15 results on '"Tétard, S."'
Search Results
2. Impacts that cause highest mortality temperate eels do not necessarily have the greatest impact on species
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Drouineau, Hilaire, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), EDF (EDF), and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; The worldwide decline of temperate eels is due to a synergistic combination of several anthropogenic pressures. However, eels display very specific life-cycles and amazing adaptation capacities that impair our ability to assess the relative effects of each pressure. Temperate eels are three panmictic catadromous species with an oceanic passive larval drift and large distribution areas with contrasted environments. Spatial patterns of life-history traits are observed and correlated with environmental gradients at both river catchment and distribution area scales. This raises the question of the effect of spatially heterogeneous anthropogenic pressures on these populations. GenEveel, an individual-based optimization model was able to mimic observed spatial patterns in length-at-silvering, sex-ratio and distribution of ecotypes, by assuming genetic-dependent habitat selection and phenotypic plasticity as adaptive responses to environmental heterogeneity. Depending on these mechanisms, the heterogeneity of anthropogenic pressures can have a wide range of effects in terms of life-history traits and demographic rates. In this context, different anthropogenic pressures (glass eel fishery, obstacle to upstream migration, turbine mortality and silver eel fishery) were included in the model to explore their impacts on the number of escapees, but also on other indicators accounting for sex-ratio in escapees, repartition between genotypes, mean length-at-silvering, and overall egg production. Our results demonstrate that phenotypic plasticity can act as a compensatory mechanism that mitigates the effect of some pressures (glass eel fishery and obstacle to upstream migration) and therefore be a source of resilience for the population. Moreover, it shows that the pressure inducing the highest direct mortality has not necessarily the greatest influence on the spawning biomass and does not necessarily exert the strongest selective pressure on ecotypes. Our results also suggest that management should not only focus on numbers and direct mortality but on the preservation of diversity within populations.
- Published
- 2018
3. Réponses adaptatives des anguilles des régions tempérées à l’hétérogénéité environnementale et effets des pressions anthropiques
- Author
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Mateo, M., primary, Tétard, S., additional, Lambert, P., additional, and Drouineau, H., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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4. Assessing the impact of anthropogenic pressures on temperate eels using Genetics & Evolutionary ecology-based model for eels (GenEveel)
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Drouineau, Hilaire, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,GENEVEEL ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Introduction, genEveel (an individual based optimizatin model), impacts of anthropogenic pressures, conclusions.
- Published
- 2017
5. Cause ou conséquence ? Explorer le rôle de la plasticité phénotypique et du polymorphisme génétique dans l'émergence des patrons spatiaux phénotypiques chez l'anguille européenne
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Castonguay, M., Ernande, B., Drouineau, Hilaire, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Simulation et Traitement de l'information pour l'Exploitation des systèmes de Production (EDF R&D STEP), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Institut Maurice -Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Boulogne, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Laboratoire Ressources halieutiques Manche Mer du nord, IFREMER Centre Manche Mer du Nord, (HMMN)
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modelling ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,plasticity ,[SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology ,phenotypes ,population genetics ,ANGUILLA ANGUILLA ,GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS ,PHENOTYPE ,MODELISATION ,PLASTICITE - Abstract
International audience; The European eel (Anguilla anguilla), and generally, temperate eels, are relevant species for studying adaptive mechanisms to environmental variability because of their large distribution areas and their limited capacity of local adaptation. In this context, GenEveel, an individual-based optimization model, was developed to explore the role of adaptive phenotypic plasticity and genetic-dependent habitat selection, in the emergence of observed spatial life-history traits patterns for eels. Results suggest that an interaction of genetically and environmentally controlled growth may be the basis for genotype-dependent habitat selection, whereas plasticity plays a role in changes in life-history traits and demographic attributes. Therefore, this suggests that those mechanisms are responses to address environmental heterogeneity. Moreover, this brings new elements to explain the different life strategies of males and females. A sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters associated with the optimization of fitness and growth genotype were crucial in reproducing the spatial life-history patterns. Finally, it raises the question of the impact of anthropogenic pressures that can cause direct mortalities but also modify demographic traits, and act as a selection pressure.
- Published
- 2017
6. Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology-based model for eel: GenEveel
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Drouineau, Hilaire, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), EDF (EDF), IRSTEA BORDEAUX UR EABX FRA, and EDF HYNES CHATOU FRA
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modelling ,Geneveel ,GENEVEEL ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,population dynamics ,DYNAMIQUE DE POPULATION ,ANGUILLA ANGUILLA ,MODELISATION - Abstract
International audience; European eel: features and distribution, building the optimality model GenEvEel 1.0, first results.
- Published
- 2015
7. Consequences of adaptive plasticity and local adaptation in the European eel: assessing population-level responses to anthropogenic pressures
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Drouineau, Hilaire, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), EDF (EDF), and Irstea Publications, Migration
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[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; As a result of a collapse observed since the 80's, the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is now classified as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List and the European Commission enforced a European Regulation which requires a reduction in all sources of anthropogenic mortality. The strong spatial heterogeneity of anthropogenic pressures affecting eel population in Europe combined with a spatial variability in life history traits at both the distribution area and river catchment scales raise specific challenges for management. This catadromous species represents a panmictic population that spawns in the Sargasso Sea and whose larvae are passively transported by ocean currents to the inner waters of Morocco to Norway. These features promote the emergence of phenotypic plasticity rather than local genetic adaptation as an adaptive response to spatially structured environment and suggest that life history traits heterogeneity may be a result of this adaptation. The first version of the evolutionary ecology-based model for eel (EvEel) explores spatial variability in terms of life history traits, tactics and demographic attributes as a result of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. Assuming fitness maximization, the model was able to reproduce most patterns observed across river catchment scale and distribution area. This suggests that sex determination, length-at-silvering and habitat use may be plastic mechanisms that allow eels to cope with environment variability. A second version of the model is currently being developed to take into account genetic variability in addition to phenotypic plasticity. A preliminary exploration of the model is exploring if the combination of both aspects improves the performance of the model and its ability to mimic observed patterns. Then, the model will be used to assess the impacts of anthropogenic pressures (habitat fragmentation, pollution or fishing) in terms of fertile biomass and population’s demographic attributes. After this theoretical step, model calibration and validation will be applied to a real case of study, such as the Garonne-Dordogne catchment. Finally, this model could serve as a decision-support tool to aid the management of the uncertain environment.
- Published
- 2015
8. Do adaptive phenotypic plasticity and spatially varying selection modify the effects of anthropogenic pressures in the European eel population?
- Author
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Mateo, M., Lambert, Patrick, Tétard, S., Drouineau, Hilaire, Irstea Publications, Migration, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and EDF (EDF)
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
National audience; La population d’anguille européenne (Anguilla anguilla) est en déclin depuis les années 80, à tel point qu’elle est classée aujourd’hui en danger critique d’extinction dans la liste rouge de l’UICN. Les caractéristiques du cycle biologique de cette espèce la rendent particulièrement sensible à une grande variété de menaces et les mesures de conservation représentent un défi majeur. La reproduction de cette espèce catadrome et panmictique a lieu en mer des Sargasses, et est ensuite suivie d’un transport passif des larves par les courants océaniques jusqu’aux eaux continentales du Maroc à la Norvège. Ces particularités favorisent l’émergence d’une plasticité phénotypique plutôt qu'une adaptation génétique locale comme réponse adaptative à un environnement hétérogène et spatialement structuré. Le modèle EvEel (evolutionary ecology-based model for eel), visait à explorer si la variabilité spatiale en termes de traits d'histoire de vie, d'attributs démographiques et de tactique de vie, pouvait être le résultat d'une plasticité phénotypique adaptative. Basé sur des hypothèses de maximisation de fitness, le modèle est capable de reproduire la plupart des patrons observés à l'échelle du bassin-versant et à l'échelle de l'aire de répartition. Cela suggère que le déterminisme du sexe, la taille à maturation et le choix de l'habitat de croissance seraient autant de mécanismes plastiques permettant à l’anguille de faire face à un environnement changeant. Le but de ce travail de doctorat est de poursuivre le développement d’EvEel en ajoutant une composante génétique à la composante plasticité adaptative, et d’en analyser les conséquences sur la dynamique de la population. Une première exploration du modèle permettra de vérifier si dès la prise en compte des mécanismes de sélection locale qui seront ajoutés permettent de mieux reproduire les patrons spatiaux que ne le faisait la première version du modèle. Ensuite, l’impact des pressions anthropiques (rupture de connectivité, mortalité par pêche ou par pollution) sera intégré au niveau des processus de colonisation et de mortalité afin d'en quantifier les conséquences en termes de biomasse féconde et d'attributs démographiques dans la population. Après cette phase théorique, une étape de calibration/ validation sur données réelles sera tentée pour le cas de la Garonne-Dordogne. À terme, ce modèle pourra servir d’outil d’aide à la décision pour tester différents scénarios de gestion.
- Published
- 2015
9. Does global change increase the risk of maladaptation of Atlantic salmon migration through joint modifications of river temperature and discharge?
- Author
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Arevalo E, Maire A, Tétard S, Prévost E, Lange F, Marchand F, Josset Q, and Drouineau H
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- Animal Migration, Animals, Ecosystem, Rivers, Temperature, Water, Salmo salar
- Abstract
In freshwater ecosystems, water temperature and discharge are two intrinsically associated triggers of key events in the life cycle of aquatic organisms such as the migration of diadromous fishes. However, global changes have already profoundly altered the thermal and hydrological regimes of rivers, affecting the timing of fish migration as well as the environmental conditions under which it occurs. In this study, we focused on Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ), an iconic diadromous species whose individuals migrate between marine nursery areas and continental spawning grounds. An innovative multivariate method was developed to analyse long-term datasets of daily water temperature, discharge and both salmon juvenile downstream and adult upstream migrations in three French rivers (the Bresle, Oir and Nivelle rivers). While all three rivers have gradually warmed over the last 35 years, changes in discharge have been very heterogeneous. Juveniles more frequently used warmer temperatures to migrate. Adults migrating a few weeks before spawning more frequently used warm temperatures associated with high discharges. This has already led to modifications in preferential niches of both life stages and suggests a potential mismatch between these populations' ecological preference and changes in their local environment due to global change.
- Published
- 2021
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10. Joint temporal trends in river thermal and hydrological conditions can threaten the downstream migration of the critically endangered European eel.
- Author
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Arevalo E, Drouineau H, Tétard S, Durif CMF, Diserud OH, Poole WR, and Maire A
- Subjects
- Animals, Ireland, Norway, Temperature, Anguilla, Climate Change, Endangered Species trends, Rivers
- Abstract
Climate change is modifying the hydrological and thermal regimes of rivers worldwide, threatening the triggering of organisms' key life-cycle processes. European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is a critically endangered fish species that migrates over several thousand kilometres between its rearing habitats in continental waters of Europe and North Africa and its spawning area in the Sargasso Sea. Downstream migration of adult eels occurs during periods of decreasing river water temperature associated with high discharge but changes in these environmental cues may affected eel migratory conditions. An innovative multivariate method was developed to analyse long-term datasets of daily water temperature, discharge and eel passage in two European rivers. Over the past 50 years, water temperature and discharge increased in both rivers during the downstream migration period from August to November. Silver eels preferentially migrated at temperatures between 10 and 20 °C combined with high discharge. Environmental changes have resulted in the migration of silver eels under warmer water temperatures. This example illustrates how the changes in environmental cues have led to a growing mismatch between the migratory conditions preferentially selected and those actually used, which may threaten the completion of the eel's life cycle and ultimately the persistence of this already critically endangered species., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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11. Protecting the downstream migration of salmon smolts from hydroelectric power plants with inclined racks and optimized bypass water discharge.
- Author
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Tomanova S, Courret D, Richard S, Tedesco PA, Mataix V, Frey A, Lagarrigue T, Chatellier L, and Tétard S
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- Animals, France, Power Plants, Water, Animal Migration, Salmon
- Abstract
The sustained development of hydropower energy in the last century has caused important ecological impacts, promoting recent advances in efficient mitigation measures to be implemented in existing and future hydropower plants. Although upstream fish migration has been largely addressed with the development of fish-pass infrastructures, downstream passage solutions are often missing or inefficient, strengthening the need for their improvement and efficiency assessment. The efficiency of horizontally inclined (26°) low bar spacing racks associated to a bypass was assessed using salmon smolts radiotelemetry along three successive hydropower plants (HPP) in the Ariège River (southern France). In average, nearly 90% of the smolts were successfully protected by the racks and rapidly guided to the bypass, within few minutes in most cases. Furthermore, we detected a significant positive influence of the bypass discharge (Q
bp% expressed as the proportion of concurrent HPP discharge) on the probability of successful bypass passage, reaching 85% of successful passage with a Qbp% of only 3%, and more than 92% when the Qbp% exceeded 5%. The probability of bypass passage without hesitation (e.g. passage within the first 5 min) also increased with Qbp% , and reached 90% with 5% of Qbp% . Passage without hesitation was especially detected on the site having larger bypass entrances and transversal currents, providing better guidance into the bypass. High-efficiency results of inclined racks yielded with reduced Qbp% confirmed their relevance to mitigate some of the HPP ecological impacts, re-establishing safe downstream salmon migration with lower impact on energy production than older less efficient solutions., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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12. An innovative bivariate approach to detect joint temporal trends in environmental conditions: Application to large French rivers and diadromous fish.
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Arevalo E, Lassalle G, Tétard S, Maire A, Sauquet E, Lambert P, Paumier A, Villeneuve B, and Drouineau H
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- Animals, Fishes, Humans, Rivers, Seasons, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring
- Abstract
Most key life-events of organisms are synchronized by complex interactions of several environmental cues to ensure optimal survival and growth of individuals and their offspring. However, global change is known to affect multiple components of ecosystems and cues at the same time. Therefore, detecting joint trends in covariate time series is a crucial challenge in global change ecology that has rarely been addressed so far. In this context, we designed an innovative combination of kernel density estimations and Mann-Kendall trend tests to detect joint temporal trends in a pair of environmental variables. This methodological framework was tested on >30 years (1976-2019) of water temperature and discharge data for 6 large French rivers (the Garonne, Dordogne, Rhône, Rhine, Loire and Vienne rivers). The implications of such trends in both temperature and discharge for diadromous species key life-cycle processes were then explored by checking if significant bivariate environmental changes occurred during seasons of upstream and downstream migration, and reproductive activities. Results were contrasted between rivers and seasons: many rivers displayed an increase in the number of days with high water temperature and low river discharge, but local discharge regulation measures could have mitigated the trend in discharge. Our findings showed that species migrating or spawning in spring were likely to be strongly impacted by the new environmental conditions in the Garonne, Loire and Rhône rivers, given the marked changes in water temperature and discharge associations detected by our new method. Conditions experienced by fall-running and spawning species have been strongly affected in all the rivers studied. This innovative methodology was implemented in a new R package, ChocR, for application to other environments and ecosystems., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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13. Towards transferability in fish migration models: A generic operational tool for predicting silver eel migration in rivers.
- Author
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Teichert N, Tétard S, Trancart T, de Oliveira E, Acou A, Carpentier A, Bourillon B, and Feunteun E
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- Animal Migration, Animals, Hydrology, Anguilla, Rivers
- Abstract
In the global context of river fragmentation, predicting fish migration is urgent to implement management actions aimed at protecting and promoting the free movement of diadromous fish. However, large-scale applicability of conservation measures requires transferable models that enable prediction of migration even in data-poor regions. Here, we surveyed 12 contrasted European river sites to predict the activity peaks of silver eels (Anguilla anguilla) during river migration towards spawning areas through an ensemble modelling approach. Site-specific Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models were adjusted using standardized hydrological variables to predict migration probability, which were aggregated in consensus predictions. Results of independent cross-validations demonstrated that silver eel migration runs were accurately predicted in response to changes in river discharge. Transferability and predictive performance were improved by considering catchment-size dissimilarity between river sites (85 to 109,930 km
2 ) when combining the site-specific predictions. Nevertheless, we provided two examples for which the effects of human actions on flow conditions were so high that they prevented reliable predictions of migration runs. Further contributions should thus take advantage of the flexibility of our approach for updating model collection with new sites to extend the predictive performance under a larger range of ecological conditions. Our transferable hydrological-based modelling framework offers an opportunity to implement large-scale management strategies for eel conservation, even in rivers where eel monitoring data lack. The BRT models and prediction functions were compiled in an R package named 'silvRpeak' to facilitate operational implementation by end-user managers, which can determine when mitigation measures should be implemented to improve river continuity (e.g. turbine shutdown and sluice gate opening) and balance their economic activity towards eel conservation. The only input required is discharge records that are widely available across European hydrological stations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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14. Resolving the trade-off between silver eel escapement and hydropower generation with simple decision rules for turbine shutdown.
- Author
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Teichert N, Tétard S, Trancart T, Feunteun E, Acou A, and de Oliveira E
- Subjects
- Animals, Europe, Hydrology, Anguilla, Rivers
- Abstract
Hydropower plants are commonly reported as a major cause of the worldwide decline of freshwater eels (Anguillidae), so that management solutions are urgently needed to mitigate their impacts. Where downstream passage solutions are complex to develop, turbine shutdown appears as an effective management solution to protect silver eels during their river migration toward spawning areas. However, the definition of operational decision rules for turbine shutdown is challenging due to the duality between the benefit for eel conservation and the concomitant cost in term of hydropower production. Here, we proposed a decision framework for turbine shutdown based on simple hydrological criteria to guide negotiations between stakeholders toward a trade-off between silver eel escapement and hydropower generation. Eel migration was assumed to be triggered by a minimum river flow associated with a minimum discharge pulse, so that threshold values can be directly implemented as decision rules for turbine shutdown. To estimate relevant thresholds, a generic methodological framework was developed to generate alternative decision rules from data collected at hydropower plants, which can include telemetry surveys and estimates of eel abundance. A multiple-criteria decision analysis was then conducted to rank alternatives and to determine the best compromise between promoting silver eel escapement and limiting turbine shutdown duration. Graphic outputs can help stakeholders to understand the competitive interests between eel conservation and hydropower production, while visually identifying a range of consensual alternatives to support negotiations in the choice of operational thresholds. The method was illustrated for three river systems in Europe featured by distinct hydrological conditions and can be applied in other areas, providing that eel monitoring surveys and flow data are available., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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15. Adult Atlantic salmon have a new freshwater predator.
- Author
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Boulêtreau S, Gaillagot A, Carry L, Tétard S, De Oliveira E, and Santoul F
- Subjects
- Animals, Catfishes, Ecosystem, Fresh Water, Predatory Behavior, Salmo salar
- Abstract
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the world's most emblematic freshwater fish. Despite conservation and rehabilitation plans, populations of this species are dramatically declining due to human impacts such as habitat fragmentation, overfishing and water pollution. Owing to their large body size, anadromous adults were historically invulnerable to fish predation during their spawning period migration. This invulnerability has disappeared in Western Europe with the introduction of a new freshwater predator, the European catfish (Silurus glanis). Here we report how adults of Atlantic salmon are predated in the fishway of a large river of SW France, where the delayed and narrow passage created by the structure increases the probability of predator-prey encounter. We assessed predation risk by monitoring salmon and catfish in one fishway of the River Garonne, using video fish-counting from 1993 to 2016. We analysed the predation strategy of catfish using observations made with acoustic camera and RFID telemetry in 2016. Our results demonstrate a high predation rate (35%-14/39 ind.) on salmon inside the fishway during the 2016 spawning period migration. Our results suggest that a few specialized catfish individuals adapted their hunting behaviour to such prey, including their presence synchronized with that of salmon (i.e, more occurrences by the end of the day). Such results suggest that the spread of European catfish will potentially impact migration of anadromous species through anthropized systems.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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