216 results on '"T. Shiroyama"'
Search Results
2. Influence of MgO underlayers on the structure and magnetic properties of FePt-C nanogranular films for heat-assisted magnetic recording media
- Author
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T. Shiroyama, B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad, Y. K. Takahashi, and K. Hono
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Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
In order to optimize the nanogranular structure of FePt-C for heat-assisted magnetic recording media, we investigated the influence of MgO underlayers on the growth of FePt grains in the FePt-C layer. The FePt-C layer was deposited by using the alternating sputtering method, by which FePt and FePt-C layers were alternately deposited. To understand the growth mechanism of the FePt-C layer on the MgO underlayers deposited under various conditions, detailed plan-view and cross sectional transmission electron microscopy observations were made for different film thicknesses. We found that columnar FePt grains grow only when the deposition conditions of the MgO underlayer are optimal. Direct TEM observation of the growth process of the FePt-C layer revealed that the number density of nuclei is sufficient in the initial stage of the film deposition; however, coarsening of the grains after grain impingement causes a substantial decrease in the number density of the FePt grains.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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3. Real World Outcomes of Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease: Validity of Definition and the Efficacies of Antifibrotics
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T. Niitsu, K. Fukushima, S. Takata, S. Komukai, Y. Abe, T. Nii, T. Kuge, S. Iwakoshi, T. Shiroyama, K. Miyake, K. Tsujino, K. Iwahori, H. Hirata, K. Miki, M. Tanagawa, N. Takeuchi, Y. Takeda, H. Kida, and A. Kumanogoh
- Published
- 2023
4. Improved (0 0 1)-texture of FePt-C for heat-assisted magnetic recording media by insertion of Cr buffer layer
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Yukiko Takahashi, A. Felicia, Kazuhiro Hono, T. Shiroyama, and Jincheng Wang
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Recording layer ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Grain size ,Buffer (optical fiber) ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Heat-assisted magnetic recording ,0103 physical sciences ,Magnetic components ,Texture (crystalline) ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
FePt-C granular films deposited on MgO underlayers are the prototype media for heat-assisted magnetic recording. To reduce the in-plane magnetic component in the FePt-C media, we investigated the effect of Cr buffer layers on the crystallographic textures of the MgO underlayers and the resultant magnetic properties of the FePt-C layers. By growing a MgO underlayer on a Cr buffer layer, the (0 0 1) texture of the MgO underlayer is improved, on which the in-plane component of a FePt-C film is substantially reduced. We conclude that the growth in the grain size of the MgO underlayer is the key factor in reducing the in-plane component in the FePt-C recording layer.
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- 2017
5. Development of an oncolytic HSV vector fully retargeted specifically to cellular EpCAM for virus entry and cell-to-cell spread
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Hitomi Ikeda, Miki Yamaguchi, Takeshi Fukuhara, Takuma Suzuki, T Shiroyama, Tetsuro Watabe, Hirohumi Hamada, Justus B. Cohen, Joseph C. Glorioso, Yoshitaka Miyagawa, Tomoko Shibata, Yu Okubo, Hideaki Tahara, and Hiroaki Uchida
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0301 basic medicine ,Herpesvirus entry mediator ,viruses ,Genetic enhancement ,Genetic Vectors ,Nectins ,CHO Cells ,Herpesvirus 1, Human ,Biology ,Gene delivery ,Transfection ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus ,Mice ,Random Allocation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cricetulus ,0302 clinical medicine ,Viral Envelope Proteins ,Viral entry ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Vero Cells ,Molecular Biology ,Oncolytic Virotherapy ,Epithelial cell adhesion molecule ,Hep G2 Cells ,Virus Internalization ,Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Virology ,Oncolytic virus ,030104 developmental biology ,Herpes simplex virus ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Receptors, Virus ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Cell Adhesion Molecules ,Single-Chain Antibodies - Abstract
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors have attracted increasing attention as novel anti-cancer agents. HSV entry is triggered by the binding of glycoprotein D (gD) to its receptors, such as herpesvirus entry mediator or nectin-1. We have recently reported the construction of a fully retargeted HSV platform that incorporates single-chain antibodies (scFv) into gD to mediate entry exclusively via tumor-associated antigens. In this study, we created an scFv directed against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a recognized carcinoma-associated antigen, and inserted it into the retargeted HSV platform that is ablated for gD recognition of its canonical receptors and contains the entry-enhancing mutations in gB we previously identified. We observed that both initial entry and subsequent cell-to-cell spread of the retargeted virus were stringently dependent on cellular EpCAM expression. Interestingly, the retargeted virus developed larger plaques on some of the human tumor lines tested than the control virus bearing wild-type gD. Intratumoral injection of the retargeted virus revealed antitumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. These observations illustrate the versatility of our retargeted HSV platform as it allows expansion of the oncolytic virus toolbox for the treatment of diverse cancers.
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- 2016
6. Structure Optimization of FePt–C Nanogranular Films for Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording Media
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Hossein Sepehri-Amin, A. Perumal, Himanshu Pandey, T. Shiroyama, Jincheng Wang, B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad, Yukiko Takahashi, and Kazuhiro Hono
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Misorientation ,Demagnetizing field ,02 engineering and technology ,Substrate (electronics) ,Coercivity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,Grain size ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Heat-assisted magnetic recording ,0103 physical sciences ,Texture (crystalline) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Systematic investigations for the optimization of FePt–C nanogranular films for heat-assisted magnetic recording media are overviewed. FePt–C films prepared by using compositionally graded process exhibit binomial distribution of grains with a maximum size distribution of 16%. In addition, the average grain size of FePt could be controlled well below 7 nm. Easy-axis distribution can be substantially reduced by growing FePt–C layers on a single crystalline substrate instead of a (001)-textured MgO seed layer, indicating the improvement of (001) texture in the seed layer would reduce the in-plane component. Finite-element micromagnetic simulations incorporating experimentally determined misorientation of FePt grains do not reproduce the experimentally observed demagnetization curve, suggesting the presence of large distribution in the anisotropy fields of FePt grains. A typical growth model of the FePt–C nanogranular films has been proposed on the basis of the thickness-dependent microstructure of the FePt–C nanogranular films, and the suitability of various seed layers has been discussed. The observed results suggest that the suppression of the coarsening of FePt grains is essential to keep the grain size smaller than 6 nm.
- Published
- 2016
7. Columnar Structure in FePt–C Granular Media for Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording
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Jincheng Wang, Kazuhiro Hono, Yukiko Takahashi, T. Shiroyama, and B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad
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Magnetization ,Materials science ,Heat-assisted magnetic recording ,Sputtering ,Volume fraction ,Nanotechnology ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,Microstructure ,Layer (electronics) ,Aspect ratio (image) ,Grain size ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Abstract
We attempted a compositionally graded sputtering process to overcome the phase separation in the growth direction in the FePt–C granular film in order to realize the columnar structure of FePt grains with an aspect ratio larger than 1.5. In order to overcome the problem of the formation of a second FePt–C layer for the thickness larger than 6 nm, we deposited the FePt–C film by changing the carbon concentration during the sputtering process. The formation of the second FePt–C layer was suppressed, which led to the growth of columnar grains with an aspect ratio of 1.5. The overall volume fraction of carbon is a decisive factor on the size of the FePt grains. Using the compositionally graded process, FePt–C nanogranular films with an average grain size of 7.8 nm, a thickness of 10 nm, and a perpendicular coercivity of 40 kOe were obtained.
- Published
- 2015
8. Effect of MgO underlayer misorientation on the texture and magnetic property of FePt–C granular film
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Hossein Sepehri-Amin, T. Shiroyama, Yukiko Takahashi, Kazuhiro Hono, Thomas Schrefl, B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad, Satoshi Hata, and Jincheng Wang
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Condensed matter physics ,Misorientation ,Metals and Alloys ,Substrate (electronics) ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Hysteresis ,Magnetization ,Magnetic anisotropy ,Crystallography ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Ceramics and Composites ,Crystallite ,Texture (crystalline) - Abstract
A transmission electron microscope (TEM) based orientation mapping technique and micromagnetic simulations were applied to study the influence of easy axis distribution (EAD) on magnetic properties of FePt–C granular films which were deposited on a single crystalline MgO (0 0 1) substrate and a (0 0 1)-textured poly-crystalline MgO underlayer. The FePt–C film on the polycrystalline MgO underlayer shows smaller perpendicular coercivity, broader switching field distribution and visible in-plane minor loop compared with that deposited on the single crystalline MgO (0 0 1) substrate. Although the grain sizes and their distributions in both films look similar in TEM, orientation mapping and texture analysis revealed that the polycrystalline MgO underlayer introduces significant misorientation in the (0 0 1)-textured FePt grains. Micromagnetic simulations successfully reproduced the large hysteresis in the in-plane magnetization by introducing the specific misorientation distribution of the FePt grains obtained from the texture analysis. The misoriented FePt grains were found to be grown from misoriented MgO grains, indicating that the improvement of the (0 0 1) texture of the MgO underlayer is essential to reduce the in-plane component of FePt based recording media.
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- 2015
9. Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of FePt–Cr2O3 Films
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T. Shiroyama, Yukiko Takahashi, Kazuhiro Hono, and Bollapragada Varaprasad
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Materials science ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,Microstructure ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2014
10. Microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt–TiC–C granular thin films for perpendicular recording
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W.B. Cui, B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad, Kazuhiro Hono, T. Shiroyama, and Yukiko Takahashi
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Crystallography ,Materials science ,Materials Chemistry ,Perpendicular recording ,General Chemistry ,Coercivity ,Composite material ,Thin film ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,Grain size - Abstract
By using TiC as the segregate, FePt–TiC and FePt–TiC–C thin films were prepared by co-sputtering onto strongly (002)-textured MgO/NiTa underlayer on thermally-oxidized Si substrates. The TiC effects on the microstructure and magnetic properties of L10 ordered FePt and FePt–C thin films were studied. The TiC segregate can refine the grain size of L10 ordered FePt. Coercivities and the degree of L10 ordering were degraded with increasing TiC concentration. By properly tuning the composition of TiC and C, the granular microstructure with average grain size of 10.3 nm and standard deviation of 1.86 nm can be achieved with the coercivity of 1.4 T. The balance between microstructure and magnetic properties indicates that mixture addition as the segregates is promising.
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- 2014
11. High magnetic field sensitivity in anti-ferromagnetically coupled 001-epitaxial [Co2Fe(Al0.5Si0.5)/Ag]N multilayers
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Hossein Sepehri-Amin, T. Shiroyama, Yuya Sakuraba, J. W. Jung, Kazuhiro Hono, and Tomoya Nakatani
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Condensed matter physics ,Field (physics) ,Magnetoresistance ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Giant magnetoresistance ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Epitaxy ,01 natural sciences ,Magnetic field ,Magnetization ,Ferromagnetism ,0103 physical sciences ,Antiferromagnetism ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
We have investigated the effects of the number of repetition (N) of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic bilayers on the magnetic property and current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) in [Co2Fe(Al0.5Si0.5) (CFAS)/Ag]N multilayer for a potential magnetic field sensor application. The antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling (AFM-IEC) between CFAS layers through the Ag(2.1 nm) spacer realized an anti-parallel magnetization configuration between the adjacent CFAS layers with N up to 6, which led to the stable linear response of magnetoresistance (MR) against a magnetic field in the range of 60-70 mT. The resistance change-area product (ΔRA) and the MR ratio were monotonically increased with N from 6.6 mΩ μm2 and 16% for N = 1 (CFAS/Ag/CFAS trilayer) to 23 mΩ μm2 and 43% for N = 6, respectively, giving an enhancement of field sensitivity with N up to 4.5%/mT. We also found nearly 3 times smaller non-linearity (1.2% Full Scale) in the device with N = 6 compared to that with N = 1. This study suggests a potential of Heusler-alloy based multilayer CPP-GMR device having AFM-IEC for magnetic field sensor applications.We have investigated the effects of the number of repetition (N) of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic bilayers on the magnetic property and current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) in [Co2Fe(Al0.5Si0.5) (CFAS)/Ag]N multilayer for a potential magnetic field sensor application. The antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling (AFM-IEC) between CFAS layers through the Ag(2.1 nm) spacer realized an anti-parallel magnetization configuration between the adjacent CFAS layers with N up to 6, which led to the stable linear response of magnetoresistance (MR) against a magnetic field in the range of 60-70 mT. The resistance change-area product (ΔRA) and the MR ratio were monotonically increased with N from 6.6 mΩ μm2 and 16% for N = 1 (CFAS/Ag/CFAS trilayer) to 23 mΩ μm2 and 43% for N = 6, respectively, giving an enhancement of field sensitivity with N up to 4.5%/mT. We also found nearly 3 times smaller non-linearity (1.2% Full Scale) in the device with N = 6 compared to that with N = 1. This study...
- Published
- 2018
12. Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of FePt-MO$_{\rm x}$ Granular Films
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T. Shiroyama, Yukiko Takahashi, Kazuhiro Hono, and Taichi Abe
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Materials science ,Niobium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Surface finish ,Microstructure ,Zirconium compounds ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Smooth surface ,Metal ,chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Surface roughness ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,Carbon - Abstract
We have studied the microstructures and magnetic properties of FePt-segregant granular films to achieve an ideal media structure on glass substrates for thermally assisted magnetic recording. Although FePt-C granular films show an excellent in-plane structure, it does not have a good surface roughness. Meanwhile, FePt-SiO2 granular films have a smooth surface and an interconnected in-plane microstructure. Therefore, to obtain both a surface with a small roughness and well-isolated small columnar grains, we have selected four metal oxides, MOx (M = Nb, W, Zr and Al) as segregants, which are expected to have a driving force for the phase separation between FePt-C and FePt-SiO2 based on thermodynamic evaluation. In this paper, we introduce the ground for selecting these materials as segregants and then show the microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt-MOx granular films.
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- 2013
13. Influence of MgO underlayers on the structure and magnetic properties of FePt-C nanogranular films for heat-assisted magnetic recording media
- Author
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Yukiko Takahashi, T. Shiroyama, B. S. D. Ch. S. Varaprasad, and Kazuhiro Hono
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Number density ,Metallurgy ,General Physics and Astronomy ,02 engineering and technology ,Sputter deposition ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Grain growth ,Heat-assisted magnetic recording ,Sputtering ,Transmission electron microscopy ,0103 physical sciences ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Layer (electronics) ,Deposition (law) ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
In order to optimize the nanogranular structure of FePt-C for heat-assisted magnetic recording media, we investigated the influence of MgO underlayers on the growth of FePt grains in the FePt-C layer. The FePt-C layer was deposited by using the alternating sputtering method, by which FePt and FePt-C layers were alternately deposited. To understand the growth mechanism of the FePt-C layer on the MgO underlayers deposited under various conditions, detailed plan-view and cross sectional transmission electron microscopy observations were made for different film thicknesses. We found that columnar FePt grains grow only when the deposition conditions of the MgO underlayer are optimal. Direct TEM observation of the growth process of the FePt-C layer revealed that the number density of nuclei is sufficient in the initial stage of the film deposition; however, coarsening of the grains after grain impingement causes a substantial decrease in the number density of the FePt grains.
- Published
- 2016
14. [Untitled]
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A. Fairbrother, Geoffrey B. Matthews, Wayne G. Landis, S. Dominquez, M.J. Roze, P. Buchholz, and T. Shiroyama
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biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Aché ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Physiology ,General Medicine ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Hematocrit ,Toxicology ,biology.organism_classification ,language.human_language ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Microtus canicaudus ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,biology.protein ,language ,medicine ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Creatine kinase ,Analysis of variance ,Cholinesterase - Abstract
This study evaluated the usefulness of using groups of biomarkers as measures of exposure and which statistical approach wouldbe most robust for analysing such data. We used both analysis of variance (ANOVA) and nonmetric cluster and associationanalysis (NCAA) to look for patterns in biomarker responses of populations of gray-tailed voles (Microtus canicaudus)in field enclosures exposed to azinphos-methyl (Guthion2S) at 0.0, 1.55 and 4.67 kg active ingredient(AI)ha-1 (four enclosures per treatment level). Biomarkers measured were hematocrit,total leukocyte counts, leukocyte differentiation, plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isocitratedehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities, and plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogenconcentrations. Brain cholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured in a subset of animals. The ANOVAwas able to distinguish differences between treatment groups only for brain AChE. The NCAA confirmedthe ANOVA analysis that brain AChE activity differed significantly among the treatment groups. However,NCAA also identified LDH and CPK activity, and neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers as importantdiscriminants of pesticide treatment. Additionally, changes in blood cell parameters due to spatialgradients were layered over the effects due to the pesticide.
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- 1998
15. Effects of zotepine on extracellular levels of monoamine, GABA and glutamate in rat prefrontal cortex
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S, Yamamura, K, Ohoyama, T, Hamaguchi, M, Nakagawa, D, Suzuki, T, Matsumoto, E, Motomura, H, Tanii, T, Shiroyama, and M, Okada
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Dibenzothiepins ,Male ,Neurons ,Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus ,Ventral Tegmental Area ,Action Potentials ,Glutamic Acid ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Research Papers ,Rats ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Animals ,Haloperidol ,Raphe Nuclei ,Biogenic Monoamines ,Drug Interactions ,Locus Coeruleus ,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
The atypical antipsychotic drug, zotepine, is effective in treatment of schizophrenia and acute mania, but the incidence of seizures during treatment is higher than with other antipsychotics. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the clinical actions of zotepine remain uncharacterized.The effects of intraperitoneal administration of zotepine and haloperidol on the extracellular levels of noradrenaline, dopamine, 5-HT, GABA, and glutamate in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were compared. Neuronal activities induced by each drug in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), locus coeruleus (LC), dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MTN) were also analysed.Haloperidol did not affect extracellular neurotransmitter levels in the mPFC. In contrast, zotepine activated neuronal activities in all nuclei and increased the extracellular levels of noradrenaline, dopamine, GABA, and glutamate in the mPFC, but not 5-HT levels. The zotepine-stimulated neuronal activity in the VTA, LC, DRN and MTN enhanced the release of dopamine, noradrenaline, 5-HT, glutamate and GABA in the mPFC, although the enhanced GABAergic transmission possibly inhibited noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-HT release. The other afferent to mPFC, which releases dopamine and noradrenaline, was partially insensitive to GABAergic inhibition, but possibly received stimulatory AMPA/glutamatergic regulation from the MTN.Our results indicated that the positive interaction between prefrontal catecholaminergic transmission and AMPA/glutamatergic transmission from MTN might explain the regulatory effects of zotepine on neurotransmitter release. A mechanism is suggested to account for the pharmacological profile of this atypical antipsychotic and for its pro-convulsive action.
- Published
- 2009
16. P.2.g.008 Effects of lemon and valerian inhalation on autonomic nerve activity in depressed and healthy subjects
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T. Shiroyama, Teruhisa Komori, Takuya Matsumoto, and E. Motomura
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Pharmacology ,Valerian ,Autonomic nerve ,Inhalation ,biology ,business.industry ,Healthy subjects ,biology.organism_classification ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Anesthesia ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2009
17. P.2.g.006 Effects of phosphatidylserine on depression in the elderly
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Teruhisa Komori, Takuya Matsumoto, E. Motomura, and T. Shiroyama
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Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Phosphatidylserine ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Published
- 2009
18. Cholinergic and noncholinergic tegmental pedunculopontine projection neurons in rats revealed by intracellular labeling
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K, Takakusaki, T, Shiroyama, T, Yamamoto, and S T, Kitai
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Male ,Neurons ,Tegmentum Mesencephali ,Lysine ,In Vitro Techniques ,Immunohistochemistry ,Axons ,Electric Stimulation ,Choline O-Acetyltransferase ,Rats ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Substantia Nigra ,Mesencephalon ,Pons ,Neural Pathways ,Animals ,Evoked Potentials - Abstract
Morphological features of rat pedunculopontine projection neurons were investigated in in vitro preparation by using intracellular labeling with biocytin combined with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry. These neurons were classified into two types (Type I and II), based on their electrical membrane properties: Type I had low-threshold Ca2+ spikes, and Type II had A-current. All Type I neurons (n = 17) were ChAT immunonegative (ChAT-). Type II neurons were either ChAT immunopositive (ChAT+; n = 49) or ChAT- (n = 20). In terms of topography in the tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), Type I neurons were dispersed throughout the extent of the nucleus, whereas Type II neurons tended to be located more in the rostral and middle sections. Both Type I and II neurons consisted of small (long axis20 microns), medium (20-35 microns), and large (35 microns) cells. The small cells were round or oval; medium cells were round, triangular, or fusiform; and the large cells were primarily fusiform in shape. In terms of the soma size, there was a difference in Type I (15-38 microns) and Type II (11-50 microns) neurons, but no significant difference was found between Type II ChAT+ and ChAT- cells. Both types of neurons had three to six primary dendrites, but the dendritic field was more prominent in Type II neurons. Most of the axons originated from one of the primary dendrites, which gave off axon collaterals, some of which projected out of the nucleus. The intrinsic collaterals were thin and branched partly within the dendritic field of the parent cell. The extrinsic collaterals were thicker and could be grouped into three categories: 1) collaterals arborizing in the substantia nigra; 2) collaterals ascending mainly toward the thalamus, pretectal, and tectal area; and 3) collaterals descending toward the mesencephalic and/or pontine reticular formation. It was noted that the collaterals of both ChAT+ and ChAT-neurons were traced into the substantia nigra. There was no significant difference in antidromic latencies between Type I (m = 1.47 msec) and Type II (m = 1.36 msec) neurons following electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra.
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- 1996
19. Extension of Surgical Indication for Gastric Cancer with Peritoneal Metastasis by Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
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F. Imamura, Daisuke Makiura, Y. Goda, Y. Hashiguchi, M. Mizuta, N. Sugimoto, S. Fujita, Shinya Ueda, S. Ozaki, M. Kawayama, M. Niimi, Kojiro Futagami, N. Matsubara, T. Tamaki, M. Fukushima, K. Hirokaga, Won Seog Kim, A. Koyama, K. Matsumoto, H. Kusumoto, Y. Yoshida, T. Sasatomi, H. Akamatsu, A. Ohtsu, I. Sasaki, X. Liu, T. Ura, Chandra P. Belani, H. Yamamoto, K. Watanabe, N. Hokamura, H. Fukushima, H. Nishizaki, K. Yonesaka, Noriaki Ohuchi, S. Takao, H.-J. Tsai, Dimitri Pchejetski, K. Sunami, H. Fujimoto, J. Zhang, H. Samura, Tomoko Oku, M. Mori, Eiji Oki, T. Yano, N. Yamamoto, J. Tsukada, Yasutaka Sukawa, Kazuyoshi Yanagihara, A. Goy, J. Inoue, Kazuto Nishio, Y-C Chang, L. Wang, N. Kotani, M. Inomata, T. Nishimura, C.-C. Lin, N. Aisu, R. Saura, M. Makino, Hideki Shimodaira, Y. Fujishima, Satoshi Watanabe, H. Tanaka, Akiko Hisamoto, Koichi Akashi, J. E. Jang, T. Nobuoka, Chihiro Makimura, Taichi Isobe, T. Takahashi, C. Morizane, S.-M. Chang, N. Takigawa, F. Lv, N. Katagami, A. Kumagai, Takahide Komori, Koichi Hirata, N. Okamoto, A. Makiyama, Y. Takahashi, Hideyuki Hayashi, S. Iwasa, J.-C. Lin, J. S. Kim, K. Eguchi, A. Yokoyama, H. Kunimoto, M. Inoue, L. Sauer, H. Ueno, M. Nakano, A.-H. Kwon, Kiyoshi Ando, H. Nishimura, M. Kaibori, S. Arita, K. Tauchi, Erina Hatashita, H. Yoshioka, Ikuo Sekine, S. Iida, S.-F. Lin, J. Cao, H. Horinouchi, S. Atagi, H. Harashima, Hironori Ishigami, H. Isobe, Yoshimitsu Kobayashi, Shinichi Nishina, M. Motonaga, Tokuzo Arao, M. Edagawa, Kazuo Shirouzu, Kei Kawana, A. Kitamura, Emiko Sakaida, T. Ozaki, H. Fukada, Hiromichi Ishiyama, A. Tsuya, Manabu Muto, K. Takizawa, Satoru Kitazono, H. Uemura, T. Nakagawa, S. Kondo, Naoto Takahashi, Hisato Kawakami, M. D. Galsky, Shigeki Ito, Yoshihiko Maehara, S. Negoro, H. Matsushita, M. Kashiwa-Motoyama, Yoshinori Imamura, Kunio Okamoto, T. Ecke, Miyako Takahashi, T. Matsuno, K. Itoh, K. Tanaka, Kazuo Tamura, Y. Suzuki, A. Iwashima, K. Katayama, Tsuyoshi Shirakawa, M. Ohtsu, Ryohei Sasaki, M. Hayashi, M. Egyed, M. Tateyama, M. Munakata, T. Nomizu, T. Muta, T. Terauchi, Shin Takahashi, Y. Kohjimoto, I. Kawase, L. Qiu, Nozomi Niitsu, Y. Nishida, Hironori Yamaguchi, T. Sawai, T. Nakajima, Takanori Ishida, Tatsuo Oyake, M. Nagase, T. Yoshinami, Y. Sakata, Chiaki Imai, M. Kitazono, W. K. Oh, H. Kataoka, Y. Kakechi, Y. Terasaki, T. Miyagishima, Akira Yamada, A. Ono, R. Konno, M. Higashiguchi, Y. Namba, Hiroshi Kagamu, Eiki Ichihara, H. Nakasa, T. Yagi, Y. Tamaki, T. Onoe, N. Sonoda, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, H. Yamana, M. Sasaki, Yoji Ishida, K. Kaira, S. Yokoyama, W. Li, M. Tanioka, Eishi Baba, Hitoshi Kusaba, H. Suzuki, Sung Yong Oh, N. M. Hahn, Tomoko Kataoka, M. Mikami, Chikatoshi Katada, Y. Narita, J. Leach, T. Uehara, K. Miura, S. Yamamoto, O. Kobayashi, Kentaro Yamanaka, Katsuyuki Kiura, S. Hua, H. Miyao, Y. Kodama, Isamu Okamoto, K. Mikami, T. Hirashima, E. Konno, Naoko Chayahara, Junta Tanaka, Chang Fang Chiu, Hironobu Minami, Tadashi Hasegawa, Atsuo Okamura, T. Okusaka, K.-I. Nishiyama, M. Satouchi, Y. Maekawa, T. Kato, Rei Ono, F. Hongo, Mamoru Watanabe, T. Miki, M. Ogura, Masato Komoda, S. Natsugoe, Yuichi Takiguchi, I. Iwanaga, Hiroshi Soeda, Y. Fujiwara, M. Endo, H. Yasui, S. Katano, Satoshi Yuki, K. Nagai, H. Tsukuda, Jun Koshio, I. Hara, J. Tomomatsu, M. Kudo, Kenichi Yoshimura, T. Esaki, Satoshi Morita, R. Udagawa, M. Nakamura, S. Miura, K. Iwata, W. Su, N. Nonomura, S. J. Kim, Y. Omori, T. Shukuya, S. Y. Hyun, H. Hara, Yasunori Emi, M. Nezu, S. Tanimura, Koji Wada, Y. H. Min, D. Y. Hwang, Yoshito Komatsu, S. Takaishi, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Mayumi Ono, K. Sato, Yuka Kato, T. Mine, S. Egawa, J. Li, N. Matsumura, Y. Tsuji, Hiroyuki Hata, Hirohisa Yoshizawa, S. Sogabe, Y. Guo, D. Kuroda, Chih-Cheng Chen, T. Takano, X. Hong, Y. D. Kim, K. Oda, Shoji Tokunaga, Masahiro Nozawa, Takeshi Sugawara, T. Fukui, Y. Saito, T. Fukuda, Yasuhisa Shinomura, Y. Yamashita, T. Minami, H. Mukai, Y. Ito, Ayumu Hosokawa, Hiroshi Nakatsumi, Y. Ohoka, S. Matsuyama, H. Takase, T. Akimoto, M. Ishizaki, T. Nakamura, Masahiro Tabata, T. Shimada, K. Shitara, Kimiharu Uozumi, T. Shiroyama, A. Umeta, N. Akakura, T.-Y. Chen, Kiyoko Kuwata, S. Emoto, Y. Naito, O. Muto, Cheolwon Suh, H. Oda, S. Fujii, Kenichiro Kudo, H. Hino, N. Morishita, Hiromichi Matsuoka, Y. Adachi, K. Minato, W.-Y. Kao, K. Hatake, Kosuke Ichikawa, Wataru Okamoto, S. H. Yoon, N. Wada, K. Uchida, U. Fujii, Ih-Jen Su, E. Vandendries, H. Ootsuka, Mitsuaki Tatsumi, K. Hatanaka, K. Matsui, M. Saijo, Fumihiko Fujita, W.-L. Hwang, Y. Negoro, M. Asanabe, Aya Kita, Hideo Baba, H. C. Chung, H. Igaki, J. Hashimoto, Yohei Funakoshi, Ukihide Tateishi, Masanori Toyoda, T. Feldman, Y. Kimura, T. Kondo, Yoshito Akagi, T. Kojima, A. Bamias, D. Takahari, Katsuyuki Hotta, K. Tobinai, K. Yamazaki, A. Volkert, T. Miyake, Hiroharu Yamashita, H. Iishi, Kazunori Murai, Y. Hata, M. Ri, H. Tomioka, S. Kato, M. Fukuoka, Y. Nakamura, Naomi Kiyota, Yee Soo Chae, T. Kimura, N. Gondo, Hiroshi Saeki, G. Sonpavde, H. S. Eom, K. Tane, Yasuo Ohashi, Yasuyuki Kawamoto, T. Beppu, T. Naito, M. Iwasaku, T. Ueda, R. Nakatake, Y. Umeyama, Takayasu Kurata, H. Kenmotsu, Hironori Ashinuma, Y. Miura, Ken-ichi Nibu, Y. Ogata, Toshihiro Miyamoto, N. Uike, K. Muro, S. Goya, Yasushi Takamatsu, Ichiei Narita, Chikashi Ishioka, T. Sueta, Satoshi Takeuchi, M.-C. Chang, Y. Iwanami, Yasuo Hamamoto, H. Kashihara, Yoshikazu Kotani, H. Daiko, Y. Kakugawa, J.-W. Cheong, T. Oochi, Joji Kitayama, K. Matsuo, M. Tamiya, Tzeon Jye Chiou, T. Sugiura, K. Kato, S. Krege, Masatomo Otsuka, A. Kitao, Y. Tanaka, Toru Mukohara, Masataka Taguri, Y. Hattori, T. Harada, Y. Hasegawa, S. Hoshino, K. Yoneyama, M. Ikeda, Shingo Tamura, H. Murakami, M. Kitada, K. Yanase, K. Nosho, and C. S. Chim
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Colorectal cancer ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Chemotherapy regimen ,Surgery ,Metastasis ,Oncology ,Pancreatic fistula ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Gastrectomy ,business ,Laparoscopy - Abstract
Background The prognosis of gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis is extremely poor. Neither systemic chemotherapy nor surgery alone prolongs survival of patients significantly. Methods Patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer underwent staging laparoscopy and received chemotherapy when peritoneal dissemination and/or cancer cells on peritoneal cytology were confirmed. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of S-1, weekly intravenous and intraperitoneal paclitaxel, which was verified in our phase II trial (Ann Oncol 2009). S-1 was administered at 80 mg/m2/day for 14 consecutive days, followed by 7 days rest. Paclitaxel was administered intravenously at 50 mg/m2 and intraperitoneally at 20 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. Clinical response of chemotherapy was assessed by computed tomography, gastroendoscopy, peritoneal cytology and second-look laparoscopy. Radical gastrectomy was carried out when macroscopic curative resection was made achievable by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was restarted after operation as soon as possible. Overall survival, relapse free survival, morbidity and mortality of gastrectomy were evaluated. Results Out of 100 patients with peritoneal metastasis who received chemotherapy, 60 patients underwent gastrectomy after response to chemotherapy, including 54 with macroscopic metastasis and 6 with positive peritoneal cytology only. A median of three courses were administered preoperatively (range 1–16). Total or distal gastrectomy with lymphnode dissection was carried out in 54 or 6 patients, respectively. The median survival time was 34.5 months. The median relapse-free survival was 16.7 months. The first site of relapse was the peritoneum in 24 patients and the other organ site in 17 patients. Postoperative complications included anastomotic leakage and pancreatic fistula in two patients each, which were healed conservatively. There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions Gastrectomy combined with S-1, intravenous and intraperitoneal paclitaxel is safe and active for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis.
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- 2012
20. SRPX2 is a Novel Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan that is Overexpressed in Gastrointestinal Cancer
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T. Hirashima, Y. Omuro, C. Kondo, T. Kanematsu, K. Muraki, Po-Chuan Wang, K. Ishiguro, Young-Ae Park, C.-Y. Lu, C.-C. Liao, H. Tei, H. Takeyama, M. Toishi, A. D. Abdullah, M. Terada, K. Yamamoto, N. Yamamoto, K. Fujii, M. Sugimoto, H. Kakizaki, K. Shinozaki, Y. Okada, Yoko Inaguma, S. Shimizu, Shigeki Ito, H. Y. Lim, N. Nogami, N. Awata, M. Nishioka, H. Ueoka, Tomoya Ishii, Y. Ahn, Kazumichi Kawakubo, Y. Aoyagi, C. Nishijima, R. Kameda, A. Okamoto, Y. Yamashita-Kashima, H. Suzuki, K. Yamao, A. Yonemori, H. Fukuda, H. Katayama, K. Honoki, T. Nomura, Y. Tono, T. Shimoyama, J. Nagano, H. Miyamoto, Y. Takeda, M. Fukutake, N. Katsumata, S. Fujita, K. Fujimoto-Ouchi, D. Tamura, H. Obaishi, S. Mitsunaga, J.-H. Baek, Yuichiro Tada, K. Uno, S. Oura, M. Nakamura, Y. Imanura, Atsushi Kumanogoh, M. Manabe, Kaoru Tanaka, T. Yokota, K. Saito, K. Tamura, Yukihiko Fujii, T. Lim, Toshihiko Tomita, C. Seki, Masafumi Taniwaki, Tomohide Sugiyama, N. Kunami, T. Yoshino, Y. Takeoka, T. 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Yokota, Shinya Kajiura, M. Imano, T. Iwai, T. Kobayashi, T. Kubota, N. Kanaji, M. Ohdate, T. Tsukamoto, S. Zenda, A. Fukutomi, T. Kumura, R. Ogawa, K. Shintaku, Kazuto Nishio, T. Morimoto, W. Shioyama, E. K. Cho, H.-I. Lu, Y. Suginoshita, K. Yamaguchi, Y. Shindo, N. Hirokami, J. Shimizu, Chihiro Makimura, K. Araki, T. Taniyama, T. Tanaka, Y. Tanbo, Hiroto Miwa, Y. Hirai, J. Park, Asao Hirose, M. Doi, A. Goto, S. Nomura, S. Ikegaya, A. Yoshii, M. Akahane, T. Kakuma, K. Miyabayashi, S. Y. Kim, H. Kitade, B. Han, K. Yamada, Tadayuki Oshima, J. Ishizawa, M. Miyata, E. Sasak, R. Aibara, N. Takahara, S. Kanno, T. Kojima, I. Ohno, E. Sasaki, E. Tone, A. Morita, R. Suzuki, Yukio Hosomi, Hiroo Ishida, T. Akimoto, N. Hashimoto, T. Takakuwa, K. Umekawa, A. Toyoshima, K. Hara, J. Kitagawa, H. Taniguchi, T. Kamiya, M. Takai, Y. Watanabe, Yasuhito Tanaka, A. Sawada, T. Yasui, Y. Onozawa, Akihiro Hirakawa, S. Okamoto, K. K. Kim, Y.-M. Wang, Y. Takai, T. Tsumura, H. Hirama, Shigeo Horiike, K. Kawasumi, N. Shimeno, Junya Kuroda, C.-Y. Huang, Y.-H. Chen, H. Ogata, S. Matsumoto, I. Takahashi, Hideo Tomioka, I. Okamoto, Itaru Endo, T. M. S. Kam, K. Sekihara, C.-T. Liu, K. Chikamori, N. Hirota, K. Hiramatsu, D. Hamaguchi, T. Nishii, N. Ohmiya, T. Shimizu, T. Sakaizawa, Hiromichi Matsuoka, K. Kawa, J. H. Ji, S. Izumi, T. Hara, Y. Tsuyumu, T. Oguri, T. Akiyama, Y. Ichida, A. Simoyama, T. Hirakata, Y. Yoshimitsu, Y. Sasaki, T. Yamazaki, T. Tsushima, R. Okamoto, Y. Tsukioka, Nobuhiko Seki, S.-M. Bang, Y. Kubota, N. Harada, C.-H. Huang, J. Y. Hong, T. Andou, T. Shimada, T. Doi, Yoshihiro Ono, S. Nanjo, H. Hara, Y. Kikukawa, M. K. Choi, K.-M. Rau, Y. Tomizawa, O. Maeda, K. Ishida, Y. Naito, N. Machida, T. Otsuka, T. Hase, H. Morishita, K. Fukuhara, M. Yoshino, M. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, Heui June Ahn, M. Nisimoto, Y. Sunakawa, Y. Miyakawa, Choung Soo Kim, S.-W. Wang, Takashi Sone, M. Iguchi, T. Shimokawa, Tomoyuki Nagai, K. Morioka, A. Numata, R. Toyozawa, R. Miyahara, Y. M. Ahn, Hyo Song Kim, D. W. Hwang, H. Takamori, Shin-Hee Lee, Narikazu Boku, T. Mizuno, N. Katakami, J. H. Lee, Y. Okuma, Koji Kurokawa, K. Takeda, N. Sakiyama, R. Tachikawa, Satoshi Morita, T. K. Fai, K. H. Seong, K. Yorozu, T. Okamura, Ryo Takahashi, T. Kotake, Y. Arai, T. Kawamura, K. Yakushijinn, Y. Shimada, H. Sugiyama, S. Kamachi, A. Mugitani, T. Yasue, Y. Sugihara, S. Shu, Y. Osaki, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Y. Hashiguchi, K. Funasaka, Y. S. Koo, Tohru Ohmori, S. J. Koh, N. Kanemura, H. Kotani, M. Hsin, T. Kagoo, and A. Inoue
- Subjects
biology ,Molecular mass ,business.industry ,Angiogenesis ,Hematology ,Cell biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Proteoglycan ,Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan ,Cancer cell ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Hepatocyte growth factor ,Antibody ,Cell adhesion ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SRPX2 (Sushi repeat-containing protein, X-linked 2) has recently emerged as a multifunctional protein that is involved in seizure disorders, angiogenesis and cellular adhesion. Here, we analyzed this protein biochemically. SRPX2 protein was secreted with a highly post-translational modification. Chondroitinase ABC treatment completely decreased the molecular mass of purified SRPX2 protein to its predicted size, whereas heparitinase, keratanase and hyaluroinidase did not. Secreted SRPX2 protein was also detected using an anti-chondroitin sulfate antibody. These results indicate that SRPX2 is a novel chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). Furthermore, a binding assay revealed that hepatocyte growth factor dose-dependently binds to SRPX2 protein, and a ligand–glycosaminoglycans interaction was speculated to be likely in proteoglycans. Regarding its molecular architecture, SRPX2 has sushi repeat modules similar to four other CSPGs/lecticans; however, the molecular architecture of SRPX2 seems to be quite different from that of the lecticans. Taken together, we found that SRPX2 is a novel CSPG that is overexpressed in gastrointestinal cancer cells. Our findings provide key glycobiological insight into SRPX2 in cancer cells and demonstrate that SRPX2 is a new member of the cancer-related proteoglycan family.
- Published
- 2012
21. A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of emd 1214063, an Oral Selective CMET Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
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M. Boyer, Masahiro Tsuboi, M. Laniado, T. Nukiwa, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Hirohisa Yoshizawa, S. Kobayashi, Filip Janku, M. Takeda, Manfred B. Klevesath, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, W. Uhl, K. Arakawa, Akihiko Gemma, N. Omachi, T. Tsuji, A. Tamiya, T. Yoshino, Yoshiki Ishii, N. Yamamoto, G. Falchook, T. Kawaguchi, Satoshi Oizumi, Luis Paz-Ares, Gerald S. Falchook, Andreas Johne, Y-L. Wu, J-C. Soria, Isamu Okamoto, P. Rougier, S. Atagi, A. Campbell, H. Lannert, Razelle Kurzrock, T. Shiroyama, Siquing Fu, K. Asami, H. Isobe, A. Ohtsu, V. Antic, S.-Y. Lee, K. Park, H. Crane, C.-M. Tsai, Sojiro Morita, Ralph Zinner, Jennifer J. Wheler, M. Wirth, Stephen P. Letrent, Sarina Anne Piha-Paul, Pasi A. Jänne, N. Yoshizuka, M. Tamiya, Tony Mok, K. Takeda, Motoki Yoshida, M. D. Rutstein, J.J. Wheler, H. Suzuki, Thierry Gil, H. Tada, S. Ballal, A. Grothey, S. Zastrow, N. Okamoto, Akira Inoue, Y. Ichinose, K. Sugio, S. Minomo, Aung Naing, Ian Taylor, S. Nakamura, Yoichi Nakanishi, Joe O'Connell, Y. Saijyo, J. T.abernero, Jane Q. Liang, F. Nasroulah, Suresh S. Ramalingam, K. O'Byrne, T. Mitsudomi, Axel Heidenreich, N. Morishita, V. Jego, K. Okishio, K. Yamazaki, Jürgen E. Gschwend, T. Hirashima, David S. Hong, M. Zühlsdorf, T. Yamanaka, D.S. Hong, X. Zhang, Apostolia-Maria Tsimberidou, J. Gerloff, A. Miao, Koichi Hagiwara, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, and Hesham M. Amin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Nausea ,Cmax ,Hematology ,Neutropenia ,medicine.disease ,Asymptomatic ,Gastroenterology ,Regimen ,Oncology ,Pharmacokinetics ,Pharmacodynamics ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background The cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met and its ligand, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), are implicated in tumor cell migration, invasion, survival and proliferation. EMD 1214063 is a novel potent and highly selective reversible, ATP-competitive small molecule c-Met inhibitor. Methods This is a phase I, first in human (FIH) clinical trial with escalating doses of EMD 121406(NCT 01014936). The primary objective is to determine the MTD. Secondary objectives include evaluation of safety, pharmacokinetics, anti-tumor effect and pharmacodynamics (Pd). Eligible patients had advanced solid tumors not amenable to standard therapies. Following a classical 3 + 3 dose escalation scheme, successive cohorts of patients were treated with once daily oral EMD 1214063 according to two 21-day-cycle schedules, either days 1-14 followed by a 7-day rest(regimen 1, R1), or continuous three times weekly administration (regimen 2, R2). Pd markers were evaluated in paired tumor biopsies. Results As of 30 March 2011, a total of 41 patients had been enrolled, 21 in R1 and 20 in R2. The dose was escalated from 30 mg/day to 115 mg/day in R2 and to 230 mg/day in R1. One DLT was reported in R1 at 115 mg/day, an asymptomatic, grade 4 lipase and G3 amylase elevation. No other DLTs or treatment-related SAEs were observed. The remaining treatment-related AEs of grade 2 or higher included nausea (n = 1), vomiting (n = 1), anorexia (n = 1), diarrhea (n = 1), and fatigue (n = 1) in R1, and neutropenia (n = 1) in R2. 37 patients (90%) had no drug-related toxicity greater than grade 1. At the dose levels investigated, median Cmax and AUC values increased with dose. Immunohistochemical analysis of a patient with pre- and on-treatment biopsies showed a decrease in phospho-c-Met staining intensity under treatment. Preliminary anti-tumor activity has been observed, including an unconfirmed PR in one patient and stable disease lasting for at least 4 months in 5 patients. One patient with sarcomatoid bladder carcinoma and multiple MET copies due to polysomy of chromosome 7 achieved SD for 16+ months. Conclusions The MTD has not yet been reached and dose escalation of EMD 1214063 continues. Updated results of this FIH study will be presented.
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- 2012
22. The Clinical Significance of the Serum Cross-Linked N-Telopeptide of Type I Collagen as a Prognostic Marker for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
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T. Shiroyama, M. Tamiya, T. Hirashima, S. Morita, O. Morimura, K. Okafuji, N. Morishita, H. Suzuki, N. Okamoto, M. Kobayashi, and I. Kawase
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Performance status ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Cancer ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Oncology ,N-terminal telopeptide ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Adenocarcinoma ,business ,Lung cancer ,human activities ,Survival rate - Abstract
The clinical significance of the serum crosslinked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) as a prognostic marker for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was evaluated. We have revealed that a high serum NTx level (>22 nmol bone collagen equivalents (BCE)/L) appears to be a risk factor for a reduction in overall survival in patients with NSCLC. Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Many patients with lung cancer are in its advanced stages at the time of diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate for lung cancer is 10% to 20%, and the prognosis for patients with lung cancer is still poor. The crosslinked N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) is a metabolite of type I collagen, the main constituent of bone matrix. Patients and Methods: We measured serum NTx levels in patients who underwent staging during hospitalization for the initial treatment of lung cancer in our department. We examined whether serum NTx levels would be relevant to the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results: This study included 176 patients with lung cancer (125 men and 51 women), including 109 with adenocarcinoma, 53 with squamous cell carcinoma, 6 with large-cell carcinoma, and 8 with other cancer types. Univariate and multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model revealed a particularly close associ- ation between sex, performance status, disease stage, and serum NTx levels and overall survival (OS). A median OS of 368 days was observed for patients with a serum NTx level 22 nmol BCE/L, which was significantly longer than the 197 days for patients with a serum NTx level 22 nmol BCE/L (hazard ratio (HR), 2.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36-2.99; log-rank P.00037). Conclusions: We have revealed that a high serum NTx level ( 22 nmol BCE/L) appears to be a risk factor for a reduction in OS in patients with NSCLC.
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- 2012
23. In vitro closing behavior of the St. Jude Medical heart valve in the pulmonary position. Valve incompetence originating in the prosthesis itself
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Y, Kiyota, T, Shiroyama, T, Akamatsu, Y, Yokota, and T, Ban
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Models, Structural ,Pulmonary Valve ,Evaluation Studies as Topic ,Heart Valve Prosthesis ,Videotape Recording ,Prosthesis Design ,Prosthesis Failure - Abstract
We examined the in vitro closing behavior of the St. Jude Medical heart valve, simulating (1) a low-pressure system, (2) the anatomic peculiarity of the right ventricular outflow tract and the main pulmonary artery, and (3) disturbed diastolic compliance of the right ventricle. The variables in the experiment were the load impedance to the pump and the valve orientation. The results were as follows. The sequence of closure of the two semidiscs was based on the valve orientation; reduction in impedance caused the semidisc that closed last to remain open, while the other semidisc continued its open-close motion; further reduction in impedance prevented the semidisc, which continued its open-close motion, from closing completely. These results highlight the forces involved in semidisc closure and the existence of a threshold of force for completion of semidisc closure. Further, the results demonstrate that under certain circumstances the threshold cannot be exceeded via those forces. Therefore this incompetence must originate in the prosthesis itself. In this regard, we suggest an urgent need to reconsider the indications for St. Jude Medical heart valve pulmonic implantation. Finally, we advocate the necessity for an in vitro assessment of valve prostheses in a low-pressure system, to evaluate the safety of right-sided placement.
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- 1992
24. [A family study of the two cases with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia with reference to genetic aspects]
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T, Nakanishi, T, Shiroyama, D, Inoue, M, Uno, K, Kitamura, M, Kooda, H, Nakagawa, M, Higami, M, Yoshiga, and H, Sugihara
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Adult ,Male ,Death, Sudden ,Electrocardiography ,Echocardiography ,Heart Ventricles ,Humans ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Middle Aged ,Cardiomyopathies - Published
- 1986
25. Amitrole concentrations in creek waters downstream from an aerially sprayed watershed sub-basin
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R B, Marston, D W, Schults, T, Shiroyama, and L V, Snyder
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Oregon ,Herbicides ,Water Supply ,Water - Published
- 1968
26. [Diagnosis of swelling]
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T, Shiroyama
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Diagnosis, Differential ,Inflammation ,Humans ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Mouth Diseases - Published
- 1967
27. Simulated herbicide drift alters native plant flowering phenology.
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Olszyk D, Pfleeger T, Shiroyama T, Blakeley-Smith M, Lee EH, Nash MS, and Plocher M
- Abstract
Data for herbicide effects on plant flowering are needed to determine potential impacts on plant reproduction. Thus, flowering phenology was determined for up to 12 weeks after herbicide treatment for native Willamette Valley plants growing in small plots on two Oregon State University experimental farms. Six perennial species were evaluated: Camassia leichtlinii (CALE), Elymus glaucus (ELGL), Eriophyllum lanatum (ERLA), Festuca idahoensis subsp. roemeri (FEID), Iris tenax (IRTE), and Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata (PRVU). Effects of glyphosate and dicamba, alone and in combination, were determined using simulated drift rates of 0.1 or 0.2 x field application rates (FAR) of 1119 g ha
-1 active ingredient (a.i.) (830 g ha-1 acid glyphosate) for glyphosate and 560 g ha-1 a.i. for dicamba. Flowering phenology was evaluated as stage of development on a scale from no buds (converted to 0), buds (1), pre-flowering (2), flowering (3), post-flowering (4), to mature seeds (5) before herbicide treatment and for 12 weeks after treatment. Flowering response to herbicides varied by species and farm; but, in general, dicamba and glyphosate resulted in earlier flowering stages (delayed or not full flowering) for the dicot ERLA, and to a lesser extent, PRVU; and glyphosate resulted in earlier flowering stages for the monocot IRTE. Based on these data, the concentration of herbicide affecting flowering stage was 0.1 x FAR. Once flowering stage was inhibited by dicamba and glyphosate, plants generally did not recover to full flowering. This study provided evidence that common herbicides can affect flowering phenology of native plants with implications for seed production., (© 2024. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)- Published
- 2024
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28. Risk Stratification According to Baseline and Early Change in Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoimmunotherapy: A Multicenter Real-World Study.
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Matsumoto K, Yamamoto Y, Shiroyama T, Kuge T, Mori M, Tamiya M, Kinehara Y, Tamiya A, Suzuki H, Tobita S, Ueno K, Niki T, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Middle Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Adult, Cohort Studies, Retrospective Studies, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Neutrophils, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lymphocytes, Immunotherapy methods
- Abstract
Background: Chemoimmunotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, data on clinical predictive factors remain scarce., Objective: We aim to identify clinical biomarkers in patients undergoing chemoimmunotherapy., Methods: This multicenter, real-world cohort study included chemonaive patients who underwent chemoimmunotherapy between December 2018 and May 2022. Multivariate analysis was used to determine associations between survival outcomes and patient background, including baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its dynamic change (ΔNLR). To further investigate the clinical significance of NLR, patients were classified based on their peripheral immune status, defined by a combination of NLR and ΔNLR., Results: The study included 280 patients with 30.1 months of median follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that older individuals, poor performance status, tumor proportion score < 1%, liver metastasis, baseline NLR ≥ 5, and ΔNLR ≥ 0 independently correlated significantly with shorter progression-free and overall survival (OS). Patients with high peripheral immune status (defined as NLR <5 and ΔNLR < 0) significantly improved long-term survival (2-year OS rate of 58.3%), whereas those with low peripheral immune status (defined as NLR ≥ 5 and ΔNLR ≥ 0) had extremely poor outcomes (2-year OS rate of 5.6%). Safety profiles did not differ significantly in terms of severe adverse events and treatment-related death rates despite the patients' peripheral immune status (P = 0.46 and 0.63, respectively)., Conclusions: Our study provides real-world evidence regarding clinical prognostic factors for the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy. The combined assessment of baseline NLR and ΔNLR could facilitate the identification of patients who are likely to achieve a durable response from chemoimmunotherapy., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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29. CD98 heavy chain protein is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer and is a potential target for CAR T-cell therapy.
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Yaga M, Hasegawa K, Ikeda S, Matsubara M, Hiroshima T, Kimura T, Shirai Y, Tansri W, Uehara H, Tachikawa M, Okairi Y, Sone M, Mori H, Kogue Y, Akamine H, Okuzaki D, Kawagishi K, Kawanaka S, Yamato H, Takeuchi Y, Okura E, Kanzaki R, Okami J, Nakamichi I, Nakane S, Kobayashi A, Iwazawa T, Tokunaga T, Yokouchi H, Yano Y, Uchida J, Mori M, Komuta K, Tachi T, Kuroda H, Kijima N, Kishima H, Ichii M, Futami S, Naito Y, Shiroyama T, Miyake K, Koyama S, Hirata H, Takeda Y, Funaki S, Shintani Y, Kumanogoh A, and Hosen N
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- Animals, Female, Humans, Mice, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Cell Line, Tumor, Fusion Regulatory Protein 1, Heavy Chain metabolism, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen metabolism, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung therapy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung immunology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung metabolism, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Immunotherapy, Adoptive methods, Lung Neoplasms therapy, Lung Neoplasms immunology, Lung Neoplasms metabolism, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are effective against hematological cancers, but are less effective against solid tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One of the reasons is that only a few cell surface targets specific for NSCLC cells have been identified. Here, we report that CD98 heavy chain (hc) protein is overexpressed on the surface of NSCLC cells and is a potential target for CAR T cells against NSCLC. Screening of over 10,000 mAb clones raised against NSCLC cell lines showed that mAb H2A011 bound to NSCLC cells but not normal lung epithelial cells. H2A011 recognized CD98hc. Although CAR T cells derived from H2A011 could not be established presumably due to the high level of H2A011 reactivity in activated T cells, those derived from the anti-CD98hc mAb R8H283, which had been shown to lack reactivity with CD98hc glycoforms expressed on normal hematopoietic cells and some normal tissues, were successfully developed. R8H283 specifically reacted with NSCLC cells in six of 15 patients. R8H283-derived CAR T cells exerted significant anti-tumor effects in a xenograft NSCLC model in vivo. These results suggest that R8H283 CAR T cells may become a new therapeutic tool for NSCLC, although careful testing for off-tumor reactivity should be performed in the future., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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30. SFTPB in serum extracellular vesicles as a biomarker of progressive pulmonary fibrosis.
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Enomoto T, Shirai Y, Takeda Y, Edahiro R, Shichino S, Nakayama M, Takahashi-Itoh M, Noda Y, Adachi Y, Kawasaki T, Koba T, Futami Y, Yaga M, Hosono Y, Yoshimura H, Amiya S, Hara R, Yamamoto M, Nakatsubo D, Suga Y, Naito M, Masuhiro K, Hirata H, Iwahori K, Nagatomo I, Miyake K, Koyama S, Fukushima K, Shiroyama T, Naito Y, Futami S, Natsume-Kitatani Y, Nojima S, Yanagawa M, Shintani Y, Nogami-Itoh M, Mizuguchi K, Adachi J, Tomonaga T, Inoue Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Animals, Mice, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Lung Diseases, Interstitial blood, Lung Diseases, Interstitial diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial pathology, Lung Diseases, Interstitial metabolism, Lung pathology, Lung metabolism, Proteomics methods, Disease Models, Animal, Prognosis, Protein Precursors, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Biomarkers blood, Pulmonary Fibrosis blood, Pulmonary Fibrosis metabolism, Pulmonary Fibrosis pathology, Disease Progression, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B blood, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B metabolism
- Abstract
Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF), defined as the worsening of various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), currently lacks useful biomarkers. To identify novel biomarkers for early detection of patients at risk of PPF, we performed a proteomic analysis of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Notably, the identified candidate biomarkers were enriched for lung-derived proteins participating in fibrosis-related pathways. Among them, pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B (SFTPB) in serum EVs could predict ILD progression better than the known biomarkers, serum KL-6 and SP-D, and it was identified as an independent prognostic factor from ILD-gender-age-physiology index. Subsequently, the utility of SFTPB for predicting ILD progression was evaluated further in 2 cohorts using serum EVs and serum, respectively, suggesting that SFTPB in serum EVs but not in serum was helpful. Among SFTPB forms, pro-SFTPB levels were increased in both serum EVs and lungs of patients with PPF compared with those of the control. Consistently, in a mouse model, the levels of pro-SFTPB, primarily originating from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells, were increased similarly in serum EVs and lungs, reflecting pro-fibrotic changes in the lungs, as supported by single-cell RNA sequencing. SFTPB, especially its pro-form, in serum EVs could serve as a biomarker for predicting ILD progression.
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- 2024
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31. Galectin-10 in serum extracellular vesicles reflects asthma pathophysiology.
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Yoshimura H, Takeda Y, Shirai Y, Yamamoto M, Nakatsubo D, Amiya S, Enomoto T, Hara R, Adachi Y, Edahiro R, Yaga M, Masuhiro K, Koba T, Itoh-Takahashi M, Nakayama M, Takata S, Hosono Y, Obata S, Nishide M, Hata A, Yanagawa M, Namba S, Iwata M, Hamano M, Hirata H, Koyama S, Iwahori K, Nagatomo I, Suga Y, Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Fukushima K, Futami S, Naito Y, Kawasaki T, Mizuguchi K, Kawashima Y, Yamanishi Y, Adachi J, Nogami-Itoh M, Ueki S, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Female, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Rhinitis blood, Rhinitis immunology, Rhinitis physiopathology, Nasal Polyps immunology, Nasal Polyps blood, Eosinophils immunology, Aged, Chronic Disease, Asthma blood, Asthma physiopathology, Asthma immunology, Asthma diagnosis, Extracellular Vesicles metabolism, Galectins blood, Biomarkers blood, Sinusitis blood, Sinusitis immunology
- Abstract
Background: Novel biomarkers (BMs) are urgently needed for bronchial asthma (BA) with various phenotypes and endotypes., Objective: We sought to identify novel BMs reflecting tissue pathology from serum extracellular vesicles (EVs)., Methods: We performed data-independent acquisition of serum EVs from 4 healthy controls, 4 noneosinophilic asthma (NEA) patients, and 4 eosinophilic asthma (EA) patients to identify novel BMs for BA. We confirmed EA-specific BMs via data-independent acquisition validation in 61 BA patients and 23 controls. To further validate these findings, we performed data-independent acquisition for 6 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and 7 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps., Results: We identified 3032 proteins, 23 of which exhibited differential expression in EA. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that protein signatures from each phenotype reflected disease characteristics. Validation revealed 5 EA-specific BMs, including galectin-10 (Gal10), eosinophil peroxidase, major basic protein, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase. The potential of Gal10 in EVs was superior to that of eosinophils in terms of diagnostic capability and detection of airway obstruction. In rhinosinusitis patients, 1752 and 8413 proteins were identified from EVs and tissues, respectively. Among 11 BMs identified in EVs and tissues from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 5 (including Gal10 and eosinophil peroxidase) showed significant correlations between EVs and tissues. Gal10 release from EVs was implicated in eosinophil extracellular trapped cell death in vitro and in vivo., Conclusion: Novel BMs such as Gal10 from serum EVs reflect disease pathophysiology in BA and may represent a new target for liquid biopsy approaches., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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32. Cancer-associated SNRPD3 mutation confers resistance to hypoxia, which is attenuated by DRP1 inhibition.
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Satoh S, Miyake K, Adachi Y, Masuhiro K, Futami S, Naito Y, Shiroyama T, Koyama S, Yamaguchi Y, Konaka H, Takamatsu H, Okuzaki D, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
- Subjects
- Humans, Dynamins genetics, Dynamins metabolism, Hypoxia metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitochondrial Dynamics genetics, Mutation, GTP Phosphohydrolases metabolism, Neoplasms genetics, Neoplasms metabolism
- Abstract
RNA splicing is a fundamental cellular mechanism performed by spliceosomes that synthesise multiple mature RNA isoforms from a single gene. The association between spliceosome abnormality and solid cancers remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Sm proteins, which are common components of the spliceosomes and constitute the Sm ring, were overexpressed in multiple cancers and their expression levels were correlated with clinical prognosis. In a pan-cancer mutational hotspot in the Sm ring at SNRPD3 G96V, we found that the G96V substitution confers resistance to hypoxia. RNA-seq detected numerous differentially spliced events between the wild-type and mutation-carrying cells cultured under hypoxia, wherein skipping exons and mutually exclusive exons were frequently observed. This was observed in DNM1L mRNA, which encodes the DRP1 protein that regulates mitochondrial fission. The mitochondria of cells carrying this mutation were excessively fragmented compared with those of wild-type cells. Furthermore, treatment with a DRP1 inhibitor (Mdivi-1) recovered the over-fragmented mitochondria, leading to the attenuation of hypoxia resistance in the mutant cells. These results propose a novel correlation between the cancer-related spliceosome abnormality and mitochondrial fission. Thus, targeting SNRPD3 G96V with a DRP1 inhibitor is a potential treatment strategy for cancers with spliceosome abnormalities., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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33. Phase II Study of the Liposomal Formulation of Eribulin (E7389-LF) in Combination with Nivolumab: Results from the Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort.
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Nishio M, Murakami S, Kawakami H, Okishio K, Tamiya M, Kobayashi H, Fujimoto D, Sugawara S, Kozuki T, Oya Y, Izumi H, Shiroyama T, Satouchi M, Yamamoto N, Kaname S, Matsuoka D, Otake Y, Takase T, Semba T, and Azuma K
- Subjects
- Humans, Nivolumab adverse effects, Biomarkers, Small Cell Lung Carcinoma drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Vinca Alkaloids therapeutic use, Polyether Polyketides, Furans, Ketones
- Abstract
Purpose: E7389-LF is a liposomal formulation of eribulin that contributes to tumor vascular remodeling. The phase II part of this phase Ib/II study assessed the efficacy/safety of E7389-LF in combination with nivolumab in several disease cohorts; herein, we report results from the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cohort., Experimental Design: Patients with unresectable/measurable SCLC and disease progression with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with/without an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) were enrolled to receive E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg intravenously every 3 weeks. The primary objective of this part was to assess the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives included assessments of safety and progression-free survival (PFS); exploratory assessments included overall survival (OS) and biomarkers., Results: Thirty-four patients were enrolled. By the data cut-off date (May 31, 2022), 29 (85.3%) had discontinued. Efficacy/biomarker analyses included 33 patients (1 had their diagnosis changed postenrollment); the ORR of E7389-LF plus nivolumab was 24.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 11.1-42.3], the median PFS was 3.98 months (95% CI: 2.63-4.40), and, at a median follow-up of 10.6 months, the median OS was not reached (95% CI: not estimable). Notably, 27 of 33 patients (81.8%) had received an ICI as their prior first-line therapy. Treatment-related, treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 97.1% (any grade) and 82.4% (grade ≥3) of enrolled patients; the most common event was neutropenia. Changes in vascular and immune-related plasma markers were observed., Conclusions: E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 in combination with nivolumab 360 mg every 3 weeks showed notable antitumor activity as second-line therapy for SCLC; no new safety signals were observed compared with either agent as monotherapy., Significance: This phase II part of a phase Ib/II study assessed liposomal eribulin (E7389-LF) plus nivolumab in 34 patients with pretreated SCLC; 8 of 33 evaluable patients (including 6/27 pretreated with ICIs) had objective responses. The combination was tolerable; increases in vasculature-related biomarkers tended to correlate with responses., (© 2024 The Authors; Published by the American Association for Cancer Research.)
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- 2024
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34. Real-world outcomes of nivolumab plus ipilimumab and pembrolizumab with platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective comparative study.
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Matsumoto K, Shiroyama T, Tamiya M, Minami T, Kinehara Y, Tamiya A, Suga Y, Kuge T, Mori M, Suzuki H, Tobita S, Ueno K, Namba Y, Tetsumoto S, Niki T, Morimura O, Osa A, Nishino K, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, Kijima T, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Nivolumab therapeutic use, Ipilimumab therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, B7-H1 Antigen, Platinum, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab with chemotherapy (NICT) and pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (PCT) are commonly used in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Compared with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy, ICI combination therapy can increase immune-related toxicity instead of prolonging survival. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of NICT and PCT to decide on the favorable treatment., Methods: We conducted a multi-center retrospective cohort study on patients who underwent NICT or PCT between December 2018 and May 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed with the variables age, sex, smoking status, performance status, stage, histology, and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare survival for the matched patients., Results: Six hundred consecutive patients were included. After PSM, 81 and 162 patients were enrolled in the NICT and PCT groups, respectively. The baseline characteristics were well-balanced. The median progression-free survival was equivalent (11.6 vs. 7.4 months; P = 0.582); however, the median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in the NICT group than in the PCT group (26.0 vs. 16.8 months; P = 0.005). Furthermore, OS was better in PD-L1-negative patients who underwent NICT than in those who underwent PCT (26.0 vs. 16.8 months; P = 0.045). Safety profiles did not differ significantly in terms of severe adverse event and treatment-related death rates (P = 0.560, and 0.722, respectively)., Conclusions: Real-world data suggests that NICT could be a favorable treatment option compared with PCT for patients with advanced NSCLC. Further follow-up is needed to determine the long-term prognostic benefit., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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35. Balloon Dilatation for Bronchoscope Delivery in a Swine Model: A Novel Technique for Ultra-Peripheral Lung Field Access and Accurate Biopsy.
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Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Satoh S, Adachi Y, Ohira K, Abe Y, Takata S, Masuhiro K, Naito Y, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Animals, Swine, Dilatation, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung pathology, Bronchoscopy methods, Biopsy, Bronchoscopes, Lung Neoplasms pathology
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Introduction: In transbronchial biopsy of peripheral pulmonary lesions, the bronchoscope can reach only a limited depth due to the progressive narrowing of bronchi, which may reduce the diagnostic rate. This study examined the balloon dilatation for bronchoscope delivery (BDBD) technique, employing a novel balloon device to enhance bronchoscopy into the peripheral lung areas., Methods: Anaesthetised swine served as our primary model. Using computed tomography (CT) scans, we positioned virtual targets characterised by a positive bronchus sign and a diameter of 20 mm beneath the pleura. The bronchoscope was navigated along the pathways determined from the CT images. We performed balloon dilatation when bronchial narrowing obstructed progress to assess whether balloon dilatation would enable the bronchoscope to enter further into the periphery., Results: We established 21 virtual targets on the CT scans. An average of 12.1 branches were identified along the pathways on the CT scans; however, bronchoscopy without BDBD only allowed access to an average of 6.7 branches. Based on 72 balloon dilatations with 3.0-mm or 4.0-mm ultra-thin bronchoscopes, there was an average increased access of 3.43 and 5.14 branches per route, respectively, with no significant BDBD complications. The bronchoscope was able to reach the planned location along all pathways, and the mean final bronchoscopic endpoints were at an average distance of 14.7 mm from the pleura. Post-procedure CT confirmed biopsy accuracy., Conclusion: The BDBD technique can enhance access of a flexible bronchoscope into the peripheral lung fields, which could potentially allow more accurate transbronchial interventions for peripheral targets., (© 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2024
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36. Impact of the Japanese Government's 'General Principles of Suicide Prevention Policy' on youth suicide from 2007 to 2022.
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Shiroyama T, and Okada M
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Background: The Japanese Government programme 'General Principles of Suicide Prevention Policy' (GPSPP) contributed to decreasing suicide mortality rates (SMRs) before the COVID-19 pandemic, but they increased after the pandemic., Aims: To identify risk factors for youth suicide and the impact of GPSPP on youth suicide., Method: Annual suicide numbers during 2007-2022 were obtained from government databases. SMRs of student and non-student youths were analysed with a linear mixed-effects model. Interrupted time-series analysis was conducted to investigate temporal relations between three GPSPP periods and SMRs with 52 suicide motives among high school, special vocational school and university students. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of grade repetition on university student SMRs., Results: Non-student youth SMRs were higher than student SMRs. School-related (worrying about the future/underachievement), health-related (mainly mental illness) and family-related (conflict with parent and severe verbal reprimands) motives were major motives for student SMRs. During the first GPSPP period (2007-2012), no student SMRs decreased. During the second period (2012-2017), university and special vocational school student SMRs increased, but high school student SMRs were unchanged. In contrast, during the third period (2017-2022), with the exception of male special vocational school students, all SMRs increased. Unexpectedly, long-term grade repetition was negatively associated with health-related SMRs., Conclusions: These findings suggest that GPSPP-supported programmes in schools partially contributed to student suicide prevention. To suppress increasing student SMRs, social/life support specialists should participate in in-school support services to bolster the social standing and lives of students who repeat grades or experience setbacks.
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- 2023
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37. Pneumonitis During Durvalumab Consolidation Therapy Affects Survival in Stage III NSCLC.
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Kinehara Y, Shiroyama T, Tamiya A, Tamiya M, Minami S, Kanazu M, Morimura O, Niki T, Tetsumoto S, Taniguchi Y, Kuge T, Nishino K, Nagatomo I, Kumanogoh A, and Tachibana I
- Abstract
Introduction: Durvalumab consolidation therapy is the standard of care after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for stage III NSCLC. Immune-related pneumonitis during durvalumab treatment is potentially fatal; however, information is lacking regarding the impact of pneumonitis on patient survival. This study investigates the effect of pulmonary and nonpulmonary immune-related adverse events (irAEs) on the efficacy of durvalumab treatment in patients with stage III NSCLC., Methods: We retrospectively assessed 158 patients who received durvalumab after CRT at nine Japanese institutions between July 2018 and March 2020. Survival outcomes were compared between patients who developed pneumonitis with those who developed irAEs other than pneumonitis. Patients who survived for less than 3 months were excluded to reduce immortal time bias., Results: Among 158 evaluated patients, 76 (48%) experienced grade less than or equal to one irAEs, whereas 82 (52%) experienced grade greater than or equal to two irAEs. Among the patients with grade greater than or equal to two irAEs, those with grade greater than or equal to two pneumonitis (n = 55) were compared with those with grade greater than or equal to two irAEs other than pneumonitis (n = 27). Patients with grade greater than or equal to two pneumonitis exhibited a significantly worse overall survival than those with grade greater than or equal to two irAEs that excluded pneumonitis. Multivariate analysis revealed that grade greater than or equal to two pneumonitis (hazard ratio = 3.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.85-7.45; p < 0.001) and squamous histology (hazard ratio = 2.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-5.42; p = 0.008) were independently associated with worse overall survival., Conclusions: After minimizing immortal time bias, pneumonitis grade two or greater and squamous histology were poor prognostic factors in patients who received consolidation durvalumab after CRT., (© 2023 The Authors.)
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- 2023
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38. Designing amendments to improve plant performance for mine tailings revegetation.
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Johnson MG, Olszyk DM, Shiroyama T, Bollman MA, Nash MS, Manning VA, Trippe KM, Watts DW, and Novak JM
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To provide recommendations for establishment of plants on low-pH Formosa Mine tailings, two greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of remedial amendments to improve the survival and growth of Douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ) seedlings. A preliminary experiment indicated that 1% lime (by weight) raised tailings pH, permitting seedling survival. However, high rates of biosolid application (BS; 2% by weight) added to supply nutrients were phytotoxic when added with lime. A gasified conifer biochar (BC) added to tailings at 1%, 2.5%, or 5% (by weight), along with lime and BS, caused an additional increase in pH, decreased electrical conductivity (EC), and tended to increase the survival of Douglas fir. The addition of a locally sourced microbial inoculum (LSM) did not affect survival. A subsequent experiment expanded our experimental design by testing multiple levels of amendments that included lime (0.5% and 1% by weight), three application rates (0.2%, 0.5%, and 2%) of two nutrient sources (BS or mineral fertilizer), BC (0% and 2.5%), and with or without LSM. There were many interactions among amendments. In general, Douglas fir survival was enhanced when lime and BC were added. These experiments suggest that amending with lime, a nutrient source, and BC would enhance revegetation on low-pH, metal-contaminated mine tailings., Competing Interests: CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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- 2023
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39. Disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium obuense in an immunocompromised patient: a case report.
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Naito M, Fukushima K, Kusakabe S, Endo T, Shiroyama T, Ohira K, Azuma K, Tanizaki S, Yamamoto Y, Hosono Y, Naito Y, Futami S, Miyake K, Hirata H, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Male, Humans, Adolescent, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria genetics, Immunocompromised Host, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous diagnosis, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous drug therapy, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous microbiology, Mycobacterium, Tuberculosis
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Background: Mycobacterium obuense (M. obuense) is a rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM) which has been considered nonpathogenic. Here, we report a case of disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection caused by M. obuense in an immunocompromised patient., Case Presentation: A 16-year-old boy was referred to our hospital due to acute myeloid leukemia. During the treatment of leukemia, the patient exhibited continuous fever, and diffuse miliary nodules with random distribution were found on chest computed tomography. Repeated examinations of bacterial culture tests revealed sputum and urine samples to be smear-positive for acid-fast bacillus, and blood culture from a peripherally inserted central catheter line showed the growth of NTM. The NTM species was identified as M. obuense by mass spectrometry and confirmed by genome sequencing. Combination therapy with amikacin, rifampicin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin significantly improved the patient's symptoms and radiological findings., Conclusion: We report a case of disseminated NTM infection caused by M. obuense for which combination anti-microbial therapy was effective. An immunocompromised host indwelling catheter is at risk of RGM bloodstream infections. Although relatively rare, M. obuense may be considered as a potential pathogen causing infectious diseases, especially in high-risk patients., (© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2023
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40. Suicidal Mortality and Motives Among Middle-School, High-School, and University Students.
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Okada M, Matsumoto R, Shiroyama T, and Motomura E
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- Humans, Male, Female, Child, Suicidal Ideation, Universities, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pandemics, Students, Suicide, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Importance: The suicide mortality rate per 100 000 population (SMRP) consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Japan and then unexpectedly increased during the pandemic. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood., Objective: To identify trends in and factors associated with suicidal mortality and motives among students in Japan from 2007 to 2022., Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cross-sectional study, data on SMRPs among Japanese middle-school, high-school, and university students were obtained from the government suicide database Suicide Statistics of the National Police Agency., Main Outcomes and Measures: Age-dependent and temporal fluctuations in annual SMRPs, disaggregated by suicidal motive (7 categories and 52 subcategories), sex, and school, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect and joinpoint regression models, respectively., Results: Total suicide numbers from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 760 male middle-school students, 635 female middle-school students, 2376 male high-school students, 1566 female high-school students, 5179 male university students, and 1880 female university students. The mean (SD) student populations from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 1 752 737 (81 334) male middle-school students, 1 675 572 (78 824) female middle-school students, 1 648 274 (67 520) male high-school students, 1 614 828 (60 032) female high-school students, 1 652 689 (32 724) male university students, and 1 229 142 (57 484) female university students. Among male students, the leading motives were school-related factors (underachievement and worrying about the future), followed by family-related and health-related motives. Among female students, school-related and family-related motives decreased, but health-related motives showed an age-dependent increase. The SMRPs of middle-school male students and female students were almost equal (mean [SD], 2.7 [1.0] vs 2.4 [1.4]), but the age-dependent increase in SMRPs among male students was pronounced (mean [SD], high-school vs university male students, 9.1 [2.4] vs 19.6 [3.0]; high-school vs university female students, 6.1 [2.4] vs 9.6 [1.8]). However, the incidence of suicide among high-school students associated with health-related motives was greater in female students. The majority of suicides associated with major impactable suicidal motives (school-related, health-related, and family-related motives) began increasing before the pandemic. Changes in SMRP associated with interpersonal relationships, such as conflict with classmates or parents, were not significant, but the rates increased greatly during the pandemic., Conclusions and Relevance: School-related, health-related, and family-related problems were major motives, whereas the impacts of health-related and family-related motives increased and decreased with age, respectively. Notably, most SMRPs associated with major impactable motives (underachievement, conflict with a parent or classmate, and mental illnesses) had already begun increasing in the late 2010s, indicating that recent increasing SMRPs among school-aged individuals were associated with pandemic-related factors and other factors affecting this generation before the pandemic. It may be inappropriate to uniformly apply research findings based on school-aged individuals to school-based suicide prevention programs for students in middle school, high school, and university.
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- 2023
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41. Impact of minocycline on outcomes of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR-TKIs.
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Tone M, Iwahori K, Shiroyama T, Futami S, Naito Y, Fukushima K, Miyake K, Koyama S, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Wada H, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, ErbB Receptors antagonists & inhibitors, ErbB Receptors genetics, Retrospective Studies, Disease-Free Survival, Male, Female, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Minocycline therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors adverse effects, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Exanthema chemically induced, Exanthema drug therapy
- Abstract
Minocycline is often administered prophylactically or therapeutically to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) for skin rash as an adverse event. We examined the effects of minocycline on the outcomes of EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs based on a single-center retrospective analysis. In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected on NSCLC patients treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs between January 2010 and June 2021. The treatment efficacy of first-line EGFR-TKIs was compared between patients who received minocycline and those who did not. Median progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line EGFR-TKIs was significantly longer in the minocycline group (N = 32) than in the control group (N = 106); 714 (95% confidence interval CI 411-1247) days vs. 420 (95% CI 343-626) days, p = 0.019. A multivariate analysis including skin rash as a variable confirmed that the administration of minocycline for 30 days or longer correlated with good PFS and overall survival (OS) with first-line EGFR-TKIs (HR 0.44 [95% CI 0.27-0.73], p = 0.0014 and HR 0.50 [95% CI 0.27-0.92], p = 0.027, respectively). The administration of minocycline influenced good treatment efficacy with first-line EGFR-TKIs independently of skin rash., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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42. Tumor-derived semaphorin 4A improves PD-1-blocking antibody efficacy by enhancing CD8 + T cell cytotoxicity and proliferation.
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Naito Y, Koyama S, Masuhiro K, Hirai T, Uenami T, Inoue T, Osa A, Machiyama H, Watanabe G, Sax N, Villa J, Kinugasa-Katayama Y, Nojima S, Yaga M, Hosono Y, Okuzaki D, Satoh S, Tsuda T, Nakanishi Y, Suga Y, Morita T, Fukushima K, Nishide M, Shiroyama T, Miyake K, Iwahori K, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Yano Y, Tamiya M, Kumagai T, Takemoto N, Inohara H, Yamasaki S, Yamashita K, Aoshi T, Akbay EA, Hosen N, Shintani Y, Takamatsu H, Mori M, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Animals, Humans, Mice, Antibodies, Blocking, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cell Proliferation, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Tumor Microenvironment, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Semaphorins genetics, Semaphorins metabolism
- Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have caused revolutionary changes in cancer treatment, but low response rates remain a challenge. Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A) modulates the immune system through multiple mechanisms in mice, although the role of human Sema4A in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. This study demonstrates that histologically Sema4A-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) responded significantly better to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody than Sema4A-negative NSCLC. Intriguingly, SEMA4A expression in human NSCLC was mainly derived from tumor cells and was associated with T cell activation. Sema4A promoted cytotoxicity and proliferation of tumor-specific CD8
+ T cells without terminal exhaustion by enhancing mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and polyamine synthesis, which led to improved efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in murine models. Improved T cell activation by recombinant Sema4A was also confirmed using isolated tumor-infiltrating T cells from patients with cancer. Thus, Sema4A might be a promising therapeutic target and biomarker for predicting and promoting ICI efficacy.- Published
- 2023
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43. Impact of Lymphopenia Recovery After Chemoradiotherapy on Durvalumab Consolidation Therapy in Stage III NSCLC.
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Kuge T, Shiroyama T, Tamiya A, Tamiya M, Kanazu M, Kinehara Y, Tanaka T, Morimura O, Taniguchi Y, Niki T, Tetsumoto S, Hayashi K, Nishino K, Nagatomo I, and Kumanogoh A
- Abstract
Introduction: Durvalumab maintenance therapy after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment modality for stage III NSCLC. Although severe treatment-related lymphopenia (TRL) during CRT may impair the efficacy of subsequent durvalumab therapy, data on the effect of TRL recovery on consolidation durvalumab therapy are lacking., Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC treated with durvalumab after concurrent CRT. The patients were enrolled across nine institutes throughout Japan between August 2018 and March 2020. The effect of TRL recovery on survival was evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of their lymphocyte recovery status: the recovery group involved patients who did not experience severe TRL or experienced TRL but exhibited lymphocyte count recovery at durvalumab initiation, and the nonrecovery group involved patients who experienced severe TRL and did not exhibit lymphocyte count recovery on durvalumab initiation., Results: Among the 151 patients evaluated, 41 (27%) and 110 (73%) patients were classified into the recovery and the nonrecovery groups, respectively. The nonrecovery group had significantly worse progression-free survival than the recovery group (21.9 mo versus not reached, p = 0.018). Recovery from TRL ( p = 0.027) and high pre-CRT lymphocyte count ( p = 0.028) independently influenced progression-free survival., Conclusions: Baseline lymphocyte count and recovery from TRL at the start of durvalumab therapy were predictive factors for survival outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with durvalumab consolidation after concurrent CRT., (© 2023 The Authors.)
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- 2023
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44. Virtual fluoroscopic preprocedural planning using Ziostation2 for transbronchial biopsy: A prospective self-controlled study.
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Abe Y, Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Prospective Studies, Lung pathology, Biopsy methods, Bronchoscopy methods, Endosonography methods, Fluoroscopy methods, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Bronchoscopes cannot reach the periphery of the lung because the bronchi are tapered. Therefore, selectively advancing a device-e.g., an endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) probe-to the targets can be challenging. Virtual fluoroscopic preprocedural planning (VFPP) is a method in which the route to the target is superimposed on an X-ray fluoroscopy-like image reconstructed from CT images, facilitating the advancement of the EBUS probe to the target. The VFPP method was integrated into the Ziostation2 bronchoscopic navigation system (Ziosoft, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) in 2018. Here, we prospectively examined the feasibility of the VFPP method using Ziostation2 (Zio-VFPP)., Methods: Thirty-six patients who had pulmonary lesions with long axes ≤30 mm and who underwent thin-slice CT with ≤0.625-mm thickness were enrolled. We initiated bronchoscopy using EBUS with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) while referring to Ziostation2 bronchoscopic navigation. When the probe was not "within" a lesion, we attempted to correct its position based on Zio-VFPP. EBUS findings before and after Zio-VFPP were compared., Results: Zio-VFPP was performed in 24 patients, and EBUS findings improved in nine patients. Before Zio-VFPP, 18 patients were "outside," but after Zio-VFPP, the number decreased to ten. Statistically, this difference was significant (p = 0.0392). There were no cases in which EBUS findings worsened with Zio-VFPP., Conclusion: Zio-VPFPP improves EBUS findings and significantly reduces "outside" cases. However, further investigation is necessary to verify its effectiveness., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2023 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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45. Secondary subcutaneous abscess due to mixed infections by Peptoniphilus olsenii and Gleimia europaea after COVID-19.
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Yamamoto Y, Shiroyama T, Hirata H, Matsumoto K, Kuge T, Yoneda M, Yamamoto M, Uchiyama A, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
- Abstract
This report described a rare case of subcutaneous anaerobic bacterial abscess due to Peptoniphilus olsenii and Gleimia europaea after COVID-19. The patient received incision and drainage of the abscess and antibiotics, thereby achieving recovery. Immunodeficiency related to COVID-19 and its treatment might contribute to secondary skin and subcutaneous bacterial infections., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2023 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2023
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46. Real-world impact of antifibrotics on prognosis in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease.
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Niitsu T, Fukushima K, Komukai S, Takata S, Abe Y, Nii T, Kuge T, Iwakoshi S, Shiroyama T, Miyake K, Tujino K, Tanizaki S, Iwahori K, Hirata H, Miki K, Yanagawa M, Takeuchi N, Takeda Y, Kida H, and Kumanogoh A
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Disease Progression, Prognosis, Fibrosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: No studies have demonstrated the real-world efficacy of antifibrotics for progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD). Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of antifibrotics in patients with PF-ILD., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with ILD from January 2012 to July 2021. Patients were diagnosed with PF-ILD if they had ≥10% fibrosis on high-resolution CT (HRCT) and a relative forced vital capacity (FVC) decline of either ≥10% or >5% to <10% with clinical deterioration or progression of fibrosis on HRCT during overlapping windows of 2 years and with a %FVC of ≥45%. We compared FVC changes and overall survival (OS) between patients with and without antifibrotics. FVC changes were analysed using generalised estimating equations. We used inverse probability weighting (IPW) and statistical matching to adjust for covariates., Results: Of the 574 patients, 167 were diagnosed with PF-ILD (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), n=64; non-IPF, n=103). Antifibrotics improved the FVC decline in both IPF (p=0.002) and non-IPF (p=0.05) (IPW: IPF, p=0.015; non-IPF, p=0.031). Among patients with IPF, OS was longer in the antifibrotic group (log-rank p=0.001). However, among patients with non-IPF, OS was not longer in the antifibrotic group (p=0.3263) (IPW and statistical matching: IPF, p=0.0534 and p=0.0018; non-IPF, p=0.5663 and p=0.5618)., Conclusion: This is the first real-world study to show that antifibrotics improve the FVC decline in PF-ILD. However, among patients with non-IPF, we found no significant difference in mortality between those with and without antifibrotics. Future studies must clarify whether antifibrotics improve the prognosis of non-IPF., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2023
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47. Next-generation proteomics of serum extracellular vesicles combined with single-cell RNA sequencing identifies MACROH2A1 associated with refractory COVID-19.
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Kawasaki T, Takeda Y, Edahiro R, Shirai Y, Nogami-Itoh M, Matsuki T, Kida H, Enomoto T, Hara R, Noda Y, Adachi Y, Niitsu T, Amiya S, Yamaguchi Y, Murakami T, Kato Y, Morita T, Yoshimura H, Yamamoto M, Nakatsubo D, Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Hirata H, Adachi J, Okada Y, and Kumanogoh A
- Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is widespread; however, accurate predictors of refractory cases have not yet been established. Circulating extracellular vesicles, involved in many pathological processes, are ideal resources for biomarker exploration., Methods: To identify potential serum biomarkers and examine the proteins associated with the pathogenesis of refractory COVID-19, we conducted high-coverage proteomics on serum extracellular vesicles collected from 12 patients with COVID-19 at different disease severity levels and 4 healthy controls. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 10 patients with COVID-19 and 5 healthy controls was performed., Results: Among the 3046 extracellular vesicle proteins that were identified, expression of MACROH2A1 was significantly elevated in refractory cases compared to non-refractory cases; moreover, its expression was increased according to disease severity. In single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the expression of MACROH2A1 was localized to monocytes and elevated in critical cases. Consistently, single-nucleus RNA sequencing of lung tissues revealed that MACROH2A1 was highly expressed in monocytes and macrophages and was significantly elevated in fatal COVID-19. Moreover, molecular network analysis showed that pathways such as "estrogen signaling pathway," "p160 steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) signaling pathway," and "transcriptional regulation by STAT" were enriched in the transcriptome of monocytes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lungs, and they were also commonly enriched in extracellular vesicle proteomics., Conclusions: Our findings highlight that MACROH2A1 in extracellular vesicles is a potential biomarker of refractory COVID-19 and may reflect the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in monocytes., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
48. Proposal of a novel pipeline involving precise bronchoscopy of distal peripheral pulmonary lesions for genetic testing.
- Author
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Takata S, Miyake K, Maeda D, Hatake K, Nagatomo I, Shiroyama T, Masuhiro K, Yaga M, Shirai Y, Mitsui Y, Yachida S, and Kumanogoh A
- Subjects
- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Bronchoscopes, Genetic Testing, Bronchoscopy methods, Lung pathology
- Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become increasingly more important for lung cancer management. We now expect biopsies to be sensitive, safe, and yielding sufficient samples for NGS. In this study, we propose ultraselective biopsy (USB) with sample volume adjustment (SVA) as a novel method that integrates an ultrathin bronchoscope, radial probe endobronchial ultrasound, and the direct oblique method for ultraselective navigation, and adjustment of sample volume for NGS. Our purpose was to estimate the diagnostic potential and the applicability of USB-SVA for amplicon-based NGS analysis. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in forty-nine patients with malignant peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) was retrospectively analyzed, and amplicon-based NGS analysis was performed on samples from some patients using USB. The diagnostic yields of distal PPLs in the USB group were significantly higher than those in the non-USB group (90.5% vs. 50%, respectively, p = 0.015). The extracted amounts of nucleic acids were at least five times the minimum requirement and the sequence quality met the criteria for the Oncomine™ Target Test. Only the tumor cell content of some samples was insufficient. The feasibility of the pipeline for USB, SVA, and amplicon-based NGS in distal PPLs was demonstrated., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Peripheral T cell cytotoxicity predicts the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.
- Author
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Iwahori K, Uenami T, Yano Y, Ueda T, Tone M, Naito Y, Suga Y, Fukushima K, Shiroyama T, Miyake K, Koyama S, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Kida H, Mori M, Takeda Y, Kumanogoh A, and Wada H
- Subjects
- Humans, Nivolumab therapeutic use, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor metabolism, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms
- Abstract
Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) therapy exerts beneficial effects in a limited population of cancer patients. Therefore, more accurate diagnostics to predict the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy are desired. The present study investigated whether peripheral T cell cytotoxicity predicts the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Advanced NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1 monotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) were consecutively enrolled in the present study. Peripheral blood samples were subjected to an analysis of peripheral T cell cytotoxicity and flow cytometry prior to the initiation of anti-PD-1 therapy. Peripheral T cell cytotoxicity was assessed using bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) technology. We found that progression-free survival was significantly longer in patients with high peripheral T cell cytotoxicity (p = 0.0094). In the multivariate analysis, treatment line and peripheral T cell cytotoxicity were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival. The analysis of T cell profiles revealed that peripheral T cell cytotoxicity correlated with the ratio of the effector memory population in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry showed that the peripheral CD45RA+CD25+/CD4+ T cell ratio was higher in patients with than in those without severe adverse events (p = 0.0076). These results indicated that the peripheral T cell cytotoxicity predicted the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced NSCLC patients., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Lateral Decubitus Position Enables Further Advancement of the Bronchoscope into the Lung Periphery.
- Author
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Miyake K, Shiroyama T, Hirata H, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, and Kumanogoh A
- Subjects
- Humans, Bronchoscopes, Lung diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Disclosure: There is no conflict of interest or other disclosures.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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