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Hişmioğulları, Adnan Adil (Balikesir Author), Vanadium is one of the essential trace elements for mammals, which has important functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates. There is limited data about the effects of vanadium (IV) chloride supplementation on appetite-related hormones in literature. Our target was to analyse the impacts of vanadium supplementation on appetite-related hormone (leptin, nesfatin-1 and apelin) levels in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. Twenty eight male Sprague–Dawley albino rats were used in this study. After formation of diabetes, 0.3 mg/mL of vanadium was added to drinking water of rats for four weeks. A substantial increment was found in serum glucose (p < 0.001), HbA1c (p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (p < 0.01), and leptin (p < 0.001) levels and a significant decrease in insulin, apelin and nesfatin-1 concentrations in diabetic rats. Moreover, blood glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and leptin levels decreased in diabetic + vanadium group, but nesfatin-1 (1.74 ± 0.94 ng/mL), apelin (1.74 ± 0.94 ng/mL), and insulin concentrations were found higher compared with the diabetic group. As a result of this study, vanadium has increased the levels of circulating nesfatin-1 and apelin levels in diabetic rats while decreasing blood glucose and leptin concentrations. But further studies are required to determine the blood glucose lowering effects of vanadium and its relationship with appetite related hormones in diabet., scientific foundation of Cankiri Karatekin University CAKU-2012/04

Hişmioğulları, Şahver Ege (Balikesir Author), The beaches of Turkey are important nesting habitats of Chelonia mydas sea turtles and the determination of their health and disease status is critical in sustaining healthy populations. Limited data currently exist on the hormone values required to determine the status of reproductive capabilities of sea turtles. This study aimed to collect basic data regarding their hormonal profile and set reference limits for the Mediterranean population. Forty-nine free-ranging C. mydas sea turtles were used in the study and were classified into 3 groups according to their age (hatchlings, juvenile, adult). Adult turtles were also grouped according to sex. Adult females were further divided into 3 seasonal groups (summer, spring, and autumn), based on the dates of blood sampling. Plasma testosterone, oestradiol, progesterone, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), cortisol, and corticosterone levels were determined by ELISA method. Significantly higher levels were observed in oestrogen (P < 0.001), progesterone (P < 0.001), cortisol (P < 0.05), corticosterone (P < 0.05), T3 (P < 0.05), and T4 (P < 0.01) in the adult turtles when compared with the other groups. The highest levels of oestrogen (280.2 +/- 39.34), progesterone (274.2 +/- 29.4), cortisol (2.26 +/- 0.36), and corticosterone (2.94 +/- 0.53) were determined in the adult female turtles during the spring season. This data could be used to protect the population of this endangered species by taking precautions against diseases via determining their blood hormone levels and taking precautions against reproductive diseases. Further work is required, but this research can expand the knowledge on the basic blood biochemistry of Mediterranean green turtles.

Objective: Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is common nutritional deficiency particularly in women and also common during the older age. Aging increases plasma levels of inflammatory mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins. However, there is little information about changes in antimicrobial proteins in elderly women with IDA. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines and newly discovered antimicrobial proteins like hepcidin, chemerin and defensin in elderly women with IDA. Methods: Blood samples taken from healthy 20 women (55±7 years old) and 20 women with iron deficiency anemia (58±6) were used as material of the study that came to the Cankiri State Hospital in 2016 and 2017 years. Results: In the study, plasma C-Reactive Protein (CRP) (P

The target of this study is to determine the interrelation among serum Li level on bone metabolism (Ca, P, Parathormon, and Vitamin-D), sex and metabolic hormones (estrogen, FSH, LH and TSH), and some biochemical parameters in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study is carried out with 10 women: 5 premenopausal and 5 postmenopausal women. The serum Li levels, bone metabolism indicators (i.e., ALP, Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn) and some biochemical parameters such as serum tryglyceride, alkalene phosphatase, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and cholesterol levels were determined. The estrogen blood level of women in menopause period was found to be lower than that of women in pre-menopause period (p

Hişmioğulları, Adnan Adil (Balikesir Author), "Background. Anemia is a disease that is long and often repetitive and can result in a great burden to the national economy. The most frequent nutritional deficiency anemias in children are related with iron and vitamin B12deficiencies. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the oxidative stress, hepcidin, and nesfatin-I levels in childhood iron and vitamin B12 deficiency anemias. Material and methods. The study had 3 groups of 15 children, iron anemia deficiency group, vitamin B12 deficiency group and a control group. Results. The TBARS and nesfatin-I levels were significantly higher in the iron and vitamin B12 deficiency groups and the total antioxidant levels were significantly lower when compared to the control group. In contrast, the plasma hepcidin levels were significantly lower in the iron deficiency group (p < 0.01) when compared to the control group; however, no significant differences were observed in the vitamin B12 deficiency group. Plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the vitamin B12 deficiency group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001), but no differences were determined between the iron deficiency and control groups. Conclusions. Our results showed that there are high levels of oxidative stress in childhood iron and vitamin B12 deficiency anemias, and we propose that plasma hepcidin and homocycteine levels may be useful in the differential diagnosis of childhood nutritional deficiency anemias. Nesfatin-I hormone levels were identified for the first time in childhood iron deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency anemias within this study and this hormone may also be useful in the differential diagnosis of anemias."

WOS: 000321785500018 PubMed: 23723101 This study provides the evidence of increased serum gastrointestinal motility hormone concentrations including ghrelin, motilin and gastrin in cattle with displacement of abomasum (DA). In this study, 38 cows with DA (21 left DA (LDA) and 17 right DA (RDA)) and 15 healthy controls were included. All cattle with DA were at the stage of postpartum one to eight weeks, and had clinical signs including anorexia, decreased milk yield and scanty, pasty faeces. Serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations, and leptin concentration which is a functional antagonist of ghrelin, were determined by ELISA. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Na, K, Cl, Ca and P concentrations were measured by spectrophotometer. In serum biochemical analysis, increases were seen on the serum ALT, AST and GGT activities; however, serum Na, K, Cl and P concentrations decreased in abomasal displacement compared with the control animals. The serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations increased in the cattle with LDA and RDA, as compared with those in the healthy controls. On the other hand, serum leptin concentration decreased in the cattle with DA compared with the controls. Increases in the serum ghrelin, motilin and gastrin concentrations might be attributed to activation of gastrointestinal motility hormones to enhance of gastric emptying in impaired gastric motility and/or outlet occlusion in displaced abomasum. Scientific Research Projects Office of Mustafa Kemal UniversityMustafa Kemal University [PN: 1005M0110] This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Office of Mustafa Kemal University (PN: 1005M0110).

The paraoxonase (PON, aryldialkyl phosphatase, E.C. 3.1.8.1), is an Ca-dependant enzyme that is synthesised in liver. It is related to HDL and has 43-45 kDa molecular weight with glycoprotein structure. PON is an hydrolase that has both arylesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.2) and paraoxonase (E.C. 3.1.8.1) activity (Baskol and Kose, 2004). The name of paraoxonase is comes from its useage of organic phosphorous paraoxanes as substrate. Enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of organic phosphorous insecticides such as diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DEP) except parathion and catalyses the hydrolysis of nerve gases such as sarin, taurin which are in the same chemical group. Howewer, natural substrate of PON is not definite (Gulcu and Gursu, 2003).

Kan parazit hastaliklari sigirlarda siklikla gorulmekte olup, Turkiye’de de oldukca yaygindir. Bu hastaliklardan tropikal theileriosis en yaygin gorulen kan paraziti hastaligidir. Babesiosis ve anaplasmosis ise diger onemli kan paraziti hastaliklarindandir. Anaplasmosis Turkiye’de her bolgede gorulmektedir. Bu calismada anaplasmosisli sigirlarda oksidatif stres ve immun sistem degisimlerinin isi sok protein (HSP 27), malondialdehit (MDA), nitrik oksit (NO), interlokin-6 (IL-6) ve interlokin-10 (IL-10) parametreleri ile ortaya konulmasi amaclanmaktadir. Calisma, 1-3 yas arasinda 15 saglikli ve 15 anaplasmosisli sigirda gerceklestirilmistir. Calismada malondialdehit ve nitrik oksit duzeyleri spektrofotometrik yontemler ile, HSP 27 ve interlokin (IL-6 ve IL-10) duzeyleri ise ticari ELISA kitleri kullanilarak belirlenmistir. Anaplasmosisli sigirlarda plazma malondialdehit (P

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), also called stress proteins, are a gr oup of pro teins that are present in all cells in all life forms. The synthases of these proteins are induced when a cell undergoes various types of environmental stresses like heat, cold and oxygen deprivation. In this article we summarized the structure and physi ology of he at shock proteins which is an important research area for bio logy and medicine.