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Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari – Juni 2009, pada masyarakat Kampung Nansfori Distrik Supiori Utara Kabupaten Supiori. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan dan cara pengolahannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dengan pendekatan secara emik dan etik dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, metode kepustakaan dan metode dokumentasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisa secara kualitatif. Jenis tumbuhan obat yang ditemukan sebanyak 48 jenis tumbuhan obat dari 32 famili. Bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat adalah : daun (52,08 %), buah (6,25 %), biji (2,08%) dan batang (4,17 %), kulit batang (4,17 %), getah (4,17 %), umbi (2,08 %), akar (2,08 %) dan lebih dari satu bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan (22,92 %). Pengolahan tumbuhan obat menggunakan cara yang masih sederhana (direbus dan dirauh), bahkan ada yang tanpa diolah (langsung digunakan), kehigienisan dalam pengolahan juga sangat diperhatikan.namun dalam meramu tumbuhan obat masyarakat tersebut tidak menggunakan takaran.Terdapat 20 jenis tumbuhan obat dari 18 famili yang terbukti secara ilmiah memilki kandungan kimia yang dapat mengobati beberapa jenis penyakit. Kendala-kendala yang ditemukan antara lain tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat belum dibudidayakan dan kurangnya ketertarikan kaum muda pada obat tradisional sehingga penurunan pengetahuan obat tradisional kepada generasi muda tidak berjalan lancar. Key words: medicinal plants, Nansfori Village, Supiori District, Papua.

A case report of B-thalassaemia intermedia was diagnosed in a 22 years women old Nepalese on the basis of the investigations of blood, bone marrow, haemoglobin electrophoresis and X-rays with clinical findings.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect multiple organs. The lungs, eyes, and skin are known to be highly affected organs in sarcoidosis. There have been reports based on random muscle biopsy that 32-80% of systemic sarcoidosis comprises noncaseating granulomas; however, muscle involvement in sarcoidosis is generally asymptomatic and has an unknown frequency. We describe a case of acute to subacute sarcoid myositis of the skeletal and extraocular muscles. Typical ophthalmic involvement (manifested by infiltration of the ocular adnexa, intraocular inflammation, or infiltration of the retrobulbar visual pathways) and extraocular sarcoid myositis (as with the present case) is infrequently reported. It is important to keep in mind the rare yet perhaps underestimated entity of sarcoid myositis, and to utilize muscle biopsy and imaging tests for appropriate diagnosis and management of patients with sarcoidosis.

Background The Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS)-2 is a recently developed tool for evaluating disease-related nocturnal disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its cutoff score has not been clinically assessed. We determined the optimal cutoff score of the Japanese version of the PDSS-2. Methods Patients with PD (n = 146) and controls (n = 100) completed the PDSS-2 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Poor sleepers were defined as having global PSQI scores >5. Optimal cutoff scores for determining poor sleepers were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A PDSS-2 total score ≥14 exhibited 82.0% sensitivity and 70.6% specificity, whereas a PDSS-2 total score ≥15 provided 72.1% sensitivity and 72.9% specificity in distinguishing poor sleepers (PSQI score >5) from good sleepers (PSQI ≤5). Nocturnal disturbances were more frequently observed in patients with PD than in controls (PDSS-2 total score ≥14 or ≥15; 51.4% vs 20%; 45.9% vs 19%). Nocturnal disturbances were associated with higher Hoehn and Yahr stages and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor scores, impaired quality of life, daytime sleepiness, and depressive symptoms. Conclusion We suggest that PDSS-2 total scores ≥15 are useful for detecting poor sleepers among patients with PD.

We report 73 Ge-nuclear-quadrupole resonance (NQR) study of heavy-fermion compound CeNi 2 Ge 2 . The temperature dependence of the 73 Ge nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation rate 1 / T 1 indicates the development of magnetic correlations and the formation of a Fermi-liquid state at temperatures lower than T FL = 0.4 K , where 1 / T 1 T is constant. The 1 / T 1 T decrease below T c NQR = 0.1 K , whereas resistance decreases below T c onset = 0.2 K and does not become zero. These results indicate CeNi 2 Ge 2 closely locates to a superconducting quantum critical point.

The astrophysical journal 778(1), 82 (2013). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/778/1/82, This is an Erratum for the article 2012 ApJ 755 22, Published by Univ.11032, Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]

This paper proposes a systematic coexistence scheme for a new radio communication system (secondary system), which is additionally introduced to the service area being operated by an existing communication system (primary system). The same frequency band is allocated for both systems. Our proposal is to protect the primary system from interference, on the basis that the primary and secondary systems work cooperatively with each other. For this objective, we propose the deployment of signal detectors in the operating area of the primary system and also the gathering of information regarding the signal detection. Such information is used for estimating the area, where an additional radio system is allowed to operate. A signal detection scheme with high sensitivity is also proposed that has the ability to detect a weak interference signal under the condition of mixed primary and secondary signals, to confirm that the secondary system does not causes harmful interference to the primary system. By using the concept of non-detection probability of the secondary system, we address the systematic scheme to introduce an additional radio system in the operating area of an existing radio communication system.

Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive and common disease of neurological disorders. Motor complication in parkinson's disease (PD) is resting tremor, slow movement, rigidity and postural instability. The motor symptoms of PD respond well to bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS). Recent study, there are also reports of worsened verbal fluency, executive dysfunction, and processing speed with DBS. Whether subthalamic nuclei (STN) stimulation worsens there are under debate. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of STN stimulation verbal fluency as assessed with clinical neuropsychological tests. Eight patients treated with deep brain stimulation were enrolled, and some of the patients continued anti-PD medications. Assessments were done both with the STN stimulation turned OFF and ON. In both test conditions, the following were assessed: speech, word fluency A, and B. The score of the word fluency test of all patients have undergone DBS surgery significantly worsened as compared with before surgery. Five patients speech ware worsened, but three patients were improved when the STN stimulation was turned OFF. On the other hand, five patients were reduced the word fluency's total score when the STN stimulation was turned OFF. In this sample, STN stimulation significantly worsened the result of the word fluency test. When the STN stimulation was turned OFF, it was reduced. These finding suggests that STN-DBS might be worse speech conditions and verbal fluency.

The effect of pressure of the Hall effect and resistivity has been studied in the heavy fermion system U 3 Ni 3 Sn 4 . The pressure effects on the Hall effect and resistivity are similar. Decrease of A in the relation ϱ = AT 2 is observed while little change of c in the relation R H = cϱ 2 is observed under pressure in the coherent region. A discussion of the pressure effect based on skew scattering theory is given.

We present evidence for unconventional superconducting fluctuations in a heavy-fermion compound CeNi$_2$Ge$_2$. The temperature dependence of the $^{73}$Ge nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation rate $1/T_1$ indicates the development of magnetic correlations and the formation of a Fermi-liquid state at temperatures lower than $T_{\rm FL}=0.4$ K, where $1/T_1T$ is constant. The resistance and $1/T_1T$ measured on an as-grown sample decrease below $T_{\rm c}^{\rm onset} = 0.2$ K and $T_{\rm c}^{\rm NQR} = 0.1$ K, respectively; these are indicative of the onset of superconductivity. However, after annealing the sample to improve its quality, these superconducting signatures disappear. These results are consistent with the emergence of unconventional superconducting fluctuations in close proximity to a quantum critical point from the superconducting to the normal phase in CeNi$_2$Ge$_2$., 4pages,5figures,to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn

This paper proposes an adaptive resolution control scheme for a RAKE receiver in direct sequence/code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) systems to effectively resolve and combine multipaths for high-bit-rate wireless multimedia services. In the proposed scheme, the receiver measures a delay profile for the received signal with its resolution equal to the highest chip rate, estimates delay profiles for lower chip rates using a delay profile conversion technique, and selects a chip rate that maximizes the received signal to noise plus interference power ratio (SNIR) under a condition that the number of RAKE fingers is limited by a certain number. Computer simulation confirms that the proposed scheme with a 3-finger RAKE receiver can reduce the average transmit power by about 5 dB without degrading the transmission quality under a 30-ray Rayleigh fading channel.

Recently the market demands quick turn around time (TAT) to highly advanced R&D fab. The analysis on the lot TAT in our fab showed that the time for engineering lot split at ion implantation process reached to about 7.2% of the total lot TAT. The automation to enable split-less engineering lot at ion implantation could reduce the operation time in R&D fab. Engineering lot split-less systems could reduce the operation time with lot split operation by 3/4 for ion implantation. This system consists of manufacturing execution system (MES), master maintenance system (MMS), and engineering management system (EMS). This realized the 24 hours automated transfer of Engineering lot without any lot split operations.

This paper describes a simple and easy to understand technique of achieving cycle time reduction in a semiconductor fab. The technique uses a spreadsheet that calculates theoretical queue time (based on operations research queuing theory) with consideration to the negative effect of very high priority lots ("super hot lots"). The theoretical queue time is compared with actual queue times to identify factory bottlenecks and the best opportunities for cycle time improvement. When this queue time control was introduced, jab cycle time improved 24%.

Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) has been detected in tissue from coronary atherosclerotic vascular lesions and may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the effect of prior C. pneumoniae infection on coronary intimal hyperplasia after stent implantation and on coronary microvascular function is unknown.Seventy-three patients with stable angina pectoris and a single de novo coronary lesion were studied prospectively. All patients underwent successful coronary angioplasty and stent implantation for the stenotic lesion. Blood samples were tested for prior C. pneumoniae infection before the procedure, and patients were divided into two groups: Seropositive and seronegative. Coronary flow reserve was measured in the non-stenotic coronary vessel before angioplasty, and quantitative coronary arteriography was performed at the stent implantation site before angioplasty and 6 months later in all patients.Coronary flow reserve in the non-stenotic vessel was significantly lower in the seropositive group than in the seronegative group (2.51 +/- 0.35 vs 2.76 +/- 0.43, p0.05). The minimum luminal diameter was smaller and late loss was greater in the seropositive group than in the seronegative group (minimum luminal diameter: 1.52 +/- 0.59 vs 1.91 +/- 0.79 mm, p0.05, late loss: 1.17 +/- 0.55 vs 0.76 +/- 0.67, p0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the restenosis rate or target lesion revascularization rate between the two groups.Prior C. pneumoniae infection may accelerate intimal hyperplasia after stent implantation and impair coronary microvascular function in the non-stenotic coronary vessels.

Cilostazol, a novel potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, increases coronary flow. The effects of cilostazol on coronary flow velocity and coronary flow reserve were studied in 103 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography. Cilostazol 200 mg/day was administered for 3 months (31 patients) or 6 months (37 patients), and coronary flow reserve were measured before and after the cilostazol administration. Coronary flow reserve were measured twice at an interval of 6 months in the control group (35 patients). The Doppler guide wire was advanced into the coronary artery with no significant vessel stenosis. After obtaining continuous baseline coronary flow velocity, an intracoronary infusion of papaverine (10 mg) was performed to measure coronary flow reserve. There were no significant differences in coronary flow velocity just before intracoronary papaverine infusion between the initial and follow-up studies in any of the 3 groups. Coronary flow reserve increased significantly after cilostazol administration in the 3 months and 6 months groups compared with before administration (3 months group: 2.8 +/- 0.8 vs 2.4 +/- 0.9, p0.05; 6 months group: 2.8 +/- 1.0 vs 2.4 +/- 0.7, p0.01). However, there was no significant difference in coronary flow reserve in the control group between follow-up and initial studies (2.7 +/- 0.8 vs 2.5 +/- 0.8, NS). In conclusion, the long-term oral administration of cilostazol for 3 or 6 months improves coronary flow reserve.

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. The present study examined whether impaired coronary flow reserve by smoking can be recovered by quitting. Coronary flow velocity was measured by Doppler guide wire during coronary angiography and coronary flow reserve was determined by injecting 10 mg intracoronary papaverine in 45 patients who were present or former smokers. Twenty-three patients were smoking more than 800 cigarettes/day x years and 22 patients less than 800, and 13 patients had smoked more than 800 but had quit smoking at least for 5 years. None of the patients had any significant coronary stenosis in the left anterior descending artery where the Doppler probe was positioned, nor any coronary risk factors except smoking. Twenty-six non-smokers served as control subjects. There was no difference in the coronary flow reserve between controls and light smokers (3.3 +/- 0.7 vs 3.3 +/- 1.0), but it was significantly reduced in heavy smokers (2.6 +/- 0.8) compared to controls or light smokers (p0.05, p0.05, respectively), There was no significant difference in coronary flow reserve between controls, light smokers and ex-smokers (3.3 +/- 1.2). These results suggest that the deteriorating effect on the coronary flow reserve by smoking is corrected after its cessation.

Ischemic preconditioning is an attenuation of myocardial ischemia by repeated brief coronary occlusions observed during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The effects of the time delay between balloon inflations during PTCA on ischemic preconditioning were investigated in 48 patients with chronic stable angina but no rich collateral vessels. After successful predilatation, two 2-min balloon inflations were performed and the ST segment elevation in the electrocardiogram and chest pain were measured during each balloon inflation and compared. Patients were divided into three groups according to the interval between balloon inflations; 1 min (I1), 2 min (I2) and 5 min (I5). There were no significant differences in ST elevation (3.4, 3.2 and 3.7 mm) and chest pain during the first balloon inflation between these three groups. ST elevation and chest pain were decreased in groups I2 and I5 (2.6 and 2.8 mm) during the second balloon inflation compared with those during the first balloon inflation. However, there was no significant difference in ST elevation and chest pain during the first and second (3.7 mm) balloon inflations in group I1. ST elevation and chest pain were reduced more in group I5 than in I2. These results suggest that an interval of more than 2 min between balloon inflations is necessary to obtain the effect of ischemic preconditioning during PTCA.

Hall effect studies in heavy fermion (HF) systems of uranium compounds1–8 as well as in Ce ones8–12 have recently been progressively done. The Hall effect in HF systems offers useful tool to study the HF state in the coherent region as well as in the incoherent region. In fact various behaviors are reported at low temperature region; strong temperature and magnetic field dependence including change in sign for CeCu6 10 or strong enhancement at TN for UR2Si2 2–5 and for CePtSi.11

In addition to offering further data on the exposure of surgical and recovery-room personnel to low levels of halothane in room air, the authors demonstrate the presence of halothane levels in the blood of some surgical patients managed by other inhalation agents from machines previously used for halothane. The authors concluded that these levels, while low, may be of clinical significance in selected patients.

A case with persistent atrial standstill is presented which developed from atrial fibrillation associated with rheumatic combined valvular heart disease. In addition to clinical and electrocardiographic findings, electrophysiological and histological studies by using microelectrode technique and electron microscopy, respectively, were carried out on specimens from the right atrial appendage resected at mitral valve surgery. Scattered but severe loss of myocardial cells in the atria and deterioration of the action potential of these poorly sustained myocardial cells were confirmed. The suggestive evidence is also shown that the deteriorated action potential observed by micro-electrode technique in this case may be composed of calcium current.

1) 一側迷路破壞性眼球震盪ニ於ケル眼筋ル極限荷重ハ, 其頭位ヲ空間ニ於テ變スル時一定ノ増減ヲ示シ, 緊張性反射性ニ緊張増加ヲ致セル眼筋ノ極限荷重ハ常ニ増大セラレ, 此際拮抗筋ノ夫レハ減少ス.a) 頭部ヲ鉛直上位ニ置ケバ, 上斜筋ノ増加指數最大ニシテ, 下斜筋ノ減少指數亦最大ナリ.b) 頭部ヲ鉛直下位ニ置ケバ, 下斜筋ノ増加指數最大ニシテ, 上斜筋ノ減少指數亦最大ナリ.c) 頭部ヲ迷路曠置側ヲ上ニ側位 (90°) ニ置ク時ハ, 全眼筋著シク其極限荷重ノ減少ヲ示スモ, 其中特ニ上下直筋ニ於テ其減少指數ル小ヲ示ス.d) 頭部ヲ迷路曠置側ヲ下ニ側位 (90°) ニ置ケバ, 全眼筋著シク極限荷重ノ増大ヲ致シ, 上直筋於ニ於テ特ニ其最大増加指數ヲ示ス.2) 緊張性眼反射ハ内外直筋ニ存在セザルヲ定説トスレドモ, 半規管各個ヲ嚴密ニ隔絶シテ其管腔ノ連絡ヲ遮斷セラレザル限リ. 該筋ノ眼球震盪性收縮力ニ對シ, 各頭位共ニ多少ノ影響ヲ與フ.3) 上記特發性眼球震盪ニ對スル緊張性前庭性眼反射ノ影響ヲ綜覽スレバ該影響ハ内淋巴流動ノ適位. 不適位ニ關係ナクシテ, 著明ニ現ハルヽヲ知ル.

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is frequently observed in patients with low body weight and/or skeletal abnormalities such as pectus excavatum and straight spines. There may be a variety of associated autonomic dysfunctions. Whether MVP is a complication of anorexia nervosa which has similar clinical features, including weight loss, skeletal abnormalities and autonomic dysfunctions, has not been reported. The present study was an investigation of the incidence of MVP and cardiac function in anorexia nervosa by echocardiography. Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography, and systolic time intervals were evaluated for 19 women with anorexia nervosa, from 13 to 25 years of age and having a mean age of 18.2 years. Their body weights ranged from 23.9 to 43 kg with a mean of 33.5 kg, and were at least 25% less than their ideal body weights (ranges were from 25 to 52%). The same studies were performed for 19 women with MVP diagnosed echocardiographically and without anorexia nervosa as controls. Their ages ranged from 14 to 26 years. Results were as follows: MVP was observed in 74% of patients with anorexia nervosa. The mean heart rates were 51.7 and 70.5/min in the anorexia nervosa and control groups, respectively. A significant difference (p less than 0.001) was observed between the two groups. The mean heart rate of patients with anorexia nervosa having MVP of both leaflets and no MVP were 45.8 and 59.0/min, respectively. The difference between these two sub-groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

CS-905 is a novel dihydropyridine calcium blocker. A single oral administration of CS-905 or nicardipine at doses of 0.3-3.0 mg/kg produced a dose-dependent reduction of blood pressure in conscious SHR. CS-905, when administered orally in conscious SHR, was more than 3 times as potent as nicardipine. Unlike the hypotensive effect of nicardipine, that of CS-905 has a gradual onset and is long-lasting, with little increase in heart rate. An intravenous administration of CS-905 also produced a hypotension with a slow onset and long duration in SHR, but CS-905 was 3 times less potent than nicardipine by intravenous administration. This difference may be attributed to the first pass effect, which was associated with nicardipine but not with CS-905. The blood pressure lowering effects of CS-905 was most potent in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, followed by SHR, RHR and normotensive rats, in this order. CS-905 is expected to be an antihypertensive agent that is effective on a once a day regimen in clinical settings.

The effects of acute pressure overload of the right and left ventricle on the left ventricular hemodynamics, coronary circulation, and myocardial metabolism in dogs were investigated by banding of the main pulmonary artery and by producing two models of aortic constriction with (type B) and without (type A) aortocoronary bypass. Pulmonary artery banding (left ventricular preload reduction) showed right ventriculr systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP), and right ventricular dP/dtmax significantly elevated, but left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular (dP/dtmax)/IIP slightly decreased, contrary to a slight increase of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). The blood flow of the left coronary circumflex artery (CBF) was slightly decreased, but the aortic blood flow (AoF) and left ventricular work per minute (LVW) were significantly reduced. As to myocardial metabolism, the coronary arteriovenous difference (delta) of carbohydrate, mainly glucose (G) and lactate (L), increased, while that of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) showed a significant reduction. Aortic coarctation (left ventricular afterload increase) showed, both in types A and B, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and left ventricular work per minute were increased. However, aortic systolic and diastolic pressure were significantly decreased. The blood flow of the left coronary circumflex artery tended to increase in both types. The myocardial carbohydrate uptake tended to increase after aortic constriction in both types. However, the uptake of non-esterified fatty acid was increased after aortic constriction in type A, but decreased in type B. This difference in uptake of non-esterified fatty acid might be induced by the difference of the functional state of the left ventricle.

After the use of two radionuclides in the tracer microspheres technique in the rat was verified, we examined the central and peripheral hemodynamic effects of RS-1893, an orally active cardiotonic agent. An intravenous infusion of RS-1893 at a dose of 3 micrograms/kg/min gradually decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate and cardiac output. Blood flows in the kidney and stomach were increased. There was no organ in which blood flow was decreased despite the fall in blood pressure. These data suggest that RS-1893 dilates blood vessels in the whole body, especially in the kidney and stomach.