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3. Cashew leaf extract gel as antibacterial with CMC-Na as gelling agent.

Author

Chabib, Lutfi, Hartanto, Syukri, Yandi, and Suryani, Arman

Subjects
CASHEW tree, CASHEW nuts, CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE, EXTRACTS, TRITERPENOIDS, ALOE vera
Abstract

The ethanol extract of cashew leaves has very strong antibacterial substances such as flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids. The purpose of this study was to examine the optimal viscosity of the cashew leaf extract gel preparation with variations in the concentration of CMC-Na as a gelling agent. Extraction of cashew leaves using maceration method using 70% ethanol for 2 days. The characterization of the gel preparations observed included viscosity tests, pH tests, homogeneity tests and microbiological tests. The best viscosity is shown by formula 2 with a value of 259.067 Cpas which is neither too runny nor too thick. Testing the pH of the three formulations of the cashew extract gel, the pH value was almost the same as the average pH of 4.45. The results of testing the stickiness of the cashew leaf gel preparation obtained a low value below 0.00081 cm/second, the adhesion test was carried out to find out how long the preparation could stick to the surface of the skin, the higher the stickiness the more drug was absorbed into the skin. The results of the particle size test of formula 2 have the smallest size of 142.20 m ± 0.297 with the smallest measurement difference which shows that formula 2 is more homogeneous than the other formulas. The results of the microbiological test showed good inhibition in formula 1 with an average value of 16.55 mm ± 1.909 and formula 2 with an average value of 16.30 mm ± 2.546. This result is a strong inhibitory ability of the test. In conclusion, the concentration of carboxymethylcellulose in formulation 2 has better characteristics as a carrier for cashew leaf extract and is effective in inhibiting bacteria classified as strong antibacterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. INOVASI PENGOBATAN ANTIKANKER PAYUDARA DARI NANOPARTIKEL EMAS EKSTRAK DAUN TIN (Ficus carica L.)

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Nugroho, Bambang Hernawan, Febriana, Yoga, Ningrum, Aldia Dwi Karina, and Maharani, Galuh Annaba

Subjects
Health, Science and Technology
Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan biosintesis karakterisasi nanopartikel emas dari esktrak daun tin yang berkhasiat sebagai antikanker payudara khususnya terhadap sel T47D. Biosintesis dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan ekstrak daun tin hasil maserasi dengan larutan HAuCl4 menggunakan ultrasonikasi. Terbentuknya nanopartikel emas ditunjukkan dengan terjadinya perubahan warna dari kuning menjadi merah muda pada jam ke-3, panjang gelombang 544,40 nm, ukuran partikel 80,46 ± 0,288 nm dengan nilai indeks polidispersi 0,292 ± 0,013 Ð. Morfologi sediaan menunjukkan bentuk segitiga, heksagonal, dan bulat. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus C=O dan –OH yang menandakan adanya flavonoid. Nanopartikel emas daun tin memiliki IC50 terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D dan sel vero berturut-turut sebesar 81,43 ppm dan 74,09 ppm. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun tin dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan nanopartikel emas dengan sederhana dan ramah lingkungan serta memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker payudara namun tidak selektif terhadap sel vero.

Published
2020

21. Fabrikasi dan Studi Stabilitas Self-Nano Emulsifying Propolis menggunakan Minyak Kesturi sebagai Pembawa

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Kholidah, Ziyyatul, Chabib, Lutfi, Syukri, Yandi, Kholidah, Ziyyatul, and Chabib, Lutfi

Abstract

Propolis is a poorly-water soluble resin produced by bees with antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Self-nano emulsifying (SNE) is one of the drug delivery methods to improve drug solubility of poorly water-soluble. This study aimed to prepare a formulation of transparent and stable of propolis loading SNE with castor oil, cremophor RH40, and PEG 400 as the carriers. The preparation of SNE was conducted by mixing propolis with the vehicle. The spontaneous nanoemulsion area was constructed by the ternary phase diagram. The characterization includes particle size, zeta potential, transmittance, thermodynamic stability, robustness to dilution, and accelerated stability test. The nanoemulsion area was found in Formulae (F) 1 to F9 with a range composition of castor oil (10-30%), cremophor RH 40 (40-80%), and PEG 400 (10-40%). The nine formulas showed transmittance values at 96-99%, particle size 10-40 nm zeta potential less than -40 mV and stable during thermodynamic stability test. The accelerated stability test showed that F5 (20: 70: 10) produces the optimal SNE formula with no phase separation and precipitation. The transmittance was obtained between 97-99%, particle size in range 15-17 nm, polyiderpersity index value of 0,1-0,2. It can be concluded that SNE propolis with castor

Published
2020

22. Self-nanoemulsifying delivery of andrographolide: ameliorating islet beta cells and inhibiting adipocyte differentiation

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Taher, Muhammad, Martien, Ronny, Lukitaningsih, Endang, Nugroho, Agung Endro, Zakaria, Zainul Amiruddin, Syukri, Yandi, Taher, Muhammad, Martien, Ronny, Lukitaningsih, Endang, Nugroho, Agung Endro, and Zakaria, Zainul Amiruddin

Abstract

Purpose: Insulin resistance is a characteristic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity and caused by the failure of pancreatic beta cells to secrete sufficient amount of insulin. Andrographolide (AND) improves beta-cell reconstruction and inhibits fat-cell formation. This research aimed to improve the delivery of water-insoluble AND in self-nanoemulsifying (ASNE) formulation, tested in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. Methods: A conventional formulation of AND in suspension was used as a control. The experimental rats were orally administered with self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) and suspension of AND for 8 days. Measurements were performed to evaluate blood glucose levels in preprandial and postprandial conditions. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the process of islet beta cell reconstruction. In vitro study was performed using cell viability and adipocyte differentiation assay to determine the delivery of AND in the formulation. Results: ASNE lowered blood glucose levels (day 4) faster than AND suspension (day 6). The histological testing showed that ASNE could regenerate pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, ASNE ameliorated pancreatic beta cells. The in vitro evaluation indicated the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by both AND and ASNE, which occurred in a time-dependent manner. ASNE formulation had better delivery than AND. Conclusion: ASNE could improve the antidiabetic activity by lowering blood glucose levels, enhancing pancreatic beta cells, and inhibiting lipid formation in adipocyte cells. ZAINUL AMIRUDDIN BIN ZAKARIA/ Yandi Syukri// Muhammad Taher, Ronny Martien,Endang Lukitaningsih,Agung Endro Nugroho

Published
2020

36. Development of New Indonesian Propolis Extract-Loaded Selfemulsifying: Characterization, Stability and Antibacterial Activity.

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Fitria, Annisa, Hanifah, Suci, and Idrati, Muthiah

Subjects
*PROPOLIS, *TERNARY phase diagrams, *CASTOR oil, *ZETA potential, *POLYETHYLENE glycol, *ACCELERATED life testing
Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to prepare, characterize, examine the stability and evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Indonesian propolis extract-loaded self-emulsifying (PESE). Methods: Oil, emulsifier, and co-emulsifier were selected as the carrier for the PESE formulation through a propolis-extract solubility test on each carrier, followed by evaluation of the nanoemulsion region in a pseudo ternary phase diagram. Pre-concentrate of PESE was prepared with the addition of 150 mg/mL propolis extract followed by characterization for the transmittance, globule size, zeta potential, thermodynamic stability, robustness to dilution, and accelerated stability. The selected formulation was tested for antibacterial activity using a microdilution method. Results: The PESE characterization produced a clear nanoemulsion with a globule size ranging from 13 to 45 nm and zeta potential of less than −38 mV. The PESE formulation with a composition of 150 mg/mL propolis extract, 20% castor oil, 40%–70% Kolliphor EL, and 10%–40% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 were thermodynamically stable. The PESE formulation with the composition of 20% castor oil, 40% Kolliphor EL, and 40% PEG 400 was the optimum formulation that passed the robustness to dilution evaluation and an accelerated stability test for 3 months. The antibacterial activity test on this formulation indicated improved activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared with that of propolis extract. Conclusion: These studies demonstrated that PESE in optimum formulation could be used as an antibacterial, particularly in E. coli and S. aureus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

37. Self-nanoemulsifying Delivery of Andrographolide: Ameliorating Islet Beta Cells and Inhibiting Adipocyte Differentiation.

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Taher, Muhammad, Martien, Ronny, Lukitaningsih, Endang, Nugroho, Agung Endro, and Zakaria, Zainul Amiruddin

Subjects
*ISLANDS of Langerhans, *FAT cells, *TYPE 2 diabetes, *BLOOD sugar, *ADIPOGENESIS, *PANCREATIC beta cells, *INSULIN resistance
Abstract

Purpose: Insulin resistance is a characteristic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity and caused by the failure of pancreatic beta cells to secrete sufficient amount of insulin. Andrographolide (AND) improves beta-cell reconstruction and inhibits fat-cell formation. This research aimed to improve the delivery of water-insoluble AND in self-nanoemulsifying (ASNE) formulation, tested in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. Methods: A conventional formulation of AND in suspension was used as a control. The experimental rats were orally administered with self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) and suspension of AND for 8 days. Measurements were performed to evaluate blood glucose levels in preprandial and postprandial conditions. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the process of islet beta cell reconstruction. In vitro study was performed using cell viability and adipocyte differentiation assay to determine the delivery of AND in the formulation. Results: ASNE lowered blood glucose levels (day 4) faster than AND suspension (day 6). The histological testing showed that ASNE could regenerate pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, ASNE ameliorated pancreatic beta cells. The in vitro evaluation indicated the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by both AND and ASNE, which occurred in a time-dependent manner. ASNE formulation had better delivery than AND. Conclusion: ASNE could improve the antidiabetic activity by lowering blood glucose levels, enhancing pancreatic beta cells, and inhibiting lipid formation in adipocyte cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

41. Formulation of Lipbutter Using Red Dragon Fruit's Extract (HylocereusCostaricensis)As Natural Dyes With Various Oil Phase Concentration

Author

Sandriani, Yulita, Nugroho, Bambang Hernawan, Tsani, Silmi Fauzi Izza, Syukri, Yandi, Sandriani, Yulita, Nugroho, Bambang Hernawan, Tsani, Silmi Fauzi Izza, and Syukri, Yandi

Abstract

Lipbutter is a cosmetic preparation used for people with dry and cracked lips problems. One example of a fruit that can be used as a natural dye is a red dragon fruit (Hylocereuscostaricensis) because it contains anthocyanin pigment that serves as a color pigment. Red dragon fruit is a fruit that has several properties such as antioxidants, antimicrobials, boost the immune system and contains some good vitamins for the skin such as vitamin E, vitamin C and vitamin B three. Red dragon fruit can be used as a lip moisturizer and can overcome dry skin that will effective when used regularly. The aim of this research is to make lipbutter preparation using red dragon fruit extract as natural dye, with oil phase concentration (Oleumricini). Red Dragon Fruit extracted using a method of escaping with the extract. Made with three formulas. Lipbutter preparation is evaluated pH, melting point, and organoleptys. The results showed that the lipbutter preparations were made to have good texture and aroma but the color was not stable.It can be concluded with the addition of the concentration of castor oil (Oleumricini) to the preparation to yield the highest average pH preparation. With the right melting point also produces a pH corresponding to the physiological pH of the lips.

Published
2017

42. PENGARUH TRAGAKAN SEBAGAI PENGIKAT TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK TABLET HISAP EKSTRAK JAHE (Zingiber officinalle Roxb.)

Author

Taurina, Wintari, Syukri, Yandi, and Triastuti, Asih

Subjects
Ginger lozenges, tragacanth, wet granulation method, tablet hisap jahe, tragakan, metode granulasi basah
Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roxb.) is a traditional plants usually used to relieve pain, rheumatism, and neutralize poison. The aim of this study was to get the optimum concentration of tragacanth as a binding agent in ginger lozenges formulation. The components from ginger were extracted using percolation with ethanol 70% and then evaporated using rotary evaporator. Lozenges were made in three formulas ; formula 1 (5%), 2 (7,5%), 3 (10%) of tragacanth using wet granulation method. Granules and tablets were tested for its physical properties, and analyzed using Pearson correlation. The result showed that, all of three formulas were good, comply with a regulation of physical properties and soluble time in the mouth. Variation of tragacanth concentration affected physical properties of tablets. It showed that the greater concentration of tragacanth, the larger the hardness and the longer the soluble time of tablets. The formula (tragacanth 10% b/v) gave an optimum physical properties and soluble time of tablets, with weight variety deviation 0,98%, hardness 10,18 kg, friability 0.11% and soluble time 11.50 minutes. The three formulas were received by respondens with prerequirement of improving sweetness, repairing form and the color of tablets., Jahe (Zingiber officinale Roxb.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang berkhasiat sebagai obat batuk, pelega perut, obat rematik serta penawar racun, dan telah lama digunakan dalam bentuk jamu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan obat tradisional yang lebih praktis, ekonomis, stabil, dan bernilai estetis dalam bentuk tablet hisap ekstrak jahe. Pertama dilakukan ekstraksi dari serbuk jahe, kemudian dibuat ekstrak kental dan diformulasi menjadi tablet hisap menggunakan metode granulasi basah dengan variasi konsentrasi bahan pengikat tragakan berturut-turut adalah 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%. Granul yang dihasilkan diuji sifat fisiknya berikut dievaluasi sifat fisik tablet dan tanggapan rasa serta waktu melarut di dalam mulut. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson dengan taraf kepercayaan 99%. Semua formula dengan variasi konsentrasi bahan pengikat tragakan dapat menghasilkan sifat fisik tablet hisap yang baik dalam memenuhi persyaratan. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi tragakan yang digunakan menyebabkan % penyimpangan bobot tablet dan kerapuhan semakin kecil, kekerasan akan semakin besar serta memperlama waktu melarut tablet. Diantara formula, tablet dengan konsentrasi tagakan 10% menghasilkan sifat fisik yang paling optimal dengan penyimpangan bobot 0,98%, kekerasan 10,18 kg, dan kerapuhan 0,11% serta waktu melarut 11,50 menit. Pada uji tanggapan rasa ketiga formula sebagian besar diterima responden dengan syarat meningkatkan kemanisan dan memperbaiki bentuk dan warnanya.

Published
2015

47. Novel Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of andrographolide isolated from Andrographis paniculataNees: Characterization, in-vitro and in-vivo assessment

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Martien, Ronny, Lukitaningsih, Endang, and Nugroho, Agung Endro

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a preparation and characterization of andrographolide isolated from Andrographis paniculataNees (AND)-loaded Self-Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) to improve its oral dissolution and bioavailability. The selection of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant components for preliminary screening of self-nano emulsifying formulation was determined by solubility study of AND in various vehicles. Ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the nanoemulsification area of the selected systems. The transmittance, droplet size, zeta potential, thermodynamic stability, robustness to dilution, in-vitro release, and oral bioavailability of chosen formulations were investigated. Eight formulations containing Capryol-90, Tween 20 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 were found to be optimal AND-loaded SNEDDS (AND SNEDDS). The robustness to dilution test showed that the formulation containing Capryol-90, Tween 20 and PEG 400 (20: 70: 10 and 20: 60: 20) could be selected for dissolution study. The dissolution study then demonstrated that optimized AND SNEDDS was significantly higher in comparison to that from plain AND. AND SNEDDS showed 1.2 fold enhancement in AUC, 1.26 fold increase in Cmax, and 1.72 fold decrease in Tmaxin contrast to plain AND. The results suggested that SNEDDS formulation could enhance the dissolution and the bioavailability of andrographolide isolated from Andrographis paniculataNees.

Published
2018
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49. FORMULASI EMULSI GANDA VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DENGAN EMULGATOR SPAN 80 DAN TWEEN 60

Author

Syukri, Yandi, Zahliyatu, Siti, and Ulfa, Maulia

Abstract

Virgin Cocunut Oil (VCO) is a pure coconut oil, it has many advantages in health. It hasbeen circulated in market with unpleasant taste. Therefor, an innovation to find an acceptableformula by consumer should be carried out. The aimed of this research is to find out theinfluence of mix emulsifier toward physical stability of emulsion. Multiple emulsions w/o/wwere made by mix Span 80 with variation concentration 20%, 15%, 10%, and Tween 80. In orderto know the physical stability of emulsion w/o/w should be carried out viscosity test, separation inroom temperature, separation at 40ºC, separation due to centrifugation, creaming volume,paticle size, homogenity for 4 weeks storage, and respondent survey with 20 person. The testresult for 3 formulation emulsion for 4 weeks storage showed that formulation are nothomogeneous, but arter the formulas were shaken, it become homogeneous. In variousconcentration of Span 80, the longer preperations were storage the higher volume sedimentationand viscosity. Moreover, the longer preparations were storage, creaming volume and particle sizedecrease. Emulsifier combination between Span 80 with variation concentration 20%, 15%, 10%,and tween 60 in multiple emulsion w/o/w influenced physical stability multiple emulsi w/o/w.Moreover, this formulation also would be pleasant by consumen.Keywords: Multiple emulsion w/o/w, Span 80, Tween 60, Virgin Coconut Oil

Published
2009

50. Pengembangan Formulasi Tablet Furosemida secara Kempa Langsung dalam Upaya Peningkatan Laju Disolusinya

Author

Syukri, Yandi and Triana, Neni

Abstract

The aim of this research was find direct compression furosemide tablet formulation with better its dissolution rate. Furosemide tablet formulation were made solid dispersion technique with 5, 10, 20 and 30 % polyvinylpyrrolidon concentration. Direct compression method was optimate with physical characteristic powder test and it was continued by compress the tablet. Tablet that find was test its physical characteristic and dissolution rate in buffer posphat pH 5.8 with 50 rpm its rotation rate since 60 minute at 37  0,5o C.Test of physical characteristics tablet with solid dispersions technique has been fulfill the requisite The highest of dissolution rate obtained from third formula of furosemide tablet in the with content 15 % polyninylpirolidone which difference significant with control formula and innovator tablet. Furosemide tablet dissolution enhance 134.04 % to control formula and 4.84 % to innovator tablets.keyword : furosemide, solid dispersion, dissolution rate

Published
2007

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