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Postoperative changes of the gastric mucosa were studied in biopsy specimens from patients with resection of the stomach. In 11.4 per cent of cases no changes were revealed. In 70.9 per cent various types of gastritis occurred. After 5 years of partial gastrectomy in 11.9 per cent of cases primary carcinoma of the stump or the anastomosis was found. Considering these data systemic endoscopic control of patients with partial resection of the stomach is recommended.

We resected a vulvar tumor, present for five years, from a 75-year-old female, and performed light and electron microscopy. Simultaneous proliferation of exo-, endo- and amphicrine cells was demonstrated. Based on histological evidence, the case is considered as a hitherto undescribed amphicrine tumor of the vulva.

One case of bilateral papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis without the development of Hippel--Lindau disease is reported. This rare, benign tumour should be considered in the differential diagnostics of the enlargment of the epidimdyis in young and middle aged males. Histological picture of the tumour described seems to evidence, that it originates from the ductuli efferentes.

A case of isolated granulomatous gastritis observed in a 66-year-old female patient is reported. The gastric granulomatosis gave rise to pyloric stenosis, and at the first explorative laparotomy the change was misdiagnosed for an inoperable tumour. Gastroscopy then revealed the presence of a peptic ulcer, which healed completely on drug therapy. At the second surgical intervention undertaken on account of a relapse after 2 years, Billroth II type resection of the stomach led to complete recovery; the patient has been free from complaints ever since. It is suggested that in addition to peptic ulcer and tumour, isolated gastric granulomatosis should be taken into consideration as the underlying mechanism of pyloric stenosis.

In the post decade seven patients have been operated for pulmonary arteriovenous fistula at the 3rd Department of Surgery of the Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest. Three of the patients were adults, the others being children and adolescents. Fistules were localized in the left lower lobe in four cases, and in the right upper lobe in three cases. Two of the patients displayed bilateral fistules. The type of the operation was lobectomy in six cases and enucleation in one case. The symptoms, the diagnostic and surgical methods and the results obtained are discussed.

The effects of chronic antidiabetic treatment were examined in a clinically manifest, but non-ketotic diabetic animal model in which increased stabilization of steric structure in the cardiac connective tissue and left ventricular diastolic stiffness have been demonstrated. These changes accounted for decreased left ventricular performance during left ventricular afterload. Each of 8 diabetic dogs was given daily 8-16 IU of insulin, 250-750 mg carbutamide or 2-10 mg glibenclamide, respectively; doses were always adjusted to the actual metabolic requirements and findings were compared to those of 11 untreated diabetic and 6 healthy dogs. After three months, the hemodynamic and metabolic studies showed that the metabolically controlled diabetic dogs had less marked alterations in the connective cardiac tissue, left ventricular diastolic stiffness and performance. Apart from a considerable rise of arterial blood pressure during carbutamide treatment, no other difference was found in the cardiac actions of the three hypoglycemic agents tested.

In a newborn infant, absence of kidney, hypoplasia of the lung, absence of the subclavian artery, of the adnexa, of the upper limb and its acetabulum were found on the right side, together with renal dysgenesis and other anomalies on the left side. It is presumed that the severe anomalies damaging the right part of the body were consequences of an increased intrauterine pressure due to oligohydramnios.