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1. Spatiotemporal dynamics of fast electron heating in solid-density matter via XFEL

Author

H. Sawada, T. Yabuuchi, N. Higashi, T. Iwasaki, K. Kawasaki, Y. Maeda, T. Izumi, Y. Nakagawa, K. Shigemori, Y. Sakawa, C. B. Curry, M. Frost, N. Iwata, T. Ogitsu, K. Sueda, T. Togashi, S. X. Hu, S. H. Glenzer, A. J. Kemp, Y. Ping, and Y. Sentoku

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract High-intensity, short-pulse lasers are crucial for generating energetic electrons that produce high-energy-density (HED) states in matter, offering potential applications in igniting dense fusion fuels for fast ignition laser fusion. High-density targets heated by these electrons exhibit spatially non-uniform and highly transient conditions, which have been challenging to characterize due to limitations in diagnostics that provide simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we employ an X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) to achieve spatiotemporally resolved measurements at sub-micron and femtosecond scales on a solid-density copper foil heated by laser-driven fast electrons. Our X-ray transmission imaging reveals the formation of a solid-density hot plasma localized to the laser spot size, surrounded by Fermi degenerate, warm dense matter within a picosecond, and the energy relaxation occurring within the hot plasma over tens of picoseconds. These results validate 2D particle-in-cell simulations incorporating atomic processes and provide insights into the energy transfer mechanisms beyond current simulation capabilities. This work significantly advances our understanding of rapid fast electron heating and energy relaxation in solid-density matter, serving as a key stepping stone towards efficient high-density plasma heating and furthering the fields of HED science and inertial fusion energy research using intense, short-pulse lasers.

Published
2024
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2. Delivering the world’s most intense muon beam

Author

S. Cook, R. D’Arcy, A. Edmonds, M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka, Y. Hino, Y. Kuno, M. Lancaster, Y. Mori, T. Ogitsu, H. Sakamoto, A. Sato, N. H. Tran, N. M. Truong, M. Wing, A. Yamamoto, and M. Yoshida

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

A new muon beam line, the muon science innovative channel, was set up at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, in Osaka, Japan, using the 392 MeV proton beam impinging on a target. The production of an intense muon beam relies on the efficient capture of pions, which subsequently decay to muons, using a novel superconducting solenoid magnet system. After the pion-capture solenoid, the first 36° of the curved muon transport line was commissioned and the muon flux was measured. In order to detect muons, a target of either copper or magnesium was placed to stop muons at the end of the muon beam line. Two stations of plastic scintillators located upstream and downstream from the muon target were used to reconstruct the decay spectrum of muons. In a complementary method to detect negatively charged muons, the x-ray spectrum yielded by muonic atoms in the target was measured in a germanium detector. Measurements, at a proton beam current of 6 pA, yielded (10.4±2.7)×10^{5} muons per watt of proton beam power (μ^{+} and μ^{-}), far in excess of other facilities. At full beam power (400 W), this implies a rate of muons of (4.2±1.1)×10^{8} muons s^{−1}, among the highest in the world. The number of μ^{-} measured was about a factor of 10 lower, again by far the most efficient muon beam produced. The setup is a prototype for future experiments requiring a high-intensity muon beam, such as a muon collider or neutrino factory, or the search for rare muon decays which would be a signature for phenomena beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Such a muon beam can also be used in other branches of physics, nuclear and condensed matter, as well as other areas of scientific research.

Published
2017
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3. Design of a superconducting rotating gantry for heavy-ion therapy

Author

Y. Iwata, K. Noda, T. Shirai, T. Murakami, T. Furukawa, S. Mori, T. Fujita, A. Itano, K. Shouda, K. Mizushima, T. Fujimoto, T. Ogitsu, T. Obana, N. Amemiya, T. Orikasa, S. Takami, S. Takayama, and I. Watanabe

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

A superconducting rotating gantry for heavy-ion therapy is being designed. This isocentric rotating gantry can transport heavy ions with the maximum energy of 430 MeV/u to an isocenter with irradiation angles of over 0–360 degrees, and is further capable of performing three-dimensional raster-scanning irradiation. The combined-function superconducting magnets will be employed for the rotating gantry. The superconducting magnets with optimized beam optics allow a compact gantry design with a large scan size at the isocenter; the length and the radius of the gantry will be approximately 13 and 5.5 m, respectively, which are comparable to those for the existing proton gantries. Furthermore, the maximum scan size at the isocenter is calculated to be as large as approximately 200 mm square for heavy-ion beams at the maximum energy of 430 MeV/u. Based on the design of the beam optics, specifications of the superconducting magnets were determined. The superconducting magnets and magnetic-field distributions are designed using a three-dimensional field solver. With the calculated magnetic fields, beam-tracking simulations were performed to verify the design of the superconducting magnets, and concurrently to evaluate the field quality. With calculated beam profiles at the isocenter, we found that the positions of beam spots as well as their size and shape could be well reproduced as designed, proving validity of our design.

Published
2012
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7. Test Result of a Full-Scale Prototype of Beam Separation Dipole Magnet for the High-Luminosity LHC Upgrade

Author

M. Sugano, K. Suzuki, T. Nakamoto, M. Iida, Y. Ikemoto, H. Kawamata, T. Ogitsu, H. Ohata, N. Okada, R. Okada, K. Sasaki, N. Takahashi, K. Tanaka, A. Terashima, N. Kimura, A. Horikoshi, M. Yanagisawa, T. Chiba, A. Musso, and E. Todesco

Subjects
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published
2022
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11. A Look-ahead Car Following Scheme for Efficient Driving on Urban Roads

Author

Jun-ichi Imura, Kotaro Hashikura, Tomohisa Hayakawa, T. Ogitsu, M.A.S. Kamal, and Kou Yamada

Subjects
Scheme (programming language), 0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Optimization problem, Horizon (archaeology), Computer science, Computation, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Car following, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control and Systems Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Fuel efficiency, State (computer science), Look-ahead, computer, computer.programming_language
Abstract

For safe and efficient driving of a vehicle on urban roads, it is essential to analyze the trends of the vehicles ahead to take early measures in changing traffic situations. Existing efficient driving systems based on optimal car following compute the vehicle control input by solving an optimization problem over a prediction horizon, and at the expense of large computation cost, they provide significant improvement in traffic flows and fuel consumption. This paper proposes a look-ahead car following scheme, which can take anticipatory driving decisions with negligible computation cost, for efficient driving of a vehicle. Specifically, at first, the distinctive features of an optimal car following scheme over traditional car following of a human driver are investigated. Then, based on the features observed, a look-ahead car following scheme is formulated that can partly reflect the desired driving characteristics of the optimal car following scheme. The proposed scheme extends a traditional car following model by incorporating the predicted state of the preceding vehicle in a restricted look-ahead horizon. Finally, the proposed look-ahead car following scheme is evaluated in typical urban traffic scenarios, and the observed driving characteristics and performances are compared.

Published
2020
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12. Ultrafast time-resolved 2D imaging of laser-driven fast electron transport in solid density matter using an x-ray free electron laser

Author

H. Sawada, T. Yabuuchi, N. Higashi, T. Iwasaki, K. Kawasaki, Y. Maeda, T. Izumi, Y. Nakagawa, K. Shigemori, Y. Sakawa, C. B. Curry, M. Frost, N. Iwata, T. Ogitsu, K. Sueda, T. Togashi, S. H. Glenzer, A. J. Kemp, Y. Ping, and Y. Sentoku

Subjects
Instrumentation
Abstract

High-power, short-pulse laser-driven fast electrons can rapidly heat and ionize a high-density target before it hydrodynamically expands. The transport of such electrons within a solid target has been studied using two-dimensional (2D) imaging of electron-induced Kα radiation. However, it is currently limited to no or picosecond scale temporal resolutions. Here, we demonstrate femtosecond time-resolved 2D imaging of fast electron transport in a solid copper foil using the SACLA x-ray free electron laser (XFEL). An unfocused collimated x-ray beam produced transmission images with sub-micron and ∼10 fs resolutions. The XFEL beam, tuned to its photon energy slightly above the Cu K-edge, enabled 2D imaging of transmission changes induced by electron isochoric heating. Time-resolved measurements obtained by varying the time delay between the x-ray probe and the optical laser show that the signature of the electron-heated region expands at ∼25% of the speed of light in a picosecond duration. Time-integrated Cu Kα images support the electron energy and propagation distance observed with the transmission imaging. The x-ray near-edge transmission imaging with a tunable XFEL beam could be broadly applicable for imaging isochorically heated targets by laser-driven relativistic electrons, energetic protons, or an intense x-ray beam.

Published
2023
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13. The Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment -- Snowmass LOI

Author

Hyper-Kamiokande Collaboration, K. Abe, P. Adrich, H. Aihara, R. Akutsu, I. Alekseev, A. Ali, F. Ameli, L. H. V. Anthony, A. Araya, Y. Asaoka, V. Aushev, I. Bandac, M. Barbi, G. Barr, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. Bellato, V. Berardi, L. Bernard, E. Bernardini, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, J. Bian, A. Blanchet, A. Blondel, A. Boiano, S. Bolognesi, L. Bonavera, S. Borjabad, T. Boschi, D. Bose, S . B. Boyd, C. Bozza, A. Bravar, C. Bronner, A. Bubak, A. Buchowicz, M. Buizza Avanzini, F. S. Cafagna, N. F. Calabria, J. M. Calvo-Mozota, S. Cao, M. G. Catanesi, S. Chakraborty, J. H. Choi, S. Choubey, M. Cicerchia, J. Coleman, G. Collazuol, S. Cuen-Rochin, M. Danilov, E. De la Fuente, P. de Perio, G. De Rosa, T. Dealtry, C. J. Densham, A. Dergacheva, N. Deshmukh, M. M. Devi, F. Di Lodovico, P. Di Meo, I. Di Palma, T. A. Doyle, E. Drakopoulou, O. Drapier, J. Dumarchez, L. Eklund, S. El Hedri, J. Ellis, S. Emery, A. Esmaili, S. Fedotov, J. Feng, E. Fernández-Martinez, P. Ferrario, B. Ferrazzi, A. Finch, C. Finley, G. Fiorillo, M. Fitton, M. Friend, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukuda, G. Galinski, J. Gao, C. Garde, A. Garfagnini, S. Garode, L. Gialanella, C. Giganti, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, M. Gonin, J. González-Nuevo, A. Gorin, R. Gornea, F. Gramegna, M. Grassi, G. Grella, M. Guigue, D. R. Hadley, M. Harada, M. Hartz, S. Hassani, N. C. Hastings, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, K. Hoshina, K. Hultqvist, F. Iacob, A. K. Ichikawa, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, M. Ikeda, M. Inomoto, A. Ioannisian, T. Ishida, K. Ishidoshiro, H. Ishino, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, S. Ito, Y. Itow, K. Iwamoto, N. Izumi, S. Izumiyama, M. Jakkapu, B. Jamieson, J. S. Jang, H. S. Jo, P. Jonsson, K. K. Joo, T. Kajita, H. Kakuno, J. Kameda, Y. Kano, D. Karlen, Y. Kataoka, A. Kato, T. Katori, N. Kazarian, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, T. Kikawa, J. Y. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. King, T. Kinoshita, J. Kisiel, A. Klekotko, T. Kobayashi, L. Koerich, N. Kolev, A. Konaka, L. L. Kormos, Y. Koshio, Y. Kotsar, K. A. Kouzakov, K. L. Kowalik, L. Kravchuk, A. P. Kryukov, Y. Kudenko, T. Kumita, R. Kurjata, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, K. Kwak, M. La Commara, L. Labarga, J. Lagoda, M. Lamoureux, M. Laveder, L. Lavitola, J. Lee, R. Leitner, V. Lezaun, I. T. Lim, T. Lindner, R. P. Litchfield, K. R. Long, A. Longhin, P. Loverre, X. Lu, L. Ludovici, Y. Maekawa, L. Magaletti, K. Magar, Y. Makida, M. Malek, M. Malinský, T. Marchi, C. Mariani, A. Marinelli, K. Martens, Ll. Marti, J. F. Martin, D. Martin, J. Marzec, T. Matsubara, R. Matsumoto, N. McCauley, A. Medhi, P. Mehta, L. Mellet, H. Menjo, M. Mezzetto, J. Migenda, P. Migliozzi, S. Miki, A. Minamino, S. Mine, O. Mineev, A. Mitra, M. Miura, R. Moharana, C. M. Mollo, T. Mondal, M. Mongelli, F. Monrabal, D. H. Moon, C. S. Moon, S. Moriyama, T. Mueller, Y. Nagao, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakagiri, M. Nakahata, S. Nakai, Y. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, KI. Nakamura, H. Nakamura, Y. Nakano, T. Nakaya, S. Nakayama, K. Nakayoshi, L. Nascimento Machado, C. E. R. Naseby, B. Navarro-Garcia, M. Needham, K. Niewczas, Y. Nishimura, F. Nova, J. C. Nugent, H. Nunokawa, W. Obrebski, J. P. Ochoa-Ricoux, E. O'Connor, N. Ogawa, T. Ogitsu, K. Okamoto, H. M. O'Keeffe, K. Okumura, Y. Onishchuk, F. Orozco-Luna, A. Oshlianskyi, N. Ospina, M. Ostrowski, E. O'Sullivan, Y. Oyama, H. Ozaki, M. Y. Pac, P. Paganini, V. Palladino, M. Pari, J. Pasternak, C. Pastore, G. Pastuszak, D. A. Patel, M. Pavin, D. Payne, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pidcott, S. Playfer, B. W. Pointon, A. Popov, B. Popov, K. Porwit, M. Posiadala-Zezula, G. Pronost, N. W. Prouse, B. Quilain, A. A. Quiroga, E. Radicioni, B. Radics, P. J. Rajda, M. Rescigno, G. Ricciardi, B. Richards, E. Rondio, B. Roskovec, S. Roth, C. Rott, A. Rubbia, A. C. Ruggeri, S. Russo, A. Rychter, D. Ryu, K. Sakashita, S. Samani, F. Sánchez, M. L. Sánchez, S. Sano, J. D. Santos, G. Santucci, P. Sarmah, K. Sato, M. Scott, Y. Seiya, T. Sekiguchi, H. Sekiya, J. W. Seo, D. Sgalaberna, A. Shaykina, I. Shimizu, C. D. Shin, M. Shinoki, M. Shiozawa, N. Skrobova, K. Skwarczynski, M. B. Smy, J. Sobczyk, H. W. Sobel, F. J. P. Soler, Y. Sonoda, R. Spina, B. Spisso, P. Spradlin, K. L. Stankevich, L. Stawarz, S. M. Stellacci, A. I. Studenikin, S. L. Suárez Gómez, T. Suganuma, S. Suvorov, Y. Suwa, A. T. Suzuki, S. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, D. Svirida, M. Taani, M. Tada, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, A. Taketa, Y. Takeuchi, H. Tanaka, H. I. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, T. Tashiro, M. Thiesse, L. F. Thompson, A. K. Tomatani-Sánchez, G. Tortone, K. M. Tsui, T. Tsukamoto, M. Tzanov, Y. Uchida, M. R. Vagins, S. Valder, V. Valentino, G. Vasseur, A. Vijayvargi, W. G. S. Vinning, D. Vivolo, R. B. Vogelaar, M. M. Vyalkov, T. Wachala, J. Walker, D. Wark, M. O. Wascko, R. A. Wendell, J. R. Wilson, S. Wronka, J. Xia, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamamoto, T. Yano, N. Yershov, M. Yokoyama, J. Yoo, I. Yu, T. Zakrzewski, B. Zaldivar, J. Zalipska, K. Zaremba, G. Zarnecki, M. Ziembicki, K. Zietara, M. Zito, S. Zsoldos, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hyper-Kamiokande, HEP, INSPIRE, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anthony, L. H. V., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Aushev, V., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Buizza Avanzini, M., Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Catanesi, M. G., Chakraborty, S., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Eklund, L., El Hedri, S., Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, J. S., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Karlen, D., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mccauley, N., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Miki, S., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, Ki., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Nascimento Machado, L., Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Pari, M., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Rescigno, M., Ricciardi, G., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Studenikin, A. I., Suárez Gómez, S. L., Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yano, T., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
nucleon: decay, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Cherenkov counter: water, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, J-PARC Lab, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), KAMIOKANDE, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], upgrade, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detector, neutrino: oscillation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], activity report
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande is the next generation underground water Cherenkov detector that builds on the highly successful Super-Kamiokande experiment. The detector which has an 8.4~times larger effective volume than its predecessor will be located along the T2K neutrino beamline and utilize an upgraded J-PARC beam with 2.6~times beam power. Hyper-K's low energy threshold combined with the very large fiducial volume make the detector unique, that is expected to acquire an unprecedented exposure of 3.8~Mton$\cdot$year over a period of 20~years of operation. Hyper-Kamiokande combines an extremely diverse science program including nucleon decays, long-baseline neutrino oscillations, atmospheric neutrinos, and neutrinos from astrophysical origins. The scientific scope of this program is highly complementary to liquid-argon detectors for example in sensitivity to nucleon decay channels or supernova detection modes. Hyper-Kamiokande construction has started in early 2020 and the experiment is expected to start operations in 2027. The Hyper-Kamiokande collaboration is presently being formed amongst groups from 19 countries including the United States, whose community has a long history of making significant contributions to the neutrino physics program in Japan. US physicists have played leading roles in the Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande, EGADS, K2K, and T2K programs., 6 pages, prepared as Snowmass2021 LOI

Published
2020

14. The Status of the Superomega Muon Beamline

Author

Y. Ikedo, Y. Miyake, K. Shimomura, P. Strasser, K. Nishiyama, N. Kawamura, H. Fujimori, S. Makimura, A. Koda, K. Nakahara, T. Ogitsu, Y. Makida, T. Adachi, M. Yoshida, A. Yamamoto, T. Nakamoto, K. Sasaki, K. Tanaka, N. Kimura, W. Higemoto, Y. Ajima, K. Ishida, Y. Matsuda, A. Sato, B. S. Acharya, Maury Goodman, and Naba K. Mondal

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Electromagnet, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle accelerator, Solenoid, law.invention, Muon capture, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Electrical equipment, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC
Abstract

The Superomega muon beamline is currently under construction at Experimental hall No. 2 of the Materials and Life Science Facility at J‐PARC in Tokai, Japan. The beamline has a large solid angle acceptance, and will produce the highest intensity pulsed muon beam in the world. The beamline is designed to capture both surface positive and cloud negative muons for simultaneous use in a variety of experiments. The expected rate of surface muons for this beamline is 4×108 μ+/s, and that for cloud muons is 107μ−/s. The beamline consists of the normal‐conducting capture solenoid, the superconducting curved transport solenoid and axial focusing solenoid. The construction of the capture solenoid has been completed and installed in March 2009, and the transport solenoid is now fabricated, and will be installed in the summer of 2011. The calculation of the beamline optics of the axial focusing solenoid is underway.

Published
2011
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15. CRYOGENIC PERFORMANCE OF A SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET SYSTEM FOR THE J-PARC NEUTRINO BEAM LINE

Author

T. Okamura, N. Kimura, H. Ohhata, Y. Makida, T. Ogitsu, T. Nakamoto, K. Sasaki, T. Tomaru, O. Araoka, S. Suzuki, M. Iida, K. Tanaka, A. Yamamoto, and J. G. Weisend

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Refrigerator car, chemistry.chemical_element, Superconducting magnet, Cryogenics, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Dipole magnet, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Beam (structure), Helium
Abstract

A neutrino experiment facility using the J‐PARC proton beam has been constructed at Tokai campus of KEK. In this project, a 150 m superconducting magnet system is installed in an arc section of the primary proton beam line. The magnet system consists of 28 superconducting mag‐nets. The cold mass of a magnet is 6 tons. The refrigerator and the magnets are connected by a transfer tube with the total length of 90 m. Forced flow supercritical Helium with the mass flow rate of 300 g/sec, the inlet temperature of 4.5 K and inlet pressure of 400 kPa is supplied to the magnets through the transfer tube. A pair of superconducting busbars are also installed in the transfer tube. Total cold mass of the magnet system including the transfer tube and other instruments is about 204 tons. This paper describes the cryogenic performance of the superconducting magnet system.

Published
2010
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16. The Next Generation Muon Source at J-PARC∕MLF

Author

K. Nakahara, T. Adachi, Y. Ikedo, Y. Miyake, K. Shimomura, P. Strasser, K. Nishiyama, N. Kawamura, H. Fujimori, S. Makimura, A. Koda, K. Nagamine, T. Ogitsu, A. Yamamoto, K. Sasaki, K. Tanaka, N. Kimura, Y. Makida, Y. Ajima, K. Ishida, Y. Matsudaf, Daniel Kaplan, Maury Goodman, and Zack Sullivan

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle accelerator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Magnet, Electrical equipment, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Beam (structure), Lepton
Abstract

The Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) is currently under construction at J‐PARC in Tokai, Japan. The muon section of the facility will house the muon production target and four secondary beam lines used to transport the muons into two experimental halls. Currently, one of the four beam lines (the Decay beam line) has been completed and is operational. The beam line currently under construction is the large acceptance beam line (the so called Super‐Omega beam line) which, when completed, will produce the highest intensity pulsed muon beam in the world. The expected rate of surface muons for this beam line is 4×108 μ+/s, and a cloud muon rate of 107 μ−/s. The beam line consists of the normal‐conducting capture solenoids, the superconducting curved transport solenoids, and an axial focusing magnet. The capture solenoids have been fabricated and installed on the beam line, while the transport solenoids are under design, with initial prototype coils under fabrication.

Published
2010
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17. CRYOGENIC SYSTEM FOR J-PARC NEUTRINO SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET BEAM LINE—DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE TEST

Author

Y. Makida, H. Ohhata, T. Okamura, S. Suzuki, O. Araoka, T. Ogitsu, N. Kimura, T. Nakamoto, K. Sasaki, S. Kaneda, T. Takahashi, A. Ito, M. Nagami, T. Kumaki, T. Nakashima, and J. G. Weisend

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Nuclear engineering, Electrical engineering, Refrigerator car, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Cryogenics, Cooling capacity, law.invention, Beamline, Cryogenic nitrogen plant, law, Magnet, business
Abstract

A helium cryogenic plant has been constructed in the proton accelerator research complex, J‐PARC, to cool a string of superconducting magnets in the neutrino beam line since 2005. It consists of a screw compressor with a capacity of 160 g/s at 1.4 MPa, a 1.5 kW refrigerator, a centrifugal SHE pump with a flow rate of 300 g/s and peripherals. After system integration, performance tests have been carried out. In a preliminary cooling test without magnets, the cryogenic system attained a cooling capacity of 522 W by circulating supercritical helium flow of 300 g/s at 0.4 MPa and at 4.5 K. Afterwards a full system test with the magnets was carried out. The magnets were successfully charged up to an ultimate current of 5000 A beyond a nominal current of 4400 A. This paper describes the plant design and the result of performance measurements.

Published
2010
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18. Ultra Slow Muon Project at J-PARC, MUSE

Author

Y. Miyake, K. Nakahara, K. Shimomura, P. Strasser, N. Kawamura, A. Koda, S. Makimura, H. Fujimori, K. Nishiyama, Y. Matsuda, P. Bakule, T. Adachi, T. Ogitsu, Tetuso Iguchi, and Kenichi Watanabe

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Muon collider, Muonium, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Neutron source, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, J-PARC, Neutrino, Beam emittance
Abstract

The muon science facility (MUSE), along with the neutron, hadron, and neutrino facilities, is one of the experimental areas of the J‐PARC project, which was approved for construction at the Tokai JAEA site. The MUSE facility is located in the Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF), which is a building integrated to include both neutron and muon science programs. Construction of the MLF building was started in the beginning of 2004, and first muon beam is expected in the autumn of 2008.As a next step, we are planning to install, a Super Omega muon channel with a large acceptance of 400 msr, to extract the world strongest pulsed surface muon beam. Its goal is to extract 4×108 surface muons/s for the generation of the intense ultra slow muons, utilizing laser resonant ionization of Mu by applying an intense pulsed VUV laser system. As maximum 1×106 ultra slow muons/s will be expected, which will allow for the extension of μSR into the field of thin film and surface science.

Published
2009
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19. Design of the Large Acceptance Muon Beamline at J-PARC

Author

K. Nakahara, Y. Miyake, K. Shimomura, P. Strasser, K. Nishiyama, N. Kawamura, H. Fujimori, S. Makimura, A. Koda, K. Nagamine, T. Ogitsu, A. Yamamoto, T. Adachi, K. Sasaki, K. Tanaka, N. Kimura, Y. Makida, Y. Ajima, K. Ishida, Y. Matsuda, Osamu Yasuda, Naba Mondal, and Chihiro Ohmori

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon-catalyzed fusion, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, J-PARC, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) is currently under construction at J‐PARC in Tokai, Japan. The muon section of the facility will house the muon production target and four secondary beamlines used to transport the muons into two experimental halls. One of the beamlines is a large acceptance beamline (the so called Super Omega Muon beamline) which, when completed, will produce the largest intensity pulse muon beam in the world. The expected rate of surface muons for this beamline is 5×108 μ+/s, and a cloud muon rate of 107 μ−/s. The extracted muons will be used for projects involving the production of ultra‐slow muons as well as for muon‐catalyzed fusion. The beamline consists of the normal‐conducting capture solenoids, the superconducting curved transport solenoids, and the Dai Omega‐type axial focusing magnet. Currently, the capture and transport solenoids are under design, with the former in its final stages and the latter being finalized for construction of test coils. The design of the Da...

Published
2008
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20. The Construction of the Low-β Triplets for the LHC

Author

R. Ostojic, James Strait, T. Taylor, A. Yamamoto, A. Nobrega, M. Karppinen, G. Velev, C. Sylvester, T. Peterson, R. Bossert, K. Tsuchiya, Nobuhiro Kimura, T. Shintomi, T. Ogitsu, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. Tartaglia, T. Page, W.V. Delsolaro, S. Feher, J. Kerby, J. DiMarco, T. Nicol, P. Schlabach, Roger Rabehl, N. Ohuchi, and M.J. Lamm

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Superconducting magnet, Cryogenics, Nuclear physics, Assembly systems, Field quality, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab, Quadrupole magnet, High heat
Abstract

The performance of the LHC depends critically on the low-triplets, located on either side of the interaction points. Each triplet consists of four superconducting quadrupole magnets, which must operate reliably at up to 215 T/m, sustain high heat loads and have an excellent field quality. A collaboration between CERN, Fermilab and KEK was set up in 1996 to design and build the triplet systems, and after nine years of joint effort the production will be completed in 2005. We retrace the main events of the project and present the performance of the low-quadrupoles built by KEK and Fermilab and of other elements of the triplet. The assembly of the first triplet at CERN and plans for tunnel installation and commissioning in the LHC are also reported.

Published
2006
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21. The current redistribution process in Rutherford-type cables used for particle accelerator magnets

Author

E.A. Badea and T. Ogitsu

Subjects
Physics, Condensed matter physics, Numerical analysis, Particle accelerator, Mechanics, Superconducting magnet, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, law, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Magnet, Redistribution (chemistry), Electric potential, Critical current, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

The paper presents a numerical procedure for simulating the current redistribution process in flat multistrand Rutherford-type cables used for particle accelerator magnets. The analysis was performed considering a critical current nonuniform distribution of one of the strands in the cable along the magnet's longitudinal axis. The results imply that a higher interstrand conductance, although it is not favorable in terms of AC-loss, facilitates the current redistribution between strands and enhances the cable stability.

Published
1995
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22. Conceptual design of the Fermilab Nb/sub 3/Sn high field dipole model

Author

T. Ogitsu, D.R. Chichili, J.C. Tompkins, S. Yadav, R. Yamada, P.J. Limon, V. Yarba, Alexander V. Zlobin, N. Andreev, J.P. Ozelis, Iouri Terechkine, Emanuela Barzi, V.I. Kashikhin, T. Arkan, M. Wake, Shlomo Caspi, and G. Ambrosio

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Conceptual design, Condensed matter physics, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Superconducting magnet, Fermilab, High field, Dipole model, Magnetic field
Abstract

A short dipole model with the 10-11 T nominal field based on the Nb/sub 3/Sn superconducting strand is being developed at Fermilab in collaboration with LBNL and KEK as part of the R&D effort for VLHC. This paper describes the magnet conceptual design and parameters as well as the results of magnetic field, mechanical and quench protection calculations. Parameters of the superconducting strand and cable are also reported.

Published
2003
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23. Upgrading of TRISTAN by superconducting RF system

Author

Y. Kojima, K. Akai, M. Arinaga, K. Asano, E. Ezura, T. Furuya, K. Hara, K. Hosoyama, A. Kabe, E. Kako, K. Kubo, S. Kurokawa, S. Mitsunobu, H. Nakai, T. Nakazato, S. Noguchi, T. Ogitsu, K. Saito, Y. Sakamoto, T. Shishido, T. Suzuki, T. Tajima, and T. Takashima

Subjects
Superconductivity, Physics, Nuclear physics, Upgrade, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Niobium, chemistry.chemical_element, Rf system, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The energy upgrade of TRISTAN by a superconducting RF system is progressing. Sixteen five-cell 508 MHz cavities made of niobium have been installed and started to operate in November 1988. Superconducting cavities have raised the energy of e/sup -/e/sup +/ to 30.4 GeV from 28.5 GeV with a normal conducting RF system. Construction, vertical tests, horizontal tests and three months of operational experience are described. >

Published
2003
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24. Status of Superconducting Magnet System for J-PARC Neutrino Beam Line

Author

T. Ogitsu, Y. Makida, T. Nakamoto, K. Sasaki, O. Araoka, Y. Fujii, M. Iida, T. Ishii, R. Iwasaki, N. Kimura, T. Kobayashi, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakayoshi, H. Ohhata, T. Okamura, R. Okada, K. Sakashita, M. Shibata, M. Sugano, M. Yoshida, M. Anerella, J. Escallier, G. Ganetis, A. Ghosh, R. Gupta, J. Muratore, B. Parker, P. Wanderer, A. Jain, J. Charrier, T. Boussuge, and H. Kakuno

Subjects
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published
2013
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25. Test of Fermilab Built, Post-Asst, 50-MM-Aperture, Full Length SSC Dipole Magnets

Author

A. Devred, P. M. Mantsch, R.W. Hanft, M. Kuchnir, J. Kuzminski, Y. Zhao, D.F. Orris, W. Koska, C. Goodzeit, J. Zbasnik, M. Wake, H. Zheng, R. Bossert, P.O. Mazur, S. Delchamps, J. Ozelis, J.A. Carson, R. Stiening, T. Bush, C. Haddock, J. Turner, R. Schermer, W. Nah, D. W. CaponeII, M.J. Lamm, J. DiMarco, J. C. Tompkins, James Strait, T.J. Peterson, T. Ogitsu, S.A. Gourlay, A. Akhmetov, R. Coombes, P. Sanger, E. G. Pewitt, and J. Marks

Subjects
Physics, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, Nuclear physics, Dipole, Dipole magnet, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab, Magnetic dipole
Abstract

During 1992 at Fermilab, a series of nine 50-mm-aperture, 15-m-long, SSC superconducting dipole magnets, designed jointly by Fermilab, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the SSC Laboratory, have been built and successfully cold tested. Seven of these dipole magnets, designated for the Accelerator System String Test (ASST) carried out at SSCL in Dallas, were assembled at Fermilab by General Dynamics personnel, and have achieved the nominal operating current level without significant training.1,2 In addition, a series of four R&D magnets (DCA320 323) were manufactured at Fermilab to test an alternative insulation schemes. In this paper we present the quench performance of these four R&D magnets, which were cold tested at the Fermilab Magnet Test Facility at nominal temperatures of 4.35 K, 3.85 K, and 3.50 K. An extended characterization test was performed on one of these magnets (DCA322). During this test the magnet was successfully cooled down to superfluid He temperature (1.8 K) and reached a field B ≥ 9.5 T.

Published
1994
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26. Periodicity of crossover currents in a Rutherford-type cable subjected to a time-dependent magnetic field. Revision 1

Author

A. Devred, T. Ogitsu, and A. Akhmetov

Subjects
Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Condensed matter physics, Magnetic energy, Crossover, Superconducting magnet, Superconducting magnetic energy storage, Electric current, Magnetic flux, Magnetic field
Abstract

The behavior Of Rutherford-type cables under a time-dependent magnetic field is studied. Existing models are extended describing the currents flowing through the resistive contacts at the crossovers between the cable strands by considering crossover current distributions which are not uniform along the cable axis. The generalized system of equations are applied to a few cases of practical interest and show that, if not uniform, the crossover current distribution is periodic, with a period equal to the cable pitch length.

Published
1993
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27. Magnetic field measurements of full length 50 mm aperture SSC dipole magnets at Fermilab

Author

Y. Yu, M. Puglisi, A. Devred, W. Koska, R.W. Hanft, J. Strait, A. Mokhtarani, M.J. Lamm, D. Orris, J. Ozelis, M. Wake, J.A. Carson, J. Kuzminski, S.W. Delchamps, H. Zheng, R. Bossert, J. C. Tompkins, T. Ogitsu, P.O. Mazur, S. Gourlay, Y. Zhao, J. DiMarco, and M. Kuchnir

Subjects
Physics, Electromagnet, business.industry, Aperture, Electrical engineering, Particle accelerator, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, Nuclear physics, Dipole, law, Harmonics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Fermilab, business, Magnetic dipole
Abstract

Thirteen 16 m long, 50 mm aperture SSC dipole magnets, designed jointly by Fermilab, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the SSC Laboratory, have been built at Fermilab. The first nine magnets have been fully tested to date. The allowed harmonics are systematically shifted from zero by amounts larger than the specification. The unallowed harmonics, with the exception of the skew sextupole, are consistent with zero. The magnet-to-magnet RMS variation of all harmonics is much smaller than the specification.

Published
1992
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28. SSC collider dipole magnets field angle data

Author

A. Devred, D. Orris, R. Bossert, M. Bleadon, J. Kuzminski, J. DiMarco, J. Strait, W. Koska, E. Schmidt, H. Zheng, Y. Yu, M.J. Lamm, T. Ogitsu, J. Ozelis, J.A. Carson, R.W. Hanft, S.W. Delchamps, S. Gourlay, M. Kuchnir, P.O. Mazur, and M. Wake

Subjects
Physics, Cryostat, Electromagnet, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, law, Electromagnetic coil, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Fermilab, business
Abstract

In the fabrication of both 40 and 50 mm collider dipole superconducting magnets, surveys of the direction of the magnetic field along their length have been taken. This data besides being used for certifying compliance with the specifications for the finished magnet, yields interesting information on the straightness and rigidity of the coil placement between some stages in their manufacture and testing. A discussion on the measuring equipment and procedures is given. All of the 40 mm magnets that were built or cryostat at Fermilab have at least one of these surveys, and a summary of the data on them is presented. Most of the 50 mm magnets built and cold tested at Fermilab have been surveyed before and after insertion in the cryostat and before and after being cold tested. A summary of this data is also presented.

Published
1992
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29. Magnetic Field Measurements of Fermilab/General Dynamics Built Full Scale SSC Collider Dipole Magnets

Author

J. Di Marco, D.F. Orris, A. Devred, W. Koska, T. Ogitsu, M. Wake, R. Bossert, S.A. Gourlay, M. Puglisi, Yifei Yu, J. Kuzminski, H. Zheng, J. C. Tompkins, A. Mokhtarani, M.J. Lamm, P.O. Mazur, R.W. Hanft, S. Delchamps, James Strait, J.A. Carson, Y. Zhao, M. Kuchnir, and M. Bleadon

Subjects
Physics, Electromagnet, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Synchrotron, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, Nuclear physics, Dipole, Dipole magnet, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab
Abstract

This paper presents preliminary results of magnetic field measurements made on a series of 50 mm aperture 15 m long SSC collider dipole magnets designed and manufactured at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) for use in the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory (SSCL) Accelerator System String Test. The magnets were assembled by Fermilab and General Dynamics personnel, and were tested at the Magnet Test Facility (MTF) at Fermilab. Measurements of the dipole field angle, dipole field strength, and field shape parameters at various stages in magnet construction and testing are described.

Published
1992
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30. Quench Performance of Fermilab/General Dynamics Built Full Length SSC Collider Dipole Magnets

Author

R.W. Hanft, J. Di Marco, A. Devred, S. Delchamps, M. Puglisi, James Strait, M. Bleadon, T. Ogitsu, W. Nah, Y. Zhao, J. C. Tompkins, S.A. Gourlay, M. Wake, M.J. Lamm, P.O. Mazur, H. Zheng, R. Bossert, J. Kuzminski, Yifei Yu, D.F. Orris, W. Koska, M. Kuchnir, J. Ozelis, and J.A. Carson

Subjects
Physics, Electromagnet, business.industry, Nuclear engineering, Electrical engineering, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, law, Dipole magnet, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab, Collider, business
Abstract

In this paper we present results of quench testing of full length SSC dipole magnets at Fermilab. The data are from the first six of a series of thirteen 15 m long, 50 mm aperture SSC dipole magnets which are being built and tested at Fermilab. These magnets were designed jointly by Fermilab, Brookhaven Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the SSC Laboratory. Among the major goals for this series of magnets are to transfer magnet production technology to the lead vendor for the Collider Dipole Magnet, the General Dynamics Corporation, and to demonstrate industrial production by the vendor. The first magnet in the series, DCA311, was built by Fermilab technicians to establish assembly procedures. The second magnet, DCA312, was the “technology transfer magnet and was built jointly by Fermilab and General Dynamics technicians. The next seven, DCA313-319 are being built by General Dynamics personnel using Fermilab facilities and procedures. However, Fermilab personnel still operate the major tooling, provide the welders, perform assembly of items that would not be part of production magnets (e.g. voltage taps), and oversee the QA program. Five of these 7 GD-built magnets will be used in the Accelerator Systems String Test (ASST) to be carried out in Dallas later this year. The last four magnets, DCA320-323, are being built by Fermilab alone.”

Published
1992
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31. Mechanical Behavior of Fermilab/General Dynamics Built 15M SSC Collider Dipoles

Author

Y. Yu, T. Ogitsu, R.W. Hanft, S.A. Gourlay, M.J. Lamm, P.O. Mazur, J.A. Carson, J. Kuzminski, H. Zheng, W. Nah, A. Devred, M. Bleadon, M. Puglisi, Y. Zhao, J. DiMarco, M. Kuchnir, J. C. Tompkins, R. Bossert, James Strait, S. Delchamps, M. Wake, D.F. Orris, and W. Koska

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Aperture, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Fermilab, Collider, business, Yoke
Abstract

A series of full-scale demonstration SSC collider dipole magnets were built for the ASST (Accelerator System String Test). These magnets, DCA311 through DCA319, have 50 mm aperture and 15 m magnetic length with 6.6 Tesla uniform field. For the support structure of the W6733B cross section[1], the Fermilab design uses a vertical split[2] in the yoke. The end sections of the magnet have solid spacers and are supported by collet clamps[3]. The splices between inner and outer coils are made in preforms which lie outside of the high field region. The magnets were produced in pipeline fashion with no intentional major changes between magnets. As a part of the technology transfer program, the last 7 magnets were built by General Dynamics personnel using the magnet construction facilities of Fermilab, while the first two magnets were built entirely by Fermilab personnel.

Published
1992
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32. About the mechanics of SSC dipole magnet prototypes

Author

R. P. Shutt, R. Gupta, A.K. Ghosh, A. Greene, P. Radusewicz, A. Meade, R.W. Hanft, J. Royet, D. Orris, R. Schermer, P. Wanderer, J. Thompkins, J. Kuzminski, E. Willen, M. Bleadon, T. Ogitsu, G. Ganetis, G.H. Morgan, Z. Wolf, J. Herrera, P. Sanger, M. Kuchnir, E. Kelly, R. Coombes, C. Taylor, H. Zheng, J. Strait, G. Spigo, C. Goodzeit, J.G. Cottingham, M. Puglisi, P.O. Mazur, Joseph Muratore, S.A. Kahn, Paul M. Mantsch, T. Bush, R.M. Scanlan, M. Garber, J. DiMarco, M. Rehak, W. Sampson, P.A. Thompson, Michael Anerella, T. Peterson, E.P. Rohrer, A. Prodell, J. Turner, A. Devred, and Y. Yu

Subjects
Physics, Electromagnet, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, Dipole, law, Dipole magnet, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Magnetic dipole
Abstract

During the last two years, nine 4‐cm aperture, 17‐m‐long dipole magnet prototypes were produced by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) under contact with the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) Laboratory. These prototypes are the last phase of a half‐decade‐long R&D program, carried out in collaboration with Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, and aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of the SSC main‐ring dipole magnets. They also lay the groundwork for the 5‐cm‐aperture dipole magnet program now underway. After reviewing the design features of the BNL 4‐cm‐aperture, 17‐m‐long dipole magnets, we describe in detail the various steps of their fabrication. For each step, we discuss the paramaters that need to be mastered, and we compare the values that were achieved for the nine most recent prototypes. The data appear coherent and reproducible, demonstrating that the assembly process is under control. We then analyze the mechanical behavior of these magnets during cooldown and excitation, and we attempt to relate this behavior to the magnet features. The data reveal that the mechanical behavior is sensitive to the collar‐yoke interference and that the magnets exhibit somewhat erratic changes in coil end‐loading during cooldown.

Published
1992
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33. Results from a partial lifetime test of a 40-mm aperture, 17-m long SSC model dipole

Author

A. Greene, R. P. Shutt, J. Potter, T. Ogitsu, T. Bush, R.M. Scanlan, G.H. Morgan, J. Royett, A. Jain, Joseph Muratore, E. H. Willen, J. C. Tompkins, J. Kuzminski, Yifei Yu, H. Zheng, P.O. Mazur, A.K. Ghosh, J.G. Cottingham, T. Peterson, P. Radusewicz, J. Di Marco, C. Goodzeit, E. P. Roher, W. B. Sampson, M. Kuchnir, Y. Zhao, A. Devred, R.W. Hanft, A. Prodell, James Strait, M. Puglisi, M. Garber, M. Bleadon, Michael Anerella, R. Schermer, P. Wanderer, M. Rehak, C.E. Taylor, R. Coombes, P.A. Thompson, R. Thomas, S.A. Kahn, E. Kelly, P. M. Mantsch, Ramesh Gupta, G. Ganetis, D.F. Orris, and P. Sanger

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Aperture, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, law.invention, Superconducting Super Collider, Nuclear physics, Dipole, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Magnetic dipole, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

A 40-mm-aperture, 17-m-long Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) model dipole was assembled at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and tested initially at Fermi National Accelerator Lab (FNAL) and later at BNL. At BNL an extended cycle test was devised to examine the magnet’s performance through numerous cold tests and thermal cycles. This paper discusses the magnet’s mechanical and quench performance and magnet field measurements during the tests.

38. Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Author

J. Marteau, Z. Williamson, P. F. Loverre, M. Iida, T. Ishii, M. M. Khabibullin, H. Kaji, J. Blocki, Andrew Marone, S. Dytman, H. Kubo, J. M. Roney, T. Ishida, J. Bouchez, Thorsten Lux, J. Zmuda, Frédéric Dufour, M. Gonin, G. P. Ward, Y. Kouzuma, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, Akitaka Ariga, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. R. Wilson, C. Nielsen, M. Messina, I. T. Lim, Shigeki Aoki, S. Giffin, I. Z. Danko, Justin Albert, A. V. Waldron, P. A. Rodrigues, M. Besnier, J. Dobson, A. Minamino, N. Abgrall, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, K. Tashiro, Katsuyu Kasami, S. Tobayama, J. L. Stone, J. J. Walding, V. Galymov, K. Kowalik, J. Myslik, M. Malek, L. L. Kormos, S. Horikawa, Masashi Tanaka, Koji Nakamura, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, Suyong Choi, Alastair Grant, T. Golan, C. Hansen, Y. Totsuka, J. D. Perkin, M. Barbi, G. Mituka, V. Paolone, T. Maryon, K. Iyogi, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. M. Tanaka, W. Metcalf, W. Coleman, T. Wongjirad, F. Di Lodovico, André Rubbia, S. Takahashi, F. Bay, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, T. Nobuhara, C. A. Chavez, J. Kisiel, T. Kikawa, A. C. Weber, M. J. Wilking, E. D. Zimmerman, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, Robert Henderson, K. Zaremba, Atsushi Takeda, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, M. Miura, Barry L. Nelson, Yu. G. Kudenko, T. Ozaki, E. Mazzucato, N. Kimura, L. Monfregola, J. Dumarchez, J. P.A.M. De André, Robert Wilson, K. Suzuki, D. Naples, Y. Takeuchi, Shinya Yamada, A. Robert, J. Steinmann, S. Di Luise, M. Ravonel, K. Nitta, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, G. F. Pearce, R. A. Johnson, C. Giganti, H. S. Budd, Oleg Mineev, Alexander Finch, N. Grant, A. Izmaylov, A. Curioni, M. Taguchi, C. K. Jung, J. L. Raaf, Michal Dziewiecki, G. Jover-Manas, M. Ziembicki, G. Collazuol, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, Minoru Otani, E. L. Mathie, K. Nishikawa, A. Carver, P. Paul, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. A. Nowak, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, C. Ishihara, A. Dabrowska, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, D. Ruterbories, Mark Scott, Jan T. Sobczyk, P. de Perio, K. Laihem, A.K. Ghosh, J. Beucher, N. West, I. Kato, S. Yen, T. Yano, T. Dealtry, Michel Raymond, A. Missert, P. Guzowski, S. B. Boyd, M. Sorel, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, N. Nagai, J. Zalipska, J. Lagoda, M. Iwasaki, T. Hara, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, G. Christodoulou, T. Lindner, O. Drapier, M. Bass, A. Suzuki, B. Hartfiel, Masashi Yokoyama, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, K. Sasaki, F. Moreau, M. A. Ward, Vincenzo Berardi, E. Poplawska, K. Ueno, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, P. T. Le, C. Bojechko, R. J. Smith, S. Manly, J. M. Levy, M. Zito, A. Konaka, S. Gomi, Yasuhiro Makida, M. Szeptycka, Leigh H. Whitehead, T. Kutter, A. K. Ichikawa, S. Roth, Federico Sanchez, K. Koseki, Tomoko Ariga, I. Kreslo, T. Sekiguchi, Kimihiro Okumura, A. Cazes, M. Ieva, N. Kulkarni, A. Hillairet, A. Cervera, K. Ieki, V. Palladino, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Kubota, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, J. Escallier, C. W. Walter, D. G. Brook-Roberge, H. Kakuno, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, R. Tacik, C. Hearty, A. Delbart, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. A. George, K. Kaneyuki, Gavin Davies, J. Ilic, L. Ludovici, B. E. Berger, G. Vasseur, S. Murphy, D. Karlen, K. Hamano, T. Tsukamoto, Toru Ogitsu, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, P. Kitching, G. Ganetis, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, M. O. Wascko, R. P. Litchfield, E. Kearns, Masato Shiozawa, L. Zambelli, R. J. Wilkes, B. A. Popov, David Calvet, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, S. Koike, F. Retiere, C. Licciardi, S. J. Ives, S. Assylbekov, A. Haesler, C. A. Miller, Takayuki Tomaru, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, I. Taylor, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, B. Still, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, B. Kirby, C. Strabel, Kendall Mahn, Kate Scholberg, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, M. Hartz, A. Ferrero, W. Toki, S. Nakayama, P. Mijakowski, A. Sarrat, S. Short, N. C. Hastings, U. Dore, A. Thorley, Henry W. Sobel, T. M. Raufer, M. D. Haigh, A. Gendotti, A. Korzenev, Joseph Muratore, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Yoshinari Hayato, C. Yanagisawa, Gareth J. Barker, Y. Shimizu, Dmitriy Beznosko, J. P. Coleman, Rhiju Das, B. Jamieson, Y. Kurimoto, Michael Litos, P. Gumplinger, C. Touramanis, Antonio Ereditato, N. Yershov, R. L. Helmer, Kevin Scott McFarland, Takashi Kobayashi, D. I. Scully, E. Radicioni, T. Maruyama, Marek Stodulski, T. Nakadaira, A. Yamamoto, F. Khanam, G.D. Barr, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, K. P. Lee, A. Muir, Kodai Matsuoka, R. Terri, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, A. D. Marino, A. Blondel, S. Sabouri, M. Fechner, Fred Gannaway, J. Marzec, N. J. Buchanan, A. Bravar, O. Araoka, Y. Yamada, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, Hirokatsu Ohhata, S. L. Cartwright, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, K. Connolly, T. Yamauchi, S. W. K. Emery, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, D. Terhorst, K. Abe, R. Sacco, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, C. Andreopoulos, M. L. Navin, H.A. Tanaka, Achim Stahl, N. Tanimoto, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, T. C. Nicholls, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, M. B. Smy, A. Zalewska, G. Kogan, J. Swierblewski, M. Shibata, G. De Rosa, H. Nishino, A. Hyndman, R. A. Owen, A. Badertscher, S. M. Oser, M. Macaire, Y. Seiya, J. Schwehr, Y. Takenaga, M. Goldhaber, T. Yuan, K. Mizouchi, Viktor Matveev, Paul Fraser Harrison, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Ikeda, Ken Sakashita, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, R. Poutissou, P. Masliah, B. Morgan, A. Hatzikoutelis, J. Y. Kim, R. Sulej, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, Yusuke Koshio, M. Mezzetto, A. Murakami, T. Nakai, Jing Wang, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, N. McCauley, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, Lester D.R. Thompson, K. Hayashi, M. Vagins, B. Andrieu, J. Holeczek, M. Dziomba, Eiichi Hirose, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, V. Kravtsov, M. Day, A. Longhin, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, Y., Ajima, H., Aihara, J. B., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, B., Andrieu, M. D., Anerella, S., Aoki, O., Araoka, J., Argyriade, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, A., Badertscher, M., Barbi, G. J., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, M., Batkiewicz, F., Bay, S., Bentham, V., Berardi, B. E., Berger, I., Bertram, M., Besnier, J., Beucher, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F. d. M., Blaszczyk, J., Blocki, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, J., Bouchez, S. B., Boyd, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D. G., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, H., Budd, D., Calvet, S. L., Cartwright, A., Carver, R., Castillo, M. G., Catanesi, A., Caze, A., Cervera, C., Chavez, S., Choi, G., Christodoulou, J., Coleman, G., Collazuol, W., Coleman, K., Connolly, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, G. S., Davie, S., Davi, M., Day, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, J. P. A. M., de André, P., de Perio, T., Dealtry, A., Delbart, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, P., Dinh Tran, J., Dobson, U., Dore, O., Drapier, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, J. E., Escallier, L., Escudero, L. S., Esposito, M., Fechner, A., Ferrero, A. J., Finch, E., Frank, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, V., Galymov, G. L., Ganeti, F. C., Gannaway, A., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, M., George, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, A. K., Ghosh, T., Golan, M., Goldhaber, J. J., Gomez Cadena, S., Gomi, M., Gonin, N., Grant, A., Grant, P., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, A., Haesler, M. D., Haigh, K., Hamano, C., Hansen, D., Hansen, T., Hara, P. F., Harrison, B., Hartfiel, M., Hartz, T., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, N. C., Hasting, A., Hatzikouteli, K., Hayashi, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R. L., Helmer, R., Henderson, N., Higashi, J., Hignight, A., Hillairet, E., Hirose, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, A., Hyndman, A. K., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, J., Ilic, J., Imber, T., Ishida, C., Ishihara, T., Ishii, S. J., Ive, M., Iwasaki, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, B., Jamieson, R. A., Johnson, K. K., Joo, G. V., Jover Mana, C. K., Jung, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, K., Kaneyuki, D., Karlen, K., Kasami, I., Kato, H., Kawamuko, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, N., Kimura, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, S., Koike, A., Konaka, L. L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, K., Kowalik, V., Kravtsov, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, J., Kubota, Y., Kudenko, N., Kulkarni, Y., Kurimoto, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, M., Laveder, K. P., Lee, P. T., Le, J. M., Levy, C., Licciardi, I. T., Lim, T., Lindner, R. P., Litchfield, M., Lito, A., Longhin, G. D., Lopez, P. F., Loverre, L., Ludovici, T., Lux, M., Macaire, K., Mahn, Y., Makida, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A. D., Marino, A. J., Marone, J., Marteau, J. F., Martin, T., Maruyama, T., Maryon, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E. L., Mathie, C., Matsumura, K., Matsuoka, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K. S., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, W., Metcalf, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C. A., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A. D., Missert, G., Mituka, M., Miura, K., Mizouchi, L., Monfregola, F., Moreau, B., Morgan, S., Moriyama, A., Muir, A., Murakami, J. F., Muratore, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, N., Nagai, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamoto, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, D., Naple, M. L., Navin, B., Nelson, T. C., Nicholl, C., Nielsen, K., Nishikawa, H., Nishino, K., Nitta, T., Nobuhara, J. A., Nowak, Y., Obayashi, T., Ogitsu, H., Ohhata, T., Okamura, K., Okumura, T., Okusawa, S. M., Oser, M., Otani, R. A., Owen, Y., Oyama, T., Ozaki, M. Y., Pac, Palladino, Vittorio, V., Paolone, P., Paul, D., Payne, G. F., Pearce, J. D., Perkin, V., Pettinacci, F., Pierre, E., Poplawska, B., Popov, M., Posiadala, J. M., Poutissou, R., Poutissou, P., Przewlocki, W., Qian, J. L., Raaf, E., Radicioni, P. N., Ratoff, T. M., Raufer, M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, F., Retiere, A., Robert, P. A., Rodrigue, E., Rondio, J. M., Roney, B., Rossi, S., Roth, A., Rubbia, D., Ruterborie, S., Sabouri, R., Sacco, K., Sakashita, F., Sánchez, A., Sarrat, K., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, J., Schwehr, M., Scott, D. I., Scully, Y., Seiya, T., Sekiguchi, H., Sekiya, M., Shibata, Y., Shimizu, M., Shiozawa, S., Short, M., Siyad, R. J., Smith, M., Smy, J. T., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, A., Stahl, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, J., Stone, M., Stodulski, C., Strabel, R., Sulej, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, J., Swierblewski, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, M., Taguchi, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanaka, N., Tanimoto, K., Tashiro, I., Taylor, A., Terashima, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L. F., Thompson, A., Thorley, W., Toki, S., Tobayama, T., Tomaru, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, J. J., Walding, A. V., Waldron, C. W., Walter, P. J., Wanderer, J., Wang, M. A., Ward, G. P., Ward, D., Wark, M. O., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, N., West, L. H., Whitehead, G., Wikström, R. J., Wilke, M. J., Wilking, Z., Williamson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, S., Yamada, Y., Yamada, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yamanoi, H., Yamaoka, T., Yamauchi, C., Yanagisawa, T., Yano, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, T., Yuan, A., Zalewska, J., Zalipska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E. D., Zimmerman, M., Zito, and J., Zmuda

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, on-axis near detector, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, neutrino oscillation, neutrino detector, wavelength shifting fiber, t2k, extruded scintillator, neutrino beam, Neutrino detector, Nuclear physics, Neutrino beam, 0103 physical sciences, Extruded scintillator, Muon neutrino, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, T2K, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Wavelength shifting fiber, T2K experiment, Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Wavelength shiftingfiber, Measurements of neutrino speed, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Beam (structure), Lepton
Abstract

Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A

Published
2012
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39. Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam

Author

S. Roth, J. Lagoda, M. Iwasaki, Paul Fraser Harrison, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Ikeda, M. Bass, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, C. Bojechko, C. W. Walter, B. A. Popov, Vincenzo Berardi, P. T. Le, P. Mijakowski, C. Licciardi, Tomoko Ariga, J. Ilic, M. Ravonel, T. Maruyama, E. L. Mathie, V. Galymov, T. Ishii, M. A. George, I. Taylor, G. Vasseur, T. Nakadaira, Kazuhiro Suzuki, M. Ieva, Hirokatsu Ohhata, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, P. Paul, Kate Scholberg, M. M. Khabibullin, A. Yamamoto, Toru Ogitsu, F. Khanam, G.D. Barr, T. Maryon, Michel Raymond, P. Kitching, R. Tacik, M. Hartz, G. Christodoulou, S. B. Boyd, J. R. Wilson, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, E. Frank, M. O. Wascko, C. A. Chavez, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, B. Hartfiel, A. C. Weber, E. Kearns, K. P. Lee, Justin Albert, N. Abgrall, M. Szeptycka, M. M. Tanaka, Leigh H. Whitehead, J. P.A.M. De André, E. Mazzucato, Sy Suzuki, Y. Obayashi, K. Mavrokoridis, G. F. Pearce, J. J. Walding, A. Suzuki, J. Myslik, N. Grant, André Rubbia, M. Murdoch, S. W. K. Emery, Masayuki Nakahata, P. de Perio, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, Yusuke Koshio, Masashi Tanaka, S. Yen, T. Ishida, Yoshikazu Yamada, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, T. Yano, T. Golan, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, Y. Uchida, C. Hansen, C. A. Miller, A. Minamino, M. Day, V. Paolone, P. Sutcliffe, Masashi Yokoyama, E. Poplawska, R. Poutissou, Hs Budd, P. Masliah, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, A. Longhin, Michael Litos, J. Marteau, O. Drapier, K. Iyogi, F. Moreau, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Iida, B. Morgan, M. A. Ward, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, J. M. Levy, L. L. Kormos, T. Kikawa, C. Touramanis, Kendall Mahn, Robert Henderson, A. Hatzikoutelis, H. Kaji, R. A. Johnson, Antonio Ereditato, H. Nishino, M. Zito, N. Yershov, A. Cazes, K. Zaremba, B. Kirby, I. Kreslo, J. Dumarchez, Kevin Scott McFarland, A. Cervera, Henry W. Sobel, V. Palladino, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, Takashi Kobayashi, M. Malek, J. Y. Kim, J. Kisiel, T. M. Raufer, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, Y. Takeuchi, A. Delbart, J. D. Perkin, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, R. Sulej, Atsushi Takeda, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Oleg Mineev, K. Hamano, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, T. Tsukamoto, S. J. Ives, R. P. Litchfield, Takayuki Tomaru, Masato Shiozawa, M. Ziembicki, S. Sabouri, Ken Sakashita, Norio Higashi, J. Zalipska, Minoru Otani, David Calvet, C. Strabel, S. Assylbekov, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, K. Gilje, A. Zalewska, Federico Sanchez, M. Fechner, A. Haesler, Fred Gannaway, Alexander Finch, D. Ruterbories, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, Akitaka Ariga, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, K. Kowalik, J. Marzec, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, T. Hara, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, Koji Nakamura, M. Barbi, Hiroaki Aihara, G. Jover-Manas, A. Carver, Shigeki Aoki, P. N. Ratoff, T. Kutter, S. Giffin, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, W. Coleman, A. Gendotti, A. Missert, F. Bay, M. Miura, T. Ozaki, A. Muir, Kodai Matsuoka, P. Guzowski, A. Bravar, Frédéric Dufour, C. Yanagisawa, K. Nishikawa, G. P. Ward, I. T. Lim, R. Terri, J. Holeczek, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Michal Dziewiecki, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Jan T. Sobczyk, K. Laihem, N. Kimura, H. Kubo, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, P. Gumplinger, R. L. Helmer, Gareth J. Barker, Kimihiro Okumura, K. Koseki, Y. Shimizu, Dmitriy Beznosko, D. G. Brook-Roberge, S. M. Oser, J. P. Coleman, Y. Seiya, J. Schwehr, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, S. Horikawa, A. Blondel, M. Goldhaber, S. Yamada, K. Ieki, D. Karlen, R. J. Wilkes, D. I. Scully, N. J. Buchanan, P. A. Rodrigues, E. Radicioni, M. L. Navin, H.A. Tanaka, Yoshinari Hayato, C. K. Jung, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, Achim Stahl, J. L. Stone, D. Kielczewska, A. Dabrowska, A. D. Marino, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, N. West, I. Kato, K. Kaneyuki, T. C. Nicholls, Gavin Davies, U. Dore, P. Stamoulis, A. Thorley, A. Korzenev, L. Ludovici, M. Sorel, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, T. Lindner, C. Densham, G. Kogan, G. De Rosa, S. Hastings, R. A. Owen, M. D. Haigh, A. Badertscher, M. Macaire, Y. Takenaga, M. J. Wilking, Rhiju Das, S. Dytman, B. Jamieson, J. L. Raaf, J. Bouchez, Thorsten Lux, O. Araoka, M. Gonin, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, J. Steinmann, K. Abe, R. Sacco, S. L. Cartwright, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, K. Connolly, C. Andreopoulos, D. Terhorst, T. Nakai, Jing Wang, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, N. McCauley, K. Mizouchi, Viktor Matveev, M. Noy, N. Tanimoto, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, M. B. Smy, M. Shibata, A. Hyndman, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, P. F. Loverre, J. M. Roney, Lester D.R. Thompson, Y. Kouzuma, L. R. Sulak, M. Mezzetto, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, I. Z. Danko, K. Sasaki, K. Tashiro, Koh Ueno, Katsuyu Kasami, Yasuhiro Makida, N. Kulkarni, C. Hearty, T. Sekiguchi, Tatsushi Nakamoto, Alastair Grant, Richard J.H. Smith, G. Mituka, A. Murakami, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, S. Di Luise, F. Di Lodovico, A. Curioni, K. Hayashi, Barry L. Nelson, Yu. G. Kudenko, L. Monfregola, S. Koike, S. Manly, M. Vagins, B. Andrieu, C. Giganti, B. Still, J. A. Nowak, C. Ishihara, M. Dziomba, Eiichi Hirose, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, V. Kravtsov, S. Murphy, F. Retiere, Y. Totsuka, Susumu Takahashi, W. Metcalf, T. Wongjirad, S. Nakayama, A. Sarrat, S. Short, N. C. Hastings, D. Naples, A. Robert, A. Izmaylov, Steve K. Choi, J. Zmuda, M. Messina, A. V. Waldron, M. Besnier, J. Dobson, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Robert Wilson, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, J. Beucher, A. Konaka, W. H. Toki, B. E. Berger, H. Kakuno, L. Zambelli, A. K. Ichikawa, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Escudero Sanchez, Lorena [0000-0003-3464-9206], Whitehead, Leigh [0000-0002-3327-2534], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, Y., Ajima, H., Aihara, J., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, B., Andrieu, S., Aoki, O., Araoka, J., Argyriade, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, A., Badertscher, M., Barbi, G., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, F., Bay, S., Bentham, V., Berardi, B., Berger, I., Bertram, M., Besnier, J., Beucher, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F., Blaszczyk, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, J., Bouchez, S., Boyd, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, H., Budd, D., Calvet, S., Cartwright, A., Carver, R., Castillo, M., Catanesi, A., Caze, A., Cervera, C., Chavez, S., Choi, G., Christodoulou, J., Coleman, W., Coleman, G., Collazuol, K., Connolly, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, G., Davie, S., Davi, M., Day, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, J., de André, P., de Perio, A., Delbart, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, P., Dinh Tran, J., Dobson, U., Dore, O., Drapier, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, L., Escudero, L., Esposito, M., Fechner, A., Ferrero, A., Finch, E., Frank, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, V., Galymov, F., Gannaway, A., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, M., George, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, T., Golan, M., Goldhaber, J., Gomez Cadena, M., Gonin, N., Grant, A., Grant, P., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, A., Haesler, M., Haigh, K., Hamano, C., Hansen, D., Hansen, T., Hara, P., Harrison, B., Hartfiel, M., Hartz, T., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, N., Hasting, S., Hasting, A., Hatzikouteli, K., Hayashi, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R., Helmer, R., Henderson, N., Higashi, J., Hignight, E., Hirose, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, A., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, J., Ilic, J., Imber, T., Ishida, C., Ishihara, T., Ishii, S., Ive, M., Iwasaki, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, B., Jamieson, R., Johnson, K., Joo, G., Jover Mana, C., Jung, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, K., Kaneyuki, D., Karlen, K., Kasami, I., Kato, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, J., Kim, S., Kim, N., Kimura, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, S., Koike, A., Konaka, L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, K., Kowalik, V., Kravtsov, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, Y., Kudenko, N., Kulkarni, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, M., Laveder, K., Lee, P., Le, J., Levy, C., Licciardi, I., Lim, T., Lindner, R., Litchfield, M., Lito, A., Longhin, G., Lopez, P., Loverre, L., Ludovici, T., Lux, M., Macaire, K., Mahn, Y., Makida, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A., Marino, J., Marteau, J., Martin, T., Maruyama, T., Maryon, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E., Mathie, C., Matsumura, K., Matsuoka, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, W., Metcalf, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A., Missert, G., Mituka, M., Miura, K., Mizouchi, L., Monfregola, F., Moreau, B., Morgan, S., Moriyama, A., Muir, A., Murakami, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamoto, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, D., Naple, M., Navin, B., Nelson, T., Nicholl, K., Nishikawa, H., Nishino, J., Nowak, M., Noy, Y., Obayashi, T., Ogitsu, H., Ohhata, T., Okamura, K., Okumura, T., Okusawa, S., Oser, M., Otani, R., Owen, Y., Oyama, T., Ozaki, M., Pac, Palladino, Vittorio, V., Paolone, P., Paul, D., Payne, G., Pearce, J., Perkin, V., Pettinacci, F., Pierre, E., Poplawska, B., Popov, M., Posiadala, J. M., Poutissou, R., Poutissou, P., Przewlocki, W., Qian, J., Raaf, E., Radicioni, P., Ratoff, T., Raufer, M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, F., Retiere, A., Robert, P., Rodrigue, E., Rondio, J., Roney, B., Rossi, S., Roth, A., Rubbia, D., Ruterborie, S., Sabouri, R., Sacco, K., Sakashita, F., Sánchez, A., Sarrat, K., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, J., Schwehr, M., Scott, D., Scully, Y., Seiya, T., Sekiguchi, H., Sekiya, M., Shibata, Y., Shimizu, M., Shiozawa, S., Short, M., Siyad, R., Smith, M., Smy, J., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, A., Stahl, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, J., Stone, C., Strabel, L., Sulak, R., Sulej, P., Sutcliffe, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, N., Tanimoto, K., Tashiro, I., Taylor, A., Terashima, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L., Thompson, A., Thorley, W., Toki, T., Tomaru, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, J., Walding, A., Waldron, C., Walter, P., Wanderer, J., Wang, M., Ward, G., Ward, D., Wark, M., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, N., West, L., Whitehead, G., Wikström, R., Wilke, M., Wilking, J., Wilson, R., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, S., Yamada, Y., Yamada, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yamanoi, H., Yamaoka, C., Yanagisawa, T., Yano, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, A., Zalewska, J., Zalipska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E., Zimmerman, M., Zito, J., ??muda, and Walter, Christopher W

Subjects
Particle physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:500.2, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, 14.60.Pq, 13.15.+g, 25.30.Pt, 95.55.Vj, 0103 physical sciences, neutrino oscillation, Muon neutrino, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, NOνA, Tribimaximal mixing, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, T2K experiment, Física, T2K Collaboration, particle identification, Electron neutrino, experimental results
Abstract

The T2K experiment observes indications of $\nu_\mu\rightarrow \nu_e$ appearance in data accumulated with $1.43\times10^{20}$ protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with $|\Delta m_{23}^2|=2.4\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$, $\sin^2 2\theta_{23}=1$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}=0$, the expected number of such events is 1.5$\pm$0.3(syst.). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7$\times10^{-3}$, equivalent to 2.5$\sigma$ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04)$, Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, version published in PRL

Published
2011
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40. Spatiotemporal dynamics of fast electron heating in solid-density matter via XFEL.

Author

Sawada H, Yabuuchi T, Higashi N, Iwasaki T, Kawasaki K, Maeda Y, Izumi T, Nakagawa Y, Shigemori K, Sakawa Y, Curry CB, Frost M, Iwata N, Ogitsu T, Sueda K, Togashi T, Hu SX, Glenzer SH, Kemp AJ, Ping Y, and Sentoku Y

Abstract

High-intensity, short-pulse lasers are crucial for generating energetic electrons that produce high-energy-density (HED) states in matter, offering potential applications in igniting dense fusion fuels for fast ignition laser fusion. High-density targets heated by these electrons exhibit spatially non-uniform and highly transient conditions, which have been challenging to characterize due to limitations in diagnostics that provide simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we employ an X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) to achieve spatiotemporally resolved measurements at sub-micron and femtosecond scales on a solid-density copper foil heated by laser-driven fast electrons. Our X-ray transmission imaging reveals the formation of a solid-density hot plasma localized to the laser spot size, surrounded by Fermi degenerate, warm dense matter within a picosecond, and the energy relaxation occurring within the hot plasma over tens of picoseconds. These results validate 2D particle-in-cell simulations incorporating atomic processes and provide insights into the energy transfer mechanisms beyond current simulation capabilities. This work significantly advances our understanding of rapid fast electron heating and energy relaxation in solid-density matter, serving as a key stepping stone towards efficient high-density plasma heating and furthering the fields of HED science and inertial fusion energy research using intense, short-pulse lasers., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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41. Confinement Effects on Proton Transfer in TiO 2 Nanopores from Machine Learning Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Author

Kwon H, Calegari Andrade MF, Ardo S, Esposito DV, Pham TA, and Ogitsu T

Abstract

Improved understanding of proton transfer in nanopores is critical for a wide range of emerging applications, yet experimentally probing mechanisms and energetics of this process remains a significant challenge. To help reveal details of this process, we developed and applied a machine learning potential derived from first-principles calculations to examine water reactivity and proton transfer in TiO 2 slit-pores. We find that confinement of water within pores smaller than 0.5 nm imposes strong and complex effects on water reactivity and proton transfer. Although the proton transfer mechanism is similar to that at a TiO 2 interface with bulk water, confinement reduces the activation energy of this process, leading to more frequent proton transfer events. This enhanced proton transfer stems from the contraction of oxygen-oxygen distances dictated by the interplay between confinement and hydrophilic interactions. Our simulations also highlight the importance of the surface topology, where faster proton transport is found in the direction where a unique arrangement of surface oxygens enables the formation of an ordered water chain. In a broader context, our study demonstrates that proton transfer in hydrophilic nanopores can be enhanced by controlling pore size, surface chemistry, and topology.

Published
2024
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42. Defect graph neural networks for materials discovery in high-temperature clean-energy applications.

Author

Witman MD, Goyal A, Ogitsu T, McDaniel AH, and Lany S

Subjects
Temperature, Physical Phenomena, Thermodynamics, Neural Networks, Computer, Oxides
Abstract

We present a graph neural network approach that fully automates the prediction of defect formation enthalpies for any crystallographic site from the ideal crystal structure, without the need to create defected atomic structure models as input. Here we used density functional theory reference data for vacancy defects in oxides, to train a defect graph neural network (dGNN) model that replaces the density functional theory supercell relaxations otherwise required for each symmetrically unique crystal site. Interfaced with thermodynamic calculations of reduction entropies and associated free energies, the dGNN model is applied to the screening of oxides in the Materials Project database, connecting the zero-kelvin defect enthalpies to high-temperature process conditions relevant for solar thermochemical hydrogen production and other energy applications. The dGNN approach is applicable to arbitrary structures with an accuracy limited principally by the amount and diversity of the training data, and it is generalizable to other defect types and advanced graph convolution architectures. It will help to tackle future materials discovery problems in clean energy and beyond., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)

Published
2023
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43. Mechanistic Insights on Permeation of Water over Iron Cations in Nanoporous Silicon Oxide Films for Selective H 2 and O 2 Evolution.

Author

Aydin F, Andrade MFC, Stinson RS, Zagalskaya A, Schwalbe-Koda D, Chen Z, Sharma S, Maiti A, Esposito DV, Ardo S, Pham TA, and Ogitsu T

Abstract

Electrocatalysts encapsulated by an ultrathin and semipermeable oxide layer offer a promising avenue for efficient, selective, and cost-effective production of hydrogen through photoelectrochemical water splitting. This architecture is especially attractive for Z-scheme water splitting, for which a nanoporous oxide film can be leveraged to mitigate undesired, yet kinetically facile, reactions involving redox shuttles, such as aqueous iron cations, by limiting transport of these species to catalytically active sites. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were combined with electrochemical measurements to provide a mechanistic understanding of permeation of water and Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox shuttles through nanoporous SiO 2 films. It is shown that even for SiO 2 pores with a width as small as 0.8 nm, water does not experience any energy barrier for permeating into the pores due to a favorable interaction with hydrophilic silanol groups on the oxide surface. In contrast, permeation of Fe(III) and Fe(II) into microporous SiO 2 pores is limited due to high energy barriers, which stem from a combination of distortion and dehydration of the second and third ion solvation shells. Our simulations and experimental results show that SiO 2 coatings can effectively mitigate undesired Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox reactions at underlying electrodes by attenuating permeation of iron cations, while allowing water to permeate and thus participate in water splitting reactions. In a broader context, our study demonstrates that selectivity of solvated cations can be manipulated by controlling the pore size and surface chemistry of oxide films.

Published
2023
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44. Ultrafast time-resolved 2D imaging of laser-driven fast electron transport in solid density matter using an x-ray free electron laser.

Author

Sawada H, Yabuuchi T, Higashi N, Iwasaki T, Kawasaki K, Maeda Y, Izumi T, Nakagawa Y, Shigemori K, Sakawa Y, Curry CB, Frost M, Iwata N, Ogitsu T, Sueda K, Togashi T, Glenzer SH, Kemp AJ, Ping Y, and Sentoku Y

Abstract

High-power, short-pulse laser-driven fast electrons can rapidly heat and ionize a high-density target before it hydrodynamically expands. The transport of such electrons within a solid target has been studied using two-dimensional (2D) imaging of electron-induced Kα radiation. However, it is currently limited to no or picosecond scale temporal resolutions. Here, we demonstrate femtosecond time-resolved 2D imaging of fast electron transport in a solid copper foil using the SACLA x-ray free electron laser (XFEL). An unfocused collimated x-ray beam produced transmission images with sub-micron and ∼10 fs resolutions. The XFEL beam, tuned to its photon energy slightly above the Cu K-edge, enabled 2D imaging of transmission changes induced by electron isochoric heating. Time-resolved measurements obtained by varying the time delay between the x-ray probe and the optical laser show that the signature of the electron-heated region expands at ∼25% of the speed of light in a picosecond duration. Time-integrated Cu Kα images support the electron energy and propagation distance observed with the transmission imaging. The x-ray near-edge transmission imaging with a tunable XFEL beam could be broadly applicable for imaging isochorically heated targets by laser-driven relativistic electrons, energetic protons, or an intense x-ray beam.

Published
2023
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45. Crystallographic Effects of GaN Nanostructures in Photoelectrochemical Reaction.

Author

Xiao Y, Vanka S, Pham TA, Dong WJ, Sun Y, Liu X, Navid IA, Varley JB, Hajibabaei H, Hamann TW, Ogitsu T, and Mi Z

Subjects
Catalysis, Gallium chemistry, Nanostructures chemistry, Nanowires chemistry
Abstract

Tuning the surface structure of the photoelectrode provides one of the most effective ways to address the critical challenges in artificial photosynthesis, such as efficiency, stability, and product selectivity, for which gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires have shown great promise. In the GaN wurtzite crystal structure, polar, semipolar, and nonpolar planes coexist and exhibit very different structural, electronic, and chemical properties. Here, through a comprehensive study of the photoelectrochemical performance of GaN photocathodes in the form of films and nanowires with controlled surface polarities we show that significant photoelectrochemical activity can be observed when the nonpolar surfaces are exposed in the electrolyte, whereas little or no activity is measured from the GaN polar c -plane surfaces. The atomic origin of this fundamental difference is further revealed through density functional theory calculations. This study provides guideline on crystal facet engineering of metal-nitride photo(electro)catalysts for a broad range of artificial photosynthesis chemical reactions.

Published
2022
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46. Inq, a Modern GPU-Accelerated Computational Framework for (Time-Dependent) Density Functional Theory.

Author

Andrade X, Pemmaraju CD, Kartsev A, Xiao J, Lindenberg A, Rajpurohit S, Tan LZ, Ogitsu T, and Correa AA

Abstract

We present inq, a new implementation of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) written from scratch to work on graphic processing units (GPUs). Besides GPU support, inq makes use of modern code design features and takes advantage of newly available hardware. By designing the code around algorithms, rather than against specific implementations and numerical libraries, we aim to provide a concise and modular code. The result is a fairly complete DFT/TDDFT implementation in roughly 12 000 lines of open-source C++ code representing a modular platform for community-driven application development on emerging high-performance computing architectures.

Published
2021
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47. Development of a photoelectrochemically self-improving Si/GaN photocathode for efficient and durable H 2 production.

Author

Zeng G, Pham TA, Vanka S, Liu G, Song C, Cooper JK, Mi Z, Ogitsu T, and Toma FM

Abstract

Development of an efficient yet durable photoelectrode is of paramount importance for deployment of solar-fuel production. Here, we report the photoelectrochemically self-improving behaviour of a silicon/gallium nitride photocathode active for hydrogen production with a Faradaic efficiency approaching ~100%. By using a correlative approach based on different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, as well as density functional theory calculations, we provide a mechanistic understanding of the chemical transformation that is the origin of the self-improving behaviour. A thin layer of gallium oxynitride forms on the side walls of the gallium nitride grains, via a partial oxygen substitution at nitrogen sites, and displays a higher density of catalytic sites for the hydrogen-evolving reaction. This work demonstrates that the chemical transformation of gallium nitride into gallium oxynitride leads to sustained operation and enhanced catalytic activity, thus showing promise for oxynitride layers as protective catalytic coatings for hydrogen evolution., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Published
2021
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48. Enhancing Defect Tolerance with Ligands at the Surface of Lead Halide Perovskites.

Author

Smart TJ, Takenaka H, Pham TA, Tan LZ, Zhang JZ, Ogitsu T, and Ping Y

Abstract

High defect tolerance has been considered a primary reason for the long charge carrier lifetime and high photoluminescence quantum yield in bulk lead halide perovskites (LHPs). On the other hand, surface defects play a critical role in determining charge carrier dynamics and optical properties, especially for LHP nanocrystals and quantum dots. Understanding the nature of surface defects and developing strategy for their effective passivation are thus of strong interest. Focusing on a prototypical LHP, CsPbBr 3 , our work uses first-principles calculations to reveal that interstitial sites and antisites can have lower formation energies when they form at the surface while simultaneously creating deep trap states within the bandgap. Meanwhile, the formation of halide vacancies is energetically less favorable. On the basis of a new surface defect model, we demonstrate the explicit role of molecular ligands in passivating these defects, which eliminate trap states in favor of shallow states and enhance photoluminescence.

Published
2021
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49. Benchmarking boron carbide equation of state using computation and experiment.

Author

Zhang S, Marshall MC, Yang LH, Sterne PA, Militzer B, Däne M, Gaffney JA, Shamp A, Ogitsu T, Caspersen K, Lazicki AE, Erskine D, London RA, Celliers PM, Nilsen J, and Whitley HD

Abstract

Boron carbide (B_{4}C) is of both fundamental scientific and practical interest due to its structural complexity and how it changes upon compression, as well as its many industrial uses and potential for use in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy density physics experiments. We report the results of a comprehensive computational study of the equation of state (EOS) of B_{4}C in the liquid, warm dense matter, and plasma phases. Our calculations are cross-validated by comparisons with Hugoniot measurements up to 61 megabar from planar shock experiments performed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Our computational methods include path integral Monte Carlo, activity expansion, as well as all-electron Green's function Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker and molecular dynamics that are both based on density functional theory. We calculate the pressure-internal energy EOS of B_{4}C over a broad range of temperatures (∼6×10^{3}-5×10^{8} K) and densities (0.025-50 g/cm^{3}). We assess that the largest discrepancies between theoretical predictions are ≲5% near the compression maximum at 1-2×10^{6} K. This is the warm-dense state in which the K shell significantly ionizes and has posed grand challenges to theory and experiment. By comparing with different EOS models, we find a Purgatorio model (LEOS 2122) that agrees with our calculations. The maximum discrepancies in pressure between our first-principles predictions and LEOS 2122 are ∼18% and occur at temperatures between 6×10^{3}-2×10^{5} K, which we believe originate from differences in the ion thermal term and the cold curve that are modeled in LEOS 2122 in comparison with our first-principles calculations. To account for potential differences in the ion thermal term, we have developed three new equation-of-state models that are consistent with theoretical calculations and experiment. We apply these new models to 1D hydrodynamic simulations of a polar direct-drive NIF implosion, demonstrating that these new models are now available for future ICF design studies.

Published
2020
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50. Identifying the Role of Dynamic Surface Hydroxides in the Dehydrogenation of Ti-Doped NaAlH 4 .

Author

White JL, Rowberg AJE, Wan LF, Kang S, Ogitsu T, Kolasinski RD, Whaley JA, Baker AA, Lee JRI, Liu YS, Trotochaud L, Guo J, Stavila V, Prendergast D, Bluhm H, Allendorf MD, Wood BC, and El Gabaly F

Abstract

Solid-state metal hydrides are prime candidates to replace compressed hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles due to their high volumetric capacities. Sodium aluminum hydride has long been studied as an archetype for higher-capacity metal hydrides, with improved reversibility demonstrated through the addition of titanium catalysts; however, atomistic mechanisms for surface processes, including hydrogen desorption, are still uncertain. Here, operando and ex situ measurements from a suite of diagnostic tools probing multiple length scales are combined with ab initio simulations to provide a detailed and unbiased view of the evolution of the surface chemistry during hydrogen release. In contrast to some previously proposed mechanisms, the titanium dopant does not directly facilitate desorption at the surface. Instead, oxidized surface species, even on well-protected NaAlH 4 samples, evolve during dehydrogenation to form surface hydroxides with differing levels of hydrogen saturation. Additionally, the presence of these oxidized species leads to considerably lower computed barriers for H 2 formation compared to pristine hydride surfaces, suggesting that oxygen may actively participate in hydrogen release, rather than merely inhibiting diffusion as is commonly presumed. These results demonstrate how close experiment-theory feedback can elucidate mechanistic understanding of complex metal hydride chemistry and potentially impactful roles of unavoidable surface impurities.

Published
2019
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