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1. FACT — LONGTERM MONITORING OF BRIGHT TeV BLAZARS

Author: Katja Meier, A. Biland, T. Bretz, J. Buss, D. Dorner, S. Einecke, D. Eisenacher, D. Hildebrand, M. L. Knoetig, T. Krähenbühl, W. Lustermann, K. Mannheim, D. Neise, A.-K. Overkemping, A. Paravac, F. Pauss, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, T. Steinbring, F. Temme, J. Thaele, P. Vogler, R. Walter, Q. Weitzel, and M. Zänglein
Subjects: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT), located on the Canary Island of La Palma, has been taking data since October 2011. FACT has been optimized for longterm monitoring of bright TeV blazars, to study their variability time scales and flare probability. G-APD photo-sensors allow for observations even under strong moonlight conditions, and the telescope can be operated remotely. The monitoring strategy of FACT is discussed and preliminary results of the flare of Mrk501 in June 2012 are shown.
Published: 2014
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2. FACT — STATUS AND FIRST RESULTS

Author: Daniela Dorner, A. Biland, T. Bretz, J. Buss, S. Einecke, D. Eisenacher, D. Hildebrand, M. L. Knoetig, T. Krähenbühl, W. Lustermann, K. Mannheim, K. Meier, D. Neise, A.-K. Overkemping, A. Paravac, F. Pauss, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, T. Steinbring, F. Temme, J. Thaele, P. Vogler, R. Walter, Q. Weitzel, and M. Zänglein
Subjects: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: FACT is the first imaging Cherenkov telescope based on a camera using solid state photosensors (Geigermode Avalanche Photodiodes G-APD aka SiPM). Since October 2011, it has been taking data regularly. Apart from commissioning and calibration measurements, it has already started regular operation, where the main goal is to do long-term monitoring of bright TeV blazars. In June 2012, a flare of Mrk 501 was observed. Thanks to the robustness of the G-APDs, observations can be carried out during strong moon light without aging of the sensors. This improves the duty cycle of the instrument and provides better statistics for long-term light curves. The telescope, situated on the Canary Island of La Palma, is operated, already now, remotely from central Europe. For the future, robotic operation is planned. We report on our experiences during the commissioning, and we present first results from the first 1.5 years of observations.
Published: 2014
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3. FACT — LONGTERM MONITORING OF BRIGHT TeV BLAZARS

Author: Werner Lustermann, M. Zänglein, Julia Thaele, K. Meier, T. Krähenbühl, A. Paravac, M. L. Knoetig, M. Ribordy, Patrick Vogler, A.-K. Overkemping, T. Steinbring, R. Walter, Daniela Dorner, Thomas Bretz, J. Buss, Wolfgang Rhode, Fabian Temme, D. Neise, Q. Weitzel, D. Eisenacher, Karl Mannheim, Felicitas Pauss, Sabrina Einecke, D. Hildebrand, and Adrian Biland
Subjects: Physics, Moonlight, Telescope, law, lcsh:TA1-2040, General Engineering, Astronomy, Blazar, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Cherenkov radiation, Flare, law.invention
Abstract: The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT), located on the Canary Island of La Palma, has been taking data since October 2011. FACT has been optimized for longterm monitoring of bright TeV blazars, to study their variability time scales and flare probability. G-APD photo-sensors allow for observations even under strong moonlight conditions, and the telescope can be operated remotely. The monitoring strategy of FACT is discussed and preliminary results of the flare of Mrk501 in June 2012 are shown.
Published: 2014

4. MAGIC upper limits on the GRB 090102 afterglow

Author: M. Gaug, Elisa Bernardini, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, C. Delgado Mendez, Victor Stamatescu, T. Schweizer, A. De Angelis, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, D. Dominis Prester, Robert Wagner, L. A. Antonelli, Julian Sitarek, Saverio Lombardi, M. L. Knoetig, P. Antoranz, J. Hose, Natalia Lewandowska, T. Toyama, A. Sillanpää, Nikola Godinovic, Takashi Saito, P. Temnikov, Benito Marcote, Abelardo Moralejo, A. La Barbera, Fabrizio Tavecchio, M. V. Fonseca, A. Bouvier, J. Moldón, D. Garrido Terrats, Konstancja Satalecka, Ll. Font, Reiko Orito, Francisco Prada, W. Idec, Julia Thaele, Michele Doro, M. Palatiello, Dario Hrupec, Jelena Aleksić, M. A. Lopez, E. Colombo, P. Da Vela, V. Scalzotto, Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, A. Niedzwiecki, M. Doert, Damir Lelas, Fabio Zandanel, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, K. Frantzen, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, M. Uellenbeck, David Paneque, Francesco Dazzi, Patrick Vogler, Hiroyasu Tajima, I. Snidaric, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Ana Babić, Dorota Sobczyńska, G. De Caneva, U. Menzel, M. Salvati, Stefano Ansoldi, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, Riccardo Paoletti, Nina Nowak, Diego F. Torres, A. Herrero, Christian Fruck, S. Partini, M. Hayashida, Francesco Longo, E. Lorenz, S. Paiano, Kari Nilsson, Karl Mannheim, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, K. Berger, P. Munar-Adrover, I. Lozano, D. Hadasch, Giacomo Bonnoli, E. Prandini, J. M. Paredes, M. Garczarczyk, Antonio Stamerra, Silvia Preziuso, Marc Ribó, P. G. Prada Moroni, J. Kushida, Aldo Treves, Jose Luis Contreras, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Masahiro Teshima, O. Tibolla, Juan Cortina, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Tomislav Terzić, A. Hadamek, J. Storz, Ivica Puljak, Alicia López-Oramas, Pierre Colin, J. Becerra González, Emanuele Paolo Farina, S. Bonnefoy, Aaron Dominguez, Mario Meucci, R. Mirzoyan, D. Eisenacher, E. Carmona, Daniel Ferenc, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Felix Spanier, D. Nakajima, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Jose Miguel Miranda, F. Borracci, Wolfgang Rhode, Ignasi Reichardt, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, J. Rico, R. Reinthal, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Stefano Covino, S. Sun, Massimo Persic, A. Boller, L. Cossio, D. Tescaro, T. Krähenbühl, K. Saito, J. Masbou, M. I. Martínez, V. Kadenius, S. R. Gozzini, J. Rodriguez Garcia, Daniela Dorner, J., Aleksic, S., Ansoldi, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Babic, U. B., de Almeida, J. A., Barrio, J. B., Gonzalez, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, S., Bonnefoy, G., Bonnoli, F., Borracci, T., Bretz, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, D. C., Fidalgo, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, P., Da Vela, F., Dazzi, A., De Angeli, G., De Caneva, B., De Lotto, C. D., Mendez, M., Doert, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, E., Farina, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, K., Frantzen, C., Fruck, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, D. G., Terrat, M., Gaug, G., Giavitto, N., Godinovic, A. G., Munoz, S. R., Gozzini, A., Hadamek, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, W., Idec, V., Kadeniu, M. L., Knoetig, T., Krahenbuhl, J., Krause, J., Kushida, A. L., Barbera, D., Lela, N., Lewandowska, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, R., Lopez Coto, M., Lopez, A., Lopez Orama, E., Lorenz, I., Lozano, M., Makariev, K., Mallot, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, B., Marcote, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, J., Masbou, D., Mazin, U., Menzel, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldon, A., Moralejo, P., Munar Adrover, D., Nakajima, A., Niedzwiecki, K., Nilsson, N., Nowak, R., Orito, A., Overkemping, S., Paiano, M., Palatiello, D., Paneque, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Persic, F., Prada, P. G. P., Moroni, E., Prandini, S., Preziuso, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, J. R., Garcia, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T., Saito, M., Salvati, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, S. N., Shore, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, I., Snidaric, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, J., Storz, S., Sun, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, J., Thaele, O., Tibolla, D. F., Torre, T., Toyama, A., Treve, M., Uellenbeck, P., Vogler, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, A., Bouvier, M., Hayashida, H., Tajima, and Longo, Francesco
Subjects: Photon, General, Non-thermal - gamma-ray burst, Radiation mechanisms, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray burst: general, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, general [gamma-ray burst], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, ta115, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Afterglow, gamma-rays bursts: general, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma-ray burst, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Indications of a GeV component in the emission from GRBs are known since the EGRET observations during the 1990's and they have been confirmed by the data of the Fermi satellite. These results have, however, shown that our understanding of GRB physics is still unsatisfactory. The new generation of Cherenkov observatories and in particular the MAGIC telescope, allow for the first time the possibility to extend the measurement of GRBs from several tens up to hundreds of GeV energy range. Both leptonic and hadronic processes have been suggested to explain the possible GeV/TeV counterpart of GRBs. Observations with ground-based telescopes of very high energy photons (E>30 GeV) from these sources are going to play a key role in discriminating among the different proposed emission mechanisms, which are barely distinguishable at lower energies. MAGIC telescope observations of the GRB 090102 (z=1.547) field and Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data in the same time interval are analysed to derive upper limits of the GeV/TeV emission. We compare these results to the expected emissions evaluated for different processes in the framework of a relativistic blast wave model for the afterglow. Simultaneous upper limits with Fermi and a Cherenkov telescope have been derived for this GRB observation. The results we obtained are compatible with the expected emission although the difficulties in predicting the HE and VHE emission for the afterglow of this event makes it difficult to draw firmer conclusions. Nonetheless, MAGIC sensitivity in the energy range of overlap with space-based instruments (above about 40 GeV) is about one order of magnitude better with respect to Fermi. This makes evident the constraining power of ground-based observations and shows that the MAGIC telescope has reached the required performance to make possible GRB multiwavelength studies in the very high energy range., 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2014

5. FACT—The first Cherenkov telescope using a G-APD camera for TeV gamma-ray astronomy

Author: Q. Weitzel, Oliver Grimm, Karl Mannheim, M. Domke, K. Warda, Felicitas Pauss, T. Krähenbühl, E. Lorenz, Dieter Renker, D. Neise, Adrian Biland, S. Commichau, D. Hildebrand, Patrick Vogler, Thomas Bretz, U. Horisberger, V. Commichau, Ilana M. Braun, Ulf Roser, H. von Gunten, L. S. Stark, B. Krumm, J.-H. Köhne, Daniel Kranich, Wolfgang Rhode, A. Boller, M. Rissi, A. Gendotti, Werner Lustermann, J.-P. Stucki, O. Tibolla, G. Viertel, Daniela Dorner, M. Ribordy, H. Anderhub, and Michael Backes
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Astronomy, IACT, Gamma-ray astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, Telescope, Crab Nebula, Optics, law, business, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiodes (G-APD) bear the potential to significantly improve the sensitivity of Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT). We are currently building the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) by refurbishing an old IACT with a mirror area of 9.5 square meters and are constructing a new, fine-pixelized camera using novel G-APDs. The main goal is to evaluate the performance of a complete system by observing very high energy gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula. This is an important field test to check the feasibility of G-APD-based cameras to replace at some time the PMT-based cameras of planned future IACTs like AGE and CTA. In this article, we present the basic design of such a camera as well as some important details. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2011

6. Detection of VHE γ-rays from HESS J0632+057 during the 2011 February X-ray outburst with the MAGIC Telescopes

Author: The MAGIC Collaboration, J. Aleksić(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), E. A. Alvarez(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), L. A. Antonelli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Antoranz(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), M. Asensio(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Backes(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), U. Barres de Almeida(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. A. Barrio(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), D. Bastieri(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), J. Becerra González(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), W. Bednarek(University of Łódź, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Berger(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), E. Bernardini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Biland(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), O. Blanch(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), R. K. Bock(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Boller(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), G. Bonnoli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Borla Tridon(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), V. Bosch-Ramon(Universitat de Barcelona), T. Bretz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), A. Cañellas(Universitat de Barcelona), E. Carmona(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Carosi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Colin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), E. Colombo(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), J. L. Contreras(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Cortina(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), L. Cossio(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), S. Covino(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Da Vela(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), F. Dazzi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), A. De Angelis(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), G. De Caneva(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), E. De Cea del Pozo(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), B. De Lotto(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), C. Delgado Mendez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), A. Diago Ortega(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Doert(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), A. Domínguez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), D. Dominis Prester(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Dorner(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), M. Doro(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), D. Eisenacher(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. Elsaesser(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. Ferenc(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), M. V. Fonseca(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), L. Font(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), C. Fruck(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. J. García López(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Garczarczyk(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), D. Garrido Terrats(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), G. Giavitto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), N. Godinović(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), A. González Muñoz(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. R. Gozzini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), D. Hadasch(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), D. Häfner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Herrero(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), D. Hildebrand(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Hose(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), D. Hrupec(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), B. Huber(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), F. Jankowski(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), T. Jogler(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), V. Kadenius(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), H. Kellermann(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Klepser(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), T. Krähenbühl(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Krause(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. La Barbera(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Lelas(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), E. Leonardo(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), N. Lewandowska(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Lindfors(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), S. Lombardi(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. López(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), R. López-Coto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. López-Oramas(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), E. Lorenz(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. Makariev(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), G. Maneva(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), N. Mankuzhiyil(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), K. Mannheim(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), L. Maraschi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), M. Mariotti(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Martínez(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), D. Mazin(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), M. Meucci(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Miranda(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), R. Mirzoyan(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Moldón(Universitat de Barcelona), A. Moralejo(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), P. Munar-Adrover(Universitat de Barcelona), A. Niedzwiecki(University of Łódź, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), D. Nieto(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), K. Nilsson(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), N. Nowak(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. Orito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), S. Paiano(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), D. Paneque(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. Paoletti(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), S. Pardo(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. M. Paredes(Universitat de Barcelona), S. Partini(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), M. A. Perez-Torres(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), M. Persic(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), M. Pilia(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), J. Pochon(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), F. Prada(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), P. G. Prada Moroni(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), E. Prandini(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), I. Puerto Gimenez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), I. Puljak(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), I. Reichardt(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), R. Reinthal(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), W. Rhode(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), M. Ribó(Universitat de Barcelona), J. Rico(ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain)), S. Rügamer(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), A. Saggion(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), K. Saito(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Y. Saito(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. Salvati(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), K. Satalecka(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), V. Scalzotto(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), V. Scapin(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), C. Schultz(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), T. Schweizer(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. N. Shore(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), A. Sillanpää(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), J. Sitarek(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), I. Snidaric(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Sobczynska(University of Łódź, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), F. Spanier(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), S. Spiro(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), V. Stamatescu(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. Stamerra(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), B. Steinke(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Storz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), N. Strah(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), S. Sun(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Surić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), L. Takalo(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland), H. Takami(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), F. Tavecchio(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Temnikov(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), T. Terzić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Tescaro(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Teshima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), O. Tibolla(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. F. Torres(ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain)), A. Treves(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), M. Uellenbeck(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), P. Vogler(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), R. M. Wagner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), Q. Weitzel(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), V. Zabalza(Universitat de Barcelona), F. Zandanel(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), R. Zanin(Universitat de Barcelona), now at(EPFL), (EPFL), Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL), Lausanne(EPFL), Switzerland(CIEMAT), supported by INFN Padova(CIEMAT), now at(CIEMAT), (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas(CIEMAT), Medioambientales y Tecnológicas(CIEMAT), Madrid(FINCA), Spain(FINCA), now at(FINCA), (FINCA), KIPAC(FINCA), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(FINCA), USA(FINCA), Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO(FINCA), University of Turku(), and Finland)()
Subjects: High energy, Be star, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, binaries: general, gamma rays: general, stars: individual (MWC 148), X-rays: binaries, X-rays: individual (HESS J0632+057), Astrophysics, Compact star, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, Raigs gamma, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Estels binaris de raigs X, Physics, astro-ph.HE, COUNTERPART, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, X-ray, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, TEV BINARY, EMISSION, DISCOVERY, VARIABILITY, X-ray binaries, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The very high energy (VHE) \gamma-ray source HESS J0632+057 has recently been confirmed to be a \gamma-ray binary. The optical counterpart is the Be star MWC 148, and a compact object of unknown nature orbits it every ~321 d with a high eccentricity of ~0.8. We monitored HESS J0632+057 with the stereoscopic MAGIC telescopes from 2010 October to 2011 March and detected significant VHE \gamma-ray emission during 2011 February, when the system exhibited an X-ray outburst. We find no \gamma-ray signal in the other observation periods when the system did not show increased X-ray flux. Thus HESS J0632+057 exhibits \gamma-ray variability on timescales of the order of one to two months possibly linked to the X-ray outburst that takes place about 100 days after the periastron passage. Furthermore our measurements provide for the first time the \gamma-ray spectrum down to about 140 GeV and indicate no turnover of the spectrum at low energies. We compare the properties of HESS J0632+057 with the similar \gamma-ray binary LS I +61 303, and discuss on the possible origin of the multi-wavelength emission of the source, Comment: 6 pages and 3 figures, submitted, corresponding authors T. Jogler and P. Munar-Adrover
Published: 2015

7. Very high energy gamma-ray observation of the peculiar transient event Swift J1644+57 with the MAGIC telescopes and AGILE

Author: Abelardo Moralejo, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, T. Krähenbühl, L. A. Antonelli, K. Berger, E. Colombo, S. Bonnefoy, Giacomo Bonnoli, R. Mirzoyan, D. Eisenacher, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Fabio Zandanel, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Nina Nowak, Natalia Lewandowska, Mosè Mariotti, M. Doert, Michael Backes, M. Asensio, Takashi Saito, Juan Abel Barrio, K. Mallot, Fabrizio Tavecchio, R. J. García López, Saverio Lombardi, D. Borla Tridon, Ll. Font, F. Jankowski, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Reiko Orito, S. Partini, Francesco Longo, Julian Sitarek, Kari Nilsson, M. Salvati, R. Reinthal, J. Hose, Dominik Elsaesser, A. Sillanpää, Steven N. Shore, A. La Barbera, Emanuele Paolo Farina, U. Barres de Almeida, Dario Hrupec, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Daniela Hadasch, Felix Spanier, P. G. Prada Moroni, J. Moldón, Christian Fruck, T. Toyama, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, W. Idec, Damir Lelas, Patrick Vogler, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Garrido Terrats, Ignasi Reichardt, O. Tibolla, V. Scalzotto, C. Pittori, M. L. Knoetig, Tomislav Terzić, M. Palatiello, Massimo Persic, J. Krause, Dorota Sobczyńska, B. De Lotto, M. A. Lopez, Hajime Takami, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Riccardo Paoletti, I. Snidaric, Marc Ribó, D. Dominis Prester, Aaron Dominguez, M. V. Fonseca, G. Maneva, Fabrizio Lucarelli, Francesco Dazzi, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, J. Kushida, G. De Caneva, S. Klepser, E. Prandini, Jose Luis Contreras, Francisco Prada, Juan Cortina, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, A. De Angelis, Victor Stamatescu, Aldo Treves, J. Rico, Thomas Bretz, B. Steinke, J. Masbou, A. Hadamek, J. Storz, Diego F. Torres, M. I. Martínez, Wolfgang Rhode, J. Becerra González, P. Da Vela, A. Boller, L. Cossio, Daniel Ferenc, Mario Meucci, Artemio Herrero, K. Saito, F. Verrecchia, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, Daniela Dorner, M. Gaug, Elisa Bernardini, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, D. Nakajima, Jose Miguel Miranda, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, Konstancja Satalecka, P. Temnikov, Michele Doro, Shan Sun, Jelena Aleksić, A. Niedzwiecki, David Paneque, Stefano Covino, T. Schweizer, I. Lozano, D. Tescaro, Masahiro Teshima, Robert Wagner, M. Uellenbeck, P. Antoranz, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, J., Aleksić, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Asensio, M., Backe, U., Barres de Almeida, J. A., Barrio, J., Becerra González, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, S., Bonnefoy, G., Bonnoli, D., Borla Tridon, T., Bretz, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, D., Carreto Fidalgo, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, P., Da Vela, F., Dazzi, A., De Angeli, G., De Caneva, B., De Lotto, C., Delgado Mendez, M., Doert, A., Domínguez, D., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, E., Farina, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, C., Fruck, R. J., García López, M., Garczarczyk, D., Garrido Terrat, M., Gaug, G., Giavitto, N., Godinović, A., González Muñoz, S. R., Gozzini, A., Hadamek, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, W., Idec, F., Jankowski, V., Kadeniu, S., Klepser, M. L., Knoetig, T., Krähenbühl, J., Krause, J., Kushida, A., La Barbera, D., Lela, N., Lewandowska, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, M., López, R., López Coto, A., López Orama, E., Lorenz, I., Lozano, M., Makariev, K., Mallot, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, B., Marcote, M., Mariotti, M., Martínez, J., Masbou, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldón, A., Moralejo, P., Munar Adrover, D., Nakajima, A., Niedzwiecki, K., Nilsson, N., Nowak, R., Orito, S., Paiano, M., Palatiello, D., Paneque, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Persic, F., Prada, P. G., Prada Moroni, E., Prandini, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribó, J., Rico, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, S. N., Shore, A., Sillanpää, J., Sitarek, I., Snidaric, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J., Storz, S., Sun, T., Surić, L., Takalo, H., Takami, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzić, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, O., Tibolla, D. F., Torre, T., Toyama, A., Treve, M., Uellenbeck, P., Vogler, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, Longo, Francesco, F., Lucarelli, C., Pittori, and F., Verrecchia
Subjects: Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, active [Galaxies], Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, TIDAL DISRUPTION, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, galaxies: active, Gamma rays: general, general [Gamma rays], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Tidal disruption event, NEARBY, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Zenith, Physics, gamma rays: general, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], STAR, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Física, MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE, GALAXIES, BLAZARS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Gamma-ray burst, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 552(A112 ), 1-6 (2013). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321197, Context. On March 28, 2011, the BAT instrument on board the Swift satellite detected a new transient event that in the very beginning was classified as a gamma ray burst (GRB). However, the unusual X-ray flaring activity observed from a few hours up to days after the onset of the event made a different nature seem to be more likely. The long-lasting activity in the X-ray band, followed by a delayed brightening of the source in infrared and radio activity, suggested that it is better interpreted as a tidal disruption event that triggered a dormant black hole in the nucleus of the host galaxy and generated an outflowing jet of relativistic matter. Aims. Detecting a very high energy emission component from such a peculiar object would be enable us to constrain the dynamic of the emission processes and the jet model by providing information on the Doppler factor of the relativistic ejecta. Methods. The MAGIC telescopes observed the peculiar source Swift J1644+57 during the flaring phase, searching for gamma-ray emission at very-high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV), starting observations nearly 2.5 days after the trigger time. MAGIC collected a total of 28 h of dataduring 12 nights. The source was observed in wobble mode during dark time at a mean zenith angle of 35◦. Data were reduced using a new image-cleaning algorithm, the so-called sum-cleaning, which guarantees a better noise suppression and a lower energy threshold than the standard analysis procedure. Results. No clear evidence for emission above the energy threshold of 100 GeV was found. MAGIC observations permit one to constrain theemission from the source down to 100 GeV, which favors models that explain the observed lower energy variable emission. Data analysis of simultaneous observations from AGILE, Fermi and VERITAS also provide negative detection, which additionally constrain the self-Compton emission component., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2013

8. The simultaneous low state spectral energy distribution of 1ES 2344+514 from radio to very high energies

Author: MAGIC Collaboration, J. Aleksić(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), L. A. Antonelli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), P. Antoranz(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), M. Asensio(Universidad Complutense, Spain), M. Backes(Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany), U. Barres de Almeida(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), J. A. Barrio(Universidad Complutense, Spain), W. Bednarek(University of Łódź, Poland), K. Berger(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), E. Bernardini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Biland(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), O. Blanch(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), R. K. Bock(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), A. Boller(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), S. Bonnefoy(Universidad Complutense, Spain), G. Bonnoli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), D. Borla Tridon(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), T. Bretz(Universität Würzburg, Germany), E. Carmona(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Spain), A. Carosi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), D. Carreto Fidalgo(Universität Würzburg, Germany), P. Colin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), E. Colombo(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), J. L. Contreras(Universidad Complutense, Spain), J. Cortina(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), L. Cossio(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), S. Covino(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), P. Da Vela(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), F. Dazzi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), A. De Angelis(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), G. De Caneva(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), B. De Lotto(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), C. Delgado Mendez(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Spain), M. Doert(Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany), A. Domínguez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), D. Dominis Prester(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), D. Dorner(Universität Würzburg, Germany), M. Doro(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain), D. Eisenacher(Universität Würzburg, Germany), D. Elsaesser(Universität Würzburg, Germany), D. Ferenc(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), M. V. Fonseca(Universidad Complutense, Spain), L. Font(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain), C. Fruck(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), R. J. García López(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), M. Garczarczyk(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), D. Garrido Terrats(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain), M. Gaug(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain), G. Giavitto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), N. Godinović(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), A. González Muñoz(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), S. R. Gozzini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Hadamek(Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany), D. Hadasch(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), A. Herrero(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), J. Hose(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), D. Hrupec(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), F. Jankowski(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), V. Kadenius(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), S. Klepser(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), M. L. Knoetig(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), T. Krähenbühl(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), J. Krause(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), J. Kushida(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. La Barbera(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), D. Lelas(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), E. Leonardo(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), N. Lewandowska(Universität Würzburg, Germany), E. Lindfors(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), S. Lombardi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), M. López(Universidad Complutense, Spain), R. López-Coto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), A. López-Oramas(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), E. Lorenz(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), I. Lozano(Universidad Complutense, Spain), M. Makariev(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria), K. Mallot(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), G. Maneva(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria), N. Mankuzhiyil(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), K. Mannheim(Universität Würzburg, Germany), L. Maraschi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), B. Marcote(Universitat de Barcelona), M. Mariotti(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), M. Martínez(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), J. Masbou(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), D. Mazin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), M. Meucci(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), J. M. Miranda(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), R. Mirzoyan(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), J. Moldón(Universitat de Barcelona), A. Moralejo(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), P. Munar-Adrover(Universitat de Barcelona), D. Nakajima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), A. Niedzwiecki(University of Łódź, Poland), D. Nieto(Universidad Complutense, Spain), K. Nilsson(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), N. Nowak(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), R. Orito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), S. Paiano(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), M. Palatiello(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), D. Paneque(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), R. Paoletti(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), J. M. Paredes(Universitat de Barcelona), S. Partini(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), M. Persic(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, Italy), M. Pilia(Università dell'Insubria, Como, Italy), F. Prada(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), P. G. Prada Moroni(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, Italy), E. Prandini(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), I. Puljak(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), I. Reichardt(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), R. Reinthal(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), W. Rhode(Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany), M. Ribó(Universitat de Barcelona), J. Rico(ICREA, Barcelona, Spain), S. Rügamer(Universität Würzburg, Germany), A. Saggion(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), K. Saito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), T. Y. Saito(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), M. Salvati(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), K. Satalecka(Universidad Complutense, Spain), V. Scalzotto(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), V. Scapin(Universidad Complutense, Spain), C. Schultz(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), T. Schweizer(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), S. N. Shore(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, Italy), A. Sillanpää(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), J. Sitarek(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), I. Snidaric(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), D. Sobczynska(University of Łódź, Poland), F. Spanier(Universität Würzburg, Germany), S. Spiro(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), V. Stamatescu(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, Spain), A. Stamerra(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, Italy), B. Steinke(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), J. Storz(Universität Würzburg, Germany), S. Sun(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), T. Surić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), L. Takalo(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), H. Takami(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), F. Tavecchio(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, Italy), P. Temnikov(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria), T. Terzić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, Croatia), D. Tescaro(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain), M. Teshima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), O. Tibolla(Universität Würzburg, Germany), D. F. Torres(ICREA, Barcelona, Spain), T. Toyama(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), A. Treves(Università dell'Insubria, Como, Italy), M. Uellenbeck(Technische Universität Dortmund, Germany), P. Vogler(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), R. M. Wagner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München, Germany), Q. Weitzel(ETH Zurich, Switzerland), F. Zandanel(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), R. Zanin(Universitat de Barcelona), The MAGIC Collaboration(Università di Trieste, and INFN Trieste, Italy), F. Longo(Università di Trieste, and INFN Trieste, Italy), F. Lucarelli(Agenzia Spaziale Italiana), C. Pittori(Agenzia Spaziale Italiana), S. Vercellone(INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Italy), for the AGILE team(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), D. Bastieri(Università di Padova and INFN Padova, Italy), C. Sbarra(INFN Padova, Italy), for the Fermi-LAT Collaboration(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), E. Angelakis(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), L. Fuhrmann(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), I. Nestoras(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), T. P. Krichbaum(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), A. Sievers(Instituto de Radio Astronoma Milimétrica, Spain), J. A. Zensus(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany), for the F-GAMMA program(Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Ukraine), K. A. Antonyuk(Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Ukraine), W. Baumgartner(Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA), A. Berduygin(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), M. Carini(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Western Kentucky University, USA), K. Cook(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Western Kentucky University, USA), N. Gehrels(Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA), M. Kadler(Universität Würzburg, Germany), Yu. A. Kovalev(Astro Space Center of Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997 Moscow, Russia), Y. Y. Kovalev(Astro Space Center of Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997 Moscow, Russia), F. Krauss(Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany), H. A. Krimm(Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD 21044, USA), A. Lähteenmäki(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Finland), M. L. Lister(Department of Physics, Purdue University, USA), W. Max-Moerbeck(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, USA), M. Pasanen(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), A. B. Pushkarev(Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Russia), A. C. S. Readhead(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, USA), J. L. Richards(Department of Physics, Purdue University, USA), J. Sainio(Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku, Finland), D. N. Shakhovskoy(Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Ukraine), K. V. Sokolovsky(Astro Space Center of Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997 Moscow, Russia), M. Tornikoski(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Finland), J. Tueller(Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA), M. Weidinger(Theoretische Physik IV, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany), J. Wilms(Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany), Anne Lähteenmäki Group, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universitat de València (UV), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), IEEC-CSIC, Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P), Instituto de Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, UNAM, Institute for Physical Research (IPR), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] (NAS RA), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF-Cagliari Astronomical Observatory, Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC (IFT), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Dept. of Physics, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Kao Group, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Optoelectronic Research Centre, University of Southampton, Department of Chemistry, Oulu, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Palermo (IASF-Pa), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Meudon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Bath [Bath], Waves and Solitons LLC, 918 W. Windsong Dr., Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), J., Aleksić, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Asensio, M., Backe, U., Barres de Almeida, J. A., Barrio, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, S., Bonnefoy, G., Bonnoli, D., Borla Tridon, T., Bretz, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, D., Carreto Fidalgo, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, P., Da Vela, F., Dazzi, A., De Angeli, G., De Caneva, B., De Lotto, C., Delgado Mendez, M., Doert, A., Domínguez, D., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, C., Fruck, R. J., García López, M., Garczarczyk, D., Garrido Terrat, M., Gaug, G., Giavitto, N., Godinović, A., González Muñoz, S. R., Gozzini, A., Hadamek, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, F., Jankowski, V., Kadeniu, S., Klepser, M. L., Knoetig, T., Krähenbühl, J., Krause, J., Kushida, A., La Barbera, D., Lela, E., Leonardo, N., Lewandowska, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, M., López, R., López Coto, A., López Orama, E., Lorenz, I., Lozano, M., Makariev, K., Mallot, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, B., Marcote, M., Mariotti, M., Martínez, J., Masbou, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldón, A., Moralejo, P., Munar Adrover, D., Nakajima, A., Niedzwiecki, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, N., Nowak, R., Orito, S., Paiano, M., Palatiello, D., Paneque, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Persic, M., Pilia, F., Prada, P. G., Prada Moroni, E., Prandini, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribó, J., Rico, S., Rügamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, S. N., Shore, A., Sillanpää, J., Sitarek, I., Snidaric, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J., Storz, S., Sun, T., Surić, L., Takalo, H., Takami, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzić, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, O., Tibolla, D. F., Torre, T., Toyama, A., Treve, M., Uellenbeck, P., Vogler, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, Longo, Francesco, F., Lucarelli, C., Pittori, S., Vercellone, D., Bastieri, C., Sbarra, E., Angelaki, L., Fuhrmann, I., Nestora, T. P., Krichbaum, A., Siever, J. A., Zensu, K. A., Antonyuk, W., Baumgartner, A., Berduygin, M., Carini, K., Cook, N., Gehrel, M., Kadler, Kovalev, Y. u. A., Y. Y., Kovalev, F., Krau, H. A., Krimm, A., Lähteenmäki, M. L., Lister, W., Max Moerbeck, M., Pasanen, A. B., Pushkarev, A. C. S., Readhead, J. L., Richard, J., Sainio, D. N., Shakhovskoy, K. V., Sokolovsky, M., Tornikoski, J., Tueller, M., Weidinger, J., Wilms, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' = University of Naples (PARTHENOPE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universitat de València (UV), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, The Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), 7990-AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), INAF-OAB, and DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Meudon]
Subjects: galaxies [Gamma rays], Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, law.invention, law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 2344+514, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, galaxies: active, BL Lacerae objects: individual: 1ES 2344+514, gamma rays: galaxies, X-rays: individuals: 1ES 2344+514, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS, SELF-COMPTON MODEL, X-RAY, LAC OBJECTS, RELATIVISTIC JETS, MARKARIAN 501, Gamma ray, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], active [galaxies], astro-ph.CO, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, galaxie [gamma rays], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, individual: 1ES 2344+514 [BL Lacertae objects], [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], galaxies [gamma-rays], Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, individuals: 1ES 2344+514 [X-rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: Astronomy and Astrophysics 556 (2013): A67 reproduced with permission from Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context. BL Lacertae objects are variable at all energy bands on time scales down to minutes. To construct and interpret their spectral energy distribution (SED), simultaneous broad-band observations are mandatory. Up to now, the number of objects studied during such campaigns is very limited and biased towards high flux states. Aims.We present the results of a dedicated multi-wavelength study of the high-frequency peaked BL Lacertae (HBL) object and known TeV emitter 1ES 2344+514 by means of a pre-organised campaign. Methods.The observations were conducted during simultaneous visibility windows of MAGIC and AGILE in late 2008. The measurements were complemented by Metsähovi, RATAN-600, KVA+Tuorla, Swift and VLBA pointings. Additional coverage was provided by the ongoing long-term F-GAMMA and MOJAVE programs, the OVRO 40-m and CrAO telescopes as well as the Fermi satellite. The obtained SEDs are modelled using a one-zone as well as a self-consistent two-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. Results. 1ES 2344+514 was found at very low flux states in both X-rays and very high energy gamma rays. Variability was detected in the low frequency radio and X-ray bands only, where for the latter a small flare was observed. The X-ray flare was possibly caused by shock acceleration characterised by similar cooling and acceleration time scales. MOJAVE VLBA monitoring reveals a static jet whose components are stable over time scales of eleven years, contrary to previous findings. There appears to be no significant correlation between the 15 GHz and R-band monitoring light curves. The observations presented here constitute the first multi-wavelength campaign on 1ES 2344+514 from radio to VHE energies and one of the few simultaneous SEDs during low activity states. The quasi-simultaneous Fermi-LAT data poses some challenges for SED modelling, but in general the SEDs are described well by both applied models. The resulting parameters are typical for TeV emitting HBLs. Consequently it remains unclear whether a so-called quiescent state was found in this campaign, The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, and by the Polish MNiSzW grant 745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0. The AGILE Mission is funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), with scientific and programmatic participation by the Italian Institute of Astrophysics (INAF) and the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). Research partially supported through the ASI grants no. I/089/06/2 and I/042/10/0. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A.Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged
Published: 2013

9. Results of the prototype camera for FACT

Author: M. Rissi, D. Neise, Q. Weitzel, Karl Mannheim, A. Boller, M. Ribordy, E. Lorenz, J.-P. Stucki, Oliver Grimm, H. Anderhub, V. Commichau, H. von Gunten, Michael Backes, Werner Lustermann, T. Krähenbühl, G. Viertel, Daniel Kranich, Ilana M. Braun, Daniela Dorner, Thomas Bretz, Felicitas Pauss, Patrick Vogler, Wolfgang Rhode, O. Tibolla, Dieter Renker, U. Horisberger, D. Hildebrand, Ulf Roser, A. Gendotti, Adrian Biland, S. Commichau, L. S. Stark, and J.-H. Köhne
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Photon, Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiode, business.industry, Gamma-ray astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, Avalanche Photodiodes, Particle detector, Photodiode, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Cherenkov telescope, law, business, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, Computer hardware, Gamma-ray Astronomy
Abstract: The maximization of the photon detection efficiency (PDE) is a key issue in the development of cameras for Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiodes (G-APD) are a promising candidate to replace the commonly used photomultiplier tubes by offering a larger POE and in addition a facilitated handling. The FACT (First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope) project evaluates the feasibility of this change by building a camera based on 1440 G-APDs for an existing small telescope. As a first step towards a full camera, a prototype module using 144 G-APDs was successfully built and tested. The strong temperature dependence of G-APDs is compensated using a feedback system, which allows to keep the gain of the G-APDs constant to 0.5%. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2011

10. Calibration and performance of the photon sensor response of FACT -- The First G-APD Cherenkov telescope

Author: A Biland, T Bretz, J Buß, V Commichau, L Djambazov, D Dorner, S Einecke, D Eisenacher, J Freiwald, O Grimm, H von Gunten, C Haller, C Hempfling, D Hildebrand, G Hughes, U Horisberger, M L Knoetig, T Krähenbühl, W Lustermann, E Lyard, K Mannheim, K Meier, S Mueller, D Neise, A -K Overkemping, A Paravac, F Pauss, W Rhode, U Röser, J -P Stucki, T Steinbring, F Temme, J Thaele, P Vogler, R Walter, and Q Weitzel
Subjects: Photon, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, APDS, Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma telescopes, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Cherenkov detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state)(PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc), Gamma detectors, Optics, law, Calibration, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, chemistry, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) is the first in-operation test of the performance of silicon photo detectors in Cherenkov Astronomy. For more than two years it is operated on La Palma, Canary Islands (Spain), for the purpose of long-term monitoring of astrophysical sources. For this, the performance of the photo detectors is crucial and therefore has been studied in great detail. Special care has been taken for their temperature and voltage dependence implementing a correction method to keep their properties stable. Several measurements have been carried out to monitor the performance. The measurements and their results are shown, demonstrating the stability of the gain below the percent level. The resulting stability of the whole system is discussed, nicely demonstrating that silicon photo detectors are perfectly suited for the usage in Cherenkov telescopes, especially for long-term monitoring purpose., Journal of Instrumentation, 9 (10), ISSN:1748-0221
Published: 2014

11. Discovery of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the blazar 1ES 1727+502 with the MAGIC Telescopes

Author: Nina Nowak, Abelardo Moralejo, D. Häfner, L. A. Antonelli, W. Idec, J. Masbou, M. I. Martínez, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, M. Salvati, Dario Hrupec, Thomas Bretz, V. Kadenius, S. Rügamer, Mosè Mariotti, Marc Ribó, M. A. Lopez, Fabrizio Tavecchio, S. N. Shore, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, Dominik Elsaesser, U. Barres de Almeida, S. Bonnefoy, K. Berger, Ll. Font, A. Hadamek, M. Doert, Emanuele Paolo Farina, Aaron Dominguez, J. Storz, G. De Caneva, Damir Lelas, R. Mirzoyan, Michael Backes, A. De Angelis, Christian Fruck, D. Eisenacher, J. Becerra González, Saverio Lombardi, T. Krähenbühl, M. L. Knoetig, Ignasi Reichardt, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Carmona, I. Snidaric, Markus Garczarczyk, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, P. Munar-Adrover, Wolfgang Rhode, O. Tibolla, Dorota Sobczyńska, Kari Nilsson, M. V. Fonseca, Mario Meucci, Felix Spanier, M. Palatiello, E. Colombo, G. Maneva, Daniel Ferenc, A. Boller, L. Cossio, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Ralph Bock, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Adrian Biland, Francesco Dazzi, L. O. Takalo, B. Steinke, Riccardo Paoletti, S. Partini, D. Dominis Prester, Artemio Herrero, J. Rico, K. Saito, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, Tomislav Terzić, J. Moldón, Francisco Prada, Juan Cortina, Hajime Takami, Ivica Puljak, Massimo Persic, Pierre Colin, R. Reinthal, Giacomo Bonnoli, Patrick Vogler, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Martin Makariev, M. Asensio, Oscar Blanch, D. Garrido Terrats, A. Sillanpää, V. Scalzotto, Takashi Saito, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Reiko Orito, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, D. Carreto Fidalgo, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, S. Klepser, S. Paiano, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, Karl Mannheim, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, Daniela Dorner, M. Gaug, Diego F. Torres, Elisa Bernardini, Natalia Lewandowska, F. Jankowski, F. Borracci, A. La Barbera, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, D. Nakajima, Jose Miguel Miranda, P. Antoranz, L. Maraschi, M. Uellenbeck, Elina Lindfors, Konstancja Satalecka, Daniel Mazin, Michele Doro, P. Temnikov, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, Jelena Aleksić, I. Lozano, D. Hadasch, Masahiro Teshima, A. Niedzwiecki, T. Schweizer, Stefano Covino, David Paneque, D. Tescaro, Robert Wagner, Victor Stamatescu, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, T. Toyama, P. Da Vela, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, Raigs gamma, law, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), Nucli galàctic actiu, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, BL Lac objects: individual(1ES 1727+502), galaxies: active, gamma rays, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Active galactic nuclei, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxies, Galàxies, Crab Nebula, 13. Climate action, ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object, Telescopes
Abstract: Motivated by the Costamante & Ghisellini (2002) predictions we investigated if the blazar 1ES 1727+502 (z=0.055) is emitting very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma rays. We observed the BL Lac object 1ES 1727+502 in stereoscopic mode with the two MAGIC telescopes during 14 nights between May 6th and June 10th 2011, for a total effective observing time of 12.6 hours. For the study of the multiwavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) we use simultaneous optical R-band data from the KVA telescope, archival UV/optical and X-ray observations by instruments UVOT and XRT on board of the Swift satellite and high energy (HE, 0.1 GeV - 100 GeV) gamma-ray data from the Fermi-LAT instrument. We detect, for the first time, VHE gamma-ray emission from 1ES 1727+502 at a statistical significance of 5.5 sigma. The integral flux above 150 GeV is estimated to be (2.1\pm0.4)% of the Crab Nebula flux and the de-absorbed VHE spectrum has a photon index of (2.7\pm0.5). No significant short-term variability was found in any of the wavebands presented here. We model the SED using a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model obtaining parameters typical for this class of sources., 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to A&A
Published: 2014

12. FACT -- The G-APD revolution in Cherenkov astronomy

Author: Fabian Temme, U. Horisberger, S. Muller, C. Haller, H. Anderhub, Michael Backes, A. Gendotti, K.-S. Kim, Etienne Lyard, Adrian Biland, Ulf Roser, Felicitas Pauss, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, A.-K. Overkemping, Ilana M. Braun, V. Boccone, Oliver Grimm, K. Meier, Aleksander Paravac, D. Neise, M. L. Knoetig, M. Lee, Daniela Dorner, Sabrina Einecke, M. Meharga, S. Tobler, Jens Buss, K. Warda, J.-H. Köhne, Dieter Renker, R. Walter, Franck Cadoux, M. Ribordy, J. Schneider, D. Hildebrand, G. Viertel, Teresa Montaruli, M. Zänglein, L. Djambazov, J.-P. Stucki, Julia Thaele, Q. Weitzel, Karl Mannheim, T. Krähenbühl, Christina Hempfling, E. Lorenz, Patrick Vogler, T. Steinbring, B. Huber, V. Commichau, H. von Gunten, Thomas Bretz, B. Krumm, Wolfgang Rhode, Werner Lustermann, and D. Eisenacher
Subjects: Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), law.invention, Telescope, law, Resistor, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Blazar, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Voltage, Diode
Abstract: Since two years, the FACT telescope is operating on the Canary Island of La Palma. Apart from its purpose to serve as a monitoring facility for the brightest TeV blazars, it was built as a major step to establish solid state photon counters as detectors in Cherenkov astronomy. The camera of the First G-APD Cherenkov Telesope comprises 1440 Geiger-mode avalanche photo diodes (G-APD), equipped with solid light guides to increase the effective light collection area of each sensor. Since no sense-line is available, a special challenge is to keep the applied voltage stable although the current drawn by the G-APD depends on the flux of night-sky background photons significantly varying with ambient light conditions. Methods have been developed to keep the temperature and voltage dependent response of the G-APDs stable during operation. As a cross-check, dark count spectra with high statistics have been taken under different environmental conditions. In this presentation, the project, the developed methods and the experience from two years of operation of the first G-APD based camera in Cherenkov astronomy under changing environmental conditions will be presented., Comment: Proceedings of the Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (IEEE-NSS/MIC), 2013
Published: 2014
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13. Introducing the CTA concept

Author: A. Mathieu, R. G. Wagner, K. Panagiotidis, S Rosier Lees, Julien Rousselle, M. Gómez Berisso, Michela Uslenghi, Stephen Maxfield, R. C. Shellard, Ivica Puljak, T. Le Flour, Thomas Schanz, Tobias C. Walther, Juanan Aguilar, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, N. Fouque, Mosè Mariotti, G. Fontaine, Merja Tornikoski, V. Diez-Blanco, Enrico Giro, A. Krepps, G. Koss, J. M. Martin, Sergio Billotta, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Keitaro Takahashi, S. Buson, P. Brook, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, Joseph Silk, Sera Markoff, P. Lubinski, U. Schwanke, Sauvik Bhattacharyya, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, C. Zurbach, H. Wetteskind, R. Hermel, J. Darling, J. Nicolau-Kukliński, Konstancja Satalecka, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, P. Conconi, S. Bajtlik, Lukasz Stawarz, J. M. Paredes, K. Reitberger, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, David Kieda, G. Pareschi, Shigeto Kabuki, Makoto Sawada, Antonio Stamerra, Rodolfo Canestrari, N. Baby, G. Crimi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, R. Zanin, I. K. Kominis, L. Mc Comb, R. Sternberger, M. Fesquet, M. Tokarz, David Fink, Daniela Dorner, N. Hamer Heras, A. Moralejo Olaizola, M. de Naurois, Diego F. Torres, Claes Fransson, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, L. Fresnillo, B. García, R. Kossakowski, A. Masserot, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Saggion, G. Papyan, I. Mrusek, K. Farakos, J. Michałowski, A. Franckowiak, Fernando Martinez, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Michele Doro, L. Sapozhnikov, Claudia Lavalley, D. Thuermann, A.A. Zdziarski, Cristina Knapic, Karen Byrum, N. Neyroud, Petr Schovanek, W. Domainko, D. Kastana, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, F. Sánchez, Alexandre Marcowith, M. Errando, R. L. C. Starling, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, B. B. Singh, Yassir Moudden, Jelena Aleksić, C. L. Naumann, V. Waegebaert, M. Shayduk, U. F. Katz, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, O. Reimann, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vincenzo Testa, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, J. Schäfer, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wawer, L. Nellen, F. Mirabel, Tatsuo Yoshida, P. H. Carton, Nina Nowak, L. Platos, Riccardo Rando, P. P. Krueger, R. Wischnewski, W. Romaszkan, E. Fede, Martino Marisaldi, Markus Gaug, Richard Willingale, J. H. Buckley, U. De AlmeidaBarres, J. Knapp, Saverio Lombardi, D. della Volpe, A. Herrero, A. Bottani, E. Delagnes, Martin J. Hardcastle, C. Morello, Anna Lipniacka, T. Greenshaw, M. Renaud, Giancarlo Cusumano, Jonathan Biteau, M. Sowiński, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, T. B. Humensky, Michael G. Richer, G. Parks, G. Grasseau, H. Baba, Gino Tosti, Damir Lelas, H. Krawzcynski, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, R. Dickherber, P. Ferrando, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, Hideaki Katagiri, T. Shibata, Fuyuki Tokanai, N. A. McCubbin, J. Gomez-Ortega, D. Nakajima, A. Liolios, P. Laporte, Orjan Dale, A. Sillanpää, Dainis Dravins, Timothée Grégoire, Nu. Komin, A. Mihailidis, L. Sidoli, Shiu-Hang Lee, A. W. Chen, J. M. Illa, A. Kuznetsov, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Dominis Prester, Marcos Daniel Actis, Abraham D. Falcone, L. Journet, D. Hadasch, N. Galante, A. Murphy, C. J. Todero Peixoto, S. Wiesand, A. Aravantinos, A. C. Rovero, J. L. Dournaux, P. Romano, M. Hrabovsky, R. de los Reyes Lopez, M. Ostrowski, J. Pallota, Geza Gyuk, Petar Temnikov, R. Dubois, Jan Ebr, R. Koul, David J. Smith, S. Schwarzburg, P. Manigot, Chad Finley, Tarek M. Hassan, Giuseppe Sottile, Evgeni Ovcharov, P. J. Rajda, F. Krennrich, Peter L. Moore, W. B. Focke, W. Bednarek, Elena Amato, Kazunori Kohri, J. Gamez-Garcia, I. Oya, A. Shibuya, German Hermann, William H. Lee, Dorota Sobczyńska, X. Zhou, C. Balkowski, G. Vallejo, M. Hayashida, M. Bitossi, Loukas Vlahos, H. Lockart, N. Geffroy, L. Tibaldo, Marek Jamrozy, Luke O'c. Drury, Pratik Majumdar, P. Sutcliffe, S. Schlenstedt, M. Palatka, Christophe Champion, H. Ueno, M. Rupiński, P. Giommi, J. Schwarz, G. Pühlhofer, Takashi Saito, W. van Driel, C. van Eldik, Q. Xiong, Yasuo Fukui, A. Donat, A. Ibarra, R. S. Warwick, Michiko Ohishi, A. W. Smith, J.-P. Lenain, Aion Viana, Terry Ashton, Guillaume Dubus, Jacek Niemiec, K. Kodani, Luis Ángel Tejedor, A. Wörnlein, Takanori Yoshikoshi, Masahiro Teshima, W. Gäbele, Ll. Font, Olaf Reimer, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, Lucy Fortson, J. P. Osborne, Mattia Fornasa, Keith Bechtol, Masayuki Tanaka, Shigehiro Nagataki, M. Rataj, M. Ribordy, Emmanuel Moulin, I. de la Calle, K. Winiarski, C. Jeanney, I. Mognet, I. Vegas, C. Juffroy, Yutaka Ohira, A. Jacholkowska, Matthew Wood, A. E. Suárez, J. Bähr, K. M. Schure, J. Maya, M. Dafonseca, J. Tasan, R. Sugawara, M. Bourgeat, A. Mancilla, D. Pelat, Olga Botner, D. Nedbal, G. Depaola, Robert Wagner, T. Okuda, H. Arnaldi, Josep Martí, P. Corona, T. Bonev, D. Yelos, J. Sieiro, V. Scalzotto, Jacco Vink, D. Languignon, Marco Ajello, J. Vandenbrouke, Philipp Mertsch, M. Mordalska, P. Wegner, P. Ziółkowski, P. T. O'Brien, A. Nozato, Robert D. Preece, B. Huber, Matteo Balbo, J.R. Bogart, R. Kankanyan, K. Mori, T. Jogler, Seth Digel, Claudio Vuerli, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Thomas Lohse, K. Saito, A. W. Borgland, Elisa Prandini, Helene Sol, Ryan Heller, M. Bogdan, D. Dumas, M. Stodulski, Y. Awane, Piercarlo Bonifacio, Pedro L. Luque-Escamilla, Judith H. Croston, Fabio Pizzolato, P. M. Chadwick, M. K. Daniel, Riccardo Paoletti, Reiko Orito, Katsuaki Asano, R. Frei, G. Disset, Valerie Connaughton, Juhani Huovelin, Hiroyasu Tajima, S. Vercellone, F. Feinstein, G. Decerprit, Riccardo Smareglia, S. Spyrou, Gustavo E. Romero, J. Shi, J. Carr, N. Girard, Dirk L. Hoffmann, Andreas Zech, Markus Boettcher, Osvaldo Catalano, Akira Okumura, M. Dohmke, C. Föhr, Sabrina Casanova, R. A. Cameron, Jan Conrad, K. Umehara, K. K. Yadav, A. Paizis, John L. Quinn, L. Pogosyan, C. Farnier, William J. Potter, Domenico Impiombato, Tadashi Kifune, Jonathan Granot, Gernot Maier, M. Cieślar, S. Palanque, G.W. Fraser, J. Prast, R. Bose, Heidi Sandaker, G. Lamanna, Dusan Mandat, J.F. Glicenstein, J. Harris, D. Naumann, J. Ziolkowski, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, J. Kocot, W. Lustermann, Sabine Elles, J. Schmoll, L. Gérard, M. López, Norita Kawanaka, V. Gika, B. Lieunard, A. Pichel, Martin Pohl, Mariusz Sterzel, S. Vincent, Paolo De Coppi, J. Lande, O. Blanch Bigas, Gianluca Giavitto, Yusuke Konno, Julian Sitarek, M. Panter, P.-O. Petrucci, F. Henault, M. Prouza, Philip Kaaret, Josep Colomé, Luciano Nicastro, German Martinez, L. Gebremedhin, J. M. Yebras, Apostolos Mastichiadis, A. S. Madhavan, Thomas J. Maccarone, K. Berger, R. Buehler, P. Jean, N. Sartore, F. Toussenel, Aris Karastergiou, W. Kluźniak, A. Djannati-Ataï, S. J. Fegan, Louis Antonelli, A. González Muñoz, J. Berdugo, S. S. Upadhya, M. Sidz, F. Mottez, Patrick Vogler, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, B. Sacco, L. Chiappetti, J. Dumm, R. Firpo Curcoll, David Gascon, V. Boccone, J. Krause, J. P. Avernet, B. Peyaud, B. De Lotto, Ana Babić, T. O. B. Schmidt, I. M. McHardy, T. Schweizer, S. P. Wakely, Daniel Gall, Frank M. Rieger, E. Sant'Ambrogio, M. Kagaya, P. Vincent, R. C. Rannot, Sandro Mereghetti, A. De Angelis, M. Scarcioffolo, R. White, G. H. Sembroski, Takeshi Nakamori, C. Medina, M. A. De Oliveira Leigui, Subir Sarkar, A. Marszałek, Reshmi Mukherjee, K. Nakayama, A. Fiasson, S. Giarrusso, T. Bernardino, J. P. Finley, D. Neise, L. O. Takalo, F. Grañena, Nikola Godinovic, H. Sasaki, P. Zychowski, Francesco Dazzi, B. Courty, A. Basili, Vitaly Neustroev, B. Khélifi, T. Glanzman, M. Trifoglio, Regis Terrier, R. A. Ong, E. M. Santos, M. Minuti, Thomas Bretz, R. Moderski, J. Kushida, S. Royer, Emilio Molinari, Etienne Lyard, J. Houles, Juan Abel Barrio, T. Lerch, S. Rivoire, T. Kishimoto, M. Cailles, M. Casiraghi, Nikolaos Stergioulas, J. Gaweda, S. Koyama, Ingomar Allekotte, E. Ismailova, Elina Giannakaki, S. Schwemmer, Ryo Yamazaki, G. Fasola, Christoph Deil, Jose Luis Contreras, T. Bird, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, J. Dick, E. Edy, D. Parsons, R. Pyzioł, R. Mirzoyan, Manjuli R. Sharma, J. Borkowski, Jonathan S. Lapington, Cameron B Rulten, Rino Bandiera, Volker Beckmann, Jun Kakuwa, Dimitris Balis, Kenji Toma, Anna Barnacka, Andrea Santangelo, L. Padilla, Peter Eger, G. Decock, Karol Seweryn, N. Sakaki, Darko Veberič, Andrea Bulgarelli, B. Rudak, M. Pérez, H. Koppel, Felix Spanier, M. I. Martínez, D. Horville, Marco Molinaro, R. Walter, P. Ramon, S. Brau-Nogue, J. Camprecios, K. Kärcher, John H. Seiradakis, S. Criswell, D. J. Leopold, V. J. Guarino, R. Gredig, S. Vorobiov, Viktor Gruev, Gareth Hughes, Daniele Spiga, Quirin Weitzel, N. Håkansson, Susumu Inoue, U. Straumann, Juan Cortina, B. Behera, Jürgen Knödlseder, Daniel Nieto, Tomasz Szepieniec, H. Prokoph, Jerzy Grygorczuk, G. De La Vega, Jim Hinton, E. Chabanne, M. Mahabir, R. Krobot, M. Capalbi, Miroslav Pech, C. Díaz, J. Ludwin, F. Gianotti, Garret Cotter, Claudio Melioli, Hiroaki Yamamoto, C. Veyssiere, Kunihito Ioka, S. Sun, J. M. Parraud, L. Rob, Felix Aharonian, G. Maneva, D. Melkumyan, T. Schwab, J. Kasperek, J. M. Huet, E. Lorenz, S. Tanaka, Y. A. Gallant, S. Couturier, B.W. Favill, J. Boix Gargallo, Andrea Tiengo, Leszek Bogacz, Andreu Sanuy, Christian Fruck, J. Sykes, C. Martens, A. Yoshida, Marek Sikora, E. Racero, G. Rouaix, N. Bhat, A. Salini, A. S. Barber, Mauro Ghigo, Jan Ridky, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, C. Tenzer, Alice Allafort, M. Torres, Catherine Boisson, Grzegorz Kowal, M. Karczewski, G. Agnetta, Victor Stamatescu, Anthony H. Gonzalez, S. Rousselle, Giovanni Bonanno, A. Zajczyk, A. Gadola, P. Martin, V. Zitelli, I. Manthos, N. Maragos, A. Dettlaff, F. Profeti, S. Colonges, S. Gunji, S. Cazaux, S. Colafrancesco, M. Paz Arribas, Rika Hagiwara, Darell Engelhaupt, Nestor Mirabal, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, S. Grunewald, Abby M. Green, I. D. Davids, D. Nosek, T. Yamamoto, Gagik Tovmassian, R. Sakonaka, Miguel Alcubierre, C. Baixeras, T. L. Usher, Kazufumi Torii, H. Lüdecke, L. Wiśniewski, B. Kellner-Leidel, P. Demange, F. Gonzalez, B. Moal, V. De Caprio, V. Golev, K. Katarzyński, V. Bugaev, A. Reimer, J. Koziol, G. Pojmanski, Alessandro Carosi, J. Bolmont, A. Nikolaidis, R. J. García López, V. A. Kudryavtsev, C. Stegmann, J.-P. Ernenwein, M. Fiorini, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, Marco Tavani, P. Korohoda, A. Giuliani, E. Carmona, C. Bauer, Kostas D. Kokkotas, O. Tibolla, G. Deleglise, Pierre Brun, Dinko Dimitrov, I. Jung, R. Steenkamp, Marc Ribó, Kathrin Egberts, P. Reardon, Adriano Ghedina, Stefan Rosén, N. Hidaka, Trygve Buanes, A. Segreto, H. Huan, Juri Poutanen, Ruben Lopez-Coto, S. Cavazzani, Massimiliano Belluso, A. Kretzschmann, F. De Frondat, A. Riviere, J. F. Olive, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Serena Mattiazzo, M. González, D. Fantinel, Matteo Cerruti, S. Vergani, Sabrina Einecke, N. La Palombara, Reinhard Schlickeiser, P. Antoranz, Pol Bordas, D. Paillot, V. de Souza, Yasushi Fukazawa, Phil Evans, Werner Hofmann, Hugh Dickinson, F. Roy, Yvonne Becherini, E. O. Angüner, D. Corti, T. C. Arlen, Francesco Russo, V. R. Chitnis, D. Ross, R. Gabriele, Massimo Persic, E. Fokitis, A. Bonardi, D. Garrido, A. Niedźwiecki, L. Cossio, Hidetoshi Kubo, Y. de Oliveira, F. Mattana, Anna Szostek, M. Compin, S. Blake, F. Lucarelli, Petter Hofverberg, Felix Ryde, M. Gougerot, C. Boutonnet, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, A. Mangano, P. Vallania, Jose Miguel Miranda, A. Manalaysay, M. Raue, A. Bouvier, Shohei Yanagita, Nektarios Vlahakis, Joni Tammi, M. Naumann-Godo, Kohta Murase, E. Fillin-Martino, Jiri Chudoba, K. Hatanaka, A. Lopatin, N. Otte, G. Rojas, Tomonori Totani, K. S. Gothe, J. P. Vialle, D. Kolitzus, K. Warda, Hironori Matsumoto, J. Rico, P. Ringegni, James Chiang, R. McKay, A. Bobkov, Aya Bamba, H. Takami, B. Giebels, O. Grimm, S. Basso, F. Dubois, Victor Zabalza, A. Förster, Pasquale Blasi, Alexandros Papayannis, A. G. Akhperjanian, Eckhard Kendziorra, James A. Anderson, Giuseppe Malaguti, R. Welsing, S. Pita, A. Ozieblo, Heide Costantini, D. Tezier, J.-H. Köhne, M. Tluczykont, Ll. Garrido, Alexander Varón Sandoval, Matthew R. Orr, Dominique Durand, F. Chollet, O. Luz, E. O. Saemann, Jun Kataoka, M. Proyetti, C. Barbier, Jürgen Barnstedt, L. Bouchet, Hiroshi Muraishi, Anton N. Baushev, L. A. Otero, Denis Bastieri, S. Incorvaia, Tihomir Surić, V. La Parola, Nathan Smith, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, F. Bernard, Luca Stringhetti, S. Paiano, S. Federici, Hector Flores, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, Giovanna Pedaletti, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, J. D. Smith, G. La Rosa, Alicia López-Oramas, M. Janiak, Gary Drake, G. Talbot, Petr Travnicek, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Mario Meucci, R. Northrop, V. Scapin, Vito Conforti, J. D. Ponz, T. Aghajani, J. J. Jimenez, A. D. Supanitsky, Hernán Asorey, M. Werner, Brian Reville, A. Haupt, C. Skole, Gilles Henri, Daniele Gardiol, V. Vassiliev, R. Platzer, Y. Saito, A. La Barbera, Allan Hallgren, C. Eleftheriadis, S. Cantu, G. Maurin, K. Lacombe, A. Le Padellec, F. Stinzing, T. Hayakawa, A. Cillis, M. Suchenek, I. Monteiro, V. Sahakian, A. Di Paola, Grzegorz Madejski, A. De Luca, Andreas Quirrenbach, P. A. Caraveo, N. A. Webb, Michael Zacharias, J. Vanderwalt, Dario Hrupec, K. Ziȩtara, T. Armstrong, A. Lorca, T. Krähenbühl, A. Etchegoyen, Stefano Covino, C. Kalkuhl, K. Kitamoto, Tomasz Bulik, R. Rohlfs, D. Allan, A. Zhao, Luisa Arrabito, B. S. Acharya, T. Johnson, C. Schultz, G. Vasileiadis, Eleen Shum, Daniel Ferenc, Paola Grandi, Maria Concetta Maccarone, E. Strazzeri, H. Kelly, E. J. Quel, H. Vankov, Ruben Alfaro, I. Telezhinsky, J. Becker Tjus, C. Dufour, F. Köck, Ilana M. Braun, Jamie Holder, Ryoji Enomoto, Luigi Lessio, Michael Punch, Stefano Gabici, I. Puerto-Gimenez, S. Karkar, P. Nayman, M. Grudzińska, E. Aliu, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Elina Lindfors, J. Becerra, Daniel Mazin, Yukikatsu Terada, André Schulz, Teresa Montaruli, G. Bonnoli, S. Renner, Dieter Horns, J. Dyks, V. Pelassa, Mark I. Wilkinson, Ricardo Graciani, I. Troyano, P. Ristori, Thomas Kihm, P. Micolon, S. J. Nolan, Torsten Bringmann, David A. Williams, Joachim Hahn, L. Brunetti, U. Roeser, Wolfgang Rhode, Kanaris Tsinganos, Stefan Ohm, J. L. Panazol, G. Busetto, B. S., Acharya, M., Acti, T., Aghajani, G., Agnetta, J., Aguilar, F., Aharonian, M., Ajello, A., Akhperjanian, M., Alcubierre, J., Aleksic, R., Alfaro, E., Aliu, A. J., Allafort, D., Allan, I., Allekotte, E., Amato, J., Anderson, E. O., Anguener, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Aravantino, T., Arlen, T., Armstrong, H., Arnaldi, L., Arrabito, K., Asano, T., Ashton, H. G., Asorey, Y., Awane, H., Baba, A., Babic, N., Baby, J., Baehr, A., Bai, C., Baixera, S., Bajtlik, M., Balbo, D., Bali, C., Balkowski, A., Bamba, R., Bandiera, A., Barber, C., Barbier, M., Barcelo, A., Barnacka, J., Barnstedt, U. B., De, J. A., Barrio, A., Basili, S., Basso, D., Bastieri, C., Bauer, A., Baushev, J., Becerra, Y., Becherini, K. C., Bechtol, J. B., Tju, V., Beckmann, W., Bednarek, B., Behera, M., Belluso, W., Benbow, J., Berdugo, K., Berger, F., Bernard, T., Bernardino, K., Bernloehr, N., Bhat, S., Bhattacharyya, C., Bigongiari, A., Biland, S., Billotta, T., Bird, E., Birsin, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, J., Biteau, M., Bitossi, S., Blake, O. B., Biga, P., Blasi, A., Bobkov, V., Boccone, M., Boettcher, L., Bogacz, J., Bogart, M., Bogdan, C., Boisson, J. B., Gargallo, J., Bolmont, G., Bonanno, A., Bonardi, T., Bonev, P., Bonifacio, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, A., Borgland, J., Borkowski, R., Bose, O., Botner, A., Bottani, L., Bouchet, M., Bourgeat, C., Boutonnet, A., Bouvier, S., Brau Nogue, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M., Brigg, T., Bringmann, P., Brook, P., Brun, L., Brunetti, T., Buane, J., Buckley, R., Buehler, V., Bugaev, A., Bulgarelli, T., Bulik, G., Busetto, S., Buson, K., Byrum, M., Caille, R., Cameron, J., Camprecio, R., Canestrari, S., Cantu, M., Capalbi, P., Caraveo, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, J., Carr, P. . ., H., S., Casanova, M., Casiraghi, O., Catalano, S., Cavazzani, S., Cazaux, M., Cerruti, E., Chabanne, P., Chadwick, C., Champion, A., Chen, J., Chiang, L., Chiappetti, M., Chikawa, V. R., Chitni, F., Chollet, J., Chudoba, M., Cieslar, A., Cilli, J., Cohen Tanugi, S., Colafrancesco, P., Colin, J., Calome, S., Colonge, M., Compin, P., Conconi, V., Conforti, V., Connaughton, J., Conrad, J. L., Contrera, P., Coppi, P., Corona, D., Corti, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, H., Costantini, G., Cotter, B., Courty, S., Couturier, S., Covino, G., Crimi, S. J., Criswell, J., Croston, G., Cusumano, M., Dafonseca, O., Dale, M., Daniel, J., Darling, I., David, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, V. D., Caprio, F. D., Frondat, E. M., De, I. d., La, G. A., De, R. d., Lo, B. D., Lotto, A. D., Luca, J. R., T., M. d., Nauroi, Y. d., Oliveira, E. d., Ona, V. d., Souza, G., Decerprit, G., Decock, C., Deil, E., Delagne, G., Deleglise, C., Delgado, D. D., Volpe, P., Demange, G., Depaola, A., Dettlaff, A. D., Paola, F. D., Pierro, C., Diaz, J., Dick, R., Dickherber, H., Dickinson, V., Diez Blanco, S., Digel, D., Dimitrov, G., Disset, A., Djannati Atai, M., Doert, M., Dohmke, W., Domainko, D. D., Prester, A., Donat, D., Dorner, M., Doro, J. . ., L., G., Drake, D., Dravin, L., Drury, F., Duboi, R., Duboi, G., Dubu, C., Dufour, D., Duma, J., Dumm, D., Durand, J., Dyk, M., Dyrda, J., Ebr, E., Edy, K., Egbert, P., Eger, S., Einecke, C., Eleftheriadi, S., Elle, D., Emmanoulopoulo, D., Engelhaupt, R., Enomoto, J. . ., P., M., Errando, A., Etchegoyen, P., Evan, A., Falcone, D., Fantinel, K., Farako, C., Farnier, G., Fasola, B., Favill, E., Fede, S., Federici, S., Fegan, F., Feinstein, D., Ferenc, P., Ferrando, M., Fesquet, A., Fiasson, E., Fillin Martino, D., Fink, C., Finley, J. P., Finley, M., Fiorini, R. F., Curcoll, H., Flore, D., Florin, W., Focke, C., Foehr, E., Fokiti, L., Font, G., Fontaine, M., Fornasa, A., Foerster, L., Fortson, N., Fouque, A., Franckowiak, C., Fransson, G., Fraser, R., Frei, I. F., M., L., Fresnillo, C., Fruck, Y., Fujita, Y., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, S., Funk, W., Gaebele, S., Gabici, R., Gabriele, A., Gadola, N., Galante, D., Gall, Y., Gallant, J., Gamez Garcia, B., Garcia, R. G., Lopez, D., Gardiol, D., Garrido, L., Garrido, D., Gascon, M., Gaug, J., Gaweda, L., Gebremedhin, N., Geffroy, L., Gerard, A., Ghedina, M., Ghigo, E., Giannakaki, F., Gianotti, S., Giarrusso, G., Giavitto, B., Giebel, V., Gika, P., Giommi, N., Girard, E., Giro, A., Giuliani, T., Glanzman, J. . ., F., N., Godinovic, V., Golev, M. G., Berisso, J., Gomez Ortega, M. M., Gonzalez, A., Gonzalez, F., Gonzalez, A. G., Munoz, K. S., Gothe, M., Gougerot, R., Graciani, P., Grandi, F., Granena, J., Granot, G., Grasseau, R., Gredig, A., Green, T., Greenshaw, T., Gregoire, O., Grimm, J., Grube, M., Grudzinska, V., Gruev, S., Gruenewald, J., Grygorczuk, V., Guarino, S., Gunji, G., Gyuk, D., Hadasch, R., Hagiwara, J., Hahn, N., Hakansson, A., Hallgren, N. H., Hera, S., Hara, M. J., Hardcastle, J., Harri, T., Hassan, K., Hatanaka, T., Haubold, A., Haupt, T., Hayakawa, M., Hayashida, R., Heller, F., Henault, G., Henri, G., Hermann, R., Hermel, A., Herrero, N., Hidaka, J., Hinton, D., Hoffmann, W., Hofmann, P., Hofverberg, J., Holder, D., Horn, D., Horville, J., Houle, M., Hrabovsky, D., Hrupec, H., Huan, B., Huber, J. . ., M., G., Hughe, T. B., Humensky, J., Huovelin, A., Ibarra, J. M., Illa, D., Impiombato, S., Incorvaia, S., Inoue, Y., Inoue, K., Ioka, E., Ismailova, C., Jablonski, A., Jacholkowska, M., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, P., Jean, C., Jeanney, J. J., Jimenez, T., Jogler, T., Johnson, L., Journet, C., Juffroy, I., Jung, P., Kaaret, S., Kabuki, M., Kagaya, J., Kakuwa, C., Kalkuhl, R., Kankanyan, A., Karastergiou, K., Kaercher, M., Karczewski, S., Karkar, A., Kasperek, D., Kastana, H., Katagiri, J., Kataoka, K., Katarzynski, U., Katz, N., Kawanaka, B., Kellner Leidel, H., Kelly, E., Kendziorra, B., Khelifi, D. B., Kieda, T., Kifune, T., Kihm, T., Kishimoto, K., Kitamoto, W., Kluzniak, C., Knapic, J. w., Knapp, J., Knoedlseder, F., Koeck, J., Kocot, K., Kodani, J. . ., H., K., Kohri, K., Kokkota, D., Kolitzu, N., Komin, I., Komini, Y., Konno, H., Koeppel, P., Korohoda, K., Kosack, G., Ko, R., Kossakowski, P., Kostka, R., Koul, G., Kowal, S., Koyama, J., Koziol, T., Kraehenbuehl, J., Krause, H., Krawzcynski, F., Krennrich, A., Krepp, A., Kretzschmann, R., Krobot, P., Krueger, H., Kubo, V. A., Kudryavtsev, J., Kushida, A., Kuznetsov, A. L., Barbera, N. L., Palombara, V. L., Parola, G. L., Rosa, K., Lacombe, G., Lamanna, J., Lande, D., Languignon, J., Lapington, P., Laporte, C., Lavalley, T. L., Flour, A. L., Padellec, S. . ., H., W. H., Lee, M. A., Leigui, D., Lela, D. J., Leopold, T., Lerch, L., Lessio, B., Lieunard, E., Lindfor, A., Liolio, A., Lipniacka, H., Lockart, T., Lohse, S., Lombardi, A., Lopatin, M., Lopez, R., Lopez Coto, A., Lopez Orama, A., Lorca, E., Lorenz, P., Lubinski, F., Lucarelli, H., Luedecke, J., Ludwin, P. L., Luque Escamilla, W., Lustermann, O., Luz, E., Lyard, M. C., Maccarone, T. J., Maccarone, G. M., Madejski, A., Madhavan, M., Mahabir, G., Maier, P., Majumdar, G., Malaguti, S., Maltezo, A., Manalaysay, A., Mancilla, D., Mandat, G., Maneva, A., Mangano, P., Manigot, K., Mannheim, I., Mantho, N., Marago, A., Marcowith, M., Mariotti, M., Marisaldi, S., Markoff, A., Marszalek, C., Marten, J., Marti, P., Martin, G., Martinez, F., Martinez, M., Martinez, A., Masserot, A., Mastichiadi, A., Mathieu, H., Matsumoto, F., Mattana, S., Mattiazzo, G., Maurin, S., Maxfield, J., Maya, D., Mazin, L. M., Comb, N., Mccubbin, I., Mchardy, R., Mckay, C., Medina, C., Melioli, D., Melkumyan, S., Mereghetti, P., Mertsch, M., Meucci, J., Michalowski, P., Micolon, A., Mihailidi, T., Mineo, M., Minuti, N., Mirabal, F., Mirabel, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, T., Mizuno, B., Moal, R., Moderski, I., Mognet, E., Molinari, M., Molinaro, T., Montaruli, I., Monteiro, P., Moore, A. M., Olaizola, M., Mordalska, C., Morello, K., Mori, F., Mottez, Y., Moudden, E., Moulin, I., Mrusek, R., Mukherjee, P., Munar Adrover, H., Muraishi, K., Murase, A., Murphy, S., Nagataki, T., Naito, D., Nakajima, T., Nakamori, K., Nakayama, C., Naumann, D., Naumann, M., Naumann Godo, P., Nayman, D., Nedbal, D., Neise, L., Nellen, V., Neustroev, N., Neyroud, L., Nicastro, J., Nicolau Kuklinski, A., Niedzwiecki, J., Niemiec, D., Nieto, A., Nikolaidi, K., Nishijima, S., Nolan, R., Northrop, D., Nosek, N., Nowak, A., Nozato, P., O'Brien, Y., Ohira, M., Ohishi, S., Ohm, H., Ohoka, T., Okuda, A., Okumura, R. A., Ong, R., Orito, M., Orr, J., Osborne, M., Ostrowski, L. A., Otero, N., Otte, E., Ovcharov, I., Oya, A., Ozieblo, L., Padilla, S., Paiano, D., Paillot, A., Paizi, S., Palanque, M., Palatka, J., Pallota, K., Panagiotidi, D., Paneque, M., Panter, R., Paoletti, A., Papayanni, G., Papyan, J. M., Parede, G., Pareschi, G., Park, D., Parson, M. P., Arriba, M., Pech, G., Pedaletti, V., Pelassa, D., Pelat, M. D., C., M., Persic, P. . ., O., B., Peyaud, A., Pichel, S., Pita, F., Pizzolato, L., Plato, R., Platzer, L., Pogosyan, M., Pohl, G., Pojmanski, J. D., Ponz, W., Potter, J., Poutanen, E., Prandini, J., Prast, R., Preece, F., Profeti, H., Prokoph, M., Prouza, M., Proyetti, I., Puerto Gimenez, G., Puehlhofer, I., Puljak, M., Punch, R., Pyziol, E. J., Quel, J., Quinn, A., Quirrenbach, E., Racero, P. J., Rajda, P., Ramon, R., Rando, R. C., Rannot, M., Rataj, M., Raue, P., Reardon, O., Reimann, A., Reimer, O., Reimer, K., Reitberger, M., Renaud, S., Renner, B., Reville, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, M., Ribordy, M. G., Richer, J., Rico, J., Ridky, F., Rieger, P., Ringegni, J., Ripken, P. R., Ristori, A., Riviere, S., Rivoire, L., Rob, U., Roeser, R., Rohlf, G., Roja, P., Romano, W., Romaszkan, G. E., Romero, S., Rosen, S. R., Lee, D., Ro, G., Rouaix, J., Rousselle, S., Rousselle, A. C., Rovero, F., Roy, S., Royer, B., Rudak, C., Rulten, M., Rupinski, F., Russo, F., Ryde, B., Sacco, E. O., Saemann, A., Saggion, V., Safiakian, K., Saito, T., Saito, Y., Saito, N., Sakaki, R., Sakonaka, A., Salini, F., Sanchez, M., Sanchez Conde, A., Sandoval, H., Sandaker, E., Sant'Ambrogio, A., Santangelo, E. M., Santo, A., Sanuy, L., Sapozhnikov, S., Sarkar, N., Sartore, H., Sasaki, K., Satalecka, M., Sawada, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, M., Scarcioffolo, J., Schafer, T., Schanz, S., Schlenstedt, R., Schlickeiser, T., Schmidt, J., Schmoll, P., Schovanek, M., Schroedter, C., Schultz, J., Schultze, A., Schulz, K., Schure, T., Schwab, U., Schwanke, J., Schwarz, S., Schwarzburg, T., Schweizer, S., Schwemmer, A., Segreto, G. H., Sembroski, K., Seweryn, M., Sharma, M., Shayduk, R. C., Shellard, J., Shi, T., Shibata, A., Shibuya, E., Shum, L., Sidoli, M., Sidz, J., Sieiro, M., Sikora, J., Silk, A., Sillanpaa, B. B., Singh, J., Sitarek, C., Skole, R., Smareglia, A., Smith, D., Smith, J., Smith, N., Smith, D., Sobczynska, H., Sol, G., Sottile, M., Sowinski, F., Spanier, D., Spiga, S., Spyrou, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, R., Starling, L., Stawarz, R., Steenkamp, C., Stegmann, S., Steiner, N., Stergioula, R., Sternberger, M., Sterzel, F., Stinzing, M., Stodulski, U., Straumann, E., Strazzeri, L., Stringhetti, A., Suarez, M., Suchenek, R., Sugawara, K. . ., H., S., Sun, A. D., Supanitsky, T., Suric, P., Sutcliffe, J., Syke, M., Szanecki, T., Szepieniec, A., Szostek, G., Tagliaferri, H., Tajima, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, L., Takalo, H., Takami, C., Talbot, J., Tammi, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, J., Tasan, M., Tavani, L. A., Tejedor, I., Telezhinsky, P., Temnikov, C., Tenzer, Y., Terada, R., Terrier, M., Teshima, V., Testa, D., Tezier, D., Thuermann, L., Tibaldo, O., Tibolla, A., Tiengo, M., Tluczykont, C. J., Todero, F., Tokanai, M., Tokarz, K., Toma, K., Torii, M., Tornikoski, D. F., Torre, M., Torre, G., Tosti, T., Totani, C., Toussenel, G., Tovmassian, P., Travnicek, M., Trifoglio, I., Troyano, K., Tsingano, H., Ueno, K., Umehara, S. S., Upadhya, T., Usher, M., Uslenghi, J. F., Valdes Galicia, P., Vallania, G., Vallejo, W. v., Driel, C. v., Eldik, J., Vandenbrouke, J., Vanderwalt, H., Vankov, G., Vasileiadi, V., Vassiliev, D., Veberic, I., Vega, S., Vercellone, S., Vergani, C., Veyssiere, J. P., Vialle, A., Viana, M., Videla, P., Vincent, S., Vincent, J., Vink, N., Vlahaki, L., Vlaho, P., Vogler, A., Vollhardt, H. . ., P., S., Vorobiov, C., Vuerli, V., Waegebaert, R., Wagner, R. G., Wagner, S., Wagner, S. P., Wakely, R., Walter, T., Walther, K., Warda, R., Warwick, P., Wawer, R., Wawrzaszek, N., Webb, P., Wegner, A., Weinstein, Q., Weitzel, R., Welsing, M., Werner, H., Wetteskind, R., White, A., Wierzcholska, S., Wiesand, M., Wilkinson, D. A., William, R., Willingale, K., Winiarski, R., Wischnewski, L., Wisniewski, M., Wood, A., Woernlein, Q., Xiong, K. K., Yadav, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, R., Yamazaki, S., Yanagita, J. M., Yebra, D., Yelo, A., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, V., Zabalza, M., Zacharia, A., Zajczyk, R., Zanin, A., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zhao, X., Zhou, K., Zietara, J., Ziolkowski, P., Ziolkowski, V., Zitelli, C., Zurbach, P., Zychowski, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CTA, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)
Subjects: Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Físicas, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, TeV GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY, Observatory, Air showers, HESS, Cherenkov Telescopes, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, MISSION, SUPERNOVA REMNANT W44, TELESCOPE, ASTRONOMY, EMISSION, Physics, ta213, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, TeV gamma-ray astronomy, ddc:540, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Air shower, AIR SHOWERS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 0103 physical sciences, Preparatory phase, ta115, TeV gamma-ray astronomy Air showers Cherenkov Telescopes, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CHERENKOV TELESCOPES, Física, Astronomy, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Design study, Telecommunications, business
Abstract: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project., La lista completa de autores puede consultarse en el documento o en la página web de la revista., Facultad de Ingeniería
Published: 2013

14. Rapid and multi-band variability of the TeV-bright active nucleus of the galaxy IC 310

Author: Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, I. Lozano, D. Dominis Prester, Takashi Saito, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, R. Zanin, D. Borla Tridon, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, J. Becerra González, Francisco Prada, Reiko Orito, M. Salvati, A. Sillanpää, J. Rico, I. Snidaric, Mario Meucci, Masahiro Teshima, Daniela Dorner, Stefano Covino, Christian Fruck, M. L. Knoetig, T. Krähenbühl, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, S. Wilbert, Kari Nilsson, Daniel Ferenc, Abelardo Moralejo, M. V. Fonseca, Tomislav Terzić, A. De Angelis, K. Berger, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, D. Tescaro, Mosè Mariotti, A.-K. Overkemping, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, E. Prandini, P. Munar-Adrover, Silvia Preziuso, J. Moldón, A. Boller, L. Cossio, M. Gaug, Ignasi Reichardt, Giacomo Bonnoli, M. Palatiello, J. Kushida, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Aldo Treves, Artemio Herrero, M. Doert, Jose Luis Contreras, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Juan Cortina, P. Temnikov, Marc Ribó, Patrick Vogler, K. Saito, B. Steinke, G. Maneva, Elisa Bernardini, Riccardo Paoletti, L. Font, V. Kadenius, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, S. Paiano, L. Maraschi, Karl Mannheim, Felix Spanier, G. De Caneva, Ivica Puljak, Gianluca Giavitto, L. A. Antonelli, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, D. Garrido Terrats, Natalia Lewandowska, J. Masbou, Pierre Colin, Jörn Wilms, P. Fortin, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, M. I. Martínez, Francesco Dazzi, A. González Muñoz, Saverio Lombardi, S. Bonnefoy, A. La Barbera, Konstancja Satalecka, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Hajime Takami, V. Scalzotto, Michele Doro, Diego F. Torres, Julia Thaele, M. Uellenbeck, Fabrizio Tavecchio, D. Häfner, R. Mirzoyan, R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, S. Partini, Wolfgang Rhode, D. Eisenacher, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, J. Krause, Ana Babić, Emanuele Paolo Farina, B. De Lotto, Aaron Dominguez, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, Dorota Sobczyńska, T. Dauser, A. Hadamek, Matthias Kadler, W. Idec, J. Storz, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Martin Makariev, Nina Nowak, F. Krauß, E. Colombo, P. Antoranz, Oscar Blanch, P. G. Prada Moroni, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, O. Tibolla, Robert Wagner, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, T. Schweizer, Jelena Aleksić, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, D. Nakajima, A. Niedzwiecki, Jose Miguel Miranda, F. Borracci, David Paneque, K. Mallot, R. J. García López, Massimo Persic, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, T. Toyama, P. Da Vela, Victor Stamatescu, Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universitat de València (UV), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), IEEC-CSIC, Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P), Instituto de Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, UNAM, Institute for Physical Research (IPR), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] (NAS RA), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC (IFT), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Dept. of Physics, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Kao Group, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Optoelectronic Research Centre, University of Southampton, Department of Chemistry, Oulu, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg - Erlangen, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Photon, Spectral shape analysis, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Radio galaxy, Raigs còsmics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], X-ray astronomy, Galaxies: individual: IC 310, galaxies active, galaxies individual, IC 310, gamma rays galaxies, X-rays galaxies, Gamma ray astronomy, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Galaxies: active, Gamma rays: galaxies, X-rays: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomia de raigs gamma, Blazar, Cosmic rays, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Light curve, Galaxy, Astronomia de raigs X, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Schwarzschild radius, Order of magnitude
Abstract: Context. The radio galaxy IC 310 has recently been identified as a gamma-ray emitter based on observations at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT and at very high energies (VHE, E>100GeV) with the MAGIC telescopes. Originally classified as a head-tail radio galaxy, the nature of this object is subject of controversy since its nucleus shows blazar-like behavior. Aims. In order to understand the nature of IC 310 and the origin of the VHE emission we studied the spectral and flux variability of IC 310 from the X-ray band to the VHE gamma-ray regime. Methods. The light curve of IC 310 above 300GeV has been measured with the MAGIC telescopes from Oct. 2009 to Feb. 2010. Fermi-LAT data (2008-2011) in the 10-500GeV energy range were also analyzed. In X-ray, archival observations from 2003 to 2007 with XMM, Chandra, and Swift-XRT in the 0.5-10keV band were studied. Results. The VHE light curve reveals several high-amplitude and short-duration flares. Day-to-day flux variability is clearly present. The photon index between 120GeV and 8TeV remains at the value $\Gamma\sim2.0$ during both low and high flux states. The VHE spectral shape does not show significant variability, whereas the flux at 1TeV changes by a factor of $\sim7$. Fermi-LAT detected only eight gamma-ray events in the energy range 10GeV-500GeV in three years of observation. The measured photon index of $\Gamma=1.3\pm0.5$ in the Fermi-LAT range is very hard. The X-ray measurements show strong variability in flux and photon index. The latter varied from $1.76\pm0.07$ to $2.55\pm0.07$. Conclusion. The rapid variability measured confirms the blazar-like behavior of IC 310. The TeV emission seems to originate from scales of less than 80 Schwarzschild radii within the compact core of its FRI radio jet with orientation angle 10deg-38deg. The SED resembles that of an extreme blazar, albeit the luminosity is more than two orders of magnitude lower., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2013
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15. Observations of the magnetars 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586 with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: K. Berger, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, Felix Spanier, J. Moldón, Daniel Ferenc, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, D. Dominis Prester, A. Boller, S. Partini, E. Colombo, Ivica Puljak, Francisco Prada, L. Cossio, Pierre Colin, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Mario Meucci, V. Scapin, S. Bonnefoy, R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, Daniela Dorner, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, J. M. Paredes, P. Munar-Adrover, P. G. Prada Moroni, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, Nikola Godinovic, Benito Marcote, Konstancja Satalecka, P. Temnikov, Michele Doro, Antonio Stamerra, Artemio Herrero, Dorota Sobczyńska, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, D. Carreto Fidalgo, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Fabio Zandanel, M. Pilia, Aaron Dominguez, Shan Sun, Takashi Saito, Ignasi Reichardt, M. Gaug, Jelena Aleksić, Stefano Covino, Giacomo Bonnoli, Marc Ribó, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Reiko Orito, T. Schweizer, O. Tibolla, R. Mirzoyan, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, Julian Sitarek, Nanda Rea, S. Rügamer, A. López-Oramas, K. Saito, D. Eisenacher, A. Niedzwiecki, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Natalia Lewandowska, Juan Abel Barrio, M. Asensio, J. Hose, M. Doert, Elisa Bernardini, D. Borla Tridon, F. Jankowski, A. La Barbera, Ruben Lopez-Coto, M. Uellenbeck, A. Hadamek, G. Maneva, D. Tescaro, D. Nakajima, Daniel Nieto, T. Toyama, J. Storz, Mosè Mariotti, G. De Caneva, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, David Paneque, M. Palatiello, Jose Miguel Miranda, Nina Nowak, M. L. Knoetig, D. Garrido Terrats, P. Antoranz, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, K. Mallot, Wolfgang Rhode, A. De Angelis, J. Rico, L. Maraschi, M. V. Fonseca, Francesco Dazzi, Tomislav Terzić, Saverio Lombardi, R. J. García López, V. Scalzotto, Elina Lindfors, Christian Fruck, M. Salvati, E. Leonardo, Daniel Mazin, A. Sillanpää, Gianluca Giavitto, P. Da Vela, B. Steinke, A. González Muñoz, Riccardo Paoletti, Victor Stamatescu, J. Masbou, I. Lozano, D. Hadasch, M. I. Martínez, Robert Wagner, Massimo Persic, T. Krähenbühl, C. Schultz, Masahiro Teshima, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, L. Font, Hajime Takami, Juan Cortina, Kari Nilsson, Patrick Vogler, L. A. Antonelli, Fabrizio Tavecchio, I. Snidaric, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Diego F. Torres, Abelardo Moralejo, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, S. Klepser, Universitat de Barcelona, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universitat de València (UV), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), IEEC-CSIC, Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P), Instituto de Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, UNAM, Institute for Physical Research (IPR), National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] (NAS RA), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF-Cagliari Astronomical Observatory, Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC (IFT), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Dept. of Physics, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Kao Group, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Optoelectronic Research Centre, University of Southampton, Department of Chemistry, Oulu, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], High energy, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], astro-ph.GA, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Magnetar, 01 natural sciences, Neutron stars, law.invention, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Telescope, law, Gamma ray astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Astronomia de raigs gamma, Analysis software, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Estels de neutrons, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Telescopis, Magic (programming), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, stars: magnetars, gamma rays: stars, stars: individual: 4U 0142+61, 1E 2259+586, Neutron star, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astronomia, ddc:520, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High magnetic field, Telescopes
Abstract: Astronomy and astrophysics 549(A23), 1-4 (2013). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220275, Magnetars are an extreme, highly magnetized class of isolated neutron stars whose large X-ray luminosity is believed to be driven by their high magnetic field. In this work we study for the first time the possible very high energy gamma-ray emission above 100 GeV from magnetars, observing the sources 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586. We observed the two sources with atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes in the very high energy range (E > 100 GeV). 4U 0142+61 was observed with the MAGIC I telescope in 2008 for ~25 h and 1E 2259+586 was observed with the MAGIC stereoscopic system in 2010 for ~14 h. The data were analyzed with the standard MAGIC analysis software. Neither magnetar was detected. Upper limits to the differential and integral flux above 200 GeV were computed using the Rolke algorithm. We obtain integral upper limits to the flux of 1.52*10^-12cm^-2 s^-1 and 2.7*10^-12cm^-2 s^-1 with a confidence level of 95% for 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586, respectively. The resulting differential upper limits are presented together with X-ray data and upper limits in the GeV energy range., Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
Published: 2012

16. High zenith angle observations of PKS 2155-304 with the MAGIC-I telescope

Author: J. Aleksić, E. A. Alvarez, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Asensio, M. Backes, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, A. Berdyugin, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, O. Blanch, R. K. Bock, A. Boller, G. Bonnoli, D. Borla Tridon, I. Braun, T. Bretz, A. Cañellas, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, P. Colin, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, L. Cossio, S. Covino, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, G. De Caneva, E. De Cea del Pozo, B. De Lotto, C. Delgado Mendez, A. Diago Ortega, M. Doert, A. Domínguez, D. Dominis Prester, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Eisenacher, D. Elsaesser, D. Ferenc, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, C. Fruck, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, D. Garrido, G. Giavitto, N. Godinović, S. R. Gozzini, D. Hadasch, D. Häfner, A. Herrero, D. Hildebrand, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Hose, D. Hrupec, T. Jogler, H. Kellermann, S. Klepser, T. Krähenbühl, J. Krause, J. Kushida, A. La Barbera, D. Lelas, E. Leonardo, N. Lewandowska, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, M. López, R. López, A. López-Oramas, E. Lorenz, M. Makariev, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, B. Marcote, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, M. Meucci, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, J. Moldón, A. Moralejo, P. Munar-Adrover, A. Niedzwiecki, D. Nieto, K. Nilsson, N. Nowak, R. Orito, S. Paiano, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, S. Pardo, J. M. Paredes, S. Partini, M. A. Perez-Torres, M. Persic, L. Peruzzo, M. Pilia, J. Pochon, F. Prada, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, I. Puerto Gimenez, I. Puljak, I. Reichardt, R. Reinthal, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, S. Rügamer, A. Saggion, K. Saito, T. Y. Saito, M. Salvati, K. Satalecka, V. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, C. Schultz, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, S. N. Shore, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, I. Snidaric, D. Sobczynska, F. Spanier, S. Spiro, V. Stamatescu, A. Stamerra, B. Steinke, J. Storz, N. Strah, S. Sun, T. Surić, L. Takalo, H. Takami, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzić, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, A. Treves, M. Uellenbeck, H. Vankov, P. Vogler, R. M. Wagner, Q. Weitzel, V. Zabalza, F. Zandanel, and R. Zanin
Subjects: Astrofísica, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Zenith, PKS 2155-304, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, BL Lacertae objects: individual: PKS 2155-304, astroparticle physics, methods: data analysis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Crab Nebula, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Galàxies actives, astro-ph.CO, Active galaxies, Spectral energy distribution, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The high frequency peaked BL Lac PKS 2155-304 with a redshift of z=0.116 was discovered in 1997 in the very high energy (VHE, E >100GeV) gamma-ray range by the University of Durham Mark VI gamma-ray Cherenkov telescope in Australia with a flux corresponding to 20% of the Crab Nebula flux. It was later observed and detected with high significance by the Southern Cherenkov observatory H.E.S.S. Detection from the Northern hemisphere is difficult due to challenging observation conditions under large zenith angles. In July 2006, the H.E.S.S. collaboration reported an extraordinary outburst of VHE gamma-emission. During the outburst, the VHE gamma-ray emission was found to be variable on the time scales of minutes and with a mean flux of ~7 times the flux observed from the Crab Nebula. Follow-up observations with the MAGIC-I standalone Cherenkov telescope were triggered by this extraordinary outburst and PKS 2155-304 was observed between 28 July to 2 August 2006 for 15 hours at large zenith angles. Here we present our studies on the behavior of the source after its extraordinary flare and an enhanced analysis method for data taken at high zenith angles. We developed improved methods for event selection that led to a better background suppression. The averaged energy spectrum we derived has a spectral index of -3.5 +/- 0.2 above 400GeV, which is in good agreement with the spectral shape measured by H.E.S.S. during the major flare on MJD 53944. Furthermore, we present the spectral energy distribution modeling of PKS 2155-304. With our observations we increased the duty cycle of the source extending the light curve derived by H.E.S.S. after the outburst. Finally, we find night-by-night variability with a maximal amplitude of a factor three to four and an intranight variability in one of the nights (MJD 53945) with a similar amplitude., 10 pages, 9 figures; Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2012

17. PG 1553+113: five years of observations with MAGIC

Author: R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, Damir Lelas, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Dorota Sobczyńska, F. D'Ammando, M. I. Martínez, Michael Backes, T. Krähenbühl, S. Klepser, Kari Nilsson, D. Tescaro, N. Strah, P. G. Prada Moroni, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, J. Moldón, M. Pilia, Andrei Berdyugin, M. Salvati, Gianluca Giavitto, D. Dominis Prester, Karl Mannheim, A. Boller, L. Cossio, E. Colombo, O. Tibolla, E. Prandini, Jose Luis Contreras, Francisco Prada, Artemio Herrero, Juan Cortina, Aldo Treves, Daniel Ferenc, K. Saito, Hiroko Miyamoto, A. La Barbera, Daniela Dorner, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Silvia Pardo, P. Temnikov, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, Fabio Zandanel, K. Berger, J. Krause, A. Cañellas, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, B. De Lotto, Victor Stamatescu, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, Jelena Aleksić, M. Shayduk, Aaron Dominguez, Tomislav Terzić, A. López-Oramas, Abelardo Moralejo, Dario Hrupec, Stefano Covino, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Patrick Vogler, J. Becerra González, Elisa Bernardini, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, D. Horan, H. Kellermann, P. Munar-Adrover, M. A. Lopez, V. Scalzotto, Felix Spanier, Riccardo Paoletti, Masahiro Teshima, Mario Meucci, Felicitas Pauss, Victor Zabalza, D. Garrido, Thomas Bretz, Julian Sitarek, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Ralph Bock, S. N. Shore, J. Hose, Marc Ribó, M. Uellenbeck, Jose Miguel Miranda, J. M. Paredes, Martin Makariev, G. De Caneva, Daniela Hadasch, Antonio Stamerra, S. Buson, Oscar Blanch, T. Jogler, E. A. Alvarez, L. O. Takalo, J. Storz, Wolfgang Rhode, Nikola Godinovic, B. Huber, E. Carmona, Giacomo Bonnoli, E. De Cea del Pozo, Francesco Dazzi, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, Hajime Takami, R. J. García López, Ignasi Reichardt, David Paneque, E. Leonardo, T. Schweizer, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, P. Antoranz, M. Doert, S. Larsson, Massimo Persic, M. Asensio, Daniel Nieto, G. Maneva, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, A. Saggion, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Adrian Biland, Mosè Mariotti, J. Rico, A. De Angelis, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, D. Häfner, R. Mirzoyan, Markus Garczarczyk, Takashi Saito, L. A. Antonelli, R. Zanin, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, Reiko Orito, M. A. Perez-Torres, A. Sillanpää, M. V. Fonseca, Christian Fruck, B. Steinke, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, C. Delgado Mendez, Aleksic J, Alvarez EA, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Asensio M, Backes M, Barrio JA, Bastieri D, Gonzalez JB, Bednarek W, Berdyugin A, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Blanch O, Bock RK, Boller A, Bonnoli G, Tridon DB, Braun I, Bretz T, Canellas A, Carmona E, Carosi A, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Cossio L, Covino S, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Caneva G, del Pozo ED, De Lotto B, Mendez CD, Ortega AD, Doert M, Dominguez A, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Ferenc D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Fruck C, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Garrido D, Giavitto G, Godinovic N, Hadasch D, Hafner D, Herrero A, Hildebrand D, Ohne-Monch DH, Hose J, Hrupec D, Huber B, Jogler T, Kellermann H, Klepser S, Krahenbuhl T, Krause J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Lopez M, Lopez-Oramas A, Lorenz E, Makariev M, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Miyamoto H, Moldon J, Moralejo A, Munar-Adrover P, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Orito R, Oya I, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Pardo S, Paredes JM, Partini S, Pasanen M, Pauss F, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Pilia M, Pochon J, Prada F, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Puljak I, Reichardt I, Reinthal R, Rhode W, Ribo M, Rico J, Rugamer S, Saggion A, Saito K, Saito TY, Salvati M, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shore SN, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Spiro S, Stamatescu V, Stamerra A, Steinke B, Storz J, Strah N, Suric T, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzic T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Treves A, Uellenbeck M, Vankov H, Vogler P, Wagner RM, Weitzel Q, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Buson S, Horan D, Larsson S, and DAmmando F
Subjects: Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Raigs gamma, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), TEV BLAZARS, Gamma ray, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, gamma-rays: observations, BL Lacertae objects: individual (PG 1553+113), astro-ph.CO, BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), TELESCOPE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, FERMI, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS, BL Lacertae objects: individual (PG 1553+113) – gamma rays: galaxies – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galàxies, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, LAC OBJECTS, ddc:520, SKY SURVEY, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We present the results of five years (2005-2009) of MAGIC observations of the BL Lac object PG 1553+113 at very high energies (VHEs, E > 100 GeV). Power law fits of the individual years are compatible with a steady mean photon index ��= 4.27 $\pm$ 0.14. In the last three years of data, the flux level above 150 GeV shows a clear variability (probability of constant flux < 0.001%). The flux variations are modest, lying in the range from 4% to 11% of the Crab Nebula flux. Simultaneous optical data also show only modest variability that seems to be correlated with VHE gamma ray variability. We also performed a temporal analysis of (all available) simultaneous Fermi/LAT data of PG 1553+113 above 1 GeV, which reveals hints of variability in the 2008-2009 sample. Finally, we present a combination of the mean spectrum measured at very high energies with archival data available for other wavelengths. The mean spectral energy distribution can be modeled with a one-zone Synchrotron Self Compton (SSC) model, which gives the main physical parameters governing the VHE emission in the blazar jet., 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2012

18. Discovery of VHE gamma-rays from the blazar 1ES 1215+303 with the MAGIC Telescopes and simultaneous multi-wavelength observations

Author: I. Snidaric, Aaron Dominguez, M. Makariev, Victor Zabalza, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Daniela Dorner, R. J. García López, I. Puerto Gimenez, Natalia Lewandowska, S. Larsson, Massimo Persic, Elisa Bernardini, D. Hildebrand, F. Jankowski, A. La Barbera, Abelardo Moralejo, W. Bednarek, Fabrizio Tavecchio, K. Berger, M. I. Martínez, Gianluca Giavitto, E. A. Alvarez, A. González Muñoz, K. Saito, Patrick Vogler, Silvia Pardo, Dario Hrupec, Joni Tammi, B. Huber, P. G. Prada Moroni, S. Partini, A. De Angelis, J. Becerra González, M. A. Lopez, S. Rügamer, E. De Cea del Pozo, A. Boller, Ignasi Reichardt, Juan Abel Barrio, L. Cossio, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, T. Krähenbühl, D. Eisenacher, O. Tibolla, Mario Meucci, V. Scapin, Artemio Herrero, L. Maraschi, D. Borla Tridon, G. Maneva, Stefano Ansoldi, E. Carmona, Jelena Aleksić, N. Strah, Nikola Godinovic, Markus Garczarczyk, Riccardo Paoletti, Andrei Berdyugin, Tomislav Terzić, T. Jogler, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, A. Niedzwiecki, Adrian Biland, Emilia Järvelä, Nina Nowak, Daniel Ferenc, M. Asensio, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, J. M. Paredes, C. Schultz, J. Rico, Diego F. Torres, David Paneque, Tihomir Surić, Antonio Stamerra, Oscar Blanch, Marc Ribó, Louis Antonelli, M. Salvati, V. Kadenius, S. Paiano, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, M. Doert, Michael Backes, J. Hose, A. Sillanpää, M. A. Perez-Torres, Karl Mannheim, Felix Spanier, L. Font, Francesco Dazzi, M. V. Fonseca, E. Colombo, J. Krause, D. Elsaesser, J. Storz, G. Bonnoli, E. Leonardo, P. Antoranz, B. De Lotto, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Christian Fruck, Hajime Takami, P. Munar-Adrover, Kari Nilsson, Daniel Nieto, Thomas Bretz, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, S. N. Shore, D. Dominis Prester, S. Klepser, B. Steinke, G. De Caneva, Hanna Kellermann, M. Pilia, Francisco Prada, A. López-Oramas, Alessandro Carosi, D. Garrido Terrats, A. Cañellas, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Ralph Bock, V. Scalzotto, L. O. Takalo, Wolfgang Rhode, Jose Miguel Miranda, J. Moldón, D. Häfner, S. Buson, T. Schweizer, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, Mosè Mariotti, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, R. Reinthal, Razmik Mirzoyan, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, Dorota Sobczyńska, Stefano Covino, D. Tescaro, E. Prandini, Takashi Saito, Aldo Treves, Reiko Orito, P. Da Vela, Julian Sitarek, Victor Stamatescu, P. Temnikov, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, D. Hadasch, Anne Lähteenmäki, Masahiro Teshima, M. Uellenbeck, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, School services, ELEC, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Anne Lähteenmäki Group
Subjects: gamma-rays: galaxies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Radio telescope, law, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 1215+303, Target of opportunity, 0103 physical sciences, Gamma ray astronomy, Astronomia de raigs gamma, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, individual: 1ES 1215+303 [BL Lacertae objects], Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Optical polarization, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galàxies, galaxies [gamma-rays], Space and Planetary Science, 115 Astronomy and space science, Spectral energy distribution, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, BL Lac object
Abstract: Context. We present the discovery of very high energy (VHE, E > 100GeV) gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac object 1ES 1215+303 by the MAGIC telescopes and simultaneous multi-wavelength data in a broad energy range from radio to gamma-rays. Aims. We study the VHE gamma-ray emission from 1ES 1215+303 and its relation to the emissions in other wavelengths. Methods. Triggered by an optical outburst, MAGIC observed the source in January-February 2011 for 20.3 hrs. The target was monitored in the optical R-band by the KVA telescope that also performed optical polarization measurements. We triggered target of opportunity observations with the Swift satellite and obtained simultaneous and quasi-simultaneous data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope and from the Mets��hovi radio telescope. We also present the analysis of older MAGIC data taken in 2010. Results. The MAGIC observations of 1ES 1215+303 carried out in January-February 2011 resulted in the first detection of the source at VHE with a statistical significance of 9.4 sigma. Simultaneously, the source was observed in a high optical and X-ray state. In 2010 the source was observed in a lower state in optical, X-ray, and VHE, while the GeV gamma-ray flux and the radio flux were comparable in 2010 and 2011. The spectral energy distribution obtained with the 2011 data can be modeled with a simple one zone SSC model, but it requires extreme values for the Doppler factor or the electron energy distribution., 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted to A&A
Published: 2012

19. Performance of the MAGIC stereo system obtained with Crab Nebula data

Author: J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Aldo Treves, Daniel Nieto, V. Scalzotto, Daniela Dorner, Abelardo Moralejo, J. Storz, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Riccardo Paoletti, D. Häfner, R. Mirzoyan, S. Partini, Hanna Kellermann, D. Höhne-Mönch, Ignasi Reichardt, Masahiro Teshima, Petar Temnikov, W. Bednarek, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Elisa Bernardini, Silvia Pardo, Pierre Colin, Ll. Font, M. Martı´nez, P. Antoranz, E. A. Alvarez, Konstancja Satalecka, A. Boller, Wolfgang Rhode, Elina Lindfors, K. Saito, L. Cossio, J. Moldón, M. Uellenbeck, Gianluca Giavitto, E. Colombo, Michele Doro, Kari Nilsson, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, D. Dominis Prester, Daniel Mazin, G. Maneva, Julian Sitarek, Fabio Zandanel, A. Saggion, Patrick Vogler, Dario Hrupec, Nikola Godinovic, M. Asensio, M. Salvati, Adrian Biland, Oscar Blanch, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Elisa Prandini, M. A. Perez-Torres, Daniela Hadasch, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, Artemio Herrero, David Paneque, R. Reinthal, Louis Antonelli, Jose Luis Contreras, Francisco Prada, Stefano Covino, Mosè Mariotti, Juan Cortina, A. De Angelis, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, I. Snidaric, Damir Lelas, Diego F. Torres, P. Munar-Adrover, A. Cañellas, C. Delgado Mendez, M. Pasanen, Dorota Sobczyńska, Michael Backes, J. Krause, R. J. García López, B. De Lotto, Francesco Dazzi, K. Berger, Victor Zabalza, G. De Caneva, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, E. Carmona, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Markus Garczarczyk, Saverio Lombardi, E. Leonardo, D. Tescaro, M. Makariev, M. Pilia, J. Pochon, A. Sillanpää, Victor Stamatescu, Felix Spanier, J. Rico, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Takashi Saito, P. G. Prada Moroni, R. Zanin, B. Huber, O. Tibolla, Reiko Orito, Daniel Ferenc, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, Massimo Persic, T. Krähenbühl, S. Klepser, G. Bonnoli, M. V. Fonseca, N. Strah, Christian Fruck, T. Jogler, B. Steinke, M. López, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, I. Puljak, A. La Barbera, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, M. Doert, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Karl Mannheim, Marc Ribó, Andrei Berdyugin, J. Hose, A. López-Oramas, D. Elsaesser, Alessandro Carosi, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Felicitas Pauss, L. Maraschi, Hajime Takami, Tomislav Terzić, E. De Cea del Pozo, and A. Domi´nguez
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Stereoscopy, Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, Neutron stars, law.invention, law, Gamma ray astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomia de raigs gamma, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Angular resolution, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Zenith, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Estels de neutrons, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPES, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, PULSAR, gamma-ray astronomy, Cherenkov telescopes, Crab Nebula, ARRAYS, ddc:540, FLARES, TEV, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Electricidad, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located in the Canary island of La Palma. Since autumn 2009 both telescopes have been working together in stereoscopic mode, providing a significant improvement with respect to the previous single-telescope observations. We use observations of the Crab Nebula taken at low zenith angles to assess the performance of the MAGIC stereo system. The trigger threshold of the MAGIC telescopes is 50-60 GeV. Advanced stereo analysis techniques allow MAGIC to achieve a sensitivity as good as (0.76 +/- 0.03)% of the Crab Nebula flux in 50 h of observations above 290 GeV. The angular resolution at those energies is better than ~0.07 degree. We also perform a detailed study of possible systematic effects which may influence the analysis of the data taken with the MAGIC telescopes., Comment: 15 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables, added run-by-run systematics study, and the study of angular resolution as the function of the distance to the camera centre, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2012

20. Phase-resolved energy spectra of the Crab pulsar in the range of 50-400 GeV measured with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: Adrian Biland, Aaron Dominguez, K. Berger, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, Fabio Zandanel, E. Colombo, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, Felix Spanier, Abelardo Moralejo, K. Saito, J. M. Paredes, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Victor Stamatescu, Stefano Covino, Antonio Stamerra, M. V. Fonseca, M. Uellenbeck, M. Shayduk, R. Reinthal, D. Eisenacher, V. Scalzotto, P. Antoranz, Oscar Blanch, Victor Zabalza, Christian Fruck, Patrick Vogler, Dominik Elsaesser, J. Moldón, Ignasi Reichardt, D. Dominis Prester, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Silvia Pardo, T. Schweizer, Damir Lelas, J. Storz, D. Häfner, M. Doert, Michael Backes, T. Jogler, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, O. Tibolla, B. Steinke, C. Delgado Mendez, Nina Nowak, L. A. Antonelli, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, P. Munar-Adrover, Francisco Prada, Dorota Sobczyńska, G. Maneva, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, S. Klepser, Mosè Mariotti, Daniel Ferenc, Jelena Aleksić, Francesco Dazzi, Daniela Dorner, Elisa Prandini, M. A. Perez-Torres, H. Vankov, A. Niedzwiecki, W. Bednarek, S. Rügamer, Diego F. Torres, Ilana M. Braun, M. Pilia, E. Leonardo, Juan Abel Barrio, Kari Nilsson, David Paneque, Fabrizio Tavecchio, M. Asensio, Aldo Treves, D. Borla Tridon, A. Sillanpää, I. Puljak, Masahiro Teshima, Petar Temnikov, Julian Sitarek, Ll. Font, Elisa Bernardini, H. Kellermann, A. Cañellas, E. De Cea del Pozo, Saverio Lombardi, Takashi Saito, Gianluca Giavitto, G. Bonnoli, Pierre Colin, R. J. García López, J. Pochon, Jose Luis Contreras, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Riccardo Paoletti, Dario Hrupec, Reiko Orito, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, Juan Cortina, M. A. Lopez, I. Snidaric, A. De Angelis, M. Salvati, Tomislav Terzić, J. Kushida, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, R. Mirzoyan, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Wolfgang Rhode, Daniel Nieto, Marc Ribó, A. Boller, L. Cossio, Artemio Herrero, M. Makariev, J. Rico, I. Puerto Gimenez, Roberta Zanin, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. I. Martínez, D. Tescaro, T. Krähenbühl, N. Strah, A. López-Oramas, Alessandro Carosi, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, Kouichi Hirotani, Hajime Takami, Andrei Berdyugin, G. De Caneva, C. Schultz, Massimo Persic, V. Scapin, E. A. Alvarez, Nikola Godinovic, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Karl Mannheim, Natalia Lewandowska, A. La Barbera, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, and A. Saggion
Subjects: Photon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, ACCELERATION, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, gamma rays: stars, pulsars: individual: Crab Pulsar, Raigs gamma, SLOT GAPS, Pulsar, NEBULA, OUTER MAGNETOSPHERE, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Pulsars, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Crab Pulsar, gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, Gamma rays, Compton scattering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, RADIATION, WIND, Stars, Estels, Púlsars, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We use 73 h of stereoscopic data taken with the MAGIC telescopes to investigate the very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission of the Crab pulsar. Our data show a highly significant pulsed signal in the energy range from 50 to 400 GeV in both the main pulse (P1) and the interpulse (P2) phase regions. We provide the widest spectra to date of the VHE components of both peaks, and these spectra extend to the energy range of satellite-borne observatories. The good resolution and background rejection of the stereoscopic MAGIC system allows us to cross-check the correctness of each spectral point of the pulsar by comparison with the corresponding (strong and well-known) Crab nebula flux. The spectra of both P1 and P2 are compatible with power laws with photon indices of 4.0 \pm 0.8 (P1) and 3.42 \pm 0.26 (P2), respectively, and the ratio P1/P2 between the photon counts of the two pulses is 0.54 \pm 0.12. The VHE emission can be understood as an additional component produced by the inverse Compton scattering of secondary and tertiary e\pm pairs on IR-UV photons., 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A on 16 February 2012
Published: 2012

21. Morphological and spectral properties of the W51 region measured with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Nikola Godinovic, Daniel Nieto, Adrian Biland, Gianluca Giavitto, A. González Muñoz, Hanna Kellermann, Takashi Saito, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, D. Dominis Prester, P. G. Prada Moroni, D. Häfner, O. Tibolla, T. Jogler, R. Reinthal, Nina Nowak, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, R. J. García López, J. Rico, Dominik Elsaesser, Francesco Dazzi, M. V. Fonseca, Reiko Orito, U. Barres de Almeida, Aaron Dominguez, Daniel Mazin, E. Leonardo, Silvia Pardo, J. Storz, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Giacomo Bonnoli, Christian Fruck, Damir Lelas, P. Munar-Adrover, M. A. Perez-Torres, Victor Stamatescu, Francisco Prada, M. I. Martínez, M. Asensio, A. Cañellas, J. Krause, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Massimo Persic, B. De Lotto, Dorota Sobczyńska, G. De Caneva, Louis Antonelli, B. Steinke, Victor Zabalza, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, Stefano Covino, T. Krähenbühl, Tihomir Surić, Tomislav Terzić, R. Mirzoyan, Riccardo Paoletti, D. Eisenacher, Daniela Dorner, S. Rügamer, N. Strah, E. Colombo, Ralph Bock, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, E. Prandini, K. Berger, S. Klepser, Juan Abel Barrio, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, L. O. Takalo, Jelena Aleksić, D. Tescaro, Masahiro Teshima, A. Boller, L. Cossio, A. Niedzwiecki, D. Borla Tridon, Aldo Treves, M. Salvati, Mosè Mariotti, Julian Sitarek, Marc Ribó, Elisa Bernardini, David Paneque, M. Uellenbeck, A. Sillanpää, Diego F. Torres, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, B. Huber, Artemio Herrero, V. Kadenius, Felix Spanier, A. De Angelis, Abelardo Moralejo, S. Paiano, Ignasi Reichardt, Saverio Lombardi, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, P. Temnikov, Hajime Takami, Daniel Ferenc, Karl Mannheim, Fabio Zandanel, P. Da Vela, Shan Sun, J. Pochon, G. Maneva, Natalia Lewandowska, F. Jankowski, I. Puerto Gimenez, A. La Barbera, T. Schweizer, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, D. Hildebrand, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, P. Antoranz, S. Partini, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, M. Doert, Michael Backes, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, Thomas Bretz, D. Garrido, S. N. Shore, M. Pilia, Jose Miguel Miranda, Wolfgang Rhode, E. De Cea del Pozo, V. Scalzotto, J. Moldón, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Kari Nilsson, Ll. Font, I. Snidaric, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Jose Luis Contreras, K. Saito, Juan Cortina, Patrick Vogler, and E. A. Alvarez
Subjects: Hadron, Astrophysics, MOLECULAR CLOUD, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar wind nebula, SUPERNOVA REMNANT W51C, Raigs gamma, MHZ, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Supernoves, Acceleradors de partícules, gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, Cosmic rays, Gamma ray, NONTHERMAL EMISSION, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS, ACCELERATION, DISCOVERY, RADIATION, Supernovae, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, acceleration of particles, gamma rays: general, ISM: supernova remnants, ISM: clouds, gamma rays: ISM, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Molecular cloud, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Particle accelerators, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The W51 complex hosts the supernova remnant W51C which is known to interact with the molecular clouds in the star forming region W51B. In addition, a possible pulsar wind nebula CXO J192318.5+140305 was found likely associated with the supernova remnant. Gamma-ray emission from this region was discovered by Fermi/LAT (between 0.2 and 50 GeV) and H.E.S.S. (>1 TeV). The spatial distribution of the events could not be used to pinpoint the location of the emission among the pulsar wind nebula, the supernova remnant shell and/or the molecular cloud. However, the modeling of the spectral energy distribution presented by the Fermi/LAT collaboration suggests a hadronic emission mechanism. We performed observations of the W51 complex with the MAGIC telescopes for more than 50 hours. The good angular resolution in the medium (few hundred GeV) to high (above 1 TeV) energies allow us to perform morphological studies. We detect an extended emission of very-high-energy gamma rays, with a significance of 11 standard deviations. We extend the spectrum from the highest Fermi/LAT energies to \sim 5 TeV and find that it follows a single power law with an index of 2.58 \pm 0.07stat \pm 0.22syst . The main part of the emission coincides with the shocked cloud region, while we find a feature extending towards the pulsar wind nebula. The possible contribution of the pulsar wind nebula, assuming a point-like source, shows no dependence on energy and it is about 20% of the overall emission. The broad band spectral energy distribution can be explained with a hadronic model that implies proton acceleration above 100 TeV. This result, together with the morphology of the source, tentatively suggests that we observe ongoing acceleration of ions in the interaction zone between supernova remnant and cloud. These results shed light on the long-standing problem of the origin of galactic cosmic rays., 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted by A&A, corresponding authors: J. Krause, I Reichardt, E. Carmona
Published: 2012
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22. FACT - The first G-APD Cherenkov telescope (first results)

Author: T. Bretz, D. Dorner, M. Backes, A. Biland, J. Buß, V. Commichau, L. Djambazov, D. Eisenacher, O. Grimm, H. von Gunten, D. Hildebrand, T. Krähenbühl, W. Lustermann, E. Lyard, K. Mannheim, D. Neise, A.-K. Overkemping, A. Paravac, F. Pauss, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, U. Röser, J.-P. Stucki, F. Temme, J. Thaele, S. Tobler, P. Vogler, R. Walter, Q. Weitzel, M. Zänglein, Aharonian, Fa, Hofmann, W, and Rieger, Fm
Subjects: Photomultiplier, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FACT, IACT, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, MPPC, Biasing, G-APD, Gamma-ray astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, Optoelectronics, business, Sensitivity (electronics)
Abstract: In October 2011, the first air-Cherenkov telescope utilizing Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes commenced operations. The silicon-based devices display several advantages compared to classical photomultiplier tubes allowing for a more compact camera design of higher reliability, lower power consumption and bias voltage, and better prospects for improving the photon detection efficiency. Here, the first physics results are presented from a few months of data taking. Although still preliminary, the results already show a superb fidelity of the data, demonstrating the potential of avalanche photodiodes for ground-based gamma ray astronomy. The stability and high sensitivity are ideal for remote monitoring observations of variable gamma-ray sources.
Published: 2012

23. MAGIC observations of the giant radio galaxy M 87 in a low-emission state between 2005 and 2007

Author: Jose Luis Contreras, T. Schweizer, M. A. Perez-Torres, Juan Cortina, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, P. Antoranz, Daniel Nieto, K. Saito, Daniel Mazin, D. Dominis Prester, Hanna Kellermann, A. Cañellas, D. Hadasch, Daniela Dorner, Stefano Covino, Abelardo Moralejo, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, M. Pilia, Patrick Vogler, Francisco Prada, E. A. Alvarez, A. López-Oramas, Takashi Saito, Masahiro Teshima, M. Doert, Michael Backes, R. Mirzoyan, Giacomo Bonnoli, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, L. A. Antonelli, K. Berger, Tomislav Terzić, M. Gaug, Reiko Orito, A. La Barbera, Mosè Mariotti, A. Sillanpää, M. V. Fonseca, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, M. Asensio, P. Temnikov, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Aaron Dominguez, A. Boller, L. Cossio, Felicitas Pauss, Wolfgang Rhode, Elisa Bernardini, Dario Hrupec, Felix Spanier, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Christian Fruck, Artemio Herrero, D. Garrido, Ll. Font, Julian Sitarek, Nikola Godinovic, J. Moldón, Jose Miguel Miranda, Victor Zabalza, B. Huber, Ivica Puljak, M. Uellenbeck, Pierre Colin, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, I. Snidaric, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, B. Steinke, M. A. Lopez, J. Hose, M. I. Martínez, R. J. García López, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, C. Delgado Mendez, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Riccardo Paoletti, E. Colombo, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, E. De Cea del Pozo, Karl Mannheim, S. Rügamer, D. Tescaro, Juan Abel Barrio, Fabio Zandanel, Ralph Bock, J. M. Paredes, M. Salvati, S. Klepser, Antonio Stamerra, Andrei Berdyugin, L. O. Takalo, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, D. Borla Tridon, Victor Stamatescu, Gianluca Giavitto, M. Shayduk, Diego F. Torres, C. Schultz, D. Häfner, M. Pasanen, Martin Makariev, A. De Angelis, J. Becerra González, J. Storz, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Oscar Blanch, P. Munar-Adrover, T. Jogler, Mario Meucci, Ignasi Reichardt, V. Scapin, Hajime Takami, Gabriele Ghisellini, Daniel Ferenc, H. Vankov, Francesco Dazzi, Ilana M. Braun, Silvia Pardo, Marc Ribó, Konstancja Satalecka, E. Leonardo, Michele Doro, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, G. Maneva, A. Saggion, David Paneque, Adrian Biland, Roberta Zanin, J. Rico, Kari Nilsson, V. Scalzotto, P. G. Prada Moroni, Massimo Persic, T. Krähenbühl, O. Tibolla, N. Strah, G. De Caneva, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, Damir Lelas, and Dorota Sobczyńska
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, galaxies: individual: M 87, Telescope, law, Observacions astronòmiques, Gamma ray astronomy, 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, Astronomia de raigs gamma, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, ddc:520, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomical observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results of a long M87 monitoring campaign in very high energy $\gamma$-rays with the MAGIC-I Cherenkov telescope. We aim to model the persistent non-thermal jet emission by monitoring and characterizing the very high energy $\gamma$-ray emission of M87 during a low state. A total of 150\,h of data were taken between 2005 and 2007 with the single MAGIC-I telescope, out of which 128.6\,h survived the data quality selection. We also collected data in the X-ray and \textit{Fermi}--LAT bands from the literature (partially contemporaneous). No flaring activity was found during the campaign. The source was found to be in a persistent low-emission state, which was at a confidence level of $7\sigma$. We present the spectrum between 100\,GeV and 2\,TeV, which is consistent with a simple power law with a photon index $\Gamma=2.21\pm0.21$ and a flux normalization at 300\,GeV of $(7.7\pm1.3) \times 10^{-8}$ TeV$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$ m$^{-2}$. The extrapolation of the MAGIC spectrum into the GeV energy range matches the previously published \textit{Fermi}--LAT spectrum well, covering a combined energy range of four orders of magnitude with the same spectral index. We model the broad band energy spectrum with a spine layer model, which can satisfactorily describe our data., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; A&A Journal version, fixed typo in the author list
Published: 2012

24. Detection of very-high energy gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275 by the MAGIC telescopes

Author: H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, E. De Cea del Pozo, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Ruben Lopez-Coto, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, T. Jogler, Abelardo Moralejo, Wolfgang Rhode, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, J. Moldón, K. Saito, M. V. Fonseca, A. De Angelis, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, D. Dominis Prester, T. Krähenbühl, P. Munar-Adrover, Patrick Vogler, Francesco Dazzi, R. Reinthal, A. Cañellas, Ignasi Reichardt, Stefano Covino, L. A. Antonelli, M. Doert, Michael Backes, Victor Stamatescu, E. Leonardo, B. Steinke, Konstancja Satalecka, Dominik Elsaesser, N. Strah, Michele Doro, U. Barres de Almeida, G. Maneva, R. Zanin, Jelena Aleksić, Francisco Prada, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, A. Saggion, A. Niedzwiecki, Damir Lelas, Fabrizio Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, Adrian Biland, David Paneque, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, I. Snidaric, Silvia Pardo, J. Rico, S. Rügamer, Daniel Nieto, Kari Nilsson, R. J. García López, Juan Abel Barrio, Dorota Sobczyńska, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, D. Borla Tridon, Riccardo Paoletti, Daniela Dorner, K. Berger, M. Uellenbeck, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, G. De Caneva, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Daniel Mazin, Massimo Persic, Diego F. Torres, E. A. Alvarez, M. Pilia, P. G. Prada Moroni, T. Schweizer, E. Prandini, V. Scalzotto, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, O. Tibolla, Felix Spanier, Christoph Pfrommer, M. Shayduk, J. Storz, Elisa Bernardini, Nikola Godinovic, Aldo Treves, H. Kellermann, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, P. Antoranz, Masahiro Teshima, Takashi Saito, Marc Ribó, Gianluca Giavitto, Jose Luis Contreras, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, M. Salvati, S. Klepser, Reiko Orito, Juan Cortina, Martin Makariev, A. Sillanpää, Julian Sitarek, Oscar Blanch, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, C. Fruck, J. Kushida, Anders Pinzke, Andrei Berdyugin, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Tomislav Terzić, Aaron Dominguez, Victor Zabalza, Giacomo Bonnoli, M. Asensio, L. Font, Hajime Takami, I. Puerto Gimenez, E. Colombo, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Ralph Bock, A. Boller, L. Cossio, L. O. Takalo, Mosè Mariotti, Artemio Herrero, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, D. Häfner, M. I. Martínez, D. Tescaro, R. Mirzoyan, D. Eisenacher, Natalia Lewandowska, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Nina Nowak, A. La Barbera, M. A. Perez-Torres, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, and Daniel Ferenc
Subjects: POLARIZATION, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, NGC-1275, Flux, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Raigs gamma, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, galaxies: individual (NGC 1275), galaxies: individual (IC 310), gamma rays: galaxies, Nuclear Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, CRAB-NEBULA, GALAXY M87, IC 310, PERFORMANCE, DISCOVERY, EVOLUTION, VERITAS, astro-ph.HE, Physics, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Light curve, Galaxy, Galàxies, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on the detection of very-high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275, the central radio galaxy of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. The source has been detected by the MAGIC telescopes with a statistical significance of 6.6 sigma above 100 GeV in 46 hr of stereo observations carried out between August 2010 and February 2011. The measured differential energy spectrum between 70 GeV and 500 GeV can be described by a power law with a steep spectral index of \Gamma=-4.1+/-0.7stat+/-0.3syst, and the average flux above 100 GeV is F_{gamma}=(1.3+/-0.2stat+/-0.3syst) x 10^-11 cm^-2 s^-1. These results, combined with the power-law spectrum measured in the first two years of observations by the Fermi-LAT above 100 MeV, with a spectral index of Gamma ~ -2.1, strongly suggest the presence of a break or cut-off around tens of GeV in the NGC 1275 spectrum. The light curve of the source above 100 GeV does not show hints of variability on a month time scale. Finally, we report on the nondetection in the present data of the radio galaxy IC 310, previously discovered by the Fermi-LAT and MAGIC. The derived flux upper limit F^{U.L.}_{gamma} (>300 GeV)=1.2 x 10^-12 cm^-2 s^-1 is a factor ~ 3 lower than the mean flux measured by MAGIC between October 2009 and February 2010, thus confirming the year time-scale variability of the source at VHE., Comment: Corresponding authors are S. Lombardi, P. Colin, D. Hildebrand, and F. Zandanel. Published in A&A; 4 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2012

25. Constraining cosmic rays and magnetic fields in the Perseus galaxy cluster with TeV observations by the MAGIC telescopes

Author: S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, V. Scalzotto, Silvia Pardo, G. De Caneva, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, D. Dominis Prester, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Francisco Prada, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Marc Ribó, J. Krause, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, A. Sillanpää, M. V. Fonseca, J. Storz, Kari Nilsson, B. De Lotto, Riccardo Paoletti, M. Doert, Michael Backes, P. Temnikov, Fabio Zandanel, Shan Sun, J. Kushida, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, Christian Fruck, E. A. Alvarez, L. A. Antonelli, K. Berger, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, P. Munar-Adrover, P. Antoranz, B. Steinke, Jose Luis Contreras, Stefano Covino, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, T. Jogler, Daniela Hadasch, Anders Pinzke, S. Klepser, Juan Cortina, R. Reinthal, Nikola Godinovic, M. Pilia, Wolfgang Rhode, Dominik Elsaesser, Abelardo Moralejo, E. Colombo, U. Barres de Almeida, Damir Lelas, Felix Spanier, Daniel Ferenc, Daniel Nieto, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Masahiro Teshima, Dorota Sobczyńska, J. Moldón, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, H. Vankov, Ralph Bock, Christoph Pfrommer, L. O. Takalo, M. Uellenbeck, D. Borla Tridon, R. Mirzoyan, Ilana M. Braun, T. Schweizer, Tomislav Terzić, D. Eisenacher, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ll. Font, A. Cañellas, D. Häfner, M. Salvati, I. Snidaric, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Giacomo Bonnoli, Mosè Mariotti, E. De Cea del Pozo, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, M. Asensio, Victor Stamatescu, Dario Hrupec, Saverio Lombardi, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Jelena Aleksić, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, J. Pochon, M. A. Lopez, K. Saito, Daniel Mazin, A. Niedzwiecki, Patrick Vogler, Diego F. Torres, David Paneque, Nina Nowak, Takashi Saito, M. A. Perez-Torres, Reiko Orito, I. Puerto Gimenez, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. I. Martínez, D. Tescaro, A. Boller, L. Cossio, Artemio Herrero, Natalia Lewandowska, Daniela Dorner, A. La Barbera, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, Elisa Bernardini, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, H. Kellermann, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, C. Delgado Mendez, S. R. Gozzini, Gianluca Giavitto, A. De Angelis, P. G. Prada Moroni, Ignasi Reichardt, O. Tibolla, M. Shayduk, Francesco Dazzi, G. Maneva, R. J. García López, E. Leonardo, R. Zanin, A. Saggion, Massimo Persic, Adrian Biland, T. Krähenbühl, N. Strah, J. Rico, Andrei Berdyugin, A. López-Oramas, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, C. Schultz, Ruben Lopez-Coto, V. Scapin, D. Garrido, Aaron Dominguez, Jose Miguel Miranda, Victor Zabalza, and Hajime Takami
Subjects: Radio galaxy, gamma rays: galaxies: clusters, acceleration of particles, galaxies: clusters: individual: Perseus, Astrophysics, SCALING RELATIONS, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Raigs gamma, DIFFUSE RADIO-EMISSION, HADRONIC MODELS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS, GAMMA-RAY, X-RAY, COMA CLUSTER, DARK-MATTER, INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM, HESS OBSERVATIONS, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Clusters of galaxies, Cosmic rays, gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 16. Peace & justice, Magnetic field, astro-ph.CO, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cúmuls de galàxies, Structure formation, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Cherenkov radiation, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galàxies, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520
Abstract: Galaxy clusters are being assembled today in the most energetic phase of hierarchical structure formation which manifests itself in powerful shocks that contribute to a substantial energy density of cosmic rays (CRs). Hence, clusters are expected to be luminous gamma-ray emitters since they also act as energy reservoirs for additional CR sources, such as active galactic nuclei and supernova-driven galactic winds. To detect the gamma-ray emission from CR interactions with the ambient cluster gas, we conducted the deepest to date observational campaign targeting a galaxy cluster at very high-energy gamma-rays and observed the Perseus cluster with the MAGIC Cherenkov telescopes for a total of ~85 hr of effective observing time. This campaign resulted in the detection of the central radio galaxy NGC 1275 at energies E > 100 GeV with a very steep energy spectrum. Here, we restrict our analysis to energies E > 630 GeV and detect no significant gamma-ray excess. This constrains the average CR-to-thermal pressure ratio to be 4-9 microG, depending on the rate of decline of the magnetic field strength toward larger radii., Corresponding authors are F. Zandanel, C. Pfrommer, P. Colin, A. Pinzke and S. Lombardi. Accepted for publication in A&A on 06/03/2012
Published: 2012

26. Discovery of VHEγ-ray emission from the BL Lacertae object B3 2247+381 with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: Silvia Pardo, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, M. I. Martínez, M. Uellenbeck, Riccardo Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, J. Storz, D. Dominis Prester, S. Buson, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Francisco Prada, Andrei Berdyugin, T. Krähenbühl, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, M. V. Fonseca, M. Salvati, M. A. Perez-Torres, D. Tescaro, R. Reinthal, C. Schultz, G. De Caneva, Dominik Elsaesser, Daniela Dorner, A. Sillanpää, N. Strah, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, J. Rico, V. Scapin, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, V. Kadenius, S. Klepser, A. De Angelis, Karl Mannheim, E. A. Alvarez, Christian Fruck, Damir Lelas, K. Berger, M. Shayduk, Ignasi Reichardt, P. Temnikov, Fabio Zandanel, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, B. Steinke, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, G. Maneva, Dorota Sobczyńska, A. Boller, David Paneque, L. Cossio, L. Font, T. Schweizer, J. Becerra González, Tomislav Terzić, P. Munar-Adrover, Daniel Mazin, A. Saggion, Nikola Godinovic, Diego F. Torres, Felix Spanier, M. Pasanen, Adrian Biland, S. Rügamer, A. Cañellas, Juan Abel Barrio, Mario Meucci, A. López-Oramas, Artemio Herrero, Hajime Takami, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Roberta Zanin, D. Borla Tridon, Abelardo Moralejo, E. Prandini, Aaron Dominguez, Felicitas Pauss, Elisa Bernardini, R. Mirzoyan, D. Garrido, Masahiro Teshima, B. Huber, Jose Miguel Miranda, H. Kellermann, Julian Sitarek, Marc Ribó, Aldo Treves, Stefano Covino, J. Hose, Matthias Weidinger, Victor Zabalza, Konstancja Satalecka, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Michele Doro, R. J. García López, Daniela Hadasch, C. Delgado Mendez, Daniel Nieto, P. Antoranz, A. La Barbera, Massimo Persic, Victor Stamatescu, Gianluca Giavitto, Giacomo Bonnoli, M. Asensio, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Wolfgang Rhode, E. De Cea del Pozo, J. Moldón, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, L. A. Antonelli, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, I. Snidaric, P. G. Prada Moroni, O. Tibolla, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, T. Jogler, Francesco Dazzi, E. Leonardo, K. Saito, Daniel Ferenc, E. Colombo, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Mosè Mariotti, Patrick Vogler, V. Scalzotto, Saverio Lombardi, S. Partini, J. Pochon, D. Höhne-Mönch, D. Häfner, Kari Nilsson, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, Martin Makariev, Takashi Saito, Oscar Blanch, Reiko Orito, M. Doert, Michael Backes, and M. Pilia
Subjects: Photon, Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission, SAMPLE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, MISSION, BEPPOSAX, SPECTRA, CATALOG, BLAZARS, NUCLEI, QUASAR, Flux, Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Electricidad, BL Lac object, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We study the non-thermal jet emission of the BL Lac object B3 2247+381 during a high optical state. The MAGIC telescopes observed the source during 13 nights between September 30th and October 30th 2010, collecting a total of 14.2 hours of good quality very high energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray data. Simultaneous multiwavelength data was obtained with X-ray observations by the Swift satellite and optical R-band observations at the KVA-telescope. We also use high energy $\gamma$-ray (HE, 0.1 GeV-100 GeV) data from the Fermi satellite. The BL Lac object B3 2247+381 (z=0.119) was detected, for the first time, at VHE $\gamma$-rays at a statistical significance of 5.6 $\sigma$. A soft VHE spectrum with a photon index of -3.2 $\pm$ 0.6 was determined. No significant short term flux variations were found. We model the spectral energy distribution using a one-zone SSC-model, which can successfully describe our data.
Published: 2012

27. FACT: A novel camera for Cherenkov telescopes for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy

Author: Ulf Roser, Oliver Grimm, Daniela Dorner, Etienne Lyard, H. Anderhub, C. Farnier, M. Lee, Adrian Biland, Michael Backes, G. Viertel, Ilana M. Braun, O. Tibolla, V. Commichau, M. Meharga, J. Schneider, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, H. von Gunten, A.-K. Overkemping, A. Gendotti, R. Rohlfs, D. Hildebrand, A. Boller, T. Krähenbühl, Felicitas Pauss, K. Warda, Patrick Vogler, Julia Thaele, R. Walter, E. Lorenz, M. Ribordy, Q. Weitzel, J.-P. Stucki, Jean-Philippe Lenain, L. Djambazov, Karl Mannheim, B. Huber, D. Neise, Dieter Renker, Thomas Bretz, B. Krumm, Wolfgang Rhode, Werner Lustermann, J.-H. Köhne, K. S. Kim, and U. Horisberger
Subjects: Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, IACT, Gamma-ray astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Nuclear electronics, Telescope mount, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The field of gamma-ray astronomy has expanded rapidly during the last decade. In the energy regime from 100 GeV up to several TeV, Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) are the most sensitive detectors. Presently all IACTs use photomultiplier tubes for light detection, but for future projects Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiodes (G-APD) are very promising alternatives. In order to demonstrate their potential, the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) collaboration has constructed an IACT camera comprising 1440 G-APDs. By means of specially designed light concentrators the collection area of each sensor is enlarged. The entire electronics for analog signal processing, digitization and triggering is fully integrated into the camera body. Event data are sent via Ethernet to the counting house. The FACT camera was installed during fall 2011 at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on La Palma, Canary Islands (Spain), on a refurbished telescope mount.
Published: 2011

28. Searches for Dark Matter annihilation signatures in the Segue 1 satellite galaxy with the MAGIC-I telescope

Author: E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, P. Antoranz, Jose Luis Contreras, Juan Cortina, Ignasi Reichardt, Ivica Puljak, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, V. Scalzotto, Pierre Colin, D. Dominis Prester, Silvia Pardo, Takashi Saito, G. Maneva, Masahiro Teshima, Kari Nilsson, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Dario Hrupec, R. Zanin, R. Essig, A. De Angelis, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, T. Jogler, E. Colombo, Daniel Mazin, J. Moldón, Reiko Orito, M. A. Lopez, Francisco Prada, Ralph Bock, E. A. Alvarez, K. Saito, M. Doert, Riccardo Paoletti, Fabio Zandanel, M. Salvati, L. O. Takalo, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, R. Reinthal, R. Mirzoyan, Stefano Covino, A. Sillanpää, M. Thom, M. Shayduk, Dominik Elsaesser, Diego F. Torres, Daniel Nieto, Nikola Godinovic, M. Pasanen, T. Schweizer, Julian Sitarek, Damir Lelas, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, K. Berger, J. Hose, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, J. M. Paredes, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Abelardo Moralejo, P. G. Prada Moroni, Dorota Sobczyńska, Neelima Sehgal, Michael Backes, Daniela Hadasch, C. Fruck, Antonio Stamerra, Patrick Vogler, P. Munar-Adrover, Markus Garczarczyk, A. Cañellas, D. Häfner, O. Tibolla, L. A. Antonelli, Daniel Ferenc, Louis E. Strigari, Wolfgang Rhode, J. Storz, Konstancja Satalecka, Francesco Dazzi, E. De Cea del Pozo, H. Vankov, M. Asensio, M. Pilia, E. Leonardo, Mosè Mariotti, Ilana M. Braun, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Felix Spanier, Ll. Font, G. Bonnoli, Marc Ribó, E. Carmona, J. Rico, Mattia Fornasa, Saverio Lombardi, M. A. Perez-Torres, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, J. Pochon, Hajime Takami, Tomislav Terzić, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Aaron Dominguez, Felicitas Pauss, D. Hildebrand, Victor Zabalza, L. Peruzzo, M. I. Martínez, D. Garrido, M. V. Fonseca, Jose Miguel Miranda, B. Steinke, D. Tescaro, A. Boller, L. Cossio, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, Artemio Herrero, Andrei Berdyugin, C. Schultz, V. Scapin, Michele Doro, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, David Paneque, Gianluca Giavitto, Daniela Dorner, Petar Temnikov, Elisa Bernardini, C. Delgado Mendez, J. Becerra González, Mario Meucci, A. La Barbera, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, B. Huber, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, T. Krähenbühl, S. Klepser, N. Strah, R. J. García López, and Massimo Persic
Subjects: SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY, DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES, ENERGIES, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma ray experiments, Astrophysics, Parameter space, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, FERMI, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Positron, ddc:670, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite galaxy, Emission spectrum, GALACTIC SATELLITES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Annihilation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, dark matter experiments, CONSTRAINTS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Segue, Estels nans, dwarfs galaxies, dwarf galaxies, Dark matter (Astronomy), Dwarf stars, MILKY-WAY HALO, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Matèria fosca (Astronomia), GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, PARTICLE, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report the results of the observation of the nearby satellite galaxy Segue 1 performed by the MAGIC-I ground-based gamma-ray telescope between November 2008 and March 2009 for a total of 43.2 hours. No significant gamma-ray emission was found above the background. Differential upper limits on the gamma-ray flux are derived assuming various power-law slopes for the possible emission spectrum. Integral upper limits are also calculated for several power-law spectra and for different energy thresholds. The values are of the order of 10^{-11} ph cm^{-2}$ s^{-1} above 100 GeV and 10^{-12} ph cm^{-2} s^{-1} above 200 GeV. Segue 1 is currently considered one of the most interesting targets for indirect dark matter searches. In these terms, the upper limits have been also interpreted in the context of annihilating dark matter particles. For such purpose, we performed a grid scan over a reasonable portion of the parameter space for the minimal SuperGravity model and computed the flux upper limit for each point separately, taking fully into account the peculiar spectral features of each model. We found that in order to match the experimental upper limits with the model predictions, a minimum flux boost of 10^{3} is required, and that the upper limits are quite dependent on the shape of the gamma-ray energy spectrum predicted by each specific model. Finally we compared the upper limits with the predictions of some dark matter models able to explain the PAMELA rise in the positron ratio, finding that Segue 1 data are in tension with the dark matter explanation of the PAMELA spectrum in the case of a dark matter candidate annihilating into tau+tau-. A complete exclusion however is not possible due to the uncertainties in the Segue 1 astrophysical factor., Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures. Matched to published version
Published: 2011
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29. GAMMA-RAY EXCESS FROM A STACKED SAMPLE OF HIGH- AND INTERMEDIATE-FREQUENCY PEAKED BLAZARS OBSERVED WITH THE MAGIC TELESCOPE

Author: Daniel Ferenc, M. Camara, Jose Luis Contreras, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, Daniel Nieto, D. Bose, Dominik Elsaesser, Juan Cortina, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, Pratik Majumdar, A. Sillanpää, M. V. Fonseca, Dorota Sobczyńska, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, M. Rissi, Daniela Dorner, Abelardo Moralejo, Javier Moldon, Stefano Covino, J. C. Struebig, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, Dario Hrupec, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Roberta Zanin, B. Steinke, M. López, J. Rico, D. Dominis Prester, A. De Angelis, R. K. Bock, Petar Temnikov, D. Tescaro, A. La Barbera, Elisa Bernardini, B. De Lotto, S. Klepser, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Mariano Moles, E. Prandini, Kari Nilsson, Marc Ribó, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, Francisco Prada, L. A. Antonelli, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, M. T. Costado, Ignasi Reichardt, M. I. Martínez, A. Herrero, V. Scapin, D. Borla Tridon, A. Laille, O. Tibolla, R. J. García López, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Riccardo Paoletti, Tihomir Surić, Giacomo Bonnoli, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, F. De Sabata, Daniel Kranich, L. Maraschi, Ll. Font, V. Scalzotto, Elina Lindfors, Andrei Berdyugin, T. Jogler, Pol Bordas, K. Berger, G. Maneva, Daniel Mazin, D. Pascoli, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Saggion, S. Paiano, R. G. Pegna, Karl Mannheim, Masahiro Teshima, Adrian Biland, Markus Gaug, C. Delgado Mendez, L. O. Takalo, R. de los Reyes, R. Mirzoyan, C. Schultz, Manel Errando, J. Becerra González, Felix Spanier, Wolfgang Rhode, Jelena Ninkovic, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Mosè Mariotti, Mario Meucci, Francesco Dazzi, Fabio Zandanel, Takashi Saito, Massimo Persic, C. C. Hsu, E. Leonardo, D. Britzger, Nikola Godinovic, Tomislav Terzić, Reiko Orito, M. Sánchez-Conde, M. De Maria, Aaron Dominguez, Felicitas Pauss, Saverio Lombardi, Victor Zabalza, T. Schweizer, N. Puchades, T. Krähenbühl, M. Salvati, M. Shayduk, E. De Cea del Pozo, P. Antoranz, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, S. Partini, Francesco Longo, D. Höhne-Mönch, Oscar Blanch, Robert Wagner, M. Doert, Michael Backes, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, C. Baixeras, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, S. Commichau, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Jose Miguel Miranda, J., Aleksic, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, Gonzalez, J., W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, Tridon, D., V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, D., Britzger, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, Angelis, A., Cea, E., Los, R., Lotto, B., Maria, M., Sabata, F., Mendez, C., M., Doert, A., Dom\inguez, Prester, D., D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, R. J., Garc\ia, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., H\ohne M\onch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, C. C., Hsu, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Kr\ahenb\uhl, D., Kranich, Barbera, A., A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Mart\inez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, R., Orito, I., Oya, S., Paiano, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, S., R\ugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanp\a\a, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, O., Tibolla, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, and R., Zanin
Subjects: CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Standard deviation, BL-LAC OBJECTS, HESS, gamma rays: galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, BL lacertae objects, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Range (particle radiation), BL Lacertae objects: general, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, general [BL Lacertae objects], Gamma ray, CONSTRAINTS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, CRAB-NEBULA, MODEL, Crab Nebula, gamma rays: observations, Intermediate frequency, Space and Planetary Science, JET, DISCOVERY, galaxies [gamma rays], RADIATION, Electrónica, Física nuclear, EMISSION, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: 14 páginas, 6 figuras, 4 tablas.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv:1002.2951v3.-- MAGIC Collaboration: et al., Between 2004 and 2009, a sample of 28 X-ray selected high- and intermediate-frequency peaked blazars with an X-ray flux larger than 2 μJy at 1 keV in the redshift range from 0.018 to 0.361 was observed with the MAGIC telescope at energies above 100 GeV. Seven among them were detected and the results of these observations are discussed elsewhere. Here we concentrate on the remaining 21 blazars which were not detected during this observation campaign and present the 3σ (99.7%) confidence upper limits on their flux. The individual flux upper limits lie between 1.6% and 13.6% of the integral flux from the Crab Nebula. Applying a stacking method to the sample of non-detections with a total of 394.1 hr exposure time, we find evidence for an excess with a cumulative significance of 4.9 standard deviations. It is not dominated by individual objects or flares, but increases linearly with the observation time as for a constant source with an integral flux level of ~1.5% of that observed from the Crab Nebula above 150 GeV., The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Polish MNiSzW Grant N N203 390834, by the YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, and by grant DO02-353 of the the Bulgarian National Science Fund.
Published: 2011

30. A search for Very High Energy gamma-ray emission from Sco X-1 with the MAGIC telescopes

Author: Daniel Ferenc, Abelardo Moralejo, H. Vankov, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Ilana M. Braun, Daniel Mazin, L. A. Antonelli, E. Prandini, Aldo Treves, Michael Backes, Hiroko Miyamoto, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Aaron Dominguez, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, Felicitas Pauss, A. Saggion, J. Moldón, Adrian Biland, T. Jogler, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, Tomislav Terzić, Igor Oya, Jelena Aleksić, Stefano Covino, Ivica Puljak, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Silvia Pardo, Victor Zabalza, Pierre Colin, Ll. Font, Takashi Saito, Giacomo Bonnoli, M. Shayduk, Julian Sitarek, E. A. Alvarez, J. Hose, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, E. Colombo, M. Pilia, Daniela Hadasch, R. Zanin, Reiko Orito, M. Asensio, S. Partini, David Paneque, J. Becerra González, R. Reinthal, Ralph Bock, D. Höhne-Mönch, T. Schweizer, Dominik Elsaesser, L. O. Takalo, Daniel Nieto, Damir Lelas, Jose Luis Contreras, A. Cañellas, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, K. Berger, Nikola Godinovic, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Dorota Sobczyńska, Hajime Takami, P. Munar-Adrover, Mario Meucci, E. De Cea del Pozo, Fabio Zandanel, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Juan Cortina, D. Häfner, E. Carmona, A. De Angelis, Martin Makariev, Andrei Berdyugin, Oscar Blanch, Ignasi Reichardt, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, Masahiro Teshima, Felix Spanier, C. Schultz, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, V. Scapin, Gianluca Giavitto, P. Antoranz, G. Maneva, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Mosè Mariotti, D. Dominis Prester, Kari Nilsson, M. Salvati, Saverio Lombardi, A. Sillanpää, M. V. Fonseca, M. Thom, J. Pochon, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Wolfgang Rhode, Tihomir Surić, Francesco Dazzi, Daniela Dorner, V. Scalzotto, Francisco Prada, Christian Fruck, Pol Bordas, E. Leonardo, Karl Mannheim, Petar Temnikov, B. Steinke, Elisa Bernardini, P. G. Prada Moroni, A. La Barbera, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, J. M. Paredes, C. Delgado Mendez, O. Tibolla, R. Mirzoyan, Antonio Stamerra, D. Borla Tridon, K. Saito, Patrick Vogler, Markus Garczarczyk, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, J. Storz, M. A. Perez-Torres, Riccardo Paoletti, J. Rico, M. Doert, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. I. Martínez, D. Tescaro, A. Boller, L. Cossio, Artemio Herrero, Marc Ribó, B. Huber, T. Krähenbühl, S. Klepser, N. Strah, R. J. García López, Massimo Persic, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, gamma rays: stars, 01 natural sciences, MICROQUASAR, X-rays: binaries, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, FIELD, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particles, Estels binaris de raigs X, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, acceleration of particles — X-rays: binaries — Stars: individual (Sco X-1) — Gamma rays: stars, RADIO, Acceleradors de partícules, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, BINARY, PULSAR, Horizontal branch, EVOLUTION, Particle accelerators, X-ray binaries, stars: individual: Sco X-1, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, DISCOVERY, Power ratio, X-RAY, RADIATION, Electrónica, Física nuclear, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Raigs X, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The acceleration of particles up to GeV or higher energies in microquasars has been the subject of considerable theoretical and observational efforts in the past few years. Sco X-1 is a microquasar from which evidence of highly energetic particles in the jet has been found when it is in the so-called Horizontal Branch (HB), a state when the radio and hard X-ray fluxes are higher and a powerful relativistic jet is present. Here we present the first very high energy gamma-ray observations of Sco X-1 obtained with the MAGIC telescopes. An analysis of the whole dataset does not yield a significant signal, with 95% CL flux upper limits above 300 GeV at the level of 2.4x10^{-12} ph/cm^2/s. Simultaneous RXTE observations were conducted to search for TeV emission during particular X-ray states of the source. A selection of the gamma-ray data obtained during the HB based on the X-ray colors did not yield a signal either, with an upper limit of 3.4x10^{-12} ph/cm^2/s. These upper limits place a constraint on the maximum TeV luminosity to non-thermal X-ray luminosity of L_{VHE}/L_{ntX}, 5 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Version as published in ApJL
Published: 2011

31. MAGIC Observations and multiwavelength properties of the quasar 3C 279 in 2007 and 2009

Author: Silvia Pardo, Nikola Godinovic, M. Shayduk, P. Majumdar, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, L. Font, Roberta Zanin, M. Doert, Stefano Covino, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Daniela Dorner, Michael Backes, K. Berger, M. V. Fonseca, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, A. De Angelis, P. Antoranz, Daniela Hadasch, R. Reinthal, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Daniel Ferenc, Tomislav Terzić, C. Fruck, Marc Ribó, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, Ignasi Reichardt, H. Vankov, Riccardo Paoletti, Aaron Dominguez, D. Tescaro, D. Garrido, V. Scalzotto, Dominik Elsaesser, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, M. I. Martínez, P. G. Prada Moroni, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, E. Colombo, A. Cañellas, A.Sillapää, Jose Miguel Miranda, Felicitas Pauss, B. Steinke, Ilana M. Braun, G. Maneva, Damir Lelas, K. Saito, Elisa Bernardini, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, O. Tibolla, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, M. Pilia, Giacomo Bonnoli, Victor Zabalza, Felix Spanier, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, C. Delgado Mendez, Ralph Bock, Karl Mannheim, Daniel Mazin, L. O. Takalo, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, S. Partini, Jose Luis Contreras, D. Borla Tridon, Francesco Dazzi, D. Dominis Prester, Takashi Saito, J. Storz, Dorota Sobczyńska, Masahiro Teshima, Juan Cortina, E. Leonardo, Francisco Prada, Reiko Orito, J. Becerra González, V. Scapin, Mosè Mariotti, P. Temnikov, Gianluca Giavitto, Fabio Zandanel, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Daniel Nieto, T. Schweizer, Dario Hrupec, Mario Meucci, E. Prandini, J. Rico, Kari Nilsson, M. A. Lopez, Aldo Treves, B. Huber, R. J. García López, A. La Barbera, Ivica Puljak, Pierre Colin, Saverio Lombardi, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Andrei Berdyugin, A. Boller, L. Cossio, J. Moldón, Artemio Herrero, J. Pochon, Massimo Persic, M.Rüger, C. Schultz, D. Häfner, T. Krähenbühl, T. Jogler, N. Strah, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Wolfgang Rhode, E. De Cea del Pozo, M. Salvati, M. Thom, M. A. Perez-Torres, R. Mirzoyan, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, S. Klepser, Abelardo Moralejo, Patrick Vogler, L. A. Antonelli, Igor Oya, and Fabrizio Tavecchio
Subjects: galaxies [Gamma rays], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, quasars: individual: 3C 279, law.invention, Raigs gamma, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE, Quasars: individual: 3C 279, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, VARIABILITY, Gamma rays: galaxies, OPTICAL CONTINUUM, astro-ph.CO, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, OBJECTS, Electricidad, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Flare, GAMMA-RAY FLARE, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), individual: 3C 279 [Quasars], 0103 physical sciences, Quasars, Quàsars, ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Quasar, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Galaxies, BLAZARS, Physics::History of Physics, Galàxies, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, JET, ddc:520, RADIATION, EMISSION, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 11 páginas, 11 figuras, 4 tablas.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv:1101.2522v2.-- MAGIC Collaboration: et al., [Context]: 3C 279, the first quasar discovered to emit VHE γ-rays by the MAGIC telescope in 2006, was reobserved by MAGIC in January 2007 during a major optical flare and from December 2008 to April 2009 following an alert from the Fermi space telescope on an exceptionally high γ-ray state. [Aims]: The January 2007 observations resulted in a detection on January 16 with significance 5.4σ, corresponding to a F (>150 GeV) (3.8 ± 0.8) × 10-11 ph cm-2 s-1 while the overall data sample does not show significant signal. The December 2008–April 2009 observations did not detect the source. We study the multiwavelength behaviour of the source at the epochs of MAGIC observations, collecting quasi-simultaneous data at optical and X-ray frequencies and for 2009 also γ-ray data from Fermi. [Methods]: We study the light curves and spectral energy distribution of the source. The spectral energy distributions of three observing epochs (including the February 2006, which has been previously published) are modelled with one-zone inverse Compton models and the emission on January 16, 2007 also with two zone model and with a lepto-hadronic model. [Results]: We find that the VHE γ-ray emission detected in 2006 and 2007 challenges standard one-zone model, based on relativistic electrons in a jet scattering broad line region photons, while the other studied models fit the observed spectral energy distribution more satisfactorily., The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Marie Curie program, by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant DO02-353 of the Bulgarian NSF, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by the YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”, and by the Polish MNiSzW Grant N N203 390834.
Published: 2011
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32. Observations of the Blazar 3C 66A with the MAGIC Telescopes in Stereoscopic Mode

Author: Denis Bastieri, A. Saggion, Q. Weitzel, Tihomir Surić, Ignasi Reichardt, Adrian Biland, G. Maneva, Francesco Dazzi, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, D. Elsaesser, E. Leonardo, S. Rügamer, Silvia Pardo, Elina Lindfors, Antonio Stamerra, Juan Abel Barrio, Karl Mannheim, Ivica Puljak, T. Jogler, D. Borla Tridon, J. Rico, Daniel Mazin, V. Scalzotto, D. Dominis Prester, Pierre Colin, B. Huber, J. Krause, Wolfgang Rhode, R. G. Pegna, Manel Errando, R. J. García López, M. Salvati, B. De Lotto, Andrei Berdyugin, P. G. Prada Moroni, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, J. Storz, Dario Hrupec, Francisco Prada, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. Camara, A. Boller, M. A. Lopez, L. Cossio, Fabio Zandanel, M. Thom, M. Shayduk, F. De Sabata, S. Klepser, Takashi Saito, C. Schultz, Massimo Persic, A. Sillanpää, Pol Bordas, Stefano Covino, Artemio Herrero, Tomislav Terzić, Jose Luis Contreras, Aaron Dominguez, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, M. V. Fonseca, D. Bose, T. Krähenbühl, K. Berger, Felicitas Pauss, Daniel Ferenc, N. Puchades, Juan Cortina, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, H. Vankov, A. La Barbera, N. Strah, Victor Zabalza, Reiko Orito, Riccardo Paoletti, Ilana M. Braun, B. Steinke, E. De Cea del Pozo, D. Tescaro, D. Garrido, Diego F. Torres, Jose Miguel Miranda, Felix Spanier, M. Pasanen, E. Prandini, L. A. Antonelli, Laura Maraschi, M. I. Martínez, M. Doert, Abelardo Moralejo, Michael Backes, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Daniel Kranich, Ll. Font, K. Saito, J. Becerra González, Kari Nilsson, R. Reinthal, D. Hadasch, Damir Lelas, Masahiro Teshima, Patrick Vogler, Dorota Sobczyńska, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Hiroko Miyamoto, Mario Meucci, S. Partini, Francesco Longo, D. Höhne-Mönch, Jelena Aleksić, Parthasarathi Majumdar, Josep M. Paredes, Javier Moldon, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, T. Schweizer, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, V. Scapin, Gianluca Giavitto, A. Cañellas, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, Mosè Mariotti, Daniela Dorner, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, E. Colombo, Ralph Bock, L. O. Takalo, Petar Temnikov, Elisa Bernardini, P. Antoranz, C. Delgado Mendez, J. C. Struebig, Roberta Zanin, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, Marc Ribó, Nikola Godinovic, M. De Maria, A. De Angelis, Giacomo Bonnoli, Daniel Nieto, R. Mirzoyan, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Universitat de Barcelona, J., Aleksic, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, Gonzalez, J., W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, Tridon, D., V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M., Camara, A., Ca\~nella, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, Angelis, A., Cea, E., Lotto, B., Maria, M., Sabata, F., Mendez, C., Ortega, A., M., Doert, A., Dom\inguez, Prester, D., D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, R. J., Garc\ia, M., Garczarczyk, G., Giavitto, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., H\ohne M\onch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Kr\ahenb\uhl, D., Kranich, J., Krause, Barbera, A., E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, M., Makariev, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Mart\inez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, F., Prada, P. G., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, S., R\ugamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanp\a\a, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J., Storz, N., Strah, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, M., Thom, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, and R., Zanin
Subjects: galaxies [Gamma rays], individual: 3C 66A [BL Lacertae objects], Radio galaxy, CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, Astrophysics, BL Lacertae objects: individual (3C 66A), 01 natural sciences, Raigs gamma, MAGIC (telescope), Absorption (logic), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), TEV BLAZARS, Extragalactic background light, BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT, HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, PROTON BLAZAR, LAC OBJECTS, X-RAY, SPECTRA, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lacertae objects: individual: 3C 66A, BL Lac object, individual (3C 66A) [BL Lacertae objects], active [Galaxies], BL Lacertae objects: individual (3C 66A) — galaxies: active — gamma rays: galaxies, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, Blazar, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies
Abstract: 5 páginas, 3 figuras, 1 tabla.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv:1010.0550.-- et al., We report new observations of the intermediate-frequency peaked BL Lacertae object 3C 66A with the MAGIC telescopes. The data sample we use were taken in 2009 December and 2010 January, and comprises 2.3 hr of good quality data in stereoscopic mode. In this period, we find a significant signal from the direction of the blazar 3C 66A. The new MAGIC stereoscopic system is shown to play an essential role for the separation between 3C 66A and the nearby radio galaxy 3C 66B, which is at a distance of only 6'. The derived integral flux above 100 GeV is 8.3% of the Crab Nebula flux and the energy spectrum is reproduced by a power law of photon index 3.64 ± 0.39stat ± 0.25sys. Within errors, this is compatible with the one derived by VERITAS in 2009. From the spectra corrected for absorption by the extragalactic background light, we only find small differences between the four models that we applied, and constrain the redshift of the blazar to z < 0.68., This work was also supported by the Marie Curie program, by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant DO02-353 of the Bulgarian NSF, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by the YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe,” and by the Polish MNiSzW Grant N N203 390834.
Published: 2010
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33. MAGIC upper limits for two milagro-detected bright Fermi sources in the region of SNR G65.1+0.6

Author: M. Camara, R. Reinthal, Mosè Mariotti, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Dominik Elsaesser, Thomas Bretz, M. Rissi, Saverio Lombardi, J. Pochon, Denis Bastieri, Tihomir Surić, S. N. Shore, Stefano Covino, L. O. Takalo, B. Steinke, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, M. Salvati, Aaron Dominguez, Felicitas Pauss, T. Krähenbühl, M. Lopez, Dorota Sobczyńska, S. Partini, D. Höhne-Mönch, D. Tescaro, R. Mirzoyan, Wolfgang Rhode, N. Strah, S. Klepser, Victor Zabalza, Karl Mannheim, K. Nilsson, D. Dominis Prester, S. Rügamer, E. Carmona, Juan Abel Barrio, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, E. Lindfors, M. I. Martínez, Giacomo Bonnoli, E. De Cea del Pozo, Julian Sitarek, D. Borla Tridon, R. J. García López, Francisco Prada, Jose Luis Contreras, P. G. Prada Moroni, D. Bose, E. Prandini, J. Hose, C. DelgadoMendez, Juan Cortina, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, Nikola Godinovic, M. De Maria, A. La Barbera, K. Berger, Daniela Hadasch, L. Maraschi, Massimo Persic, P. Bordas, C. Schultz, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Felix Spanier, Oscar Blanch, J. C. Struebig, J. Moldón, J. Becerra González, Ll. Font, J. M. Paredes, Diego F. Torres, F. Longo, M. Pasanen, V. Scalzotto, Andrei Berdyugin, Antonio Stamerra, Roberta Zanin, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Mario Meucci, Masahiro Teshima, R. G. Pegna, A. Boller, K. Saito, M. Doert, Michael Backes, A. Carosi, R. K. Bock, M. Garczarczyk, V. Scapin, J. Storz, Manel Errando, Abelardo Moralejo, Francesco Dazzi, F. De Sabata, N. Puchades, R. Paoletti, Fabio Zandanel, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, E. Leonardo, T. Saito, Daniel Ferenc, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, Marc Ribó, Tomislav Terzić, Reiko Orito, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, I. Puljak, N. Mankuzhiyil, J. Rico, A. De Angelis, L. A. Antonelli, T. Jogler, D. Kranich, Ignasi Reichardt, Wlodek Bednarek, M. Shayduk, A. Herrero, Quirin Weitzel, Daniel Nieto, Jose Miguel Miranda, G. Maneva, Dario Hrupec, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, Gianluca Giavitto, P. Colin, D. Mazin, A. Sillanpää, Daniela Dorner, M. Gaug, Petar Temnikov, Elisa Bernardini, P. Antoranz, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Hiroko Miyamoto, T. Schweizer, Jelena Aleksić, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, J., Aleksic, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, Gonzalez, J., W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, Tridon, D., V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, Angelis, A., Cea, E., Lotto, B., Maria, M., Sabata, F., Mendez, C., Ortega, A., M., Doert, A., Dom\inguez, Prester, D., D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, R. J., Garc\ia, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, G., Giavitto, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., H\ohne M\onch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Kr\ahenb\uhl, D., Kranich, J., Krause, Barbera, A., E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Mart\inez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, F., Prada, P. G., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, S., R\ugamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanp\a\a, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J., Storz, N., Strah, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, and R., Zanin
Subjects: Photon, GAMMA-RAY PULSARS, TELESCOPE, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, SOURCE LIST, CATALOG, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, Pulsar, law, Observatory, ISM: supernova remnants, pulsars: individual: PSR J1957+2831 LAT PSR J1954+2836 LAT PSR J1958+2846, pulsars: individual(PSR J1957+2831, LAT PSR J1954+2836, LAT PSR J1958+2846), 0103 physical sciences, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Pulsars, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Supernoves, Astronomy and Astrophysics, individual: PSR J1957+2831 LAT PSR J1954+2836 LAT PSR J1958+2846 [pulsars], Púlsars, Crab Nebula, Supernovae, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Milagro, supernova remnant [ISM], Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We report on the observation of the region around supernova remnant G65.1+0.6 with the stand-alone MAGIC-I telescope. This region hosts the two bright GeV gamma-ray sources 1FGL J1954.3+2836 and 1FGL J1958.6+2845. They are identified as GeV pulsars and both have a possible counterpart detected at about 35 TeV by the Milagro observatory. MAGIC collected 25.5 hours of good quality data, and found no significant emission in the range around 1 TeV. We therefore report differential flux upper limits, assuming the emission to be point-like (, 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2010

34. Detection of very high energy γ-ray emission from the Perseus cluster Head-Tail Galaxy IC 310 by the MAGIC telescopes

Author: D. Bose, T. Krähenbühl, J. Becerra González, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, Mario Meucci, M. Doert, Michael Backes, Abelardo Moralejo, E. De Cea del Pozo, N. Strah, M. Shayduk, Stefano Covino, Marc Ribó, Riccardo Paoletti, A. Pinzke, Aaron Dominguez, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, K. Berger, Felicitas Pauss, Victor Zabalza, Manel Errando, D. Tescaro, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Fabio Zandanel, K. Saito, A. La Barbera, T. Schweizer, S. Rügamer, R. J. García López, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, Jose Luis Contreras, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, Massimo Persic, Juan Cortina, A. De Angelis, S. Partini, Felix Spanier, Giacomo Bonnoli, J. Storz, Takashi Saito, A. Cañellas, Francesco Longo, D. Höhne-Mönch, Christoph Pfrommer, Reiko Orito, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, Ignasi Reichardt, A. Boller, S. Klepser, D.V. Semikoz, M. Camara, Pierre Colin, L. Cossio, N. Puchades, Masahiro Teshima, Andrei Berdyugin, L. A. Antonelli, A. Diago Ortega, Robert Wagner, Daniel Mazin, T. Jogler, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, M. Salvati, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, R. G. Pegna, C. Schultz, Thomas Bretz, S. N. Shore, F. De Sabata, Mosè Mariotti, G. Maneva, A. Sillanpää, Artemio Herrero, Nikola Godinovic, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Daniel Kranich, Ll. Font, D. Dominis Prester, A. Saggion, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Adrian Biland, Tihomir Surić, Daniel Nieto, M. De Maria, B. Steinke, Kari Nilsson, Saverio Lombardi, Pol Bordas, Wolfgang Rhode, Tomislav Terzić, Javier Moldon, Francisco Prada, J. Pochon, Julian Sitarek, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Daniel Ferenc, Andrii Neronov, Martin Makariev, Oscar Blanch, Karl Mannheim, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, V. Scalzotto, E. Colombo, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Jose Miguel Miranda, Ralph Bock, P. Antoranz, L. O. Takalo, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, E. Prandini, R. Reinthal, Dominik Elsaesser, Dorota Sobczyńska, R. Mirzoyan, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, V. Scapin, Gianluca Giavitto, Daniela Dorner, J. C. Struebig, Petar Temnikov, Roberta Zanin, Elisa Bernardini, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, C. Delgado Mendez, Francesco Dazzi, J. Rico, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, E. Leonardo, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. I. Martínez, P. G. Prada Moroni, I. Puljak, J., Aleksic, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, O., Blanch, R. K., Bock, A., Boller, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M., Camara, A., Canella, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, E., Colombo, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., del Pozo, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, A. D., Ortega, M., Doert, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, G., Giavitto, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Krahenbuhl, D., Kranich, J., Krause, A. L., Barbera, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, M., Makariev, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, F., Prada, P. G. P., Moroni, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, R., Reinthal, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, K., Saito, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J., Storz, N., Strah, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, Q., Weitzel, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, A., Neronov, C., Pfrommer, A., Pinzke, D. V., Semikoz, APC - THEORIE, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), MAGIC, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, gamma rays: galaxies, galaxies: individual: IC310, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Raigs gamma, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, MAGIC telescope, Active Galactic Nuclei, Galaxies, galaxies: individual: IC 310, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), Cosmic rays, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma rays: galaxies — galaxies: active — galaxies: individual (IC 310), Galaxy, Galàxies, Crab Nebula, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We report on the detection with the MAGIC telescopes of very high energy gamma-rays from IC 310, a head-tail radio galaxy in the Perseus galaxy cluster, observed during the interval November 2008 to February 2010. The Fermi satellite has also detected this galaxy. The source is detected by MAGIC at a high statistical significance of 7.6sigma in 20.6 hr of stereo data. The observed spectral energy distribution is flat with a differential spectral index of -2.00 \pm 0.14. The mean flux above 300 GeV, between October 2009 and February 2010, (3.1 \pm 0.5)x10^{-12} cm^{-2} s^{-1}, corresponds to (2.5 \pm 0.4)% of Crab Nebula units. Only an upper limit, of 1.9% of Crab Nebula units above 300 GeV, was obtained with the 2008 data. This, together with strong hints (>3sigma) of flares in the middle of October and November 2009, implies that the emission is variable. The MAGIC results favour a scenario with the very high energy emission originating from the inner jet close to the central engine. More complicated models than a simple one-zone SSC scenario, e.g. multi-zone SSC, external Compton or hadronic, may be required to explain the very flat spectrum and its extension over more than three orders of magnitude in energy., 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJL
Published: 2010

35. Simultaneous multi-frequency observation of the unknown redshift blazar PG 1553+113 in March-April 2008

Author: E. De Cea del Pozo, B. De Lotto, Stefan Klepser, S. Balestra, M. Shayduk, H. Anderhub, Michael Backes, R. K. Bock, D. Britzger, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, T. Schweizer, M. I. Martínez, L. O. Takalo, Enrique Fernández, Abelardo Moralejo, Dorothee Hildebrand, P. Antoranz, Riccardo Paoletti, C. C. Hsu, C. M. Raiteri, A. Laille, Mosè Mariotti, V. Bianchin, D. Dominis Prester, Nikola Godinovic, M. De Maria, Andrei Berdyugin, D. Pascoli, Manel Errando, R. de los Reyes, Nicola Turini, Francisco Prada, T. Krähenbühl, Saverio Lombardi, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, Robert Wagner, Ignasi Reichardt, Elina Lindfors, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, Francesco Longo, D. Höhne-Mönch, D. Bose, I. Puljak, Fabio Zandanel, Javier Moldon, C. Delgado Mendez, Laura Maraschi, N. Puchades, N. Strah, Dominik Elsaesser, Daniel Mazin, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Dario Hrupec, Diego F. Torres, G. Maneva, M. Pasanen, R. Firpo, A. Saggion, M. Salvati, K. Berger, Thomas Bretz, L. A. Antonelli, A. Sillanpää, S. N. Shore, K. Nilsson, Adrian Biland, R. J. García López, Daniela Dorner, R. G. Pegna, C. Baixeras, Jose Luis Contreras, Gabriele Ghisellini, Florian Goebel, Marc Ribó, Konstancja Satalecka, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, Masahiro Teshima, J. Rico, Markus Gaug, Juan Cortina, Michele Doro, Aaron Dominguez, M. T. Costado, Igor Oya, Felicitas Pauss, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Daniel Kranich, Hiroko Miyamoto, Massimo Persic, Wolfgang Rhode, Felix Spanier, Ll. Font, Victor Zabalza, L. Peruzzo, Jelena Aleksić, Julian Sitarek, Petar Temnikov, Aldo Treves, J. Hose, Elisa Bernardini, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, M. Villata, V. Scalzotto, Dorota Sobczyńska, V. Scapin, Mariano Moles, G. Di Cocco, Stefano Covino, A. De Angelis, J. Zapatero, D. Tescaro, M. Garczarczyk, A. Herrero, G. Tosti, Jelena Ninkovic, J. C. Struebig, Francesco Dazzi, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, E. Leonardo, D. Fugazza, Takashi Saito, Roberta Zanin, Nicola Galante, T. Jogler, E. Prandini, Reiko Orito, Giacomo Bonnoli, Daniel Ferenc, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, D. Hadasch, Pierre Colin, Daniel Nieto, Omar M. Kurtanidze, A. La Barbera, Julia Becker, S. Commichau, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Jose Miguel Miranda, Denis Bastieri, Elena Pian, Tihomir Surić, S. Rügamer, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Borla Tridon, Karl Mannheim, M. Camara, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, M. Rissi, J. Becerra González, B. Steinke, M. López, Mario Meucci, F. De Sabata, Pol Bordas, Filippo D'Ammando, R. Mirzoyan, E. Carmona, S. Vercellone, J., Aleksic, H., Anderhub, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, J. K., Becker, W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, D., Britzger, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., del Pozo, R. D., los Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, E., Fernandez, R., Firpo, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, N., Galante, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, N., Godinovic, F., Goebel, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, C. C., Hsu, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Krahenbuhl, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, N., Strah, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, D. F., Torre, N., Turini, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, J., Zapatero, E., Pian, V., Bianchin, F., D'Ammando, G. D., Cocco, D., Fugazza, G., Ghisellini, O. M., Kurtanidze, C. M., Raiteri, G., Tosti, A., Treve, S., Vercellone, M., Villata, Aleksic J, Anderhub H, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Balestra S, Barrio JA, Bastieri D, Gonzalez JB, Becker JK, Bednarek W, Berdyugin A, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Tridon DB, Bosch-Ramon V, Bose D, Braun I, Bretz T, Britzger D, Camara M, Carmona E, Carosi A, Colin P, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, del Pozo ED, De los Reyes R, De Lotto B, De Maria M, De Sabata F, Mendez CD, Dominguez A, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Errando M, Ferenc D, Fernandez E, Firpo R, Fonseca MV, Font L, Galante N, Lopez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Godinovic N, Goebel F, Hadasch D, Herrero A, Hildebrand D, Hohne-Monch D, Hose J, Hrupec D, Hsu CC, Jogler T, Klepser S, Krahenbuhl T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, Lopez M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Miyamoto H, Moldon J, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Orito R, Oya I, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Puljak I, Reichardt I, Rhode W, Ribo M, Rico J, Rissi M, Rugamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shore SN, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpaa A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Spiro S, Stamerra A, Steinke B, Strah N, Struebig JC, Suric T, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Wagner RM, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J, Pian E, Bianchin V, DAmmando F, Di Cocco G, Fugazza D, Ghisellini G, Kurtanidze OM, Raiteri CM, Tosti G, Treves A, Vercellone S, and Villata M
Subjects: galaxies [Gamma rays], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, ENERGY, Raigs gamma, law, ABSORPTION, MAGIC (telescope), PG-1553+113, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, SPECTROSCOPY, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, MAGIC telescope, Active Galactic Nuclei, Galaxies: active, Synchrotron, BL Lacertae objects: individual: PG 1553+113, galaxies [X-rays], Gamma rays: galaxies, astro-ph.CO, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS, MAGIC TELESCOPE, VRI PHOTOMETRY, SKY SURVEY, EMISSION, SPECTRA, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), active [Galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, Blazar, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, individual: PG 1553+113 [BL Lacertae objects], Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Redshift, Galàxies, Gamma rays: observation, Gamma rays: theory, X-rays: galaxies, BL Lacertae objects: individual: PG 1553+113 / X-rays: galaxies / gamma rays: galaxies / galaxies: active, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520
Abstract: 5 páginas, 2 figuras, 3 tablas.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv: arXiv:0911.1088.-- MAGIC Collaboration: et al., The blazar PG 1553+113 is a well known TeV γ-ray emitter. In this paper we determine its spectral energy distribution through simultaneous multi-frequency data to study its emission processes. An extensive campaign was carried out between March and April 2008, where optical, X-ray, high-energy (HE) γ-ray, and very-high-energy (VHE) γ-ray data were obtained with the KVA, Abastumani, REM, RossiXTE/ASM, AGILE and MAGIC telescopes, respectively. We combine the data to derive the source's spectral energy distribution and interpret its double-peaked shape within the framework of a synchrotron self-Compton model., Major support from Germany’s Bundesministerium f¨ur Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Italy’s Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), and Spain’s Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion is gratefully acknowledged. The work was also supported by Switzerland’s ETH Research grant TH34/043, Poland’s Ministertwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wy˙zszego grant N N203 390834, and Germany’s Young Investigator Program of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft. This work was also supported by Georgian National Science Foundation grant GNSF/ST07/4-180. EP acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency through grants ASI-INAF I/023/05/0 and ASI I/088/06/0.
Published: 2010

36. MAGIC TeV gamma-ray observations of Markarian 421 during multiwavelength campaigns in 2006

Author: Pierre Colin, R. J. García López, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, Jose Luis Contreras, A. De Angelis, Juan Cortina, Massimo Persic, C. Delgado Mendez, E. Prandini, S. Balestra, Marc Ribó, P. Antoranz, Dorota Sobczyńska, S. Rügamer, M. T. Costado, Thomas Bretz, Daniel Nieto, S. N. Shore, Juan Abel Barrio, Abelardo Moralejo, D. Borla Tridon, L. O. Takalo, K. Berger, Jelena Ninkovic, Stefano Covino, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, I. Puljak, C. C. Hsu, Kari Nilsson, V. Scapin, Mosè Mariotti, Stefan Klepser, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, D. Hadasch, Laura Maraschi, Nikola Godinovic, M. Doert, Michael Backes, M. De Maria, D. Tescaro, D. Elsaesser, Denis Bastieri, Felix Spanier, M. Camara, V. Scalzotto, Tihomir Surić, Tomislav Terzić, Wolfgang Rhode, Francesco Dazzi, Daniela Dorner, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, M. I. Martínez, Riccardo Paoletti, Saverio Lombardi, Daniel Ferenc, J. C. Struebig, D. Bose, E. Leonardo, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, D. Dominis Prester, Pratik Majumdar, Roberta Zanin, M. V. Fonseca, M. Rissi, Elina Lindfors, Daniel Mazin, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, D. Britzger, S. Paiano, Petar Temnikov, Giacomo Bonnoli, Diego F. Torres, M. Pasanen, R. G. Pegna, Karl Mannheim, T. Krähenbühl, Francisco Prada, Elisa Bernardini, A. Laille, R. Mirzoyan, Andrei Berdyugin, B. Steinke, M. López, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, S. Partini, Francesco Longo, D. Höhne-Mönch, N. Puchades, J. Becerra González, B. De Lotto, R. de los Reyes, D. Pascoli, Takashi Saito, F. De Sabata, T. Schweizer, Javier Moldon, E. De Cea del Pozo, Mario Meucci, C. Schultz, Pol Bordas, Aaron Dominguez, Felicitas Pauss, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Reiko Orito, Victor Zabalza, A. Herrero, L. A. Antonelli, M. Shayduk, Mariano Moles, J. Rico, Igor Oya, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Daniel Kranich, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, Ll. Font, R. K. Bock, T. Jogler, A. La Barbera, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, M. Salvati, A. Sillanpää, Dario Hrupec, Masahiro Teshima, Manel Errando, Fabio Zandanel, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Robert Wagner, Hiroko Miyamoto, Jelena Aleksić, C. Baixeras, Julian Sitarek, J. Hose, A. Saggion, Adrian Biland, Markus Gaug, Ignasi Reichardt, G. Maneva, S. Commichau, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, Jose Miguel Miranda, Universitat de Barcelona, J., Aleksic, H., Anderhub, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, J. K., Becker, W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, D., Britzger, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., del Pozo, R. D., Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, M., Doert, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, C. C., Hsu, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Krahenbuhl, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, N., Strah, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, and R., Zanin
Subjects: galaxies [Gamma rays], PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Raigs gamma, ACTIVE GALAXY MARKARIAN-421, law, Jets (Astrofísica), MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Palma (Canary Islands), BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mkn 421, Physics, Spectral index, Palma (Canàries), Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, MAGIC telescope, Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma ray, CORRELATED VARIABILITY, Gamma rays: galaxies, astro-ph.CO, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Telescopis espacials, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, gamma rays: observations, BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mkn 421), FOS: Physical sciences, BLAZAR MARKARIAN-421, Space telescopes, Telescope, BL-LAC OBJECTS, 0103 physical sciences, SPECTRA, Nucli galàctic actiu, Blazar, individual: Mkn 421 [BL Lacertae objects], ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS, X-RAY, CRAB-NEBULA, Active galactic nuclei, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, Astrophysical jets, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520
Abstract: 10 páginas, 7 figuras, 6 tablas.-- El Pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print: arXiv:1001.1291.-- MAGIC Collaboration: et al., [Context]: Wide-range spectral coverage of blazar-type active galactic nuclei is of paramount importance for understanding the particle acceleration mechanisms assumed to take place in their jets. The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov (MAGIC) telescope participated in three multiwavelength (MWL) campaigns, observing the blazar Markarian (Mkn) 421 during the nights of April 28 and 29, 2006, and June 14, 2006. [Aims]: We analyzed the corresponding MAGIC very-high energy observations during 9 nights from April 22 to 30, 2006 and on June 14, 2006. We inferred light curves with sub-day resolution and night-by-night energy spectra. [Methods]: MAGIC detects γ-rays by observing extended air showers in the atmosphere. The obtained air-shower images were analyzed using the standard MAGIC analysis chain. [Results]: A strong γ-ray signal was detected from Mkn 421 on all observation nights. The flux (E > 250 GeV) varied on night-by-night basis between (0.92±0.11) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (0.57 Crab units) and (3.21±0.15) × 10-10 cm-2 s-1 (2.0 Crab units) in April 2006. There is a clear indication for intra-night variability with a doubling time of 36± min on the night of April 29, 2006, establishing once more rapid flux variability for this object. For all individual nights γ-ray spectra could be inferred, with power-law indices ranging from 1.66 to 2.47. We did not find statistically significant correlations between the spectral index and the flux state for individual nights. During the June 2006 campaign, a flux substantially lower than the one measured by the Whipple 10-m telescope four days later was found. Using a log-parabolic power law fit we deduced for some data sets the location of the spectral peak in the very-high energy regime. Our results confirm the indications of rising peak energy with increasing flux, as expected in leptonic acceleration models., The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN and Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by ETH Research Grant TH 34/043, by the Polish MNiSzW Grant N N203 390834, and by the YIP of the Helmholtz Gemeinschaft.
Published: 2010

37. MAGIC Gamma-ray Telescope Observation of the Perseus Cluster of Galaxies: implications for cosmic rays, dark matter, and NGC1275

Author: J. Moldón, Lluis Font, Daniel Nieto, T. Krähenbühl, Stefano Covino, Takashi Saito, S. Commichau, Susumu Inoue, C. C. Hsu, Reiko Orito, Wlodek Bednarek, Alessandro Carosi, R. Mirzoyan, A. De Angelis, Jelena Ninkovic, Nikola Godinovic, N. Puchades, M. Doert, Riccardo Paoletti, Michael Backes, Dominik Elsaesser, Christoph Pfrommer, M. De Maria, Masahiro Teshima, D. Bose, Francesco Dazzi, Miguel A. Pérez-Torres, Ignasi Reichardt, E. Carmona, Markus Garczarczyk, J. Zapatero, E. Leonardo, C. Baixeras, D. Tescaro, J. M. Paredes, Diego F. Torres, Antonio Stamerra, A. La Barbera, Dorota Sobczyńska, Thomas Bretz, F. De Sabata, M. Pasanen, R. J. García López, A. Domínguez, Giacomo Bonnoli, Mariano Moles, Nicola Galante, Pol Bordas, M. Salvati, R. K. Bock, Dario Hrupec, Marc Ribó, S. Rügamer, A. Sillanpää, Agnieszka Sierpowska-Bartosik, M. T. Costado, Abelardo Moralejo, Ivica Puljak, Gabriele Ghisellini, Torsten A. Enßlin, M. Shayduk, D. Borla Tridon, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, M. Sánchez-Conde, Wolfgang Rhode, S. Partini, Francesco Longo, G. Maneva, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. C. Struebig, Felicitas Pauss, Nijil Mankuzhiyil, V. Scalzotto, Roberta Zanin, Victor Zabalza, Manel Errando, Massimo Persic, J. Becerra González, E. De Cea del Pozo, R. G. Pegna, B. De Lotto, P. Temnikov, A. Saggion, L. A. Antonelli, Fabio Zandanel, Julian Sitarek, S. Klepser, Mario Meucci, E. Prandini, J. A. Barrio, Adrian Biland, M. Camara, Tomislav Terzić, A. Laille, Andrei Berdyugin, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, M. Rissi, Igor Oya, Markus Gaug, Denis Bastieri, R. de los Reyes, S. N. Shore, Tihomir Surić, C. Schultz, Jose Luis Contreras, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Daniel Kranich, S. Paiano, Karl Mannheim, B. Steinke, M. López, Juan Cortina, M. I. Martínez, S. Spiro, E. Lorenz, Kari Nilsson, A. Herrero, D. Pascoli, J. Rico, T. Jogler, D. Hildebrand, L. Peruzzo, Daniel Ferenc, H. Vankov, Ilana M. Braun, P. Antoranz, Daniela Dorner, A. Pinzke, D. Britzger, Konstancja Satalecka, Michele Doro, Hiroko Miyamoto, Elisa Bernardini, Jelena Aleksić, T. Schweizer, C. Delgado Mendez, Valentí Bosch-Ramon, V. Scapin, P. Colin, Robert Wagner, D. Dominis Prester, Francisco Prada, K. Berger, Mosè Mariotti, Felix Spanier, J. Hose, Daniela Hadasch, Saverio Lombardi, S. Balestra, Jose Miguel Miranda, L. O. Takalo, D. Mazin, J., Aleksic, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, W., Bednarek, A., Berdyugin, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, D., Britzger, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, P., Colin, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., del Pozo, R. D., Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, M., Doert, A., Dominguez, D. D., Prester, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, N., Galante, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, N., Godinovic, D., Hadasch, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, D., Hrupec, C. C., Hsu, T., Jogler, S., Klepser, T., Krahenbuhl, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, R., Orito, I., Oya, S., Paiano, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, S., Partini, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Puljak, I., Reichardt, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M. A., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, C., Schultz, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, B., Steinke, J. C., Struebig, T., Suric, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, T., Terzic, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, D. F., Torre, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, J., Zapatero, C., Pfrommer, A., Pinzke, T. A., Enlin, S., Inoue, and G., Ghisellini
Subjects: Radio galaxy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Raigs gamma, Dark Matter, MAGIC (telescope), Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, MAGIC telescope, Galaxy Cluster, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, gamma-rays: observations, galaxies: clusters: individual (Perseus), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, Clusters of galaxies, FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE, COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, HARD X-RAY, Cúmuls de galàxies, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS, COMA CLUSTER, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cooling flow, MAGNETIC-FIELDS, RADIO HALOS, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic rays, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, HESS OBSERVATIONS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, gamma ray astronomy, INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM, Space and Planetary Science, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The Perseus galaxy cluster was observed by the MAGIC Cherenkov telescope for a total effective time of 24.4 hr during 2008 November and December. The resulting upper limits on the gamma-ray emission above 100 GeV are in the range of 4.6 to 7.5 x 10^{-12} cm^{-2} s^{-1} for spectral indices from -1.5 to -2.5, thereby constraining the emission produced by cosmic rays, dark matter annihilations, and the central radio galaxy NGC1275. Results are compatible with cosmological cluster simulations for the cosmic-ray-induced gamma-ray emission, constraining the average cosmic ray-to-thermal pressure to, 15 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ; updated to match the journal final version
Published: 2009

38. Electronics for the camera of the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) for ground based gamma-ray astronomy

Author: H. Anderhub, M. Lee, Michael Backes, K. Warda, L. Djambazov, V. Commichau, H. von Gunten, Adrian Biland, Etienne Lyard, A.-K. Overkemping, D. Hildebrand, R. Rohlfs, A. Boller, G. Viertel, Oliver Grimm, Felicitas Pauss, Thomas Bretz, A. Gendotti, C. Farnier, B. Huber, Patrick Vogler, B. Krumm, T. Krähenbühl, O. Tibolla, Wolfgang Rhode, M. Meharga, Q. Weitzel, J.-P. Stucki, Jean-Philippe Lenain, E. Lorenz, Julia Thaele, Werner Lustermann, U. Horisberger, Karl Mannheim, Ulf Roser, D. Neise, R. Walter, Dieter Renker, Ilana M. Braun, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Daniela Dorner, M. Ribordy, J.-H. Köhne, and K. S. Kim
Subjects: Physics, Photomultiplier, APDS, Preamplifier, business.industry, Gamma-ray astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Photodiode, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Within the FACT project, we construct a new type of camera based on Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APDs). Compared to photomultipliers, G-APDs are more robust, need a lower operation voltage and have the potential of higher photon-detection efficiency and lower cost, but were never fully tested in the harsh environments of Cherenkov telescopes. The FACT camera consists of 1440 G-APD pixels and readout channels, based on the DRS4 (Domino Ring Sampler) analog pipeline chip and commercial Ethernet components. Preamplifiers, trigger system, digitization, slow control and power converters are integrated into the camera.
Published: 2012

39. A novel camera type for very high energy gamma-ray astronomy based on Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes

Author: Thomas Bretz, L. S. Stark, D. Dorner, H. von Gunten, Wolfgang Rhode, Daniel Kranich, Werner Lustermann, G. Viertel, S. Rollke, K. Mannheim, S. Commichau, Michael Backes, A. Boller, E. Lorenz, V. Commichau, H. Anderhub, Patrick Vogler, Oliver Grimm, Q. Weitzel, M. Rissi, Dorothee Hildebrand, T. Krähenbühl, Dieter Renker, Ulf Roser, A. Gendotti, A. Biland, D. Neise, U. Horisberger, Isabel Braun, J.-P. Stucki, and F. Pauss
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Avalanche photodiode, Chip, Photodiode, law.invention, Data acquisition, Optics, Sampling (signal processing), law, Geiger counter, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APD) are promising new sensors for light detection in atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. In this paper, the design and commissioning of a 36-pixel G-APD prototype camera is presented. The data acquisition is based on the Domino Ring Sampling (DRS2) chip. A sub-nanosecond time resolution has been achieved. Cosmic-ray induced air showers have been recorded using an imaging mirror setup, in a self-triggered mode. This is the first time that such measurements have been carried out with a complete G-APD camera., 9 pages with 11 figures
Published: 2009

40. A G-APD based Camera for Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes

Author: T. Krähenbühl, Thomas Bretz, O. Tibolla, Daniela Dorner, A. Boller, Karl Mannheim, Wolfgang Rhode, Felicitas Pauss, A. Gendotti, M. Ribordy, Oliver Grimm, Patrick Vogler, M. Rissi, D. Neise, U. Horisberger, Adrian Biland, E. Lorenz, V. Commichau, H. von Gunten, D. Hildebrand, H. Anderhub, Michael Backes, G. Viertel, L. S. Stark, Werner Lustermann, Ulf Roser, J.-P. Stucki, Quirin Weitzel, J.-H. Köhne, D. Kranich, S. Commichau, Ilana M. Braun, and Dieter Renker
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Gamma-ray astronomy, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Extensive air shower, IACT, Avalanche photodiode, law.invention, Photodiode, Telescope, Optics, Cherenkov telescope, law, business, Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) for Gamma-ray astronomy are presently using photomultiplier tubes as photo sensors. Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APD) promise an improvement in sensitivity and, important for this application, ease of construction, operation and ruggedness. G-APDs have proven many of their features in the laboratory, but a qualified assessment of their performance in an IACT camera is best undertaken with a prototype. This paper describes the design and construction of a full-scale camera based on G-APDs realized within the FACT project (First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

41. Design and operation of FACT - the first G-APD Cherenkov telescope

Author: H Anderhub, M Backes, A Biland, V Boccone, I Braun, T Bretz, J Buß, F Cadoux, V Commichau, L Djambazov, D Dorner, S Einecke, D Eisenacher, A Gendotti, O Grimm, H von Gunten, C Haller, D Hildebrand, U Horisberger, B Huber, K -S Kim, M L Knoetig, J -H Köhne, T Krähenbühl, B Krumm, M Lee, E Lorenz, W Lustermann, E Lyard, K Mannheim, M Meharga, K Meier, T Montaruli, D Neise, F Nessi-Tedaldi, A -K Overkemping, A Paravac, F Pauss, D Renker, W Rhode, M Ribordy, U Röser, J -P Stucki, J Schneider, T Steinbring, F Temme, J Thaele, S Tobler, G Viertel, P Vogler, R Walter, K Warda, Q Weitzel, and M Zänglein
Subjects: Photomultiplier, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma telescopes, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Software, Optics, law, EMCCDs etc), Gamma detectors, 0103 physical sciences, APDs, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Photon detectors for UV, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc), Physics, COSMIC cancer database, EBCCDs, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Cherenkov detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Si-PMTs, CCDs, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Avalanche photodiode, G-APDs, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract: The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) is designed to detect cosmic gamma-rays with energies from several hundred GeV up to about 10 TeV using the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique. In contrast to former or existing telescopes, the camera of the FACT telescope is comprised of solid-state Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiodes (G-APD) instead of photomultiplier tubes for photo detection. It is the first full-scale device of its kind employing this new technology. The telescope is operated at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) since fall 2011. This paper describes in detail the design, construction and operation of the system, including hardware and software aspects. Technical experiences gained after one year of operation are discussed and conclusions with regard to future projects are drawn., Journal of Instrumentation, 8 (6), ISSN:1748-0221

42. A status report: FACT - A fact

Author: H. Anderhub, E. Lorenz, Michael Backes, J.-P. Stucki, Oliver Grimm, Werner Lustermann, Jochen M. Schneider, B. Huber, V. Commichau, Manwoo Lee, H. von Gunten, D. Neise, K.-S. Kim, Quirin Weitzel, E. Lyard, Daniela Dorner, J.-P. Lenain, U. Horisberger, Ulf Roser, G. Viertel, K. Warda, Patrick Vogler, Julia Thaele, L. Djambazov, A.-K. Overkemping, A. Gendotti, M. Ribordy, M. Meharga, D. Hildebrand, C. Farnier, A. Boller, T. Krähenbühl, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Karl Mannheim, J.-H. Köhne, Adrian Biland, Felicitas Pauss, R. Rohlfs, R. Walter, Thomas Bretz, B. Krumm, Ilana M. Braun, Wolfgang Rhode, Dieter Renker, and O. Tibolla
Subjects: Physics, Optics, business.industry, Geiger mode avalanche photodiode, IACT, business, Status report

43. Long-Term Monitoring Of Bright Blazars With A Dedicated Cherenkov Telescope

Author: T. Krähenbühl, F. Clevermann, Dieter Renker, Oliver Grimm, D. Kranich, M. Rissi, D. Neise, V. Commichau, Julia Becker, S. Commichau, H. von Gunten, M. Pohl, Karl Mannheim, Felicitas Pauss, Thomas Bretz, Ilana M. Braun, Michael Backes, Adrian Biland, Wolfgang Rhode, S. Rollke, L. S. Stark, Ulf Roser, E. Lorenz, Daniela Dorner, U. Straumann, D. Hildebrand, M. Ribordy, Werner Lustermann, G. Viertel, B. Huber, Quirin Weitzel, and I. Britvich
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, remote operation, law.invention, Telescope, Astrophysical jet, law, Proton Blazar, gamma-ray astronomy, Objects, Mkn 501, Binary, Agn, Blazar, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, instrumentation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, HEGRA, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Cherenkov Telescope Array, monitoring, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract: Flaring activity of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in VHE γ-ray astronomy is observed on timescales from minutes to years and can be explained either by the interaction of relativistic jets with the surrounding material or by imprints of the central engine, like temporal modulation caused by binary systems of supermassive black holes. The key to answer those questions lies in combining 24/7 monitoring with short high sensitivity exposures as provided by the third generation γ-ray astronomy instruments like MAGIC, VERITAS and H.E.S.S. The long-term observations can be provided by a global network of small robotic Cherenkov telescopes.1 As a first step, we are currently setting up a dedicated Cherenkov telescope, which will carry out joint observations with the Whipple 10 m telescope for AGN monitoring. The new telescope will be designed for low costs but high performance by upgrading one of the former HEGRA telescopes, still located at the MAGIC site on the Canary Island of La Palma (Spain). The main novelties will be its robotic operation and a novel camera type, resulting in a greatly improved sensitivity and a lower energy threshold.

44. Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA: an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Author: K. Ziȩtara, A. Konopelko, J. Rico, Philippe Laporte, Tatsuo Yoshida, A. Etchegoyen, Dennis Haefner, C. Morello, L. Garrido, Philip Kaaret, T. Yamamoto, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, B. Sacco, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. Krähenbühl, N. Geffroy, I. M. McHardy, Toru Tanimori, A. Salini, F. Grañena, A. Liolios, A. C. Rovero, A. Mendes, Etienne Lyard, Juan Abel Barrio, Jürgen Schmoll, R. Dubois, A. N. Otte, J. Bolmont, S. Rivoire, K. Berger, A. Nikolaidis, J.-P. Ernenwein, A. Bobkov, D. Allan, C. Schultz, Masayuki Tanaka, G. Deleglise, Oliver Grimm, Ł. Płatos, O. Tibolla, M. Gochna, S. Schwarzburg, H. Arnaldi, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Valerie Connaughton, Adriano Fontana, D. Nedbal, P. Jean, Alejandro Ibarra, S. Spyrou, Gustavo E. Romero, Judith H. Croston, F. Feinstein, L. Tibaldo, M. Benallou, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, A. E. Szymkowiak, J.L. Van der Walt, Stefano Covino, Shigehiro Nagataki, G. Busetto, P. Nayman, G. Lamanna, William J. Potter, Tadashi Kifune, O. Corpace, M. Bourgeat, N. Webb, J. K. Becker, K. Hultquist, P. Majumdar, Anna Szostek, M. Compin, Petter Hofverberg, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, J. Ingjald, R. Kossakowski, A. Mangano, Kunihito Ioka, Jonathan Granot, S. Buson, P. Manigot, J. M. Paredes, M. Gómez Berisso, Massimiliano Belluso, A. Kretzschmann, M. Stodulski, L. Venter, Artemio Herrero, Nu. Komin, German Hermann, Dorota Sobczyńska, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Akira Okumura, Felix Spanier, Gareth Hughes, J. Carr, Antonio Stamerra, Norita Kawanaka, T. Shibata, R. C. Shellard, Dieter H. H. Hoffmann, B. Yoffo, T. Dettlaff, R. G. Talbot, L. Fresnillo, A. Manalaysay, I. Jung, Kohta Murase, Geza Gyuk, C. Farnier, J. C. Marin, Julian Sitarek, Francesco Dazzi, H. Ohka, C. Skole, C. Ghag, Patrick Vogler, M. Hauser, M. Cailles, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, J. Berdugo, Luke O'c. Drury, Naoto Sakaki, F. Köck, P. Sutcliffe, Luis Ángel Tejedor, Hugh Dickinson, Denis Bastieri, Q. Weitzel, Ryoji Enomoto, Josep Colomé, Luigi Lessio, B. Peyaud, C. L. Naumann, Michael Punch, S. Rodriguez, Lucy Fortson, J. P. Osborne, J. Kotula, Piero Giubilato, J. Dyks, W. Kluźniak, T. Schweizer, M. Rataj, Allan Hallgren, Matthew Wood, David Gascon, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Daniela Hadasch, H. Castarede, P. Wawer, M. Kapala, J.-M. Reymond, A.A. Zdziarski, E. De Cea del Pozo, K. Farakos, D. Corti, A. St. J. Murphy, Mosè Mariotti, Kazutaka Yamaoka, T. C. Arlen, Christian Fruck, Francesco Russo, Stefano Gabici, T. Bernardino, B. Khélifi, B. Huber, T. Glanzman, J. Michałowski, Mark I. Wilkinson, M. Suchenek, Massimo Persic, I. Monteiro, M. I. Martínez, V. Sahakian, R. Firpo, Seth Digel, V. La Parola, F. Roy, Regis Terrier, E. Fokitis, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, D. Melkumyan, E. Edy, Stefano Basso, J. Knapp, Cameron B Rulten, A. Niedźwiecki, Karol Seweryn, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, B. Rudak, V. Scapin, R. Wischnewski, Ricardo Graciani, Gianluca Giavitto, Matthias Beilicke, K. Nakayama, Thomas Schanz, A. Sillanpää, G. Motta, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Elina Lindfors, Hannes Jensen, Henric Krawczynski, Catherine Boisson, C. Medina, Dinko Dimitrov, Karen Byrum, M. Shayduk, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, Richard White, Kazunori Kohri, I. Oya, T. Greenshaw, C. Olivetto, Tomasz Szepieniec, R. D. Parsons, Fuyuki Tokanai, Jerzy Grygorczuk, V. Scalzotto, S. Rosier-Lees, Dainis Dravins, Jacco Vink, Włodzimierz Piechocki, F. Stinzing, Felix Ryde, P. Ristori, N. A. McCubbin, M. Hayashida, Martin J. Hardcastle, G.W. Fraser, S. Paiano, S. Blake, U. Barres de Almeida, S. Federici, M. Corlier, C. J. Todero Peixoto, Łukasz Stawarz, Michael S. Briggs, Yvonne Becherini, Martin Pohl, Daniel Mazin, B. Decerprit, Yukikatsu Terada, J. F. Huppert, P. J. Rajda, Justin Vandenbroucke, S. Schlenstedt, S. Renner, Ł. Wiśniewski, Dieter Horns, T. B. Humensky, Takeshi Nakamori, Andreas Quirrenbach, Asdrúbal Enrique Bottani, P. Vallania, B. García, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Takashi Saito, Marcos Daniel Actis, Jacek Niemiec, W. Gäbele, C. van Eldik, Olaf Reimer, P. Corona, Robert D. Preece, C. Reimann, Pierre Brun, Thomas Bretz, R. Moderski, Eric Delagnes, Gilles Henri, W. Domainko, P. H. Tam, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. M. Chadwick, Fabrice Mottez, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, S. Sun, Victor Stamatescu, M. Bogdan, Felix Aharonian, Hajime Takami, M. Winde, Evgeni Ovcharov, M. Panter, Shohei Yanagita, T. Jogler, Thomas Kihm, P. Micolon, S. J. Nolan, David A. Williams, Joachim Hahn, Q. Xiong, Nikolaos Stergioulas, J. Gaweda, R. Mirzoyan, Nektarios Vlahakis, J. Becerra, N. Fouque, M. Ribordy, V. Vassiliev, Claes Fransson, R. L. C. Starling, J. M. Huet, J. Ruppel, J.-P. Lenain, Enrico Giro, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, A. Lopatin, Joseph Silk, J. Borkowski, P. Lubinski, T. Le Flour, R. Platzer, A. Di Paolo, Reiko Orito, O. C. de Jager, C. Eleftheriadis, A. Gonzalez, T. J. L. McComb, U. Schwanke, S. Brau-Nogue, Yutaka Ohira, Philipp Mertsch, Daniel Ferenc, Maria Concetta Maccarone, F. Gonzalez, V. Golev, Osvaldo Catalano, V. Bugaev, C. Clerc, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, L. Pogosyan, M. Renaud, G. Pivato, Sabine Elles, E. J. Quel, R. J. García López, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, H. Vankov, A. Le Padellec, Michele Doro, Saverio Lombardi, S. Pita, A. Wolczko, G. Disset, U. Roeser, Abraham D. Falcone, I. Telezhinsky, S. Artmann, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, Daniela Dorner, G. Fontaine, Wolfgang Rhode, C. Baixeras, K. Mori, H. Prokoph, Giancarlo Cusumano, J. L. Dournaux, F. Toussenel, C. Dufour, Ilana M. Braun, Riccardo Paoletti, A. R. Knappy, Sergio Billotta, F. Krennrich, S. Karkar, Anne M. Green, Takanori Yoshikoshi, I. de la Calle Perez, Masahiro Teshima, M. Janiak, C. Stegmann, H. Wetteskind, Marco Tavani, Kostas D. Kokkotas, C. Föhr, J. L. Panazol, S. Cantu, C. Tenzer, I. Vegas, M. Grudzińska, Elisabetta Bissaldi, S. Bajtlik, A. Jacholkowska, P. Małkiewicz, M. Ostrowski, Reshmi Mukherjee, Mario Meucci, Tarek M. Hassan, W. Bednarek, Rodolfo Canestrari, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, N. Karlsson, M. Tluczykont, A. E. Suárez, David Kieda, R. Steenkamp, Grzegorz Kowal, C. Gasq, Loukas Vlahos, Kathrin Egberts, K. Kosack, A. D. Supanitsky, Hernán Asorey, Adriano Ghedina, Frank M. Rieger, P. Zychowski, J. Bähr, P. Wegner, P. Ziółkowski, Shigeto Kabuki, G. Papyan, Dario Hrupec, P. T. O'Brien, Oscar Blanch, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Robert Wagner, Thomas Lohse, Susumu Inoue, U. Straumann, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, C. Maña, Matteo Cerruti, P. Antoranz, Ll. Font, R. Sugawara, M. Casiraghi, C. Kalkuhl, Subir Sarkar, Jelena Aleksić, Juan Cortina, J. Pallota, L. Brunetti, Petar Temnikov, Tomasz Bulik, L. O. Takalo, G. Vasileiadis, Riccardo Rando, J. H. Buckley, V. de Souza, Sera Markoff, G. Pareschi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, M. Tokarz, Manel Errando, David Fink, C. Barbier, Marek Sikora, J. P. Tavernet, Yasushi Fukazawa, Werner Hofmann, K. Takahashi, B. Wagner, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, L. Guglielmi, S. Royer, Rika Hagiwara, Nestor Mirabal, R. A. Cameron, R. Walter, G. De La Vega, Jim Hinton, Garret Cotter, M. Sofo Haro, Peter Walter, R. Gredig, S. Vorobiov, A. Bouvier, B. Lieunard, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Mauro Ghigo, John H. Seiradakis, Konrad Bernlöhr, M. de Naurois, A. Yoshida, F. Sánchez, K. Katarzyński, C. Veyssiere, Leszek Bogacz, B. Moal, A. Reimer, J. Koziol, Thomas J. Maccarone, G. Pojmanski, E. Carmona, C. Bauer, Andreu Sanuy, V. J. Guarino, Marc Ribó, Vincenzo Testa, H. Huan, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, C. Lavalley, M. Karczewski, G. Agnetta, Giovanni Bonanno, A. Zajczyk, C. Díaz, J. Kasperek, E. Lorenz, P. Vincent, K. Saito, S. Cazaux, S. Selmane, B. Kȩdziora, Y. A. Gallant, Serena Mattiazzo, Emilio Molinari, N. La Barbera, Hidetoshi Kubo, M. K. Daniel, Katsuaki Asano, Tanyu Bonev, A. Cillis, L. A. Otero, Gernot Maier, M. Cieślar, M. Ciesielska, Shuichi Gunji, E. Gianakaki, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, Apostolos Mastichiadis, S. P. Wakely, G. La Rosa, C. Boutonnet, V. Zitelli, I. Ochoa, M. Raue, E. Fillin-Martino, Ingomar Allekotte, J. P. Vialle, G. Vallejo, Ryo Yamazaki, C. Tchernin, Anna Barnacka, Andrea Santangelo, P. Ringegni, James Chiang, Aya Bamba, B. Giebels, A. Förster, Heide Costantini, N. Galante, R. S. Warwick, Michiko Ohishi, O. Reimann, Guillaume Dubus, K. Kodani, Olga Botner, Andreas Zech, Paolo De Coppi, Louis Antonelli, A. Pepato, A. De Angelis, M. Scarcioffolo, E. M. Santos, Christoph Deil, T. Bird, T. Kneiske, Daniele Spiga, B. Behera, Jürgen Knödlseder, L. Rob, G. Pedaletti, P. Munar, J.F. Glicenstein, Aris Karastergiou, A. Djannati-Ataï, B. Courty, R. A. Ong, J. Dick, Paolo Conconi, S. Giarrusso, G. Maneva, E. Salazar, A. Saggion, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, Markus Gaug, Gino Tosti, M. Á. Sánchez Conde, Abelardo Moralejo, Chad Finley, J. D. Ponz, Hideaki Katagiri, A. M. Lopez, G. Pühlhofer, M. Yonetani, Emmanuel Moulin, E. Aliu, R. Kankanyan, Hiroyasu Tajima, F. Mirabel, Jan Conrad, R. Sternberger, Diego F. Torres, P.H. Carton, P.-O. Petrucci, L. Sapozhnikov, A. Schulz, J. Krause, B. De Lotto, J. P. Finley, J. Boix, Volker Beckmann, S. Klepser, Jun Kakuwa, Dimitris Balis, Hironori Matsumoto, R. Welsing, Matthew R. Orr, Dominique Durand, O. Luz, Nina Nowak, J. M. Illa, A. Aravantinos, P. Romano, A. Oziȩbło, Alessandro Carosi, Keith Bechtol, Elisa Prandini, S. Cavazzani, A. Zagdański, Francesca Volpe, Helene Sol, Ryan Heller, S. Vercellone, A. Bonardi, D. Garrido, Jose Miguel Miranda, Jürgen Barnstedt, Hiroshi Muraishi, Nathan Smith, D. Naumann, German Martinez, F.C. Antico, Kenji Toma, B. Cerruti, S. Couturier, R. Bühler, A. Gadola, F. Guilloux, M. Paz Arribas, F. Dubois, Victor Zabalza, A. G. Akhperjanian, Eckhard Kendziorra, Tomonori Totani, Universitat de Barcelona, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CTA, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), CTA Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), M., Acti, G., Agnetta, F., Aharonian, A., Akhperjanian, J., Aleksic, E., Aliu, D., Allan, I., Allekotte, F., Antico, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Aravantino, T., Arlen, H., Arnaldi, S., Artmann, K., Asano, H., Asorey, J., Baehr, A., Bai, C., Baixera, S., Bajtlik, D., Bali, A., Bamba, C., Barbier, M., Barcelo, A., Barnacka, J., Barnstedt, U. B., De, J. A., Barrio, S., Basso, D., Bastieri, C., Bauer, J., Becerra, Y., Becherini, K., Bechtol, J., Becker, V., Beckmann, W., Bednarek, B., Behera, M., Beilicke, M., Belluso, M., Benallou, W., Benbow, J., Berdugo, K., Berger, T., Bernardino, K., Bernloehr, A., Biland, S., Billotta, T., Bird, E., Birsin, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, S., Blake, O., Blanch, A. A., Bobkov, L., Bogacz, M., Bogdan, C., Boisson, J., Boix, J., Bolmont, G., Bonanno, A., Bonardi, T., Bonev, J., Borkowski, O., Botner, A., Bottani, M., Bourgeat, C., Boutonnet, A., Bouvier, S., Brau Nogue, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M. S., Brigg, P., Brun, L., Brunetti, H., Buckley, V., Bugaev, R., Buehler, T., Bulik, G., Busetto, S., Buson, K., Byrum, M., Caille, R., Cameron, R., Canestrari, S., Cantu, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, J., Carr, P. H., Carton, M., Casiraghi, H., Castarede, O., Catalano, S., Cavazzani, S., Cazaux, B., Cerruti, M., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, J., Chiang, M., Chikawa, M., Cieslar, M., Ciesielska, A., Cilli, C., Clerc, P., Colin, J., Colome, M., Compin, P., Conconi, V., Connaughton, J., Conrad, J. L., Contrera, P., Coppi, M., Corlier, P., Corona, O., Corpace, D., Corti, J., Cortina, H., Costantini, G., Cotter, B., Courty, S., Couturier, S., Covino, J., Croston, G., Cusumano, M. K., Daniel, F., Dazzi, A., Deangeli, E. d., Cea, E. M., De, O. d., Jager, I. d., La, G. D., La, B. D., Lotto, M. d., Nauroi, E. d., Ona, V. d., Souza, B., Decerprit, C., Deil, E., Delagne, G., Deleglise, C., Delgado, T., Dettlaff, A. D., Paolo, F. D., Pierro, C., Diaz, J., Dick, H., Dickinson, S. 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J., Garcia, D., Garrido, L., Garrido, D., Gascon, C., Gasq, M., Gaug, J., Gaweda, N., Geffroy, C., Ghag, A., Ghedina, M., Ghigo, E., Gianakaki, S., Giarrusso, G., Giavitto, B., Giebel, E., Giro, P., Giubilato, T., Glanzman, J. . ., F., M., Gochna, V., Golev, M. G., Berisso, A., Gonzalez, F., Gonzalez, F., Granena, R., Graciani, J., Granot, R., Gredig, A., Green, T., Greenshaw, O., Grimm, J., Grube, M., Grudzinska, J., Grygorczuk, V., Guarino, L., Guglielmi, F., Guilloux, S., Gunji, G., Gyuk, D., Hadasch, D., Haefner, R., Hagiwara, J., Hahn, A., Hallgren, S., Hara, M. J., Hardcastle, T., Hassan, T., Haubold, M., Hauser, M., Hayashida, R., Heller, G., Henri, G., Hermann, A., Herrero, J. A., Hinton, D., Hoffmann, W., Hofmann, P., Hofverberg, D., Horn, D., Hrupec, H., Huan, B., Huber, J. . ., M., G., Hughe, K., Hultquist, T. B., Humensky, A., Ibarra, J. 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Subjects: Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Astronómicas, IACT, next generation Cherenkov telescopes, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Design concepts, Ground based gamma ray astronomy, Observatory, Gamma ray astronomy, Instruments astronòmics, Ingeniería Aeronáutica, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Bursts, Radiation, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Particles, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Magic Telescope, design concepts, Electricidad, Simulation, GAMMA-RAY PULSARS, Optical-System, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPE, VHE Gamma ray, QUASAR, cosmic rays, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Partícules (Física nuclear), 0103 physical sciences, Astronomia de raigs gamma, 14. Life underwater, 1St Detection, Cherenkov radiation, Particles (Nuclear physics), Astroparticle physics, Telescopis, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy, Astronomical instruments, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cosmic-Rays, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Induced Air-Showers, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Next generation Cherenkov telescope, Tev, ground based gamma ray astronomy, Telescopes
Abstract: Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA., La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivo., Departamento de Aeronáutica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas

45. G-APDs in Cherenkov astronomy: The FACT camera

Author: Thomas Bretz, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, T. Krähenbühl, B. Krumm, J.-P. Lenain, Wolfgang Rhode, Ulf Roser, U. Horisberger, Oliver Grimm, Adrian Biland, J.-H. Köhne, K. S. Kim, Q. Weitzel, R. Walter, K. Warda, M. Meharga, H. Anderhub, Werner Lustermann, Karl Mannheim, Daniela Dorner, G. Viertel, M. Lee, E. Lorenz, Michael Backes, A. Gendotti, O. Tibolla, B. Huber, D. Neise, V. Commichau, H. von Gunten, L. Djambazov, D. Hildebrand, A. Boller, M. Ribordy, Julia Thaele, J.-P. Stucki, A.-K. Overkemping, J. Schneider, Patrick Vogler, C. Farnier, Dieter Renker, Ilana M. Braun, R. Rohlfs, Felicitas Pauss, and Etienne Lyard
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Gamma-ray astronomy, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Astronomy, Avalanche photodiode, Photodiode, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, Cherenkov telescope, law, Optoelectronics, business, Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APD, SiPM) are a much discussed alternative to photomultiplier tubes in Cherenkov astronomy. The First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) collaboration builds a camera based on a hexagonal array of 1440 G-APDs and has now finalized its construction phase. A light-collecting solid PMMA cone is glued to each G-APD to eliminate dead space between the G-APDs by increasing the active area, and to restrict the light collection angle of the sensor to the reflector area in order to reduce the amount of background light. The processing of the signals is integrated in the camera and includes the digitization using the domino ring sampling chip DRS4. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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