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Two orthogonal least squares methods of the points approximation by a set of parallel planes are presented. Such an approximation can be used to study the measurement details of using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). A calibrated gauge block and a CMM with a touch measuring probe were used in the experimental verification. A comparison of the different CMM strategies is provided.

This paper is dedicated to investigating the properties of smooth conveyor belts through a tensile loading test, with the aim of examining the behavior of the inner structure of the belt samples. When the belt is subjected to a long-term strain, the belt relaxation effect is observed and changes may occur to the inner structure of the belt. The tensile test at constant velocity determines the load strength limit of the strip samples. The experiment has also shown the phenomenon of relaxation of the samples after the load. Metro-tomographic analysis is used to observe the behavior of the internal structure of the belt sample after the load. The obtained results indicate the initial damage of the inner structure of the conveyor belt occurred at the value of 2157 N. Under this load, the maximum damage size was 4.8 mm. This confirms the suitability of the method for tracking changes in the internal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important component of in-house logistics are various transport systems. Their task is to ensure the reliable operation of individual production and service processes. From a wide range of available in-house logistics transport systems, belt conveyors play an important role. For their trouble-free operation, it is necessary, in addition to a number of factors, to place great emphasis on the conveyor belts quality. The quality of conveyor belts is a decisive factor for their reliable and uninterrupted operation. Over the years, an approach to assess their quality has developed, that can be labeled as a standard approach. However, this standard approach is in many ways inadequate and has been overcome nowadays. Therefore, a new, progressive approach based on the latest knowledge and technologies need to be sought. This paper will describe a progressive method of industrial metrology in more detail, applied to assessing the conveyor belts quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The harmonic gearing unquestionably include among a prospective technology. It is about spur gearing where the meshing is achieved by the flexible deformation of one of the wheels. As a result of this deformation the shape of the flexible wheel changes from its original state resulting in incorrect meshing with the teeth of the opposite profile wheel. The deformation of the shape of the flexible wheel is the result of collision and interference, as well as the contact rate, occurring during the meshing of the flexible wheel with the rigid one. This transfer reaches some excellent properties such as great transference number in one stage, a sufficiently large effectiveness of a great kinematic accuracy and wide application. The disadvantage of a harmonic gear is that they are be sensitive to the torsion oscillations, design complexity and reduced service life of the elastic wheel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gearboxes represent the most prevalent and prominent type of transmission mechanism encountered in all spheres of mechanics. The harmonic toothed gear transmissions undoubtedly are a prospective technology. The existence of the flexible wheel within the harmonic gear which undergoes deformation during the process of usage requires a specific approach in the mesh examination of this gear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Development of computer technology and alternative manufacturing methods in form of additive manufacturing leads to the manufacture of products with complex shapes. In the field of medicine they include, inter alia, custommade implants manufactured for a particular patient, such as cranial implants, maxillofacial implants, etc. With regard to the fact that such implants are inserted into a patient's body, it is necessary to perform the verification, including the shape and dimensional verification. The article deals with the application of the industrial computer tomography within the process of inspection and verification of selected custom-made implant types. Methodology/Approach: The Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement performs the verification of medicinal products manufactured by the additive manufacturing technologies from the Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) titanium alloy, using the coordinate measuring machine Carl Zeiss Contura G2 and the industrial computed tomography machine Carl Zeiss Metrotom 1500. These equipment fulfil the requirements for the identification and evaluation of dimensions of both, the external and the internal structures. Findings: The article presents the possibilities of the computed tomography utilisation in the inspection of individual implant manufacture using the additive manufacturing technologies. The results indicate that with the adjustment of appropriate input parameters (alignment), this technology is appropriate for the analysis of shape deviations, when compared with the CAD model. Research Limitation/implication: With the increasing distance of measured object from X-ray source, the machine's resolution function decreases. Decreasing of resolution has a minor impact on the measured dimensions(relatively high tolerances), but has a significant impact on the evaluation of porosity and inclusions. Originality/Value of paper: Currently, the verification of a manufactured implant can be carried out using 3D scanners and the industrial computed tomography. The use of 3D scanners is appropriate for the shape inspection, for example the shape of an implant's outer surface. The computed tomography is the only method for evaluation of shape deviations, defectoscopy and dimensional analysis in one measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]