Search

This work was partially supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) through the project UID/MAT/00297/2019 (Centro de Matematica e Aplicacees). The aging population alongside little availability of informal care are two of the several factors leading to an increased need for assisted living support. In this work, we tackle a home social care service problem, motivated by two real case studies where a new loyalty scheme must be considered: within a week, patient-caregiver loyalty should be pursued but, between weeks, the caregivers must rotate among patients (non-loyalty). In addition, a common situation in this kind of service is also addressed: the need of a constant re-planning caused by the leaving of patients and the arrival of new ones. This new plan should be such that minimum disturbance is caused to the visiting hours of current patients, the caregivers’ travelling time between visits is minimized, and the workload is balanced among caregivers. A multi-objective optimization approach based on mixed-integer models is developed. Results on the two real case studies show that both institutions can efficiently re-plan their activities without much disturbance on the visits of their patients, and with a patient-caregiver loyalty scheme suiting their needs. authorsversion published

This paper proposes a two-commodity flow formulation for the MDVRP considering a heterogeneous vehicle fleet and maximum routing time. Its computational performance is compared to a traditional for...

European countries are attempting to promote sustainable development by transitioning from a linear to a circular economy, where waste is to be prevented and recycling activities are promoted. This paper studies the implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policies for the packaging waste in two later European adopter countries of waste management policies: Portugal and Spain. The main goal is to evaluate whether EPR policies in both countries have achieved their basic two goals: 1) reduction of waste, and 2) increase recycling activities. Two case-studies were built based on interviews made to main waste management stakeholders. The analysis shows that the implementation of the EPR policies have had a positive impact throughout the years in both countries. Regarding the waste reduction goal, the systems have still not been completely able to detach packaging waste production from economic growth, but they have been able to promote material usage reduction directly through the Green dot fee model adopted. Regarding the increasing of recycling activities, both countries have been able to increase such rates throughout the years, in the direction of the EU targets.

O presente relatório contempla o processo de investigação, reflexão e ação realizado no decorrer das Unidades Curriculares de Prática Profissional II em contexto de Educação Pré-Escolar e de Prática Profissional III em contexto do 1º. Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Partindo dos dados de observação e análise do contexto e ação educativa, formularam-se as seguintes questões de partida: - De que forma podem as metodologias ativas contribuir para uma aprendizagem mais significativa nas áreas de conhecimento do mundo e do Estudo do Meio? - De que forma utilizar Metodologias Ativas na área do Conhecimento do mundo e na disciplina de Estudo do Meio? As ações delineadas incidem na área do Conhecimento do Mundo num grupo de crianças entre os 3 e os 6 anos de idade e numa turma de 4º. Ano do 1º. Ciclo do Ensino Básico, sendo que as atividades procuraram envolver todas as áreas de forma interdisciplinar. Foi aplicada uma metodologia do tipo qualitativo para a presente investigação, de forma a poder estruturar-se a intervenção e responder à questão de partida foi utilizado o método de Investigação-Ação, seguindo as etapas de recolha, análise e interpretação da informação.

To optimize waste collection operations, approaches to define dynamic routes based on the use of real-time information transmitted by sensors are being explored—the so-called Smart Waste Collection Routing Problem (SWCRP). In a previous work, this problem was modeled as a Vehicle Routing Problem with Profits (VRPP), where the profit associated with the collection of recyclable waste is maximized. However, despite the obtained gains, the authors dealt with higher computational times and gaps. To overcome this limitation, an optimization-based heuristic is proposed to decompose the SWCRP, improving solutions’ quality while reducing computational times. Through a Cluster First-Route Second methodology, the proposed approach selects a dynamic set of waste bins to be considered, and then uses this dynamic set to feed a VRPP model that decides which waste bins are worth to be collected, considering their fill-levels and locations. Computational experiments are performed and results show the potentiality of the proposed method.

In this paper, a hybrid metaheuristic is developed to solve the smart waste collection problem with workload concerns. It is composed by: (i) a look-ahead heuristic aiming at deciding the days in which collection is necessary and which bins need to be collected (must-go) considering the present bin fill levels and future bin fill level predictions; and (ii) a simulated annealing/neighborhood search algorithm to choose the bins that are profitable to collect and the best route(s) to visit the bins. This algorithm was developed to find solutions within a relatively short amount of time (we considered two hours as reference), as required for practical operations. The proposed hybrid metaheuristic is applied to randomly-generated test instances of sizes up to 500 bins and to a real case study of recyclables collection, leading to results that demonstrate its effectiveness and usefulness in practice when dealing with large-size instances. For the real case study, involving a major waste management company in Portugal, the profit achieved by the hybrid metaheuristic is at least 45% higher than the profit obtained by the company, and, at the same time, compliance with maximum shift duration and route workload balance is clearly better when the metaheuristic is used than in current operations.

Ex-presidente da Câmara de Extensão, Tânia Ramos Fortuna é coordenadora de um dos maiores e mais antigos programas de extensão da UFRGS, o “Quem Quer Brincar?”. Em 2019, o projeto completa 20 anos de atividades ininterruptas. Nesta entrevista a docente nos conta sobre a sua marcante e persistente trajetória profissional.RESUMO virá via Marcos

Relato de pesquisa (auto) biográfica com professores que brincam, enfocando suas histórias formativas em relação ao brincar, com ênfase no papel da leitura na sua formação lúdica docente. Baseado na ludobiografia como método de coleta de dados e na Hermenêutica Filosófica como modo de análise e interpretação desses dados, o estudo conclui que tais professores extraem da experiência da leitura uma parte fundamental de seus conhecimentos sobre a vida, o que se reflete em seu trabalho como professores, e, particularmente, em sua atuação lúdica. Sem individualizá-los ou descrevê-los detalhadamente, o texto descreve a experiência de leitura dos professores investigados, na qual a literatura revelou-se, simultaneamente, fonte de saber e de fruição, demonstrando ter grande importância no vir a ser professor que brinca. A leitura e a reflexão a partir dela parece ser, para esses professores, um instrumento fundamental para o desenvolvimento continuado de sua formação, incidindo diretamente em sua prática pedagógica centrada na brincadeira. (Self) biographical research report with teachers who play, focusing on their background stories in relation to playfulness with an emphasis on the role of reading in their ludic teacher training. Based on the ludic biography as a method of data collection in (self) biographical research and in the Philosophical Hermeneutics as an analysis and interpretation mode of these data, this study concludes that such teachers extract from the reading experience a fundamental part of their knowledge about life, which is reflected in their work as teachers and, particularly, in their ludic performance. Without individualizing or describing them in detail, the text describes the reading experience of the investigated teachers, in which literature revealed itself, simultaneously, as a source of knowledge and fruition, demonstrating great importance in the training of the teacher who plays. Reading and the reflection stemming from it seems to be, for these teachers, a fundamental tool for the continuous development of their training, directly affecting their pedagogical practice centered in playfulness. Relato de investigación (auto) biográfica con maestros que juegan, enfocando sus historias de formación em relación al jugar, dando énfasis al papel de la lectura em su formación lúdica docente. Con base em la ludo- -biografía como método de recolección de datos y em la Hermenéutica Filosófica como método de análisis e interpretación de esos datos, el estudio concluye que estos docentes extraen de la experiencia de la lectura una parte fundamental de sus conocimientos sobre la vida, lo que se refleja em su trabajo como maestros y, particularmente, em su actuación lúdica. Sin individualizarlos o describirlos detalladamente, el texto describe la experiencia de lectura de los maestros y profesores investigados, em lacualla literatura se reveló, simultáneamente, fuente de saber y de placer, demostrando ser de gran importancia tornarse un maestro o profesor que juega. Partir de la lectura y la reflexión parece ser, para estos docentes, un instrumento fundamental para el desarrollo continuado de su formación, incidiendo directamente em su práctica pedagógica centrada em el jugar

O fato de que atualmente a maioria dos indivíduos entra em contato com o mundo pela tela do computador ou da televisão determina formas de cognição diversas daquelas que por várias décadas influenciaram nosso modo de pensar, o que incide, obviamente, sobre o comportamento infantojuvenil. Uma breve revisão de algumas abordagens teóricas que identificam nas novas mídias prejuízos e riscos ao desenvolvimento infantojuvenil é apresentada, e, em seguida, analisa-se o que alguns pesquisadores contemporâneos dizem acerca dos benefícios e das vantagens da era digital para o comportamento humano, especialmente o das crianças. Muitas das preocupações que cercam a discussão sobre o comportamento lúdico na contemporaneidade não são novas, não obstante a recente presença da tecnologia digital na sociedade. Conclui com uma reflexão sobre o papel do adulto diante das crianças e dos jovens em relação à cultura lúdica na era digital. The fact that recently most individuals connect with the world through the screen of a computer or television establishes different types of cognition from those that over many decades influenced our thinking pattern, which obviously affects youth behavior. It is presented a brief review of some theoretical approaches that understand the novel media as a source of risks and liabilities to youth development, and, subsequently, there is an analysis on the findings of some contemporary researchers on the benefits and advantages of the digital era for human behavior, especially that of children. Many of the concerns about the discussion on contemporary playing behavior are not new, notwithstanding the recent emergence of digital technology in society. It concludes with some thoughts on the role played by the adult vis-à-vis the youth with regard to the playing culture in the digital era. El hecho de que actualmente la mayoría de los individuos entra en contacto con el mundo por la pantalla de la computadora o de la televisión determina formas de cognición diversas de aquellas que por varias décadas influenciaron nuestro modo de pensar, lo que incide, obviamente, sobre el comportamiento infantojuvenil. Una breve revisión de algunos enfoques teóricos que identifican en los nuevos medios perjuicios y riesgos al desarrollo infantojuvenil es presentada y, a continuación, se analiza lo que algunos investigadores contemporáneos dicen acerca de los beneficios y de las ventajas de la era digital para el comportamiento humano, especialmente el de los niños. Muchas de las preocupaciones que rodean la discusión sobre el comportamiento lúdico en la contemporaneidad no son nuevas, a pesar de la reciente presencia de la tecnología digital en la sociedad. Concluye con una reflexión sobre el papel del adulto ante los niños y los jóvenes en relación a la cultura lúdica en la era digital.

A Dynamic Inventory Routing Problem model embedded into a rolling horizon solution approach is developed, along this paper, to solve the Smart Waste Collection Routing Problem. This allows the definition of dynamic waste collection routes that explore the use of real-time information on the bins fill-level, over a medium-term horizon. Opposite to a published short-term approach, based on the solution of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Profits that maximize daily profits, the present approach leads to better results translated into higher operational profits. This evidence is shown through the comparison of the solution of both the short-term and the medium-term approaches in a set of small instances where different active rolling horizon intervals are tested. A large instance obtained from a real waste collection system case study is also studied, and the results confirm the conclusions obtained when solving smaller instances.

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking under grant agreement n° 256730. All ceramic anode supported half cells of technically relevant scale were fabricated in this study, using a novel strontium titanate anode material. The use of this material would be highly advantageous in solid oxide fuel cells due to its redox tolerance and resistance to coking and sulphur poisoning. Successful fabrication was possible through aqueous tape casting of both anode support and electrolyte layers and subsequent lamination. Screen printing of electrolyte layers onto green anode tapes was also attempted but resulted in cracked electrolyte layers upon firing. Microstructural, electrical and mechanical properties of anode supports and half cells will be discussed. The use of two different commercial titanate powders with nominal identical, but in reality different stoichiometries, strongly affect electrical and mechanical properties. Careful consideration of such variations between powder suppliers, and batches of the same supplier, is critical for the successful implementation of ceramic anode supported solid oxide fuel cells. Postprint

This paper studies the definition of dynamic routes regarding the waste collection problem. Based on access to real-time information, provided by sensors located at waste bin containers, a Vehicle Routing Problem with Profits (VRPP) solution approach is developed. This aims for the maximization of waste collected while minimizing the total distance travelled, resulting in a maximization of profit. Different scenarios are studied, based on real data. The conclusions clearly show that the usage of real-time information on containers fill-levels, coupled with an optimization approach to define dynamic routes potentially increases the profit of waste management companies.

Waste collection is nowadays an increasingly important business. However, it is often an inefficient op- eration due to the high uncertainty associated with the real waste bins’ fill-levels. To deal with such uncertainty the use of sensors to transmit real time information is seen as possible solution. But, in order to improve operations’ efficiency, the sensors’ usage must be combined with optimization procedures that inform on the optimal collection routes to operationalize, so as to guarantee a maximization of the waste collected while also minimizing transportation costs. The present work explores this challenge and studies three operational management approaches to define dynamic optimal routes, considering the access to real-time information on the bins’ fill-levels. A real case study is solved and important results were found where significant profit improvements are observed when compared to the real operation. This shows the potential of the proposed approaches to build an expert system, which can support the operations manager’s decisions. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Microstructural evolution of Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9/NiO (CGO/NiO) co-infiltrated nanoparticles in Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3–Zr0.84Y0.16O1.92 (STN94–YSZ) anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is investigated during electrochemical testing in a symmetric cell setup. The CGO/NiO infiltrated symmetric cells were subjected to varying atmospheres of H2O/H2 between 650 and 850 °C and characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Analytical high resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that the CGO/NiO infiltrate was found to coalesce and grow from an indistinguishable CGO/NiO fluorite structure of an average diameter of 5 nm to individual well-connected, but phase-separated, CGO and Ni particles of 50 nm in average. This study confirms that instability and growth of CGO/NiO infiltrates in STN-based SOFC electrodes affect the morphology and can potentially be linked to reported losses in electrochemical performance.

The persistent problems with Ni-YSZ cermet based SOFCs, with respect to redox stability and tolerance towards sulfur has stimulated the development of a full ceramic cell based on strontium titanate(ST)- based anodes and anode support materials, within the EU FCH JU project SCOTAS-SOFC. Three different compositions (La, Y and Nb substituted ST) have been developed as anode backbones for either 25 cm2 or larger than 100 cm2 cell areas. Cell performances, once infiltrated with suitable electro catalysts, exhibited a maximum power density of 0.5 W/cm2 at 850 °C. While the ST based backbone remains intact and tolerant to redox cycles, cell performance degradation appears linked to the infiltrated electro catalysts. The materials have also been assessed with respect to their electrical and mechanical properties, in order to further evaluate their potential use as anode and anode support layers in SOFCs.

WOS:000322561800002 (Nº de Acesso Web of Science) This research has been motivated by a real-life problem of a waste cooking oil collection system characterized by the existence of multiple depots with an outsourced vehicle fleet, where the collection routes have to be plan. The routing problem addressed allows open routes between depots, i.e., all routes start at one depot but can end at the same or at a different one, depending on what minimizes the objective function considered. Such problem is referred as a Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Mixed Closed and Open Inter-Depot Routes and is, in this paper, modeled through a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation where capacity and duration constraints are taken into account. The model developed is applied to the real case study providing, as final results, the vehicle routes planning where a decrease of 13% on mileage and 11% on fleet hiring cost are achieved, when comparing with the current company solution.

Objective: To assess the anthropometric profile, health conditions and lifestyle of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) enrolled in the HiperDia program (Programa HiperDia) of the Family Health Strategy (Estratégia de Saúde da Família – ESF) of Sinop, Mato Grosso. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in an ESF located in the center of Sinop, Mato Grosso, from June to October 2013, with patients with diabetes of both genders and age ≥ 18 years. Weight, height, pressoric levels, body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and lifestyle habits were assessed. Results: Participants (n=54) had a mean age of 64.2 ± 10.2 years and BMI of 29.0 ± 5.4 kg/m2, and were mostly women (n=34). Nutritional and metabolic changes were found among participants: excessive weight (77.8%), high BF% (92.0%), high WC suggesting risk for complications associated with obesity (85.5%), hypertension (87.0%) and sedentary lifestyle (66.7%). Glucose was altered in both genders (p>0.05) and 16.7% of the individuals with diabetes were undiagnosed. Of the participants, 5.6% were smokers, 29.6% consumed alcohol, the mean meal fractioning was 4.2 ± 0.9 times/day and the daily sleep hours were 7.7 ± 1.3. Conclusion: Most individuals with diabetes presented excessive weight, high BF% and WC and hyperglycemia. These results, associated with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, low meal fractioning and unawareness of the diagnosis may contribute to the occurrence of severe complications. Objetivo: Valorar el perfil antropométrico, las condiciones de salud y el estilo de vida de diabéticos inscritos en el HiperDia de una Estrategia de Salud de la Familia (ESF) de Sinop- MT. Métodos: Se trató de un estudio transversal y descriptivo realizado en una ESF localizada en el centro de Sinop-MT entre junio y octubre de 2013 con diabéticos de ambos los sexos y edad ≥18 años. Se valoró el peso, la altura, los niveles de presión, el porcentual de grasa corporal (%GC), la circunferencia de la cintura (CC), la glucemia en ayunas, el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), la medición de la presión arterial y los hábitos de vida. Resultados: Los participantes (n=54) presentaron la edad media de 64,2 ± 10,2 años, el IMC de 29,0 ± 5,4 kg/m2 y la mayoría son mujeres (n=34). Las alteraciones nutricionales y metabólicas encontradas en los participantes fueron: el exceso de peso (77,8%), el %GC elevado (92,0%), la CC elevada lo que contribuye para las complicaciones asociadas con la obesidad (85,5%), la hipertensión (87,0%) y el sedentarismo (66,7%). La glucemia se presentó alterada en ambos los sexos (p>0,05) y el 16,7% de los diabéticos desconocían su diagnóstico. Entre los participantes el 5,6% era tabaquista, el 29,6% consumía bebidas alcohólicas, el fraccionamiento de las comidas fue de 4,2 ± 0,9 veces/día y las horas de sueño al día fue de 7,7 ± 1,3. Conclusión: La mayoría de los diabéticos presentó exceso de peso, el %GC y la CC elevados y hiperglucemia. Eses resultados asociados con la hipertensión, el síndrome metabólico, el sedentarismo, el tabaquismo, el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, el bajo fraccionamiento de las comidas y el no conocimiento de su diagnostico pueden contribuir para la ocurrencia de complicaciones graves. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil antropométrico, condições de saúde e estilo de vida de diabéticos cadastrados no HiperDia de uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) de Sinop-MT. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo realizado em uma ESF, localizada no centro de Sinop-MT, de junho a outubro de 2013, com diabéticos, de ambos os sexos e idade ≥18 anos. Avaliou-se peso, altura, níveis pressóricos, percentual de gordura corporal (%GC), circunferência da cintura (CC), glicemia jejum, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), aferição da pressão arterial e hábitos de vida. Resultados: Os participantes (n=54) apresentaram idade média de 64,2 ± 10,2 anos e IMC de 29,0 ± 5,4 kg/m2, sendo a maioria mulheres (n=34). Alterações nutricionais e metabólicas foram encontradas entre os avaliados: excesso de peso (77,8%), %GC elevado (92,0%), CC elevada pressupondo risco para complicações associadas à obesidade (85,5%), hipertensão (87,0%) e sedentarismo (66,7%). A glicemia apresentou-se alterada em ambos os sexos (p>0,05), e 16,7% dos diabéticos desconheciam seu diagnóstico. Dos participantes, 5,6% eram tabagistas, 29,6% consumiam bebidas alcoólicas, o fracionamento das refeições foi de 4,2 ± 0,9 vezes/dia e as horas diárias de sono de 7,7 ± 1,3. Conclusão: A maioria dos diabéticos apresentou excesso de peso, %GC e CC elevados e hiperglicemia. Esses resultados, associados à hipertensão, síndrome metabólica, sedentarismo, tabagismo, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, baixo fracionamento de refeições e desconhecimento sobre seu diagnóstico, podem contribuir para a ocorrência de complicações graves.

What happens when people try to forget something? What are the consequences of instructing people to intentionally forget a sentence? Recent studies employing the item-method directed forgetting paradigm have shown that to-be-forgotten (TBF) items are, in a subsequent task, emotionally devaluated relative to to-be-remembered (TBR) items, an aftereffect of memory selection (Vivas, Marful, Panagiotidou & Bajo, 2016). As such, distractor devaluation by attentional selection generalizes to memory selection. In this study, we use the item-method directed forgetting paradigm to test the effects of memory selection and inhibition on truth judgments of ambiguous sentences. We expected the relative standing of an item in the task (i.e., whether it was instructed to be remembered or forgotten) to affect the truthfulness value of that item, making TBF items less valid/truthful than TBR items. As predicted, ambiguous sentences associated with a "Forget" cue were subsequently judged as less true than sentences associated with a "Remember" cue, suggesting that instructions to intentionally forget a statement can produce changes in the validity/truthfulness of that statement. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show an influence of memory processes involved in selection and forgetting on the perceived truthfulness of sentences.

article In the present work, the moderating role of stereotypes in trait and situational spontaneous inferences is examined. Previous research has shown that stereotypes affect the likelihood of spontaneously inferring personality traits from behaviors, but whether stereotype knowledge also interferes with the likelihood of making situational inferences is something that remains unknown. In two experiments, the stereotypes asso- ciated with the actors and their corresponding behavioral descriptions allowed both trait and situational inferences. Results showed that spontaneous trait inferences were more likely to be made for stereotype- consistent behaviors than for stereotype-inconsistent behaviors, whereas spontaneous situational inferences follow the opposite pattern. Our findings support the hypothesis that spontaneous trait and situational infer- ences interplay with stereotype knowledge in the service of preserving the coherence of information received.

WOS:000298935900001 (Nº de Acesso Web of Science) “Prémio Científico ISCTE-IUL 2013” More than twenty five years after the beginning of research on spontaneous trait inferences (Winter & Uleman, 1984) an intriguing paradox in the impression formation literature remains: if traits are spontaneously inferred, why aren't they used to organize behavioral information and thereby facilitate recall under memory instructions (Hamilton, Katz, & Leirer, 1980)7 We hypothesized that organization by traits is more evident under impression formation goals because only in that case then are inferences sufficiently monitored to permit their use in organizing impressions. As a consequence, such monitored traits can then be used strategically as retrieval cues. Merging the main features of the Winter and Uleman and the Hamilton et al. experimental paradigms, Experiment 1 simultaneously replicated the main results of both studies. Using a new recognition paradigm, Experiments 2 and 3 further tested this inference monitoring hypothesis by showing that monitoring of trait inferences only occurs under particular processing goals, and is dependent on the availability of cognitive resources.

Previous research using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm has shown that lists of associates in which the critical words were easily identified as the themes of the lists produce lower levels of false memories in adults. In an attempt to analyze whether this effect is due to the application of a specific memory-editing process (the identify-to-reject strategy), two experiments manipulated variables that are likely to disrupt this strategy either at encoding or at retrieval. In Experiment 1, lists were presented at a very fast presentation rate to reduce the possibility of identifying the missing critical word as the theme of the list, and in Experiment 2, participants were pressed to give yes/no recognition answers within a very short time. The results showed that both of these manipulations disrupted the identifiability effect, indicating that the identify-to-reject strategy and theme identifiability play a major role in the rejection of false memories in the DRM paradigm.

Magnetisation and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements have been performed in the perovskite-type compounds La 1− x Sr x Fe 0.8 Cr 0.2 O 3− δ ( x = 0.2 , 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8). All compounds show an overall antiferromagnetic behaviour mainly attributed to predominant Fe 3+ –O–Fe 3+ interactions. For 0.2 x ⩽ 0.6 , increasing x gives rise to the increase of higher valence states of Fe and Cr, breaking the long-range AFM order and lowering T ord . The coexistence of AFM and FM interactions leads to reentrant magnetic behaviour for the x = 0.4 compound and to spin–glass like behaviour for x = 0.8 . Between x = 0.6 and 0.8, the similar magnetic moments found in the paramagnetic region indicate that the Fe/Cr valences do not change significantly, pointing towards an increased role for oxygen vacancy formation in the charge compensation mechanism.

Abstract. In the present paper, we explore the notion that judgments of typicality are dependent on the goal-relevancy of exemplars. However, we propose that relevancy can be derived from the response provided to stimulus, through the operation of stimulus-response bindings. Specifically, items associated with selection responses are tagged as “relevant” and will be subsequently judged as more typical of their categories, while stimuli associated with avoidance responses are tagged as “irrelevant” will be judged as less typical of their categories. We test this prediction with a Go-NoGo task with male and female faces. Results showed that (a) faces associated with a selection (Go) response were judged more typical of their gender category than faces associated with an avoidance (NoGo) response, and (b) these effects were more likely to be observed when the context is reactivated. Our results are consistent with the notion that representation of typicality is goal-oriented and contextually dependent.

This paper studies alternative scenarios for a recyclable waste collection system in order to increase efficiency in their operations. Three alternative scenarios are proposed where two different locations for one or two additional depots are studied. The problem is considered as a multi-depot vehicle routing problem and a solution approach is developed. The three scenarios are compared with the current solution regarding distance travelled, working hours, amount of waste collected and vehicle usage. Significant gains are obtained when depots are added to the current logistics system. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

This paper aims to assess the impact of using vehicles with multiple compartments in a recyclable waste collection system. Such systems perform single-material routes to collect three types of recyclable materials (paper, glass and plastic/metal), where vehicles with a single compartment are used. If vehicles with multi-compartments were used, two or even the three materials could be collected simultaneously without mixing them. A heuristic approach is developed to solve the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem and applied to a real recyclable waste collection system operating in Portugal. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

This paper studies the urban change that occurred in the city of Lisbon after the 1755 earthquake. It discusses the morphological break that took place when the mediaeval spatial pattern was modified by the reconstruction of the city centre by Pombal, the King's minister responsible for the reconstruction of the city. The main goals are to analyse the morphological transformation made by Pombal and to identify the spatial strategies that contributed to the conception and formalisation of this new City of Enlightenment.

Many oxygen-ion conducting ceramics for potential application as membranes in solid oxide fuel cells, oxygen separators and partial oxidation reactors, suffer from a chemically-induced stress when subjected to a gradient in the thermodynamic activity of oxygen. The relationships between the oxide properties, the membrane operating conditions, the membrane geometry and the resulting stresses are explored. Ceria and acceptor-doped lanthanum chromite are given as typical examples for which relevant materials data have been published. Analysis of the experimental data shows that although the lattice expansion on reduction, that gives rise to the stress, depends mainly on the deviation from stoichiometry in their oxide, the crystal structure and the dopant also have a significant influence. The induced stresses are predicted to be lowest for planar membranes that are free to bend in order to relax the stresses. However, the stresses in a planar membrane that is constrained not to bend are predicted to be similar to those induced in a tubular membrane.

This work was partially supported by the CMA/FCT/UNL under the project PEst OE/MAT/UI0297/2011. Packaging waste collection systems are responsible to collect, within a geographic area, threetypes of packaging materials (paper, glass and plastic/metal) that are disposed by the finalconsumer into special bins. Those systems are often characterized by having a network withmultiple depots that act as transfer and sorting stations, and where the vehicle fleet is based.However, each depot is often managed independently and not as a part of a unique system. Inthis work, four current tactical/operational practices that contribute to the independentmanagement of each depot are analysed. The change of such practices is investigated andtheir impact assessed on the total collection cost. A solution methodology based onmathematical formulations is developed to plan service areas, vehicle routes and vehicleschedules taken into account new alternative solutions in managing the system as a whole.Such methodology is applied to a real case study of a company responsible for the collection ofthe packaging waste in 7 municipalities in mainland Portugal. New service areas, collectionroutes and vehicle schedules are defined and significant savings are obtained in terms of thetotal distance travelled as well as in terms of the number of vehicles required, resulting in adecreasing of the total system cost. authorsversion published

This paper has a conceptual character and explores an approach between transaction cost analysis theory and network theory when applied to supply chains in a broader context: industrial management research. This approach raises the assumptions that fast supply chains, i.e., supply chains made of short time relationships and multiple partners can contribute to destroying trust and collaboration between companies, ending up by stressing actual systems’ arrangements in somehow stable supply chains/network chains. As a consequence, transforming them in distrust arrangements and thus giving birth to new (old) approaches based only on transaction cost analysis theory: opportunism and limited rationality as the continuum for relationships between companies in a globalized world with numerous potential agents/companies that can play several roles. Too high levels of entropy can show this reality: the number of potential players (suppliers, customers or complementors) with theoretically equal probability of establishing partnerships with one focal company in a supply chain or network arrangement is excessive in relation to the number of current suppliers, customers and complementors, and for that reason, the focal company is somehow dissipating energy in identifying several potential players and in a state of giving one way or another equal importance to them all, situation that can affect stable relations with current partners. Theoretically, this will create what looks like strategic fast supply—demand chains or network chains: fast because they are rapidly settle down and fast as they are also rapidly dismantled. Those arrangements are the ones responsible for several possible and fast relations (internalizing resources from the environment and/or externalizing resources to the environment) but, anyway, contributing to loose trust, credibility and running against profitable games with partners already involved with focal companies in stable supply chains.

The present work aims to support tactical and operational planning decisions of reverse logistics systems while considering economic, environmental and social objectives. In the literature, when addressing such systems economic aspects have been often used, while environmental concerns have emerged only recently. The social component is the one less studied and rarely the combination of the three concerns has been analyzed. This work considers the three objectives and was motivated by the challenge of supporting decision makers when managing a real case study of a recyclable waste collection system, where strategic decisions on the number and location of depots, vehicles and containers were taken beforehand. Tactical and operational decisions are studied involving the establishment of service areas for each depot and the definition and scheduling of collection routes for each vehicle. Such decisions should represent a compromise solution between the three objectives translating a sustainable reverse logistics plan. The problem is modeled as a multi-objective, multi-depot periodic vehicle routing problem with inter-depot routes. A mathematical formulation and a solution approach are proposed. An approximation to the Pareto front is obtained for the case study and the trade-offs between the objectives are discussed. A balanced solution is proposed.

This paper addresses the planning of recyclable waste collection systems while accounting for economic and environmental concerns. Service areas and vehicle routes are defined for multiple-depot logistics networks where different products have to be collected. The problem is modeled as a multi-product, multi-depot vehicle routing problem with two objective functions: distance and CO2 emissions minimization. A decomposition solution method is developed and applied to a real case-study. Six scenarios are studied regarding different service areas configuration and different objective functions. Savings up to 22% in distance and 27% in CO2 emissions are achieved, excelling economical and environmental goals. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

WOS:000290258800003 (Nº de Acesso Web of Science) “Prémio Científico ISCTE-IUL 2012” This paper describes a heuristic approach for the definition of service (or influence) areas of multiple depots in a reverse logistics network. This work is based on a case study: the recyclable waste collection system with 5 depots that covers seven municipalities in the Alentejo region, southern Portugal. The system optimization considers two objectives, related with economic and organizational issues: minimizing the variable costs (function of the travelled distances by the collection vehicles), and the pursuit of equity, aiming at minimizing the workload differences among depots. The goal of balancing workloads poses a problem not usually treated in the existing literature. This fact required the development of a new approach with innovative elements adjusted to the existing circumstances.

L’obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di comprendere il processo di formazione dei professori in relazione alla ludicità, identificandone le condizioni determinanti, soprattutto all’università. Si parte dal presupposto che, un’effettiva articolazione tra i saperi dei docenti e le conoscenze universitarie nella formazione iniziale e continuata dei professori, può generare un’università più “hóspita”* (termine di Boaventura de Sousa Santos) nei confronti di processi alternativi di produzione di conoscenze, come quelli associati alla ludicità. L’intenzione è quella di far sì che la comprensione derivante da questo studio - ottenuta soprattutto attraverso l’esercizio del pensiero complesso, così menzionato da Edgar Morin, e delle idee di Maurice Tardif, Antonio Nóvoa e Bernard Charlot sulla formazione dei professori – collabori per il rinnovo delle forme di pensare la formazione del docente, permettendo un miglioramento nella realizzazione di pratiche educative in questa area. Come e perché alcuni professori diventano capaci di giocare nelle loro pratiche pedagogiche e qual è il contributo possibile dell’università è, pertanto, la questione della ricerca sviluppata in questa tesi, la quale si sviluppa attraverso le seguenti domande: a) come e in che condizioni si costituiscono le identità, le soggettività e i saperi professionali dei professori che giocano? b) chi sono, come e perché giocano i professori che giocano? c) qual è il ruolo dell’università in questo processo? d) che cosa caratterizzerebbe le azioni istituzionali universitarie di qualifica dei professori nella prospettiva ludica? Con lo scopo di rispondere a queste domande, sono stati interrogati sulla loro formazione ludica i professori che usano il gioco, creando, nell’ambito della metodologia di ricerca (auto) biografica nell’educazione e partendo dalla ludobiografia concepita da Gianfranco Staccioli, un procedimento specifico di produzione di narrazioni condivise in gruppo, denominato incontri ludobiografici. In questi incontri, gli otto professori partecipanti allo studio, selezionati in base alla diffusa presenza del gioco nelle loro pratiche pedagogiche, hanno raccontato le loro storie formative in relazione al gioco attraverso attività ludico-espressive. I dati risultanti, riportati attraverso fotografie, video-registrazioni e rispettiva trascrizione, appunti presi su campo e portfoli individuali elaborati dai professori, sono stati interpretati sotto la prospettiva dell’Ermeneutica Filosofica di Hans-Georg Gadamer. Per quanto riguarda i risultati, si evidenzia: una migliore comprensione della formazione ludica del professore partendo dalla sua conoscenza come una complessa costellazione di saperi e pratiche; l’identificazione del ruolo dell’università in questa formazione, soprattutto in quelle situazioni di formazione professionale che integrano i diversi saperi acquisiti dall’esperienza, valorizzandoli, come accade in alcune attività di formazione continuata e, in particolare, attività di Estensione Universitaria; l’importanza dell’autonomia del professore nella definizione dei suoi studi, affinchè siano soggetti del suo proprio progetto formativo, avendone la responsabilità; il contributo dell’utilizzo di risorse espressive derivanti dall’esperienza ludica attraverso la ludobiografia per avere un’idea più profonda delle storie della formazione dei professori in relazione al gioco, mettendo in luce più dettagli su questo processo, come se fosse una “sociologia delle assenze”, nei termini di Bonaventura de Sousa Santos; e, infine, il contributo dell’Ermeneutica Filosofica per l’interpretazione dei dati, come modo dialogale di produzione di comprensione. O objetivo desta Tese é compreender o processo de formação docente em relação à ludicidade, identificando suas condições determinantes, particularmente na universidade. Parte do pressuposto de que uma efetiva articulação entre os saberes docentes e os conhecimentos universitários na formação inicial e continuada docente pode gerar uma universidade mais “hóspita” (termo de Boaventura de Sousa Santos) a processos alternativos de produção de conhecimentos, como aqueles associados à ludicidade. Pretende-se que a compreensão advinda deste estudo – obtida, sobretudo, através do exercício do pensamento complexo tal como preconizado por Edgar Morin e das ideias de Maurice Tardif, Antonio Nóvoa e Bernard Charlot sobre a formação de professores – colabore para a renovação das formas de pensar a formação docente, contribuindo para melhorar a realização de práticas educativas nessa área. Como e por que alguns professores tornam-se capazes de brincar em suas práticas pedagógicas e qual a contribuição possível da universidade para isso é, pois, o problema da pesquisa desenvolvida para esta Tese, que se desdobra nas seguintes questões: a) como e em que condições se constituem as identidades, as subjetividades e os saberes profissionais dos professores que brincam? b) quem são, como e por que brincam os professores que brincam? c) qual a atuação da universidade nesse processo? d) o que configuraria as ações institucionais universitárias de qualificação dos professores na perspectiva lúdica? Com a finalidade de respondê-las, a pesquisa interrogou professores que brincam sobre a sua formação lúdica, criando, no âmbito da metodologia de pesquisa (auto) biográfica em educação e a partir da ludobiografia concebida por Gianfranco Staccioli, um procedimento específico de produção de narrativas em forma de grupo focal denominado encontros ludobiográficos; neles, os oito professores participantes do estudo, selecionados em função da notória presença da brincadeira em suas práticas pedagógicas, contaram suas histórias formativas em relação ao brincar através de atividades lúdico-expressivas. Os dados resultantes, registrados através de fotografias, videogravação e respectiva transcrição, notas de campo e portfólios individuais elaborados pelos professores foram interpretados sob a perspectiva da Hermenêutica Filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Como resultados, destacam-se: uma melhor compreensão da formação lúdica do professor a partir de seu entendimento como uma complexa constelação de saberes e práticas; a identificação do papel da universidade nessa formação, sobretudo naquelas situações de formação profissional que integram os diferentes saberes construídos pela vida afora, valorizando-os, como ocorre em algumas atividades de formação continuada e, particularmente, nas atividades de Extensão Universitária; a importância da autonomia do professor na definição de seus estudos, no sentido de serem sujeitos de seu próprio projeto formativo, responsabilizando-se por ele; a contribuição do emprego de recursos expressivos oriundos da experiência lúdica através da ludobiografia para prospectar com mais profundidade as histórias de formação dos professores em relação ao brincar, trazendo à superfície dos relatos mais detalhes sobre esse processo, como se fora uma “sociologia das ausências”, no dizer de Boaventura de Sousa Santos; e, finalmente, a contribuição da Hermenêutica Filosófica para a interpretação dos dados, como modo dialogal de produção de compreensão. The objective of this thesis is to understand the process of teacher training in relation to playfulness, by identifying its determinant conditions, particularly at the university. It assumes that an effective articulation between teacher knowledge and university knowledge in the initial and continuous training of teachers can create a more "hospitable" university (a term of Boaventura de Souza Santos) to alternative processes of knowledge production, such as those associated to playfulness. It is intended that the understanding arising from this study ─ obtained mainly through the exercise of complex thinking as advocated by Edgar Morin and the ideas of Maurice Tardif, Antonio Nóvoa and Bernard Charlot on the training of teachers ─ collaborates in the renewal of ways of thinking teacher training, helping to improve the performance of educational practices in this area. How and why some teachers become able to play in their teaching practices and what is the possible contribution of the university for this is, therefore, the problem of the research conducted for this thesis, which unfolds on the following issues: a) how and under what conditions identities, subjectivities and professional knowledge of teachers who play are constituted? b) who are the teachers who play, how and why do they do that? c) what is the role of the university in this process? d) what would constitute the academic institutional actions of qualification of teachers in a ludic perspective? In order to answer them, the survey asked teachers who play about their ludic training, creating within the (auto) biographical research methodology in education and from the ludic biography conceived by Gianfranco Staccioli, a specific procedure of narrative production in the form of a focal group called ludic biographical meetings; in them, the eight teachers in the study, selected for the notable presence of playfulness in their teaching, told their training stories in relation to playing through expressive ludic activities. The resulting data, recorded through photographs, video recording and its transcript, field notes and individual portfolio prepared by the teachers were interpreted from the perspective of the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer. Some of the results are a better understanding of the ludic training of the teacher from its understanding as a complex constellation of knowledge and practice; identifying the role of the university in teacher education, especially in situations of training involving different kinds of knowledge throughout life, and valuing them, as occurs in some continuing education activities, and particularly the activities of University Extension; the importance of teacher autonomy in defining their studies, to be agents of their own formative project, taking responsibility for it; the contribution of the use of significant resources from the ludic experience through the ludic biography to explore in more depth the stories of teacher training in relation to playing, bringing to the surface of the reports more details on this process, as if it were a "sociology of absences", in the words of Boaventura de Souza Santos; and, finally, the contribution of philosophical hermeneutics to interpret the data, as a dialogic way of production of understanding.

Exame da ludicidade desde a perspectiva de sua potencialidade para a promoção da inclusão social e escolar e para a transformação social, com ênfase nas necessidades e possibilidades dos indivíduos com necessidades educacionais especiais. A partir de breve análise dos tempos atuais e sua relação com a diferença, aborda a compreensão e a intervenção sobre as diferenças através da brincadeira. Ressalta o potencial emancipatório da brincadeira e sua contribuição na luta contra a discriminação e a exclusão nas várias esferas da vida. This article examines children’s games from the perspective of its potentiality for the promotion of social and educational inclusion and for social change, emphasizing the necessities and possibilities of individuals with special educational needs. Starting from a brief analysis of current times and its relation to difference, the article deals with the comprehension of and intervention on differences through playing. It highlights the emancipating potential of playing and its contribution in the struggle against discrimination and exclusion in several domains of life.

Ca2FeAl1-xMgxO5 (x=0, 0.05 and 0.1) compounds adopting the brownmillerite-type structure were prepared by a self-combustion route using two different fuels. Characterisation was performed using X-ray powder diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, magnetisation measurements, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy and 4-point dc conductivity measurements. Global results indicate that the solubility limit was reached for x=0.1. An antiferromagnetic behaviour was detected for all studied compositions, with magnetic ordering temperatures of 340 and 290 K for x=0 and 0.05, respectively. Mg doping increases the number of iron cations in tetrahedral sites, which induces magnetisation enhancement at low temperatures through the coupling between octahedral iron cations in different octahedral planes. The compounds exhibit semiconductor behaviour and Mg2+ doping yields a significant enhancement of the total conductivity, which can be essentially attributed to the presence of Fe4+ ions. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WM2-4NHV4TY-1/1/653d73d5934c5cbcec36a94c70202e25