G. Collazuol, B. Szybinski, Patrick Huber, S. Machida, A. Bogacz, O. Mena, L. Agostino, G. Gaudiot, G. de Angelis, Marcos Dracos, J. Giraud, M. C. Gonzalez Garcia, E. Fernandez Martinez, L. Tortora, C. Rogers, F. Terranova, J. Bielski, Tommaso Marchi, Jordi Burguet-Castell, Emanuele Vardaci, Paul Soler, M. Marafini, R. Garoby, Erk Jensen, D. Duchesneau, P. Coloma, Walter Winter, M. Zito, M. Loiselet, M. Martini, He Zhang, L. Lacny, J. W. G. Thomason, Camilla Juul Hansen, A. Longhin, M. Cinausero, J. Payet, E. Benedetto, M. Cordwell, Michele Maltoni, C. Fourel, Simone Gilardoni, Shrikant Pattalwar, A. Chancé, Andrew Moss, M. Schaumann, Holger Witte, T. Stora, A. Stahl, Jordi Salvado, M. Kozien, David Neuffer, Eric Baussan, T. R. Edgecock, R. Moro, C. Trophine, Evgeny Kh. Akhmedov, P. F. Harrison, J. Tang, Elena Wildner, L. Mosca, Th. Keutgen, V. Zeter, K. B. Beard, G. La Rana, S. Mitrofanov, G. Prete, Andrea Donini, David Kelliher, Stéphane Veys, Tommy Ohlsson, A. Di Nitto, D. Meloni, J. J. Back, N. Vassilopoulos, Joachim Kopp, P. Poussot, A. Tonazzo, Carlo Giunti, Javier Fernandez Menendez, T. Y. Hirsh, D. Berkovits, Christopher Prior, Błażej Skoczeń, Y. Karadzhov, Manfred Lindner, V. Vlachoudis, Cécile Daversin, Amos Dexter, J. Lopez Pavon, A. Cervera Villanueva, Pavel Snopok, Mattias Blennow, Diktys Stratakis, Porfidio Hernández, M. Rooney, M. Mazzocco, P. Migliozzi, V. Palladino, J. Martín-Albo, M. Mezzetto, Christopher Orme, M. Bogomilov, A.K. Wróblewski, T. Davenne, J. S. Berg, N. Bliss, Thomas Schwetz, R. Bayes, A. Alekou, Jeson Jacob, M. Fitton, Jakob Wehner, Graeme Burt, Piotr Cupiał, T. Patzak, Nicla Gelli, T. Li, Jaroslaw Pasternak, Pascal Sortais, Marco Laveder, A. Bross, Jürgen Pozimski, C. Densam, O. Caretta, A. Laing, P. Loveridge, C. Signorini, T. Melo Mendonca, Ivan Izotov, J. J. Gomez Y Cadenas, B. Lepers, R. Tsenov, P. Balint, A. Kosmicki, A. Brondi, V. L. Kravchuk, L. J. Jenner, J. Osborne, Elian Bouquerel, A. Ustrzycka, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Osswald, V. G. Zorin, L. Latrasse, G. Prior, R. Wands, Vadim Skalyga, Edgecock, T. . r., Caretta, O., Davenne, T., Densam, C., Fitton, M., Kelliher, D., Loveridge, P., Machida, S., Prior, C., Rogers, C., Rooney, M., Thomason, J., Wilcox, D., Wildner, E., Efthymiopoulos, I., Garoby, R., Gilardoni, S., Hansen, C., Benedetto, E., Jensen, E., Kosmicki, A., Martini, M., Osborne, J., Prior, G., Stora, T., Melo Mendonca, T., Vlachoudis, V., Waaijer, C., Cupial, P., Chance, A., Longhin, A., Payet, J., Zito, M., Baussan, E., Bobeth, C., Bouquerel, E., Dracos, M., Gaudiot, G., Lepers, B., Osswald, F., Poussot, P., Vassilopoulos, N., Wurtz, J., Zeter, V., Bielski, J., Kozien, M., Lacny, L., Skoczen, B., Szybinski, B., Ustrzycka, A., Wroblewski, A., Marie Jeanne, M., Balint, P., Fourel, C., Giraud, J., Jacob, J., Lamy, T., Latrasse, L., Sortais, P., Thuillier, T., Mitrofanov, S., Loiselet, M., Keutgen, T. h., Delbar, T. h., Debray, F., Trophine, C., Veys, S., Daversin, C., Zorin, V., Izotov, I., Skalyga, V., Burt, G., Dexter, A. . c., Kravchuk, V. . l., Marchi, T., Cinausero, M., Gramegna, F., De Angelis, G., Prete, G., Collazuol, G., Laveder, M., Mazzocco, M., Mezzetto, M., Signorini, C., Vardaci, Emanuele, DI NITTO, Antonio, Brondi, Augusto, LA RANA, Giovanni, Migliozzi, P., Moro, RENATA EMILIA MARIA, Palladino, Vittorio, Gelli, N., Berkovits, D., Hass, M., Hirsh, T. . y., Schaumann, M., Stahl, A., Wehner, J., Bross, A., Kopp, J., Neuffer, D., Wands, R., Bayes, R., Laing, A., Soler, P., Agarwalla, S. . k., Cervera Villanueva, A., Donini, A., Ghosh, T., Gomez Cadenas, J. . j., Hernandez, P., Martin Albo, J., Mena, O., Burguet Castell, J., Agostino, L., Buizza Avanzini, M., Marafini, M., Patzak, T., Tonazzo, A., Duchesneau, D., Mosca, L., Bogomilov, M., Karadzhov, Y., Matev, R., Tsenov, R., Akhmedov, E., Blennow, M., Lindner, M., Schwetz, T., Fernandez Martinez, E., Maltoni, M., Menendez, J., Giunti, C., Gonzalez Garcia, M. . c., Salvado, J., Coloma, P., Huber, P., Li, T., Lopez Pavon, J., Orme, C., Pascoli, S., Meloni, D., Tang, J., Winter, W., Ohlsson, T., Zhang, H., Scotto Lavina, L., Terranova, F., Bonesini, M., Tortora, L., Alekou, A., Aslaninejad, M., Bontoiu, C., Kurup, A., Jenner, L. . j., Long, K., Pasternak, J., Pozimski, J., Back, J. . j., Harrison, P., Beard, K., Bogacz, A., Berg, J. . s., Stratakis, D., Witte, H., Snopok, P., Bliss, N., Cordwell, M., Moss, A., Pattalwar, S., and Apollonio, M.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), High intensity, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Surfaces and Interfaces, Neutrino oscillation
Published
2016

14. Purification of a Zn radioactive ion beam by alkali suppression in a quartz line target prototype

Author

E. Bouquerel, R. Catherall, M. Eller, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, T. Stora, and ISOLDE Collaboration

Subjects
Materials science, Ion beam, Yield (chemistry), Transfer line, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, General Materials Science, Trapping, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Alkali metal, Quartz, Ion source, Line (formation)
Abstract

A new target and ion source unit has been developed at CERN-ISOLDE with the aim of delivering isobarically clean beams of short lived neutron-rich Cd and Zn. A quartz insert in the transfer line allows the trapping and the decay of alkali contaminants. This paper presents the design of the quartz transfer line. Alkali suppression is demonstrated with 80Rb and 114Cs. The yield of 8Li, 46K, 77Ga and 75Zn is presented.

Published
2007

15. Design of a neutrino source based on beta beams

Author

M. Schaumann, T. Stora, François Debray, M. Hass, G. de Angelis, M. Mezzetto, Tommaso Marchi, Achim Stahl, C. Signorini, Elena Wildner, T. Lamy, J. Giraud, M. Mazzocco, T. Melo Mendonca, Elian Bouquerel, Camilla Juul Hansen, Jakob Wehner, M. Loiselet, Cécile Daversin, G. La Rana, Jeson Jacob, Th. Keutgen, S. Mitrofanov, L. Latrasse, M. Cinausero, Pascal Sortais, A. Di Nitto, C. Fourel, A. Chancé, Vadim Skalyga, Amos Dexter, V. Vlachoudis, V. G. Zorin, M. Marie-Jeanne, A. Brondi, V. Palladino, Graeme Burt, Ivan Izotov, Christophe Trophime, F. Gramegna, T. Y. Hirsh, E. Benedetto, Nicla Gelli, Emanuele Vardaci, Erk Jensen, P. Balint, V. L. Kravchuk, J. Payet, R. Moro, G. Prete, Stéphane Veys, D. Berkovits, Thomas Thuillier, G. Collazuol, Th. Delbar, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Grenoble (LNCMI-G), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Wildner, E., Hansen, C., Benedetto, E., Jensen, E., Stora, T., Melo Mendonca, T., Vlachoudis, V., Bouquerel, E., Marie Jeanne, M., Balint, P., Fourel, C., Giraud, J., Jacob, J., Lamy, T., Latrasse, L., Sortais, P., Thuillier, T., Mitrofanov, S., Loiselet, M., Keutgen, T. h., Delbar, T. h., Debray, F., Trophime, C., Veys, S., Daversin, C., Zorin, V., Izotov, I., Skalyga, V., Chanc?, A., Payet, J., Burt, G., Dexter, A. ?. C., Kravchuk, V. ?. L., Marchi, T., Cinausero, M., Gramegna, F., De Angelis, G., Prete, G., Collazuol, G., Mezzetto, M., Vardaci, Emanuele, Di Nitto, A., Brondi, Augusto, LA RANA, Giovanni, Moro, R., Palladino, Vittorio, Gelli, N., Mazzocco, M., Signorini, C., Hirsh, T. ?. Y., Hass, M., Berkovits, D., Stahl, A., Schaumann, M., and Wehner, J.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Ion beam, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Surfaces and Interfaces, Electron, Accelerators and Storage Rings, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Collimated light, Linear particle accelerator, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QC770-798, Physics::Accelerator Physics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Storage ring, Beam (structure)
Abstract

"Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron (anti-) neutrino beams by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a race track shaped storage ring of 7 km circumference, the Decay Ring. EUROnu Beta Beams are based on CERN infrastructures and existing machines. Using existing machines may be an advantage for the cost evaluation, however, this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. The isotope pair of choice for the Beta Beam is 6He and 18Ne. However before the EUROnu studies one of the needed isotopes, 18Ne, could not be produced in rates that satisfy the needs for physics reach of the Beta Beam. Therefore, studies of alternative beta emitters, 8Li and 8B, with properties interesting for a Beta Beam have been proposed and have been studied within EUROnu. These alternative isotopes could be produced by using a small storage ring, in which the beam traverses a target, creating the 8Li and 8B isotopes. This Production Ring, the injection Linac and the target system have been evaluated. Measurements of the cross-section of the reactions to produce the Beta Beam isotopes show interesting results. A device to collect the produced isotopes from the target has been developed and tested. However, the obtained rates of the 8Li and 8B, using the Production Ring for production of 8Li and 8B, is not yet, according to simulations, giving the rates of isotopes that would be needed. Therefore, a new method of producing the 18Ne isotope has been developed and tested giving good production rates. The baseline presented for the Beta Beam is therefore now to use the 6He and 18Ne isotopes for neutrino production. A 60 GHz ECRIS prototype, the first in the world, was developed and tested with contributions from EUROnu. The Beta Beam has to take into account the modifications of the injectors planned in view of LHC-upgrades. The Decay Ring lattices for the 8Li and 8B have been developed, the lattice for 6He and 18Ne has been optimized also to ensure the high intensity ion beam stability.

Published
2014

16. Surfactant Phase Transition Inducing Coalescence in Dense Emulsions

Author

B. Deminiere, Annie Colin, Jérôme Bibette, F. Leal-Calderon, and T. Stora

Subjects
Phase transition, Chromatography, Chemistry, Dispersity, Surfaces and Interfaces, Condensed Matter Physics, Instability, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Pulmonary surfactant, Chemical physics, Emulsion, Electrochemistry, General Materials Science, Coalescence (chemistry), Dewetting, Spectroscopy
Abstract

We study the behavior of concentrated monodisperse oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by nonionic surfactants. With an increase of temperature, the surfactant undergoes a diphasic phase transition and simultaneously coalescence occurs. Surprisingly, the coalescence transforms the initial monodisperse emulsion into a new monodisperse one made of bigger droplets, indicating that this instability disappears after a short period of time. We discuss the origin of this process in terms of dewetting phenomena induced by the surfactant phase transition, and we present a model that accounts for the number of coalescence events.

Published
1999

18. Comparison of Expected Yields for Light Radioactive Beams at SPIRAL-1 And 2

Author

H. Frånberg, Rastislav Hodák, A. Fournier, T. Stora, F. de Oliveira Santos, A. Pichard, M. G. Saint-Laurent, Michael Hass, P. Alfaurt, T. Hirsh, M. Fadil, C. E. Demonchy, G. Lhersonneau, R. Leroy, L. Serani, P. Delahaye, F. Pellemoine, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISOLDE, CERN, CERN [Genève], Yu.E. Penionzhkevich, S.M. Lukyanov, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Nuclear reaction, 29.20.Ej, 29.25. Rm, 29.38.Gj, 25.70.Mn, Reaccelerated radioactive beams, Particle accelerator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Linear particle accelerator, law.invention, Isotope separation, Nuclear physics, law, Yield (chemistry), 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Light beam, Sources of radioactive nuclei, Neutron, Nuclear reactions, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

Commune avec MECA au CENBG; International audience; Light-particles stable high-intensity beams (p, d, 3,4He...) will be available from the Linac driver accelerator of SPIRAL-2. Yields of neutron-deficient isotopes as well as of neutron-rich isotopes (by means of reactions with secondary neutrons) are compared with those presently available at the SPIRAL-1 facility. We explore, for light beams (Z< 16) asked in the 'white book' of SPIRAL-2 1, the production methods taking into account the in-target yield but also the feasibility of making such beams by the ISOL method (considering reaction, target, thermal and release properties). We discuss some of the tests needed and planned. A comparison with the present and potentially attainable yields at SPIRAL-1 is presented.

Published
2009

19. Discovery ofRn229and the Structure of the Heaviest Rn and Ra Isotopes from Penning-Trap Mass Measurements

Author

Christine Böhm, Dietrich Beck, Alban Kellerbauer, Klaus Blaum, Magda Kowalska, M. Rosenbusch, Stefan Schwarz, R. B. Cakirli, Etam Noah, T. Stora, L. Penescu, Dennis Neidherr, Frank Herfurth, R. F. Casten, Alexander Herlert, M. Breitenfeldt, Sebastian George, G. Audi, Lutz Schweikhard, E. Minaya-Ramirez, S. Naimi, and David Lunney

Subjects
Physics, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Radon, Penning trap, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Mass measurement, ISOLTRAP, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclide, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The masses of the neutron-rich radon isotopes {sup 223-229}Rn have been determined for the first time, using the ISOLTRAP setup at CERN ISOLDE. In addition, this experiment marks the first discovery of a new nuclide, {sup 229}Rn, by Penning-trap mass measurement. The new, high-accuracy data allow a fine examination of the mass surface, via the valence-nucleon interaction {delta}V{sub pn}. The results reveal intriguing behavior, possibly reflecting either a N=134 subshell closure or an octupolar deformation in this region.

Published
2009

20. Discovery of (229)Rn and the Structure of the Heaviest Rn and Ra Isotopes from Penning-Trap Mass Measurements

Author

D, Neidherr, G, Audi, D, Beck, K, Blaum, Ch, Böhm, M, Breitenfeldt, R B, Cakirli, R F, Casten, S, George, F, Herfurth, A, Herlert, A, Kellerbauer, M, Kowalska, D, Lunney, E, Minaya-Ramirez, S, Naimi, E, Noah, L, Penescu, M, Rosenbusch, S, Schwarz, L, Schweikhard, T, Stora, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
NUCLEI, SPECTROMETRY, STATES, DEFORMATION, ENERGIES, ACCURACY, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment, ISOLTRAP
Abstract

The masses of the neutron-rich radon isotopes $^{223–229}$Rn have been determined for the first time, using the ISOLTRAP setup at CERN ISOLDE. In addition, this experiment marks the first discovery of a new nuclide,$^{229}$Rn, by Penning-trap mass measurement. The new, high-accuracy data allow a fine examination of the mass surface, via the valence-nucleon interaction ${\delta}$V$_{pn}$. The results reveal intriguing behavior, possibly reflecting either a N=134 subshell closure or an octupolar deformation in this region.

Published
2009

21. Oxide Target Designs for High Primary Beam Intensities for Future Radioactive Ion Beam Facilities

Author

T. Stora, E. Bouquerel, L. Bruno, R. Catherall, S. Fernandes, P. Kasprowicz, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, B. S. Nara Singh, E. Noah, L. Penescu, R. Wilfinger, Floyd D. McDaniel, and Barney L. Doyle

Subjects
Materials science, Ion beam, Proton, Nuclear engineering, Oxide, Particle accelerator, Power (physics), law.invention, Nuclear physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thermal conductivity, chemistry, law, Thermal, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Oxide targets used nowadays in ISOL facilities can only accommodate up to a few kW incoming beam power because of the targets’ moderate operation temperatures and their low thermal conductivities. A generic design to accommodate a 100 kW, 1 GeV proton beam, used as baseline parameters in the ongoing EURISOL‐DS project, along with the numerical and experimental tools required for its validation, are reported here. We provide some details on these high‐power composite oxide‐refractory metal targets and on the proposed arrangement in several sub‐units merging into a single ion source.

Published
2009

22. Development of Radioactive Ion Beam Purification by Selective Adsorption at the HRIBF

Author

C. Jost, H. K. Carter, R. E. Goans, B. O. Griffith, R. Katakam, K.-L. Kratz, C. A. Reed, E. H. Spejewski, T. Stora, D. W. Stracener, Floyd D. McDaniel, and Barney L. Doyle

Subjects
Adsorption, Test facility, Ion beam, Chemistry, law, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Nuclear engineering, Selective adsorption, Radiochemistry, Transfer line, Ion source, Isotope separation, law.invention
Abstract

In the past decades many techniques have been developed to reduce isobaric contaminations in ISOL (Isotope Separation On‐Line) beams. Another promising method to achieve improved selectivity is employing surface effects in the transfer line between target container and ion source. Thus adsorption materials with suitable atomic structure and polarity can lead to a high chemical selectivity. The principle of selective adsorption has already been employed successfully in the past. Quartz transfer lines are applied on‐line at ISOLDE and have been shown to reduce Rb contaminations by 5 orders of magnitude. Since quartz is the only compound that has been tested yet we plan to conduct a broad on‐line study of the adsorption behavior of various elements on a range of materials. For testing at the On‐Line Test Facility at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) a special target‐ion source unit with a variable‐temperature transfer line has been constructed in collaboration with the ISOLDE technical group. Based on the design of the ISOLDE prototype unit it was modified to match the unique capabilities of the OLTF. Preliminary results of on‐line tests are presented.

Published
2009

23. Direct measurement of colloidal forces

Author

O. Mondain Monval, Jérôme Bibette, F. Leal Calderon, T. Stora, and Philippe Poulin

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, business.industry, Dispersity, General Physics and Astronomy, Bragg's law, Magnetic field, Colloid, Dipole, Optics, business, Anisotropy, Intensity (heat transfer), Visible spectrum
Abstract

We present a novel approach that allows us to directly determine the force-distance law between tiny colloidal particles. Our technique exploits the fact that the anisotropy of the forces between dipoles causes particles to form chains. Because chains give rise to a strong Bragg diffraction of the visible light, the interdroplet spacing is accurately measured. Moreover, because the attractive dipolar magnetic force can be varied through the intensity of the external field, the balancing repulsive force can also be measured at various spacings. We give first evidence of the feasibility of this approach by using monodisperse magnetic emulsions under magnetic field.

Published
1994

24. The laser ion source trap for highest isobaric selectivity in online exotic isotope production

Author

C. Mattolat, Klaus Blaum, T. Gottwald, B. Marsh, R. Catherall, T. Stora, Sebastian Rothe, F. Schwellnus, V. Fedosseev, Klaus Wendt, Hans-Jürgen Kluge, and B. Crepieux

Subjects
Materials science, Ion beam, Particle accelerator, Laser, Ion source, Ion, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Ionization, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Thermal emittance, Physics::Atomic Physics, Ion trap, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

The improvement in the performance of a conventional laser ion source in the laser ion source and trap (LIST) project is presented, which envisages installation of a repeller electrode and a linear Paul trap/ion guide structure. This approach promises highest isobaric purity and optimum temporal and spatial control of the radioactive ion beam produced at an online isotope separator facility. The functionality of the LIST was explored at the offline test separators of University of Mainz (UMz) and ISOLDE/CERN, using the UMz solid state laser system. Ionization efficiency and selectivity as well as time structure and transversal emittance of the produced ion beam was determined. Next step after complete characterization is the construction and installation of the radiation-hard final trap structure and its first online application.

Published
2010

25. Growth of graphene on tantalum and its protective properties

Author

Matthew Holwill, Rahul R. Nair, Alexander Zhukov, T. Stora, Konstantin S. Novoselov, Jun Yin, Yi Bo Wang, Zihao Wang, K. Huang, Marina Nazarova, and Artem Mishchenko

Subjects
Materials science, Graphene, Tantalum, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Carbide, law.invention, Cracking, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, law, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, Layer (electronics), Carbon, Tantalum carbide
Abstract

The mechanism of graphene growth on tantalum has been studied. It has been demonstrated that graphene growth occurs through the formation of tantalum carbide, which exhibits catalytic properties towards cracking of hydrocarbons. We found that excessive carbon, not involved in carbide formation, forms self-limiting layer of graphene on the surface. The layer of tantalum carbide and graphene provides an efficient protective layer against chemical corrosion and high temperature oxidation.

Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Final Report on TARPIPE- Deliverable D2

Author

E. Noah, E. Bouquerel, V. Boutellier, R. Bruetsch, R. Catherall, S. Fernandes, I. Guenther-Leopold, F. Groeschel, A. Kalt, J. Lettry, E. Manfrin, S. Marzari, T. Stora, W. Wagner, R. Wilfinger, L. Zanini

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

Report on the prototype target irradiation done at PSI - TARPIPE

28. Feasibility study for the 100kW direct targets

Author

T. Stora, J. Lettry, R. Catherall, E. Noah, R. Wilfinger, L. Penescu, E. Bouquerel, S. Fernandes, M. Santana-Leitner, L. Zanini, I. Guenter, F. Groeschel

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

Tools and developments required to go from today\'s operating standards to the 100kW benchmark targets.

29. Design and test of a two-body target unit for 100kW solid targets

Author

E. Bouquerel, R. Catherall, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, E. Noah, L. Penescu, T. Stora, R. Wilfinger and the ISOLDE collaboration

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

Design and online tests at CERN-ISOLDE of a \\\"bivalve\\\" target unit with two CaO containers with merging lines an remotely actuated valves into a single MK7 cold FEBIAD ion source. Details on the development of the unit and online results are provided.

30. Aggregation phenomena in water-in-oil emulsions

Author

A. Espert, T. Stora, Jérôme Bibette, F. Leal-Calderon, Valérie Alard, B. Gerhardi, J. F. Tranchant, and F. Brossard

Subjects
Alkane, chemistry.chemical_classification, Phase transition, Dodecane, Dispersity, technology, industry, and agriculture, Surfaces and Interfaces, Condensed Matter Physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Pulmonary surfactant, Chemical physics, Phase (matter), Electrochemistry, Organic chemistry, General Materials Science, Particle size, Spectroscopy, Phase diagram
Abstract

We report the phase behavior of monodisperse water-in-oil emulsion droplets. We show that depending upon the droplet size, the surfactant concentration within the continuous oil phase, the chemical nature of the oil, and the temperature, the emulsion droplets may remain dispersed or reversibly aggregated. Close to the phase transition threshold, we observe coexisting phases, whereas much above, we preferentially observe gels. Since such phase transitions exhibit the same trends than what was previously observed in direct oil-in-water emulsions, a size purification process based on the same principles is accessible in the coexisting regime. We present phase diagrams for two different droplet sizes that describe the main qualitative features of these systems.

32. Final report on oxide target prototype - Deliverable D3

Author

S. Fernandes, E. Bouquerel, L. Bruno, R. Catherall, T. Giles, P. Kasprowicz, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, E. Noah, T. Stora, P. Bricault, M. Dombsky, F. Ames

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

Final report on the high power oxide prototype tests done at TRIUMF

33. Alkali suppression for pure Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) production

Author

E. Bouquerel, R. Catherall, M. Eller, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, T. Stora and the ISOLDE

Subjects
TASK 3 [3], Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The ISOLDE facility at CERN has constantly developed new ion beams with betterpurity and improved yields over the last decades. Chemical selectivity for the productionof pure RIBs can be achieved by condensation of less volatile species in the transferline between the target and the ion source and by selective ionisation schemes such asthat provided by Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS)...

34. D5-Comparison of targets

Author

T. Stora, P. Bricault, L. Bruno, S. Fernandes, F. Gröschel, I. Günther, J. Lettry, M. Loiselet, E. Noah, E. Platacis, L. Zanini

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

This reports provides the highlights of Task#3

35. Calculation of Production and Decay of Radio Isotopes for Future Irradiation Experiments and Ion Bea

Author

M. Eller, J. Lettry, R. Catherall, T. Stora

Subjects
TASK 3 [3]
Abstract

The design of future radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities requires the forecast of radio isotope inventory after irradiation. At CERN ISOLDE we developed a software tool that estimates the roduction and activation of materials for ISOLDE radioactive waste anagement. The tool can also be used in the design of new RIB facilities, for licensing procedures, for irradiation experiments and the estimation of production yields.

37. The ISOLDE facility.

Author

R Catherall, W Andreazza, M Breitenfeldt, A Dorsival, G J Focker, T P Gharsa, Giles T J, J-L Grenard, F Locci, P Martins, S Marzari, J Schipper, A Shornikov, and T Stora

Subjects
RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams, ISOTOPE separation, MAGNETS, PROGRAMMABLE controllers, RADIO frequency
Abstract

The ISOLDE facility has undergone numerous changes over the last 17 years driven by both the physics and technical community with a common goal to improve on beam variety, beam quality and safety. Improvements have been made in civil engineering and operational equipment while continuing developments aim to ensure operations following a potential increase in primary beam intensity and energy. This paper outlines the principal technical changes incurred at ISOLDE by building on a similar publication of the facility upgrades by Kugler (2000 Hyperfine Interact.129 23–42). It also provides an insight into future perspectives through a brief summary issues addressed in the HIE-ISOLDE design study Catherall et al (2013 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 317 204–207). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Production of negatively charged radioactive ion beams.

Author

Y Liu, D W Stracener, and T Stora

Subjects
RADIOACTIVE nuclear beams, PARTICLE beams, PION beams, SALMONELLA enterica, SALMONELLA
Abstract

Beams of short-lived radioactive nuclei are needed for frontier experimental research in nuclear structure, reactions, and astrophysics. Negatively charged radioactive ion beams have unique advantages and allow for the use of a tandem accelerator for post-acceleration, which can provide the highest beam quality and continuously variable energies. Negative ion beams can be obtained with high intensity and some unique beam purification techniques based on differences in electronegativity and chemical reactivity can be used to provide beams with high purity. This article describes the production of negative radioactive ion beams at the former holifield radioactive ion beam facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at the CERN ISOLDE facility with emphasis on the development of the negative ion sources employed at these two facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Beta beams for precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters

Author

Wildner, E., Benedetto, E., Hansen, C., Melo Mendonca, T., Stora, T., Damjanovic, S., Payet, J., Chancé, A., Zorin, V., Izotov, I., Rasin, S., Sidorov, A., Skalyga, V., Angelis, G., Prete, G., Cinausero, M., Kravchuk, V., Gramegna, F., Tommaso Marchi, Collazuol, G., Mezzetto, M., Delbar, T., Loiselet, M., Keutgen, T., Mitrofanov, S., Burt, G., Dexter, A., Lamy, T., Latrasse, L., Marie-Jeanne, M., Sortais, P., Thuillier, T., Debray, F., Trophime, C., Hass, M., Hirsh, T., Berkovits, D., Stahl, A., Vardaci, E., Nitto, A., Brondi, A., Rana, G. L., Moro, R., Rosa, G. D., Palladino, V., E., Wildner, E., Benedetto, C., Hansen, T. D., Melo, T., Stora, S., Damjanovic, J., Payet, A., Chanc, V., Zorin, I., Izotov, S., Rasin, A., Sidorov, V., Skalyga, G. D., Angeli, G., Prete, M., Cinausero, V., Kravchuk, F., Gramegna, T., Marchi, G., Collazuol, M., Mezzetto, T., Delbar, M., Loiselet, T., Keutgen, S., Mitrofanov, G., Burt, A., Dexter, T., Lamy, L., Latrasse, M., Marie Jeanne, P., Sortai, T., Thuillier, F., Debray, C., Trophime, M., Ha, T., Hirsh, D., Berkovit, A., Stahl, Vardaci, Emanuele, DI NITTO, Antonio, Brondi, Augusto, LA RANA, Giovanni, Moro, RENATA EMILIA MARIA, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, and Palladino, Vittorio

Subjects
Neutrons, Neutrino beam, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Beta Beam, Cost estimating, Isotopes, Particle accelerator, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Cost assessment, Cost evaluations, European research, Ion beam stability, Neutrino factories, Neutrino oscillations, Precision measurement, The standard model
Abstract

Neutrino oscillations have implications for the Standard Model of particle physics. The CERN Beta Beam has outstanding capabilities to contribute to precision measurements of the parameters governing neutrino oscillations. The FP7 collaboration EUROnu (2008-2012) is a design study that will review three facilities (Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factories) and perform a cost assessment that, coupled with the physics performance, will give means to the European research authorities to make decisions on future European neutrino oscillation facilities. "Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron (anti)neutrinos by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a storage ring. Using existing machines and infrastructure is an advantage for the cost evaluation; however, this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. Recent work to make the Beta Beam facility a solid option will be described: production of Beta Beam isotopes, the 60 GHz pulsed ECR source development, integration into the LHC-upgrades, insure the high intensity ion beam stability, and optimizations to get high neutrino fluxes. The costing approach will also be described. Copyright ?????? 2012 by IEEE.

40. Beta beams: An accelerator based facility to explore neutrino oscillation physics

Author

Wildner, E., Benedetto, E., Hansen, C., Melo Mendonca, T., Stora, T., Payet, J., Chan E, A., Zorin, V., Izotov, I., Rasin, S., Sidorov, A., Skalyga, V., Angelis, G., Prete, G., Cinausero, M., Kravchuk, V., Gramegna, F., Marchi, T., Collazuol, G., Mezzetto, M., Gianfranca De Rosa, Delbar, T., Loiselet, M., Keutgen, T., Mitrofanov, S., Burt, G., Dexter, A., Lamy, T., Latrasse, L., Marie-Jeanne, M., Sortais, P., Thuillier, T., Debray, F., Trophime, C., Hass, M., Hirsh, T., Berkovits, D., Stahl, A., E., Wildner, E., Benedetto, C., Hansen, T. D., Melo, T., Stora, J., Payet, A., Chan, V., Zorin, I., Izotov, S., Rasin, A., Sidorov, V., Skalyga, G. D., Angeli, G., Prete, M., Cinausero, V., Kravchuk, F., Gramegna, T., Marchi, G., Collazuol, M., Mezzetto, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, T., Delbar, M., Loiselet, T., Keutgen, S., Mitrofanov, G., Burt, A., Dexter, T., Lamy, L., Latrasse, M., Marie Jeanne, P., Sortai, T., Thuillier, F., Debray, C., Trophime, M., Ha, T., Hirsh, D., Berkovit, and A., Stahl

Subjects
Neutrons, Cost evaluations, Electron neutrino, European research, Ion beam stability, Neutrino factories, Neutrino oscillations, Precise measurements, The standard model, Cost estimating, High energy physics, Isotopes, Particle accelerator
Abstract

The discovery that the neutrino changes flavor as it travels through space has implications for the Standard Model of particle physics (SM)[1]. To know the contribution of neutrinos to the SM, needs precise measurements of the parameters governing the neutrino oscillations. This will require a high intensity beam-based neutrino oscillation facility. The EURO?????? Design Study will review three currently accepted methods of realizing this facility (the so-called Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factories) and perform a cost assessment that, coupled with the physics performance, will give means to the European research authorities to make a decision on the lay-out and construction of the future European neutrino oscillation facility. "Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron neutrino and antineutrino beams by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and letting them decay in a race-track shaped storage ring. EURO?????? Beta Beams are based on CERNs infrastructure and the fact that some of the already existing accelerators can be used. To use existing machines is a strong advantage for the cost evaluation, however this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. In this article we describe recent work that has made the Beta Beam facility a solid option for neutrino production: new ideas and developments to produce and collect different Beta Beam isotopes, the 60 GHz pulsed ECR source development, the integration of Beta Beams in the upgrade program for LHC, work to ensure the very high intensity ion beam stability in the different machines, and optimizations of the decay ring to get high neutrino flux at a gamma boost of 100. Copyright ?????? 2011 by IPAC'11/EPS-AG.

41. Target Development towards First Production of High-Molar- Activity 44g Sc and 47 Sc by Mass Separation at CERN-MEDICIS.

Author

Mamis E, Duchemin C, Berlin V, Bernerd C, Bovigny M, Chevallay E, Crepieux B, Gadelshin VM, Heinke R, Hernandez RM, Johnson JD, Kalniņa P, Koliatos A, Lambert L, Rossel RE, Rothe S, Thiboud J, Weber F, Wendt K, Zabolockis RJ, Pajuste E, and Stora T

Abstract

The radionuclides 43 Sc, 44g/mSc, and 47 Sc can be produced cost-effectively in sufficient yield for medical research and applications by irradiating natTi and natV target materials with protons. Maximizing the production yield of the therapeutic 47 Sc in the highest cross section energy range of 24-70 MeV results in the co-production of long-lived, high-γ-ray-energy 46 Sc and 48 Sc contaminants if one does not use enriched target materials. Mass separation can be used to obtain high molar activity and isotopically pure Sc radionuclides from natural target materials; however, suitable operational conditions to obtain relevant activity released from irradiated natTi and natV have not yet been established at CERN-MEDICIS and ISOLDE. The objective of this work was to develop target units for the production, release, and purification of Sc radionuclides by mass separation as well as to investigate target materials for the mass separation that are compatible with high-yield Sc radionuclide production in the 9-70 MeV proton energy range. In this study, the in-target production yield obtained at MEDICIS with 1.4 GeV protons is compared with the production yield that can be reached with commercially available cyclotrons. The thick-target materials were irradiated at MEDICIS and comprised of metallic natTi, natV metallic foils, and natTiC pellets. The produced radionuclides were subsequently released, ionized, and extracted from various target and ion source units and mass separated. Mono-atomic Sc laser and molecule ionization with forced-electron-beam-induced arc-discharge ion sources were investigated. Sc radionuclide production in thick natTi and natV targets at MEDICIS is equivalent to low- to medium-energy cyclotron-irradiated targets at medically relevant yields, furthermore benefiting from the mass separation possibility. A two-step laser resonance ionization scheme was used to obtain mono-atomic Sc ion beams. Sc radionuclide release from irradiated target units most effectively could be promoted by volatile scandium fluoride formation. Thus, isotopically pure 44g/mSc, 46 Sc, and 47 Sc were obtained as mono-atomic and molecular ScF 2+ ion beams and collected for the first time at CERN-MEDICIS. Among all the investigated target materials, natTiC is the most suitable target material for Sc mass separation as molecular halide beams, due to high possible operating temperatures and sustained release.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Novel radionuclides for use in Nuclear Medicine in Europe: where do we stand and where do we go?

Author

Radzina M, Saule L, Mamis E, Koester U, Cocolios TE, Pajuste E, Kalnina M, Palskis K, Sawitzki Z, Talip Z, Jensen M, Duchemin C, Leufgen K, and Stora T

Abstract

Background: In order to support the ongoing research across Europe to facilitate access to novel radionuclides, the PRISMAP consortium (European medical radionuclides programme) was established to offer the broadest catalog of non-conventional radionuclides for medical and translational research. The aim of this article is to introduce readers with current status of novel radionuclides in Europe., Main Body: A consortium questionnaire was disseminated through the PRISMAP consortium and user community, professional associations and preclinical/clinical end users in Europe and the current status of clinical end-users in nuclear medicine were identified. A total of 40 preclinical/clinical users institutions took part in the survey. Clinical end users currently use the following radionuclides in their studies: 177 Lu, 68  Ga, 111 In, 90 Y, other alpha emitters, 225 Ac, 64 Cu and Terbium isotopes. Radionuclides that would be of interest for users within the next 2-5 years are 64 Cu, Terbium radionuclide "family" and alpha emitters, such as 225 Ac., Conclusions: Thanks to a questionnaire distributed by the PRISMAP consortium, the current status and needs of clinical end-users in nuclear medicine were identified., (© 2023. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Resonant laser ionization and mass separation of 225 Ac.

Author

Johnson JD, Heines M, Bruchertseifer F, Chevallay E, Cocolios TE, Dockx K, Duchemin C, Heinitz S, Heinke R, Hurier S, Lambert L, Leenders B, Skliarova H, Stora T, and Wojtaczka W

Abstract

[Formula: see text]Ac is a radio-isotope that can be linked to biological vector molecules to treat certain distributed cancers using targeted alpha therapy. However, developing [Formula: see text]Ac-labelled radiopharmaceuticals remains a challenge due to the supply shortage of pure [Formula: see text]Ac itself. Several techniques to obtain pure [Formula: see text]Ac are being investigated, amongst which is the high-energy proton spallation of thorium or uranium combined with resonant laser ionization and mass separation. As a proof-of-principle, we perform off-line resonant ionization mass spectrometry on two samples of [Formula: see text]Ac, each with a known activity, in different chemical environments. We report overall operational collection efficiencies of 10.1(2)% and 9.9(8)% for the cases in which the [Formula: see text]Ac was deposited on a rhenium surface and a ThO[Formula: see text] mimic target matrix respectively. The bottleneck of the technique was the laser ionization efficiency, which was deduced to be 15.1(6)%., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Half-life determination of 155 Tb from mass-separated samples produced at CERN-MEDICIS.

Author

Collins SM, Robinson AP, Ivanov P, Köster U, Cocolios TE, Russell B, Webster B, Fenwick AJ, Duchemin C, Ramos JP, Chevallay E, Jakobsson U, Stegemann S, Regan PH, and Stora T

Subjects
Half-Life, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods, Spectrometry, Gamma, Radioisotopes analysis, Nuclear Medicine
Abstract

Terbium-155 has been identified for its potential for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in nuclear medicine. For activity measurements, an accurate and precise half-life of this radionuclide is required. However, the currently evaluated half-life of 5.32(6) d with a relative standard uncertainty of 1.1% determines the precision possible. Limited literature for the half-life measurements of this radionuclide is available and all reported investigations are prior to 1970. Further measurements are therefore needed to confirm the accuracy and improve the precision of the half-life for its use in the clinical setting. Two samples produced and mass separated at the CERN-MEDICIS facility have been measured at the National Physical Laboratory by two independent techniques: liquid scintillation counting and high-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry. A half-life of 5.2346(36) d has been determined from the weighted mean of the half-lives determined by the two techniques. The half-life reported in this work has shown a relative difference of 1.6% to the currently evaluated half-life and has vastly improved the precision., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Exploring the Potential of High-Molar-Activity Samarium-153 for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy with [ 153 Sm]Sm-DOTA-TATE.

Author

Vermeulen K, Van de Voorde M, Segers C, Coolkens A, Rodriguez Pérez S, Daems N, Duchemin C, Crabbé M, Opsomer T, Saldarriaga Vargas C, Heinke R, Lambert L, Bernerd C, Burgoyne AR, Cocolios TE, Stora T, and Ooms M

Abstract

Samarium-153 is a promising theranostic radionuclide, but low molar activities (Am) resulting from its current production route render it unsuitable for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT). Recent efforts combining neutron activation of 152Sm in the SCK CEN BR2 reactor with mass separation at CERN/MEDICIS yielded high-Am 153Sm. In this proof-of-concept study, we further evaluated the potential of high-Am 153Sm for TRNT by radiolabeling to DOTA-TATE, a well-established carrier molecule binding the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) that is highly expressed in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. DOTA-TATE was labeled with 153Sm and remained stable up to 7 days in relevant media. The binding specificity and high internalization rate were validated on SSTR2-expressing CA20948 cells. In vitro biological evaluation showed that [153Sm]Sm-DOTA-TATE was able to reduce CA20948 cell viability and clonogenic potential in an activity-dependent manner. Biodistribution studies in healthy and CA20948 xenografted mice revealed that [153Sm]Sm-DOTA-TATE was rapidly cleared and profound tumor uptake and retention was observed whilst these were limited in normal tissues. This proof-of-concept study showed the potential of mass-separated 153Sm for TRNT and could open doors towards wider applications of mass separation in medical isotope production.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Technical Design Report for a Carbon-11 Treatment Facility.

Author

Penescu L, Stora T, Stegemann S, Pitters J, Fiorina E, Augusto RDS, Schmitzer C, Wenander F, Parodi K, Ferrari A, and Cocolios TE

Abstract

Particle therapy relies on the advantageous dose deposition which permits to highly conform the dose to the target and better spare the surrounding healthy tissues and organs at risk with respect to conventional radiotherapy. In the case of treatments with heavier ions (like carbon ions already clinically used), another advantage is the enhanced radiobiological effectiveness due to high linear energy transfer radiation. These particle therapy advantages are unfortunately not thoroughly exploited due to particle range uncertainties. The possibility to monitor the compliance between the ongoing and prescribed dose distribution is a crucial step toward new optimizations in treatment planning and adaptive therapy. The Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is an established quantitative 3D imaging technique for particle treatment verification and, among the isotopes used for PET imaging, the 11 C has gained more attention from the scientific and clinical communities for its application as new radioactive projectile for particle therapy. This is an interesting option clinically because of an enhanced imaging potential, without dosimetry drawbacks; technically, because the stable isotope 12 C is successfully already in use in clinics. The MEDICIS-Promed network led an initiative to study the possible technical solutions for the implementation of 11 C radioisotopes in an accelerator-based particle therapy center. We present here the result of this study, consisting in a Technical Design Report for a 11 C Treatment Facility. The clinical usefulness is reviewed based on existing experimental data, complemented by Monte Carlo simulations using the FLUKA code. The technical analysis starts from reviewing the layout and results of the facilities which produced 11 C beams in the past, for testing purposes. It then focuses on the elaboration of the feasible upgrades of an existing 12 C particle therapy center, to accommodate the production of 11 C beams for therapy. The analysis covers the options to produce the 11 C atoms in sufficient amounts (as required for therapy), to ionize them as required by the existing accelerator layouts, to accelerate and transport them to the irradiation rooms. The results of the analysis and the identified challenges define the possible implementation scenario and timeline., Competing Interests: CS is still employed by MedAustron. LP was employed by MedAustron until 2016. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Penescu, Stora, Stegemann, Pitters, Fiorina, Augusto, Schmitzer, Wenander, Parodi, Ferrari and Cocolios.)

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Production and Supply of α-Particle-Emitting Radionuclides for Targeted α-Therapy.

Author

Radchenko V, Morgenstern A, Jalilian AR, Ramogida CF, Cutler C, Duchemin C, Hoehr C, Haddad F, Bruchertseifer F, Gausemel H, Yang H, Osso JA, Washiyama K, Czerwinski K, Leufgen K, Pruszyński M, Valzdorf O, Causey P, Schaffer P, Perron R, Maxim S, Wilbur DS, Stora T, and Li Y

Abstract

Encouraging results from targeted α-therapy have received significant attention from academia and industry. However, the limited availability of suitable radionuclides has hampered widespread translation and application. In the present review, we discuss the most promising candidates for clinical application and the state of the art of their production and supply. In this review, along with 2 forthcoming reviews on chelation and clinical application of α-emitting radionuclides, The Journal of Nuclear Medicine will provide a comprehensive assessment of the field., (© 2021 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.)

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Terbium Medical Radioisotope Production: Laser Resonance Ionization Scheme Development.

Author

Gadelshin VM, Formento Cavaier R, Haddad F, Heinke R, Stora T, Studer D, Weber F, and Wendt K

Abstract

Terbium (Tb) is a promising element for the theranostic approach in nuclear medicine. The new CERN-MEDICIS facility aims for production of its medical radioisotopes to support related R&D projects in biomedicine. The use of laser resonance ionization is essential to provide radioisotopic yields of highest quantity and quality, specifically regarding purity. This paper presents the results of preparation and characterization of a suitable two-step laser resonance ionization process for Tb. By resonance excitation via an auto-ionizing level, the high ionization efficiency of 53% was achieved. To simulate realistic production conditions for Tb radioisotopes, the influence of a surplus of Gd atoms, which is a typical target material for Tb generation, was considered, showing the necessity of radiochemical purification procedures before mass separation. Nevertheless, a 10-fold enhancement of the Tb ion beam using laser resonance ionization was observed even with Gd:Tb atomic ratio of 100:1., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors TS., (Copyright © 2021 Gadelshin, Formento Cavaier, Haddad, Heinke, Stora, Studer, Weber and Wendt.)

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Efficient Production of High Specific Activity Thulium-167 at Paul Scherrer Institute and CERN-MEDICIS.

Author

Heinke R, Chevallay E, Chrysalidis K, Cocolios TE, Duchemin C, Fedosseev VN, Hurier S, Lambert L, Leenders B, Marsh BA, van der Meulen NP, Sprung P, Stora T, Tosato M, Wilkins SG, Zhang H, and Talip Z

Abstract

Thulium-167 is a promising radionuclide for nuclear medicine applications with potential use for both diagnosis and therapy ("theragnostics") in disseminated tumor cells and small metastases, due to suitable gamma-line as well as conversion/Auger electron energies. However, adequate delivery methods are yet to be developed and accompanying radiobiological effects to be investigated, demanding the availability of 167 Tm in appropriate activities and quality. We report herein on the production of radionuclidically pure 167 Tm from proton-irradiated natural erbium oxide targets at a cyclotron and subsequent ion beam mass separation at the CERN-MEDICIS facility, with a particular focus on the process efficiency. Development of the mass separation process with studies on stable 169 Tm yielded 65 and 60% for pure and erbium-excess samples. An enhancement factor of thulium ion beam over that of erbium of up to several 10 4 was shown by utilizing laser resonance ionization and exploiting differences in their vapor pressures. Three 167 Tm samples produced at the IP2 irradiation station, receiving 22.8 MeV protons from Injector II at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), were mass separated with collected radionuclide efficiencies between 11 and 20%. Ion beam sputtering from the collection foils was identified as a limiting factor. In-situ gamma-measurements showed that up to 45% separation efficiency could be fully collected if these limits are overcome. Comparative analyses show possible neighboring mass suppression factors of more than 1,000, and overall 167 Tm/Er purity increase in the same range. Both the actual achieved collection and separation efficiencies present the highest values for the mass separation of external radionuclide sources at MEDICIS to date., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Heinke, Chevallay, Chrysalidis, Cocolios, Duchemin, Fedosseev, Hurier, Lambert, Leenders, Marsh, van der Meulen, Sprung, Stora, Tosato, Wilkins, Zhang and Talip.)

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results