250 results on '"T. Jacques"'
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2. Crowdsourcing Design Guidance for Contextual Adaptation of Text Content in Augmented Reality.
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John J. Dudley, Jason T. Jacques, and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2021
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3. Investigating the Accessibility of Crowdwork Tasks on Mechanical Turk.
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Stephen Uzor, Jason T. Jacques, John J. Dudley, and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2021
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4. CHI 2020: Right Here, Right Now?: A bottom-up approach to estimating the carbon emissions from more than twenty years of CHI conference travel.
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Jason T. Jacques
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- 2020
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5. Professionally Created Content Related to HPV Vaccination on TikTok
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Corey H. Basch, Grace C. Hillyer, and Erin T. Jacques
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TikTok ,Human Papillomavirus (HPV) ,vaccination ,professional—patient relations ,social media ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
Despite the protective abilities of the HPV vaccine, roughly half of adolescents in the United States have not completed the recommended HPV vaccine series. Professionals have taken to using social media platforms to encourage health behaviors such as receipt of the HPV vaccine. As such, the purpose of this study was to identify content created by professionals related to HPV on TikTok. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2022 using the hashtag #HPV Vaccine to examine the 100 English language videos created by people who claimed to be health professionals. In addition to capturing metadata, each videos' content and subsequent comments were coded. Overall, 75.0% of the videos mentioned HPV-related cancer but few discussed vaccination as a cancer preventive measure (40.0%). More than half (52.0%) of the comments were neutral in tone and most focused on cancer (54.0%), alternative medicine (58.0%), and general questions about vaccination (62.0%). Comments about videos with greater numbers of “likes” more often mentioned cancer (85.0% vs. 46.3%, p = 0.002), the age at which to get vaccinated (70.0% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.02) and more frequently posed questions about vaccination (80.0% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.002) and cost and insurance coverage of vaccination (35.0% vs. 11.3%, p = 0.02) compared to videos with fewer “likes.” The power of provider information is paramount with HPV vaccine uptake. As providers increasingly create health messages on platforms such as TikTok, it is important that they remain aware of the potential for opposing or non-factual discourse.
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- 2022
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6. Design Strategies for Efficient Access to Mobile Device Users via Amazon Mechanical Turk.
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Jason T. Jacques and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2017
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7. Immigration status as a determinant of health information-seeking behavior among undergraduates of color at an urban commuter college
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Vincent Jones II, Sungwoo Kim, Apeksha H. Mewani, Erin T. Jacques, Mary-Andrée Ardouin-Guerrier, Shyanne Huggins, and Corey H. Basch
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Health (social science) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Education - Abstract
Background: Health information-seeking behavior (HISB) of college students is of importance due to health information inconsistencies at a time when personal independence and concurrent personal health decision making may be increased. Currently, there is a dearth of research about the HISB of college students, especially from diverse backgrounds. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and describe the sources college students use when engaging in HISB; and to explore associations between HISB and demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students at a diverse, public institution in New York City. The sample was drawn from an institutional social science research pool and asked to complete a survey on HISB. A total of 226 respondents completed the survey. Results: The believed accuracy of the information found online was positively correlated with related behaviors and beliefs. The number of followers on Instagram proved to be an important mediator of HISB of college students. The number of followers a health information provider has was fittingly positively correlated with the belief that social media is a helpful resource for health information r(233)=0.18, P=0.01. Students from families with two or more generations living in the United States accessed health professionals more frequently than students from one or less generation (χ2=8.107(2), P=0.017). Conclusion: Targeted educational programs designed to increase health information seeking skills, including discernment of information quality should be a priority for college students.
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- 2022
8. #StopAsianHate: A content analysis of TikTok videos focused on racial discrimination against Asians and Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Erin T. Jacques, Corey H. Basch, Joseph Fera, and Vincent Jones
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- 2023
9. Crowdsourcing Technology to Support Academic Research.
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Matthias Hirth, Jason T. Jacques, Peter Rodgers 0001, Ognjen Scekic, and Michael Wybrow
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- 2015
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10. Understanding the effects of code presentation.
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Jason T. Jacques and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2015
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11. Capital regulations, supervision and the international harmonization of bank capital ratios
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Kevin T. Jacques
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1988 and revised Basel Accords ,bank supervision ,international harmonization of capital requirements ,risk-based capital ratio ,Banking ,HG1501-3550 - Abstract
In recent decades, despite the Basel Committee’s effort to develop internationally uniform regulatory capital standards, the capital ratios of banks across countries continue to exhibit significant differences. This paper examines the fundamental question of whether, given a uniform regulatory capital standard, regulators should expect similar banks to exhibit similar risk-based capital ratios. More specifically, this study develops a one-period theoretical model to examine the level playing field argument in light of not only uniform regulatory capital standards but also differences in bank supervision. The results of the theoretical model suggest that even with an internationally uniform risk-based capital requirement, it is unreasonable to expect banks in different countries to hold similar capital ratios. This occurs, in part, because regulators have discretion in how they apply the risk-based capital standards. Furthermore, the results suggest that a necessary condition for banks to exhibit similar capital ratios is that uniform capital requirements must be accompanied by a uniform stringency and application of regulatory supervision.
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- 2017
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12. Debate in Public Versus Independent Secondary Schools in New York City: Post-COVID-19 Health literacy and Equal Access to Basic Educational Opportunities
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Erin T. Jacques, Corey H. Basch, Joseph Fera, and Charles E. Basch
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Health (social science) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Published
- 2022
13. Crowdworker Economics in the Gig Economy.
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Jason T. Jacques and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2019
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14. Crowdsourcing Interface Feature Design with Bayesian Optimization.
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John J. Dudley, Jason T. Jacques, and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2019
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15. Utilisation des outils e-learning dans la formation en chirurgie: résultats préliminaires à l’Université Gaston Berger (Sénégal).
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N., Abdourahmane, C. D., Adja, L. D., Mohamed, N. T., Jacques, M. M. N., Philippe, C., Mamadou, and K., Ibrahima
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Copyright of Revue Africaine de Chirurgie et Spécialités is the property of Faculty of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
16. Differentiation of online text-based advertising and the effect on users' click behavior.
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Jason T. Jacques, Mark J. Perry, and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2015
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17. Crowdsourcing a HIT: Measuring Workers' Pre-Task Interactions on Microtask Markets.
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Jason T. Jacques and Per Ola Kristensson
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- 2013
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18. Maternal Power Assertive Discipline and Children’s Adjustment in High-Risk Families: A Social Domain Theory Approach
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Debrielle T. Jacques, Melissa L. Sturge-Apple, Patrick T. Davies, and Dante Cicchetti
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Power (social and political) ,High risk families ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Socialization ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Social domain ,Assertiveness ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,media_common ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
The goal of the present study was to examine associations between maternal use of power assertive parenting across different discipline contexts and children’s adjustment in a sample of low-income, racially diverse families. Drawing from social domain perspectives on parenting, we specifically examined discipline in response to child transgressions in conventional, moral, and prudential contexts. In turn, we tested how power assertive discipline within these domains may be differentially linked to children’s externalizing and internalizing symptomatology over time. Participants included 201 toddlers and their mothers who were assessed across two waves spaced two years apart. Results indicated that mothers were more likely to endorse power assertive parenting within prudential contexts compared to others. Longitudinal analyses revealed that power assertive discipline in the conventional domain was primarily associated with internalizing symptoms while the moral domain was associated with externalizing symptoms over time. Moreover, domains of caregiving were differentially associated with substantive constructs as opposed to sociodemographic constructs. The results are interpreted within social domain conceptualizations of socialization that underscore how distinct domains may differentially impact children’s socio-emotional adjustment.
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- 2021
19. Management of children and young people with idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening, central diabetes insipidus, or both: a national clinical practice consensus guideline.
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M, Cerbone, primary, J, Visser, additional, C, Bulwer, additional, A, Ederies, additional, K, Vallabhaneni, additional, S, Ball, additional, I, Kamaly-Asl, additional, A, Grossman, additional, H, Gleeson, additional, M, Korbonits, additional, V, Nanduri, additional, V, Tziaferi, additional, T, Jacques, additional, and HA, Spoudeas, additional
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- 2022
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20. 808 Seizures in Sturge-Weber syndrome are associated with disrupted calcium metabolism
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D. Zecchin, N. Knoepfel, A.K. Gluck, M. Stevenson, H. Richardson, S. Polubothu, A. Inoue, K. Lines, A. Chesover, T. Jacques, F. Hannan, U. Loebel, R. Semple, R.V. Thakker, and V.A. Kinsler
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Cell Biology ,Dermatology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
21. Parsing alcohol-dependent mothers’ insensitivity to child distress: Longitudinal links with children’s affective and anxiety problems
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Patrick T. Davies, Debrielle T. Jacques, Melissa L. Sturge-Apple, and Dante Cicchetti
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Intrusiveness ,Child psychopathology ,Alcohol dependence ,Mothers ,Anxiety ,Affect (psychology) ,Anxiety Disorders ,Mother-Child Relations ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Alcoholism ,Distress ,Child, Preschool ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Disengagement theory ,medicine.symptom ,Child ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,Demography ,Psychopathology - Abstract
Prior work suggests that substance-dependent mothers insensitively respond to their child's emotional needs, which can increase children's risk for psychopathology. However, the mechanisms and processes underlying these associations remain unclarified. Mothers' insensitivity to children's distress is an especially unique predictor of child maladjustment, yet no study has examined whether or how different types of insensitivity to child distress uniquely affect the development of internalizing problems in children of alcohol-dependent mothers. To bridge these gaps, this study examined longitudinal mediational pathways between maternal alcohol dependence symptoms, 2 types of maternal insensitivity to child distress (disengagement and intrusiveness), and 2 types of child internalizing symptoms (affective and anxiety problems) in a majority Black and Latinx sample of young children (Mage = 2.14 years) and their mothers. Results revealed that maternal disengagement mediated associations between maternal alcohol dependence symptoms and child internalizing problems such that alcohol dependence predicted increased disengagement to children's distress, which subsequently predicted increases in children's affective problems. Maternal alcohol dependence symptoms were not associated with intrusiveness to child distress; however, increased intrusiveness predicted later increases in child anxiety problems. Findings support a differentiated approach to studying maternal insensitivity to child distress, specifically indicating that mothers with alcohol dependence symptoms may be more or less likely to display certain types of insensitivity to child distress which may differentially influence children's risk for internalizing problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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- 2021
22. 15 minutes pour comprendre et évaluer un logiciel d’intelligence artificielle appliquée à l’imagerie médicale
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Martin Bretzner, Gregory Kuchcinski, T. Jacques, J.-P. Pruvo, A. Hutt, Renaud Lopes, S. Yepremian, and M. Gautherot
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03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging - Abstract
Resume Introduction L’intelligence artificielle prend une place importante dans l’imagerie medicale. Les radiologues ont une perception optimiste de cette evolution, mais manquent d’outils pour comprendre et evaluer l’efficacite des logiciels. Message principal Cet article met en lumiere les 4 points-cles qu’il faut connaitre pour evaluer un logiciel d’intelligence artificielle : la qualite de la base de donnees dite « d’apprentissage », la maniere dont les donnees ont ete « annotees », l’entrainement du modele et l’evaluation des performances du modele. Conclusion Par une approche simple, le radiologue peut ainsi evaluer la qualite d’un logiciel d’intelligence artificielle.
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- 2021
23. Preparation and Morphological Analysis of Chick Cranial Neural Crest Cell Cultures
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Laura S. Gammill, Callie M. Gustafson, Julaine Roffers-Agarwal, and Bridget T. Jacques-Fricke
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General Immunology and Microbiology ,Cell Movement ,Neural Crest ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Neuroscience ,Peripheral Nervous System ,Embryo, Mammalian ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
During vertebrate development, neural crest cells (NCCs) migrate extensively and differentiate into various cell types that contribute to structures like the craniofacial skeleton and the peripheral nervous system. While it is critical to understand NCC migration in the context of a 3D embryo, isolating migratory cells in 2D culture facilitates visualization and functional characterization, complementing embryonic studies. The present protocol demonstrates a method for isolating chick cranial neural folds to generate primary NCC cultures. Migratory NCCs emerge from neural fold explants plated onto a fibronectin-coated substrate. This results in dispersed, adherent NCC populations that can be assessed by staining and quantitative morphological analyses. This simplified culture approach is highly adaptable and can be combined with other techniques. For example, NCC emigration and migratory behaviors can be evaluated by time-lapse imaging or functionally queried by including inhibitors or experimental manipulations of gene expression (e.g., DNA, morpholino, or CRISPR electroporation). Because of its versatility, this method provides a powerful system for investigating cranial NCC development.
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- 2022
24. News Coverage of Colorectal Cancer on Google News: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
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Corey H Basch, Grace C Hillyer, and Erin T Jacques
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BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the United States. The incidence and prevalence of CRC have historically increased with age. Although rates of CRC in the United States have been decreasing over the past decades among those aged ≥65 years, there has been an uptick among those in younger age brackets. Google News is one of the biggest traffic drivers to top news sites. It aggregates and shares news highlights from multiple sources worldwide and organizes them by content type. Despite the widespread use of Google News, research is lacking on the type of CRC content represented in this news source. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze content related to CRC screening and prevention in Google News articles published during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month (March 2022). METHODS Data collection for this cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022—National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. Using the term colorectal cancer, 100 English-language Google News articles were extracted and coded for content. A combined approach—deductive and inductive coding—was utilized. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and frequency distributions were reported. Univariable analyses were performed to assess differences between articles that mentioned CRC screening and those that did not via chi-square tests. RESULTS Of the 100 articles reviewed, nearly half (n=49, 49%) were created by health news organizations, and another 27% (n=27) were created by television news services. The predominant themes in the content included age at the onset of disease (n=59, 59%), mortality related to CRC (n=57, 57%), and the severity of disease (n=50, 50%). Only 18% (n=18) of articles discussed CRC disparities, 23% (n=23) mentioned that there are hereditary forms of the disease, 36% (n=36) spoke of colonoscopy to screen for the disease, and 37% (n=37) mentioned how the disease is treated. Although most articles mentioned CRC screening (n=61, 61%), it was striking that sex was only mentioned in 34% (21/61) of these articles, colonoscopy was mentioned in 46% (28/61), and diet was mentioned in 30% (18/61). CONCLUSIONS Heightening the public’s awareness of this disease is important, but it is critical that messages related to how preventable this cancer is, who is the most likely to develop CRC, and what can be done to detect it in the early stages when the disease is the most curable be the critical elements of dialogue, particularly during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. There is a need to disseminate information about early-onset CRC and the importance of screening, especially among populations with low rates of uptake. Web-based news is potentially an underutilized communication mechanism for promoting CRC screenings as secondary prevention measures for high-risk groups.
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- 2022
25. The transgender healthcare tag ontology project
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T. Jacques, A. Davenport, A. Dieter, and C. Iglesia
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Obstetrics and Gynecology - Published
- 2023
26. Long Haul COVID-19 Videos on YouTube: Implications for Health Communication
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Erin T. Jacques, Corey H. Basch, Eunsun Park, Betty Kollia, and Emma Barry
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Health (social science) ,Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome ,Health Communication ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Video Recording ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Social Media ,Language - Abstract
The term COVID-19 "long haul" originated on social media and was later studied by the scientific community. This study describes content related to persistent COVID-19 symptoms on YouTube. The 100 most viewed English-language videos identified with the keywords "COVID-19 long haul" were assessed for video origin, engagement, and content related to COVID-19 long-haul. The findings indicate that the majority of videos were uploaded by television or internet news (56%), followed by consumers (members of the public, 32%), health professionals (only 9%), and lastly by entertainment TV (non-news programs, 3%). Videos originating from entertainment TV were significantly more likely to be "liked" than videos from other sources. The most commonly mentioned long-haul symptoms in the videos were physical (fatigue, 73%; difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, 56%; and joint or muscle pain, 49%) and cognitive (difficulty thinking or concentrating; 69%). The case of COVID-19 long haul demonstrates that social media are significant fora whereon the public identify health concerns. It is necessary for healthcare professionals to assume an active and responsible role in social media.
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- 2022
27. Prophylactic Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation in High Risk Cardiac Surgery: The PINBALL Pilot Multicentre, Registry-Linked, Randomised, Controlled Feasibility Trial
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Edward Litton, Elizabeth Yarad, Julian A. Smith, Anthony Delaney, Noah Solman, Hugh Playford, Graham S. Hillis, Jennene Miller, Rachael Parke, Cheryl Dickson, Shay McGuiness, Christopher M. Reid, Deborah Inskip, Frances Bass, T. Jacques, Lavinia Tran, and David C. McGiffin
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Myocardial Ischemia ,Pilot Projects ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Balloon ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Risk Factors ,law ,Preoperative Care ,medicine ,Humans ,Registries ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Risk factor ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation ,Surgical team ,Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping ,High risk patients ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Surgery ,Cardiac surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Low cardiac output syndrome ,Feasibility Studies ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Prophylactic intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) is commonly used in selected patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, but definitive evidence is lacking. The aim of the multicentre PINBALL Pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to assess the feasibility of performing a definitive trial to address this question. Methods Patients listed for CABG surgery with impaired left ventricular function and at least one additional risk factor for postoperative low cardiac output syndrome were eligible for inclusion if the treating surgical team was uncertain as to the benefit of prophylactic IABC. The primary outcome of feasibility was based on exceeding a pre-specified recruitment rate, protocol compliance and follow-up. Results The recruitment rate of 0.5 participants per site per month did not meet the feasibility threshold of two participants per site per month and the study was stopped early after enrolment of 24 out of the planned sample size of 40 participants. For 20/24 (83%) participants, preoperative IABC use occurred according to study assignment. Six (6)-month follow-up was available for all enrolled participants, [IABC 1 death (8%) vs. control 1 death (9%), p = 0.95]. Conclusion The PINBALL Pilot recruitment rate was insufficient to demonstrate feasibility of a multicentre RCT of prophylactic IABC in high risk patients undergoing CABG surgery.
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- 2020
28. Review on biological and immunomodulatory properties of Moringa oleifera in animal and human nutrition
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Dougnon T. Jacques, Soha S. S. Arnaud, Adouko S. Jacques, and Ohouko O. H. Fréjus
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Moringa ,Human nutrition ,Traditional medicine ,Biological property ,visual_art ,fungi ,Drug Discovery ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,food and beverages ,Bark ,Biology ,Antimicrobial - Abstract
Moringa oleifera, also called "miracle tree" or "tree for life" is a tree native from India. Highly resistant to drought, M. oleifera grows very well in tropical regions, including Benin. It is a plant with very high nutritional values. The different parts of the plant (leaves, fruiots, seeds, roots, bark and flowers) have multiple uses, both therapeutic and nutritional, with uses in human and animals. The leaves for example, are rich in minerals, vitamins, phenolic compounds like phenolic acids, tannins, flavonoids, phytosterols, and alkaloids. It is reported that M. oleifera had anaphylactic, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antimicrobial properties. The present study focuses on the biological properties of Moringa so that it can be used in the treatment of viral diseases in chicken. Key words: Moringa oleifera, bioactive compounds, biological properties.
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- 2020
29. Bladder paragangliomas: a pictorial review
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Samuel J. Withey, Dimitra Christodoulou, Davide Prezzi, Giles Rottenberg, Cherry Sit, Fahim Ul-Hassan, Paul Carroll, Anand Velusamy, Louise Izatt, Rajesh Nair, and Audrey E. T. Jacques
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Paraganglioma ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Urology ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Urinary Bladder ,Gastroenterology ,Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ,Organometallic Compounds ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Pheochromocytoma ,Radionuclide Imaging - Abstract
Bladder paragangliomas (bPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors arising from the sympathetic paraganglia present in the bladder wall. Bladder PGLs are typically submucosal or intramural but when subserosal may not be readily visible at cystoscopy. The average size at presentation is 3.9 cm (range 1.0-9.1 cm). When small, bPGL are usually spherical, well-marginated and homogeneous. Larger bPGL are typically more complex with peri- and intra-tumoral neovascularity and central necrosis. On ultrasound, increased color Doppler signal is typical. The increased soft tissue resolution of MRI enables localization of bPGL within the bladder wall more accurately than CT. Restricted diffusion and avid contrast enhancement help differentiate small bPGLs from leiomyomas, which have similar appearances on ultrasound and CT. Nuclear medicine techniques identify bPGLs and their metastases with high specificity
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- 2022
30. Crowdsourcing design guidance for contextual adaptation of text content in augmented reality
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Jason T. Jacques, Per Ola Kristensson, John Dudley, Bjørn, Pernille, Drucker, Steven, and University of St Andrews. School of Computer Science
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QA75 ,Computer science ,QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science ,Context (language use) ,Mobile Web ,02 engineering and technology ,Augmented reality ,Crowdsourcing ,QA76 ,User experience design ,QA76 Computer software ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Adaptation (computer science) ,050107 human factors ,MCC ,Data collection ,Operationalization ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,DAS ,NIS ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Privacy ,business ,Software - Abstract
Funding: This work was supported by EPSRC (grants EP/R004471/1 and EP/S027432/1). Supporting data for this publication is available at https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.62931. Augmented Reality (AR) can deliver engaging user experiences that seamlessly meld virtual content with the physical environment. However, building such experiences is challenging due to the developer's inability to assess how uncontrolled deployment contexts may infuence the user experience. To address this issue, we demonstrate a method for rapidly conducting AR experiments and real-world data collection in the user's own physical environment using a privacy-conscious mobile web application. The approach leverages the large number of distinct user contexts accessible through crowdsourcing to efficiently source diverse context and perceptual preference data. The insights gathered through this method complement emerging design guidance and sample-limited lab-based studies. The utility of the method is illustrated by reexamining the design challenge of adapting AR text content to the user's environment. Finally, we demonstrate how gathered design insight can be operationalized to provide adaptive text content functionality in an AR headset. Publisher PDF
- Published
- 2021
31. Prediction of a positive circumferential resection margin at surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus
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William R. C. Knight, A. E. T. Jacques, Nick Maisey, Orla Hynes, S. George, Connie Yip, Nyree Griffin, Mark L. Green, CM Iezzi, Cara R. Baker, A. Qureshi, B. Gill‐Barman, Sebastian Zeki, David Landau, Andrew Gaya, Wahyu Wulaningsih, Ula Mahadeva, Jason M Dunn, Jesper Lagergren, S. Ngan, J Zylstra, G. Tham, Mark Kelly, James A. Gossage, Vicky Goh, J. Meenan, Fuju Chang, M. Van Hemelrijck, H. Deere, and Andrew Davies
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Esophageal Neoplasms ,Lymphovascular invasion ,lcsh:Surgery ,Adenocarcinoma ,Risk Assessment ,Esophagus ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Upper GI ,Humans ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Margins of Excision ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,lcsh:RD1-811 ,Original Articles ,Esophageal cancer ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Chemotherapy regimen ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,Surgery ,Tumor Burden ,Esophagectomy ,ROC Curve ,Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ,Predictive value of tests ,Preoperative Period ,Feasibility Studies ,Original Article ,Female ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Progressive disease - Abstract
Background A positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) has been associated with higher rates of locoregional recurrence and worse survival in oesophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to establish if clinicopathological and radiological variables might predict CRM positivity in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods Multivariable analysis of clinicopathological and CT imaging characteristics considered potentially predictive of CRM was performed at initial staging and following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Prediction models were constructed. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (c.i.) from 1000 bootstrapping was assessed. Results A total of 223 patients were included in the study. Poor differentiation (odds ratio (OR) 2·84, 95 per cent c.i. 1·39 to 6·01) and advanced clinical tumour status (T3–4) (OR 2·93, 1·03 to 9·48) were independently associated with an increased CRM risk at diagnosis. CT‐assessed lack of response (stable or progressive disease) following chemotherapy independently corresponded with an increased risk of CRM positivity (OR 3·38, 1·43 to 8·50). Additional CT evidence of local invasion and higher CT tumour volume (14 cm3) improved the performance of a prediction model, including all the above parameters, with an AUC (c‐index) of 0·76 (0·67 to 0·83). Variables associated with significantly higher rates of locoregional recurrence were pN status (P = 0·020), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0·007) and poor response to chemotherapy (Mandard score 4–5) (P = 0·006). CRM positivity was associated with a higher locoregional recurrence rate, but this was not statistically significant (P = 0·092). Conclusion The presence of advanced cT status, poor tumour differentiation, and CT‐assessed lack of response to chemotherapy, higher tumour volume and local invasion can be used to identify patients at risk of a positive CRM following neoadjuvant chemotherapy., A positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) has been shown to be an adverse prognostic indicator after oesophagectomy for adenocarcinoma. Clinical tumour status, tumour volume, poor differentiation, lack of response following chemotherapy and radiological assessment of invasion can be used to predict CRM positivity in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. CRM assessment is still important
- Published
- 2019
32. News Coverage of Colorectal Cancer on Google News: Descriptive Study
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Corey H Basch, Grace C Hillyer, and Erin T Jacques
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the United States. The incidence and prevalence of CRC have historically increased with age. Although rates of CRC in the United States have been decreasing over the past decades among those aged ≥65 years, there has been an uptick among those in younger age brackets. Google News is one of the biggest traffic drivers to top news sites. It aggregates and shares news highlights from multiple sources worldwide and organizes them by content type. Despite the widespread use of Google News, research is lacking on the type of CRC content represented in this news source. Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze content related to CRC screening and prevention in Google News articles published during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month (March 2022). Methods Data collection for this cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022—National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. Using the term colorectal cancer, 100 English-language Google News articles were extracted and coded for content. A combined approach—deductive and inductive coding—was utilized. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and frequency distributions were reported. Univariable analyses were performed to assess differences between articles that mentioned CRC screening and those that did not via chi-square tests. Results Of the 100 articles reviewed, nearly half (n=49, 49%) were created by health news organizations, and another 27% (n=27) were created by television news services. The predominant themes in the content included age at the onset of disease (n=59, 59%), mortality related to CRC (n=57, 57%), and the severity of disease (n=50, 50%). Only 18% (n=18) of articles discussed CRC disparities, 23% (n=23) mentioned that there are hereditary forms of the disease, 36% (n=36) spoke of colonoscopy to screen for the disease, and 37% (n=37) mentioned how the disease is treated. Although most articles mentioned CRC screening (n=61, 61%), it was striking that sex was only mentioned in 34% (21/61) of these articles, colonoscopy was mentioned in 46% (28/61), and diet was mentioned in 30% (18/61). Conclusions Heightening the public’s awareness of this disease is important, but it is critical that messages related to how preventable this cancer is, who is the most likely to develop CRC, and what can be done to detect it in the early stages when the disease is the most curable be the critical elements of dialogue, particularly during National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. There is a need to disseminate information about early-onset CRC and the importance of screening, especially among populations with low rates of uptake. Web-based news is potentially an underutilized communication mechanism for promoting CRC screenings as secondary prevention measures for high-risk groups.
- Published
- 2022
33. Studying programmer behaviour at scale : a case study using Amazon Mechanical Turk
- Author
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Per Ola Kristensson, Jason T. Jacques, Church, Luke, Chiba, Shigeru, Boix, Elisa Gonzalez, and University of St Andrews. School of Computer Science
- Subjects
QA75 ,Computer science ,Computer Networks and Communications ,QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science ,Crowdsourcing ,programming ,QA76 ,Software ,QA76 Computer software ,Code (cryptography) ,Behaviour ,Programmer ,MCC ,business.industry ,Scale (chemistry) ,Small sample ,DAS ,NIS ,behaviour ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Programming ,crowdsourcing ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,business ,Software engineering ,Syntax highlighting ,Coding (social sciences) - Abstract
Funding: This work was funded by an EPSRC studentship and EPSRC grant EP/R004471/1. Data available at https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.66593. Developing and maintaining a correct and consistent model of how code will be executed is an ongoing challenge for software developers. However, validating the tools and techniques we develop to aid programmers can be a challenge plagued by small sample sizes, high costs, or poor generalisability. This paper serves as a case study using a web-based crowdsourcing approach to study programmer behaviour at scale. We demonstrate this method to create controlled coding experiments at modest cost, highlight the efficacy of this approach with objective validation, and comment on notable findings from our prototype experiment into one of the most ubiquitous, yet understudied, features of modern software development environments: syntax highlighting. Postprint
- Published
- 2021
34. CHI 2020: Right Here, Right Now?
- Author
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Jason T. Jacques
- Subjects
Economic growth ,05 social sciences ,Climate change ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Top-down and bottom-up design ,Cognitive reframing ,Term (time) ,Work (electrical) ,Political science ,Greenhouse gas ,Sustainability ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Set (psychology) ,050107 human factors - Abstract
Over the last twenty years the CHI conference has grown substantially. However, with the reframing of climate change as a climate crisis, environmental concerns have become increasingly pervasive in the community. In 2019 CHI introduced a sustainability role and set a goal to make CHI more sustainable. In 2020 CHI is in Hawaii. This work looks back over the last two decades and estimates what are substantial and growing CO2 emissions from conference travel. First, it posits how, in the short term, potential environmental damage can be minimised. Second, and longer-term, it invites the community to reflect on research dissemination and how the conference experience may need to change.
- Published
- 2020
35. Blunted Emotional Reactivity in Young Children of Alcohol-Dependent Mothers: The Mediating Role of Maternal Insensitivity to Children’s Emotional Distress
- Author
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Debrielle T. Jacques, Sturge-Apple, Melissa L., Davies, Patrick T, and Cicchetti, Dante
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. DNA methyltransferase 3b is dispensable for mouse neural crest development.
- Author
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Bridget T Jacques-Fricke, Julaine Roffers-Agarwal, and Laura S Gammill
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The neural crest is a population of multipotent cells that migrates extensively throughout vertebrate embryos to form diverse structures. Mice mutant for the de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3b exhibit defects in two neural crest derivatives, the craniofacial skeleton and cardiac ventricular septum, suggesting that DNMT3b activity is necessary for neural crest development. Nevertheless, the requirement for DNMT3b specifically in neural crest cells, as opposed to interacting cell types, has not been determined. Using a conditional DNMT3b allele crossed to the neural crest cre drivers Wnt1-cre and Sox10-cre, neural crest DNMT3b mutants were generated. In both neural crest-specific and fully DNMT3b-mutant embryos, cranial neural crest cells exhibited only subtle migration defects, with increased numbers of dispersed cells trailing organized streams in the head. In spite of this, the resulting cranial ganglia, craniofacial skeleton, and heart developed normally when neural crest cells lacked DNMT3b. This indicates that DNTM3b is not necessary in cranial neural crest cells for their development. We conclude that defects in neural crest derivatives in DNMT3b mutant mice reflect a requirement for DNMT3b in lineages such as the branchial arch mesendoderm or the cardiac mesoderm that interact with neural crest cells during formation of these structures.
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Protective Silastic® sheet in combined transorbital and transnasal resection of sinonasal lesions
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T. Jacques, F. Ting, P. Surda, C. Hopkins, and Nikul Amin
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medicine.medical_specialty ,endoscopic ,business.operation ,csf leak ,business.industry ,tumour ,skull base ,transorbital ,General Medicine ,Silastic ,Surgery ,Resection ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,medicine ,business ,Transorbital - Abstract
Background: Combined transorbital and transnasal endoscopic surgery for access to the skull base has contributed to the gradual expansion of the remit of the endoscopic skull base surgeon. Method: We present our technique of Silastic® sheet aided combined transorbital and transnasal endoscopic resection of anterior skull base malignancies, with a description of surgical technique and our method of safeguarding the orbital contents with appropriate suggested indications. Results: Patient underwent resection of non-intestinal type adenocarcinoma. There were no immediate or delayed postoperative complications related to transorbital access. Conclusion: In cases where tumour infiltrates medial orbital wall and there is an indication to remove the lamina papyracea and/or periorbita, we find the initial transorbital approach advantageous to find a dissection plane in healthy tissue and to achieve partial devascularisation of tumour by cauterisation of anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery. Moreover, this approach can be combined with intraorbital placement of Silastick sheet to prevent a prolapse of orbital contents into the nasal cavity during transnasal resection which may lead to its damage.
- Published
- 2018
38. Maternal alcohol dependence and harsh caregiving across parenting contexts: The moderating role of child negative emotionality
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Melissa L. Sturge-Apple, Dante Cicchetti, Debrielle T. Jacques, and Patrick T. Davies
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Poison control ,Mothers ,Context (language use) ,Anger ,Suicide prevention ,050105 experimental psychology ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Risk Factors ,Injury prevention ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Association (psychology) ,Child ,media_common ,Parenting ,05 social sciences ,Alcohol dependence ,Human factors and ergonomics ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Alcoholism ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Parental alcohol dependence is a significant risk factor for harsh caregiving behaviors; however, it is unknown whether and how harsh caregiving changes over time and across parenting contexts for alcohol-dependent mothers. Furthermore, to our knowledge, no studies have examined whether and how distinct dimensions of child characteristics, such as negative emotionality modulate harsh caregiving among alcohol-dependent mothers. Guided by parenting process models, the present study examined how two distinct domains of children's negative emotionality—fear and frustration—moderate the association between maternal alcohol dependence and maternal harshness across discipline and free-play contexts. A high-risk sample of 201 mothers and their two-year-old children were studied over a one-year period. Results from latent difference score analyses indicated that harsh parenting among alcohol-dependent mothers increased over time in the more stressful discipline context, but not in the parent–child play context. This effect was maintained even after controlling for other parenting risk factors, including other forms of maternal psychopathology. Furthermore, this increase in harsh parenting was specific to alcohol-dependent mothers whose children were displaying high levels of anger and frustration. Findings provide support for specificity in conceptualizations of child negative emotionality and parenting contexts as potential determinants of maladaptive caregiving among alcohol-dependent mothers.
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- 2019
39. Training in ENT; a comprehensive review of existing evidence
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A. Barac, T. Jacques, P. Mobaraki Deghani, C. Langdon, A.G. Mathioudakis, P. Surda, P.V. Tomazic, and J. Pimentel
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fellowships ,education ,Medical education ,training ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,virtual reality ,rhinology ,General Medicine ,Psychology ,Training (civil) - Abstract
Despite an expansion of fellowship opportunities over the last three decades, there is still incomplete regulation and standardisation of fellowship training. The aim of this comprehensive review was to examine existing evidence about the ear, nose and throat (ENT) training, especially focused on surgical and non-surgical aspects of the training. It is challenging to critically evaluate and compare training programmes across nations for several reasons. Studies on the subject rely entirely on trainee self-reports, without any objective comparators between groups. No evidence exists that directly compares the theoretical or practical attainment of trainees between nations. More fundamentally, trainee exposure to, and competence in, elective surgical procedures, is not the sole measure of a training programme, nor can it be viewed in isolation from the health system’s expectations of a newly-qualified specialist, which may vary. During recent years, the Internet and e-learning methods were implemented into the training curriculum. Also, there is an increasing number of platforms that can host the ENT learning content free of charge. Novel educational tools are powerful alternative to standard teaching techniques within otorhinolaryngology education for both residents and medical students. Overall evidence for virtual reality (VR) simulators could be implemented as adjunct in training programs but cannot replace conventional methods. This is mainly due to the fact that actual surgical outcomes after VR training have not been studied so far, but may be the content of future larger scale studies. The otolaryngologists’ non-surgical training needs to extend beyond the limits of ENT as skills and experience in areas of ENT, respiratory medicine, allergology, infectious diseases, radiology and oncology are required in the diagnosis and management of ENT diseases.
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- 2018
40. Patterns of recurrence in oesophageal cancer following oesophagectomy in the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- Author
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W R C, Knight, J, Zylstra, M, Van Hemelrijck, N, Griffin, A E T, Jacques, N, Maisey, C R, Baker, J A, Gossage, J, Largergren, and A R, Davies
- Subjects
Original Article ,Original Articles - Abstract
Background Tumour recurrence following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer is common despite neoadjuvant treatment. Understanding patterns of recurrence and risk factors associated with locoregional and systemic recurrence might influence future treatment strategies. Methods This was a cohort study involving patients undergoing resection for adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus between 2000 and 2014. Clinicopathological factors associated with locoregional and systemic recurrence were analysed using multivariable logistic regression to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals. Results Some 698 patients were identified. Lymphovascular invasion (OR 2·09, 95 per cent c.i. 1·18 to 3·71) and preoperative stenting (OR 3·70, 1·34 to 10·23) were independent risk factors for isolated locoregional recurrence. Pathological nodal disease in patients with pT1–2 (pN1: OR 2·72, 1·35 to 5·48; pN2–3: OR 5·00, 2·35 to 10·66) or pT3–4 (pN1: OR 3·03, 1·51 to 6·07; pN2–3: OR 5·75, 3·15 to 10·49) disease predisposed to systemic recurrence. Poor or no response to chemotherapy was also an independent risk factor for isolated systemic recurrence (OR 1·85, 1·05 to 3·26). A positive resection margin (R1 resection) was not associated with a significantly increased risk of isolated locoregional recurrence (OR 1·37, 0·81 to 2·33). Conclusion These findings confirm that oesophageal adenocarcinoma is frequently a systemic disease. Understanding the key predictors of local and systemic recurrence may facilitate the tailoring of oncological therapies to the individual patient.
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- 2018
41. Evaluation of cognitive load and emotional states during multidisciplinary critical care simulation sessions
- Author
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Michael Meguerdichian, Kush Deshpande, T. Jacques, Swapnil Pawar, and Raju Pusapati
- Subjects
020205 medical informatics ,Subjective rating ,Applied psychology ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,Education ,law.invention ,Care setting ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Multidisciplinary approach ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Original Research ,multi-disciplinary ,Heterogeneous group ,cognitive load ,emotional state ,simulation ,Intensive care unit ,critical care ,Modeling and Simulation ,Scale (social sciences) ,Psychology ,Knowledge transfer ,Cognitive load - Abstract
BackgroundThe simulation in critical care setting involves a heterogeneous group of participants with varied background and experience. Measuring the impacts of simulation on emotional state and cognitive load in this setting is not often performed. The feasibility of such measurement in the critical care setting needs further exploration.MethodsMedical and nursing staff with varying levels of experience from a tertiary intensive care unit participated in a standardised clinical simulation scenario. The emotional state of each participant was assessed before and after completion of the scenario using a validated eight-item scale containing bipolar oppositional descriptors of emotion. The cognitive load of each participant was assessed after the completion of the scenario using a validated subjective rating tool.ResultsA total of 103 medical and nursing staff participated in the study. The participants felt more relaxed (−0.28±1.15 vs 0.14±1, P0.05).ConclusionA well-designed complex high fidelity critical care simulation scenario can be evaluated to identify the relative cognitive load of the participants’ experience and their emotional state. The movement of learners emotionally from a more negative state to a positive state suggests that simulation can be an effective tool for improved knowledge transfer and offers more opportunity for dynamic thinking.
- Published
- 2017
42. Patterns of recurrence in oesophageal cancer following oesophagectomy in the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- Author
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Nyree Griffin, Cara R. Baker, J Zylstra, Andrew Davies, A. E. T. Jacques, William R. C. Knight, J. Largergren, M. Van Hemelrijck, James A. Gossage, and Nick Maisey
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lymphovascular invasion ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Esophageal cancer ,medicine.disease ,Chemotherapy regimen ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Esophagectomy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Resection margin ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Risk factor ,business ,Neoadjuvant therapy - Abstract
Background Tumour recurrence following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer is common despite neoadjuvant treatment. Understanding patterns of recurrence and risk factors associated with locoregional and systemic recurrence might influence future treatment strategies. Methods This was a cohort study involving patients undergoing resection for adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus between 2000 and 2014. Clinicopathological factors associated with locoregional and systemic recurrence were analysed using multivariable logistic regression to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals. Results Some 698 patients were identified. Lymphovascular invasion (OR 2·09, 95 per cent c.i. 1·18 to 3·71) and preoperative stenting (OR 3·70, 1·34 to 10·23) were independent risk factors for isolated locoregional recurrence. Pathological nodal disease in patients with pT1-2 (pN1: OR 2·72, 1·35 to 5·48; pN2-3: OR 5·00, 2·35 to 10·66) or pT3-4 (pN1: OR 3·03, 1·51 to 6·07; pN2-3: OR 5·75, 3·15 to 10·49) disease predisposed to systemic recurrence. Poor or no response to chemotherapy was also an independent risk factor for isolated systemic recurrence (OR 1·85, 1·05 to 3·26). A positive resection margin (R1 resection) was not associated with a significantly increased risk of isolated locoregional recurrence (OR 1·37, 0·81 to 2·33). Conclusion These findings confirm that oesophageal adenocarcinoma is frequently a systemic disease. Understanding the key predictors of local and systemic recurrence may facilitate the tailoring of oncological therapies to the individual patient.
- Published
- 2017
43. Use of a contact microphone for high-quality recording of snoring during natural or drug-induced sleep
- Author
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T. Jacques, G. Korres, B. Khotecha, Nicolas-Alexander Tatlas, and Stelios M. Potirakis
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,dise ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Medicine ,Audiology ,acoustic analysis ,Otorhinolaryngology ,RF1-547 ,Contact microphone ,Medicine ,Quality (business) ,Sleep (system call) ,endoscopy ,business ,sleep apnoea ,snoring ,media_common - Abstract
Background: Selected adult patients with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) may benefit from surgical intervention. At present, the dominant technique for the diagnosis of the anatomical locus of upper airway obstruction during sleep is drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE). This technique is widespread, but has generated controversy related to its artificiality. Methodology: We present a technique for the acquisition of high-quality and consistent recordings of snoring sounds, suitable for advanced acoustic analysis and correlation with the findings of DISE. Results: Analysis of the generated recordings demonstrates distinct frequency-domain characteristics of snoring sounds generated by distinct anatomical subsites, for example the soft palate, or tongue base. Conclusions: Supplemental information may potentially be obtained from the waveform of snoring sounds produced by the patient; however, no robust quantitative “assay” has been developed or been clinically validated. This may in part be related to inconsistencies or insufficient quality of the sound data acquired. This novel technique may circumvent these difficulties and permit more advanced analysis techniques with potential clinical applicability.
- Published
- 2018
44. Review on biological and immunomodulatory properties of Moringa oleifera in animal and human nutrition
- Author
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Adouko, S. Jacques, primary, Soha, S. S. Arnaud, additional, Ohouko, O. H. Fréjus, additional, and Dougnon, T. Jacques, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Crowdworker Economics in the Gig Economy
- Author
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Per Ola Kristensson and Jason T. Jacques
- Subjects
Labour economics ,Poverty ,Casual ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Crowdsourcing ,Work (electrical) ,Contingent workforce ,Unemployment ,Workforce ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Economics ,Household income ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business ,050107 human factors ,media_common - Abstract
The nature of work is changing. As labor increasingly trends to casual work in the emerging gig economy, understanding the broader economic context is crucial to effective engagement with a contingent workforce. Crowdsourcing represents an early manifestation of this fluid, laisser-faire, on-demand workforce. This work analyzes the results of four large-scale surveys of US-based Amazon Mechanical Turk workers recorded over a six-year period, providing comparable measures to national statistics. Our results show that despite unemployment far higher than national levels, crowdworkers are seeing positive shifts in employment status and household income. Our most recent surveys indicate a trend away from full-time-equivalent crowdwork, coupled with a reduction in estimated poverty levels to below national figures. These trends are indicative of an increasingly flexible workforce, able to maximize their opportunities in a rapidly changing national labor market, which may have material impacts on existing models of crowdworker behavior.
- Published
- 2019
46. Crowdsourcing Interface Feature Design with Bayesian Optimization
- Author
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Jason T. Jacques, Per Ola Kristensson, and John Dudley
- Subjects
Interface (Java) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Bayesian optimization ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Interaction design ,Virtual reality ,Crowdsourcing ,Human–computer interaction ,Software deployment ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Feature (machine learning) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Augmented reality ,business ,Interface design ,050107 human factors ,Deployment environment - Abstract
Designing novel interfaces is challenging. Designers typically rely on experience or subjective judgment in the absence of analytical or objective means for selecting interface parameters. We demonstrate Bayesian optimization as an efficient tool for objective interface feature refinement. Specifically, we show that crowdsourcing paired with Bayesian optimization can rapidly and effectively assist interface design across diverse deployment environments. Experiment 1 evaluates the approach on a familiar 2D interface design problem: a map search and review use case. Adding a degree of complexity, Experiment 2 extends Experiment 1 by switching the deployment environment to mobile-based virtual reality. The approach is then demonstrated as a case study for a fundamentally new and unfamiliar interaction design problem: web-based augmented reality. Finally, we show how the model generated as an outcome of the refinement process can be used for user simulation and queried to deliver various design insights.
- Published
- 2019
47. Five simultaneous artificial intelligence data challenges on ultrasound, CT, and MRI
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B. Bresson, N. Poussange, M. Majer, Marc Zins, D. Guenoun, Olivier Hauger, S. Si-Mohamed, D. Istrati, Théo Estienne, M. Azoulay, S. Molière, Nathalie Lassau, E. Jehanno, C. Balleyguier, Caroline Caramella, A. Bergère, M. Boisserie, J. Behr, F. Dubrulle, J.-F. Meder, François Cornelis, E. Poncelet, A. Paisant, Raphaëlle Renard-Penna, N. Peyron Faure, H. Cauliez, Caroline Malhaire, T. Caramella, A. Perrey, P. de Vomecourt, François Bidault, C. Bordonne, S. Montagne, Alain Luciani, S. Caius Giurca, G. Garcia, M. Faivre-Pierre, Nicolas Amoretti, F. Desmots, Anne Cotten, M. Abitbol, V. Herreros, Aurélie Jalaguier-Coudray, Olivier Rouvière, J.-F. Budzik, J. Cagnol, Laure Fournier, Valérie Juhan, M. Faruch, C. Cyteval, T. Jacques, J. Bocquet, R. Lotte, T. Willaume, J.-L. Drape, S. Brunelle, A. Blum, M. Garetier, L. Di Marco, F. Pigneur, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Imagerie multimodale en cancérologie. (IR4M/U8081 éq.3), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique (RaMo-IT), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Direction de la Transformation Numérique et des Systèmes d’Information, Mathématiques et Informatique pour la Complexité et les Systèmes (MICS), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay, Comité de Cancérologie (CCAFU), Association Française d'Urologie, Département de radiothérapie [Gustave Roussy], Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Centre de Consultations et d’Imagerie de l’Appareil Locomoteur, Service de Radiologie (LILLE - Radio), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de radiologie [CHRU Besancon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Clinique du sport de Bordeaux-Mérignac, Clinique Saint-Jean - Toulon, Polytech'Paris - Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Université (SU), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), inconnu temporaire UPEMLV, Inconnu, Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Application des ultrasons à la thérapie (LabTAU), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (CRMSB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Clermont Tonnerre, Service de Santé des Armées, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Radiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service Imagerie de la femme, CH de Valenciennes, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu [Paris], Centre Hospitalier de Lens, Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Clinique du Val d'Ouest, Centre d’ Imagerie du Chinonais, Hôpital Européen [Fondation Ambroise Paré - Marseille], Institut du Sein, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Pathologie Infectieuse et Tropicale [HIA Laveran, Marseille], Hôpital d'instruction des armées Laveran, Clinique du Pont Saint-Vaast, Douai, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche Thérapeutique en Ophtalmologie (CERTO), Association RETINA France, Partenaires INRAE-Partenaires INRAE, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Département de Radiologie, Armentières (59), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier Saint-Joseph [Paris], Service de neuroradiologie [Paris], Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Marrow Adiposity & Bone Lab - Adiposité Médullaire et Os - ULR 4490 (MABLab (ex-pmoi)), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Radiologie Viscèrale, CHRU de Jean-Minjoz, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Résonance magnétique des systèmes biologiques (RMSB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Groupe hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph - Hôpital, Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique Médicale et Multi-Modalités (IR4M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital Bicêtre-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
- Subjects
Kidney Cortex ,[SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics] ,Interprofessional Relations ,education ,Meniscal tears ,Datasets as Topic ,Computed tomography ,Breast Neoplasms ,Artificial intelligence (AI) ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Artificial Intelligence ,Ultrasound ,Medicine ,Data Protection Act 1998 ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Thyroid Neoplasms ,Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ,Computer Security ,Ultrasonography ,Modalities ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Communication ,Liver Neoplasms ,Computed Tomography (CT) ,Deep learning ,General Medicine ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Tibial Meniscus Injuries ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,General Data Protection Regulation ,Thyroid Cartilage ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
Summary Purpose The goal of this data challenge was to create a structured dynamic with the following objectives: (1) teach radiologists the new rules of General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), while building a large multicentric prospective database of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and MRI patient images; (2) build a network including radiologists, researchers, start-ups, large companies, and students from engineering schools, and; (3) provide all French stakeholders working together during 5 data challenges with a secured framework, offering a realistic picture of the benefits and concerns in October 2018. Materials and methods Relevant clinical questions were chosen by the Societe Francaise de Radiologie. The challenge was designed to respect all French ethical and data protection constraints. Multidisciplinary teams with at least one radiologist, one engineering student, and a company and/or research lab were gathered using different networks, and clinical databases were created accordingly. Results Five challenges were launched: detection of meniscal tears on MRI, segmentation of renal cortex on CT, detection and characterization of liver lesions on ultrasound, detection of breast lesions on MRI, and characterization of thyroid cartilage lesions on CT. A total of 5,170 images within 4 months were provided for the challenge by 46 radiology services. Twenty-six multidisciplinary teams with 181 contestants worked for one month on the challenges. Three challenges, meniscal tears, renal cortex, and liver lesions, resulted in an accuracy > 90%. The fourth challenge (breast) reached 82% and the lastone (thyroid) 70%. Conclusion Theses five challenges were able to gather a large community of radiologists, engineers, researchers, and companies in a very short period of time. The accurate results of three of the five modalities suggest that artificial intelligence is a promising tool in these radiology modalities.
- Published
- 2019
48. Use of nanomaterials in agriculture: potential benefits and challenges
- Author
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M. T. Jacques, S. C. Garcia, D. S. Ávila, J. Nardi, and M. D. Arbo
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Agriculture ,business.industry ,Natural resource economics ,business ,Nanomaterials - Published
- 2018
49. Alcohol Dependence and Parenting: Examining Associations Between Maternal Alcoholism and Harsh Parenting Across Childrearing Contexts
- Author
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Debrielle T. Jacques, Sturge-Apple, Melissa L., Davies, Patrick T., and Cicchetti, Dante
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Design Strategies for Efficient Access to Mobile Device Users via Amazon Mechanical Turk
- Author
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Per Ola Kristensson and Jason T. Jacques
- Subjects
Engineering ,HTML5 ,Ubiquitous computing ,Multimedia ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Mobile computing ,020207 software engineering ,Mobile Web ,02 engineering and technology ,Crowdsourcing ,computer.software_genre ,Web API ,050105 experimental psychology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Mobile search ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business ,Mobile device ,computer - Abstract
It is often challenging to access a pool of mobile device users and instruct them to perform an interactive task. Yet such data is often vital to provide design insight at various stages of the design process of a mobile application, service or system. We propose accessing a pool of mobile device users via the microtask market Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). While mobile device users are still a minority on MTurk, they provide unique opportunities for requesters. Not only does catering to mobile device users expand the potential worker pool, but also offers access to realistic in situ mobile sensor data for a variety of pervasive computing applications. We present a design pattern that makes it easy to crowdsource tasks to mobile device users. We demonstrate this pattern to obtain sensor availability information for some of the most popular mobile device sensors, using HTML5 web APIs to access them. We find that there is a sizable pool of mobile workers and we present two design strategies for efficiently accessing them. The first enables direct fast access to a small pool of mobile-only device users. The second strategy exploits our finding that a large number of desktop-based crowd workers are prepared to switch to their mobile device if prompted by a well-designed mobile task. Finally we discuss solution principles for sensor-dependent mobile systems and studies that will be underpinned by mobile device crowd workers.
- Published
- 2017
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