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Introduction: Protracted exposures to small doses of radiation, even cumulative effective doses (CED) as low as 50–100 mSv, may increase the risk for malignancy. Medical radiation exposure has not been rigorously examined for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We examined medical radiation exposure in patients with IBS at a tertiary care center in the USA. Methods: Patients diagnosed with IBS at our institute from 2009 to 2018 were included in a retrospective cohort study. Medical charts were examined to calculate total and annual CED. Results: 221 patients were included; mean CED was 40.32 mSv (SD: 54.36). Fifty-nine participants (26.7%) received >50 mSv of CED with 27 participants (12.2%) exceeding 100 mSv. Conventional imaging, nuclear medicine, and fluoroscopy accounted for 74.08, 12.93, and 12.98% of total CED, respectively. CT scans contributed to 66.61% of total CED. Outpatient orders accounted for 37.96% of total CED, while 31.4% of total CED was ordered in the emergency department. Population-specific high total CED was calculated as 105.65 mSv. Multivariable binomial logistic regression model found that comorbid anxiety, chronic pain medication use, and diarrhea-predominant IBS were independently positively associated with population-specific high CED exposure. No significant temporal trend in peri-diagnostic mean CED was found. Conclusion: Patients with IBS receive high amounts of medical radiation, with 1 in 4 patients reaching at-risk levels of 50 mSv or more. Usage of pain medication at home, comorbid anxiety, and IBS-D are independently linked to an increased risk of high CED.

OBJECTIVE: We studied clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients living with HIV (PLH) in comparison to non-HIV population. DESIGN: Analysis of a multicentre research network TriNETX was performed including patients more than 10 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19. METHODS: Outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients with concurrent HIV (PLH) were compared with a propensity-matched cohort of patients without HIV (non-PLH). RESULTS: Fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-seven patients with COVID-19 were identified (49,763 non-PLH, 404 PLH). PLH were more likely to be men, African-American, obese and have concurrent hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and nicotine dependence compared with non-PLH cohort (all P values

Cystic fibrosis (CF) expert groups globally recommend using selective medium for isolation of Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) from respiratory specimens of CF patients. However, there is no consensus available for optimal duration of incubation and recommendations are variable. The purpose of our study was to compare the difference in recovery of BCC in CF samples at 48 hours versus 7 days when inoculated on Burkholderia cepacia selective agar. A total of 307 consecutive clinical respiratory specimens from our local CF unit were studied prospectively (August 2017 to December 2017). All specimens were inoculated on Burkholderia cepacia medium, containing polymyxin B, gentamicin and ticarcillin. In our laboratory, these plates are routinely incubated for 48 hours as per the manufacturer's recommendation. However, for this study all plates with no growth at 48 hours were further incubated for total of 7 days at 35°C in O2. Plates were read daily to look for any growth. Microbial identification was performed using MALDI-TOF Vitek MS (database V3.0). Of the 307 CF respiratory specimens cultured, 177 (58%) were from paediatric and 130 (42%) were from adult patients; 155 (50%) specimens were sputum, 148 (48%) were cough swabs and four (1%) were bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). All specimens from adults were sputum except one BAL. Thirteen (4%) cultures from eight adult and five paediatric specimens grew BCC. The majority (294, 96%) of specimens had no growth when incubated for 7 days. All 13 positive isolates recovered within 48 hours and there were no additional positive isolates found beyond 48 hours of incubation. We conclude from our analysis that prolonged incubation is not warranted for recovery of BCC in CF specimens if selective medium containing gentamicin and polymyxin is used. By adopting this approach of non-extended incubation, the burden of work on laboratory personnel can be significantly reduced and much faster turnaround time for CF cultures achieved. Our study confirms the results of recently published data on this point and challenges the prevailing dogma of utility of extended incubation for BCC isolation. For devising consensus statements for microbiology laboratories on this issue, CF societies and expert groups should consider reviewing data from the recent studies.

Introduction Hypophysitis, characterized by chronic inflammation of the pituitary, is a histological diagnosis, secondary to lymphocytic, granulomatous, plasmacytic, necrotizing, or xanthomatous etiology. Infiltration of the IgG4 (Immunoglobulin G4) positive plasma cells, lymphocytes, and subsequent fibrosis lead to IgG4 related hypophysitis. This is typically a part of a multifocal systemic disease called IgG4 related diseases and isolated pituitary involvement is uncommon. Here, we present a case of isolated IgG4 related hypophysitis. Case A 34-year-old woman presented with secondary amenorrhea and galactorrhea. Hyperprolactinemia (137 ng/mL) was noted with no associated pituitary hormone deficits. MRI pituitary showed a markedly enlarged, heterogeneous, diffusely enhancing pituitary gland measuring 13.6×12.8×15.2 mm and a small, non-enhancing focus on the left, abutting the chiasm with mass effect and mild displacement of the stalk. Cabergoline was started with the resolution of galactorrhea and normalization of prolactin levels ( Discussion IgG4 related hypophysitis refers to non-hormone secreting pituitary inflammation and enlargement that shares clinical and radiological pictures like nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. Male preponderance is noted with a presentation in the 5 th to 7 th decades of life. The prevalence of IgG4 related hypophysitis is around 30% of hypophysitis but only 1.3% of primary hypophysitis cases with no systemic involvement. Autoimmunity and infectious agents are potential inciting factors in the pathogenesis of IgG4 related diseases. Simple observation is generally recommended if the disease is asymptomatic. If the disease is symptomatic, high-dose glucocorticoids are the first choice in the absence of visual compromise requiring immediate surgical decompression and have shown a favorable response. For steroid-refractory cases, treatment options include Rituximab, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, surgery, or radiation. Further literature study is required to identify this uncommon etiology. Presentation: No date and time listed

Background Many symptoms of hyperthyroidism are mediated by the augmented activity of the adrenergic central nervous system. Rarely, symptoms of bulbar dysfunction are seen with thyrotoxicosis such as dysphagia and dysarthria. Beta blockers can abort or reduce these symptoms before anti-thyroid drugs are used. Case A 59-year-old woman with hypertension and gout, presented to the emergency department with poor oral intake and difficulties swallowing. Symptoms initially started as hoarseness of voice for 3 weeks then progressed to Globus sensation, difficulties swallowing and aspiration of solids and liquids. She also reported generalized muscle weakness, palpitations, increased sweating, tremors and 20 pounds weight loss in the preceding 2 months. Physical exam showed an ill-appearing, catechetic woman. Luedde exophthalmometry showed an absence of proptosis measuring 15 mm bilaterally without lid lag or stare and extraocular muscles were intact. The skin was silky without edema. The strength in the lower extremities was decreased and she was unable to squat or raise from a seated position. Labs showed creatinine of 2.7 mg/dL (0.4–1 mg/dL), BUN 49 (6–20 mg/dL), potassium of 3.1 (3.5–5.1 mmol/L), TSH < 0.02 (0.34–5.60 uIU/mL), FT4: 3.72. CT of the neck was obtained and multiple sub-centimetric hypodense thyroid nodules with calcifications were noted in the left thyroid lobe. Intravenous potassium chloride was given without improvement of dysphagia. 10 milligrams (mg) of propranolol were ordered to be given every 8 hours. After the first dose and over the next 24 hours she reported rapid improvement in dysphagia and muscle weakness. She was discharged on 15 mg of methimazole twice daily and propranolol 10 mg thrice daily. TSI and TRAB were elevated at 1.03 (normal < 0.54 IU/L) and 2.20 (normal At her 3 weeks follow up, TSH was Discussion Hyperthyroidism may exert powerful effects on the neuro-muscular system. The pathogenesis of myopathy in hyperthyroidism is not fully understood. In hyperthyroid periodic paralysis, hypokalemia is present, and paresis is corrected with potassium supplementation. Our patient's symptoms did not improve with potassium supplement but dramatically improved after propranolol use and before the thyroid function was normalized. This implies a role of adrenergic overactivity in myopathy of hyperthyroidism. A study1 was conducted to quantify muscular weakness in hyperthyroidism and assess the response to therapy concluded that propranolol improves muscular weakness. Conclusion Prior to normalization of thyroid function, the use of beta blockers can alleviate symptoms of bulbar dysfunction. (1)Olson BR, Klein I, Benner R, Burdett R, Trzepacz P, Levey GS. Hyperthyroid myopathy and the response to treatment. Thyroid. 1991;1(2): 137-41. doi: 10.1089/thy.1991.1.137. PMID: 1688015. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Current guidelines suggest screening at-risk groups of patients for Barrett’s esophagus (BE), a precursor to esophageal cancer. Although BE and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have common risk factors, including elevated body mass index and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the relationship between these two conditions has not been well established. METHODS: Retrospectively, all patients who had undergone a polysomnography and esophagogastroduodenoscopy at West Virginia University Hospital from 2013 to 2018 were identified and divided into groups on the basis of the presence or absence of OSA. Clinical course and procedure reports were reviewed to identify relevant variables. RESULTS: One thousand ninety-one patients met inclusion criteria; 60.9% were female, and mean age of participants was 53.5 years. Univariate analysis revealed that male gender, age, diagnosis of OSA, severity of OSA, and a clinical diagnosis of GERD were associated with BE (P values < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression incorporating age, sex, clinical diagnosis of GERD, smoking history, body mass index, Helicobacter pylori status, and presence of hiatal hernia was utilized. Patients with OSA had an increased risk of BE than had those without OSA (P < 0.001, odds ratio 3.26 [1.72–6.85]). The risk increased with increasing severity of OSA, categorized in apnea–hypopnea index increments of 10. CONCLUSION: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with BE, a relationship that is independent of other known risk factors. Additionally, this risk increases with increasing severity of OSA. Future efforts should determine if patients with severe OSA need to be screened for BE due to its potential for causing esophageal cancer.

IntroductionOutcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with pre-existing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remain understudied, and it is unknown if IPF is an independent predictor of worse disease course. Herein, we report the clinical outcomes in a large cohort of 251 patients with COVID-19 in the setting of known IPF. Outcomes were compared with a propensity matched cohort of patients with COVID-19 without IPF.MethodsAnalysis of a federated multicentre research network TriNetX was performed including patients more than 16 years of age diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes in patients diagnosed as positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection with concurrent IPF were compared with a propensity matched cohort of patients without IPF.ResultsA total of 311 060 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection on the research network were identified, 251 patients (0.08%) carried a diagnosis of IPF. Mean age of patients with IPF was 68.30±12.20 years, with male predominance (n=143, 56.97%). Comorbidities including chronic lower respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease were more common in patients with IPF when compared with the non-IPF cohort. After propensity matching, higher rates of composite primary outcome (death or mechanical ventilation) at 30 and 60 days, as well as need for hospitalisation, critical care, and acute kidney injury were observed in the IPF cohort.ConclusionPoor outcomes of COVID-19 disease were observed in patients with IPF after robust matching of confounders. Our data confirm that patients with IPF constitute a high-risk cohort for poor outcomes related to COVID-19 disease.

Background Analyses of COVID-19 infection outcomes in patients with preexisting pulmonary sarcoidosis are lacking and are limited to case reports or small case series with the largest study reporting outcomes of 37 patients. Research question Retrospective cohort study to assess clinical outcomes of 945 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, presenting with COVID 19, compared to a propensity matched cohort of patients without sarcoidosis. Study design and methods Analysis of a multi-center research network TriNETX was performed including patients more than 16 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19. Outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients with concurrent pulmonary sarcoidosis were compared with a propensity score matched cohort of patients without pulmonary sarcoidosis. Results A total of 278,271 patients with COVID-19 on the research network were identified, 954 patients (0.34 %) carried a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Mean age of patients with sarcoidosis was 56.3 ± 13.2 years, with female predominance (n = 619, 64.89 %). 49.69 % of the participants were African American (n = 474). Co-morbidities including hypertension, chronic lower respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, nicotine dependence, and chronic kidney disease were more common in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis when compared to the non-pulmonary sarcoidosis cohort (all p values

The presentation of congenital intestinal stenosis in neonates can vary from mild intermittent feeding intolerance resulting in difficulty of clinical judgment to profound obstruction. This report describes one case of ileal stenosis whose radiological investigations were not favoring intestinal obstruction and was diagnosed after surgical exploration.

Rationale. Previous data suggest that warfarin may worsen outcomes in IPF in patients with no indication for anticoagulation when compared to placebo. However, warfarin continues to be widely used for cardiac and thromboembolic indications in this patient population due to unavailability of data comparing warfarin with other anticoagulants in patients with IPF. Objectives. We studied the safety and efficacy of warfarin compared to direct acting oral anticoagulant use in patients with IPF. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients with IPF who were prescribed warfarin or direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for cardiac or thromboembolic indications and followed at our institute for their care. Univariate tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used for assessing association of variables with outcomes. Results. A total of 73 patients were included in the study with 28 and 45 patients in the warfarin and DOAC groups, respectively. Univariable analysis revealed a significant difference in mortality in one year between warfarin and DOAC groups (7/28 vs. 3/45, p value 0.027). Significantly more patients in the warfarin group suffered an exacerbation that required hospitalization within one year (9/28 vs. 5/45, p value 0.026). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that anticoagulation with warfarin was independently associated with mortality at one-year follow-up (OR: 77.4, 95% CI: 5.94–409.3, p value: 0.007). Conclusion. In our study of patients with IPF requiring anticoagulants, we noted statistically significant higher mortality with warfarin anticoagulation when compared to DOAC use. Further larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Background One of the most feared complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), with an incidence of 3.5 to 15%, is post ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Given the role of statins in the reduction of systemic and pancreatic intraluminal inflammation, we hypothesized that the use of statins may lower the risk of PEP. Methods A retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing ERCP at West Virginia University during the years 2016 and 2017 was performed. Possible association of collected variables with PEP was assessed with Univariate tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 1162 ERCPs were included. Mean age was 60.12 years (SD: 17.5). 51.3% of the participants were female. Two hundred and sixty-three participants underwent more than one ERCP during the study period. Seven hundred and ninety-nine ERCPs (78.8%) were conducted in participants who were not taking a statin medication at the time of ERCP, while 363 participants were on statin medications at the time of ERCP; 118 and 245 participants were taking high dose statins (atorvastatin 40–80 mg or rosuvastatin 20 mg), and low/medium dose statins (all other statin regimens) at the time of the procedure, respectively. The overall incidence of PEP in the cohort was 7.3%. In the non-statin and statin groups, 9.5 and 3.4% of participants developed PEP, respectively. On univariate analysis, young age, no statin use, history of PEP, and endoscopic sphincterotomy were found to be significantly associated with the development of PEP. In a binary logistic regression model, young age (P = 0.033), history of PEP (P = 0.0001, OR 2.41, 95% CI: 1.05–5.51) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (P = 0.038, OR 2.85, 95% CI: 1.7–4.78) were found to be associated with increased risk of PEP. Statin usage was found to be protective against PEP, (OR 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18–0.69). Conclusion Chronic statin usage is protective against post ERCP pancreatitis, and our findings suggest a potential role of these drugs as prophylactic agents. Randomized controlled trials are needed to establish any potential clinical application.

Ischemic colitis and proctitis is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and results from mesenteric vasculitis. Owing to diverse blood supply and presence of multiple collaterals, rectum is the least effected site in SLE enteritis. Ischemic proctocolitis as the presenting feature of SLE is exceedingly rare, with only three cases reported in the published scientific literature. We present the first case of SLE presenting as ischemic proctitis, leading to intraperitoneal hemorrhage and abdominal compartment syndrome. A young lady presented with ischemic proctitis and a hematoma masquerading as a pelvic mass, with subsequent development of massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage, shock, and rectal perforation. The patient required urgent surgery and was initiated on high-dose steroids.

Background In this study, we report clinical outcomes in COVID-19 infection in a large cohort of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) and compare these outcomes to a propensity score matched cohort of people without CF. Methods Analysis of a multicenter research network TriNETX was performed including patients more than 16 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19. Outcomes in COVID-19 positive pwCF were compared with a propensity-matched cohort of people without CF. Results A total of 507,810 patients with COVID-19 were included (422 patients, 0.08% with CF; 507,388 patients, 99.92% without CF. Mean age at COVID-19 diagnosis in CF cohort was 46.6 ± 19.3 years, with female predominance (n = 225, 53.32%). Majority of the participants were Caucasian (n = 309, 73.22%). In the crude, unmatched analysis, mortality, hospitalization, critical care need, mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury and composite (combination of intubation and mortality) outcome at 30 days was higher in the pwCF. Following robust propensity matching, pwCF had higher hospitalization rate (RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.20–2.04), critical care need (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.13–2.79), and acute renal injury (RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.07–2.39) as compared to patients without CF. Conclusion People with CF are at risk of poor outcomes with COVID-19.5.2% of these patients died within one month of COVID-19 diagnosis, and more than one in 10 patients required critical care. Therefore, the relatively young median age of cystic fibrosis patients, and lower prevalence of obesity do not protect these patients from severe disease contrary to prior reports.

We present a case of 30-year-old female with past medical history of Type 2 DM, Thyroid nodule and asymptomatic cholelithiasis who presented to ED with abdominal pain, vomiting and sinus tachycardia of 120’s for past one day. She had generalized abdominal pain, not relieved by pain killers. Her lab test includes normal blood count, glucose 150mg/dl, anion gap of 20, metabolic acidosis. Her ultrasound abdomen showed cholelithiasis with no biliary sludge formation. Given her acidosis and severe abdominal pain she was started on Zosyn and underwent cholecystectomy. Her abdominal pain and sinus tachycardia did not resolve till day 3 of admission. Urine was positive for ketones. On chart review, it was found that she started taking sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2 inhibitor), Canagliflozin. She was given IV fluids and insulin. She improved and her tachycardia resolved. Euglycemic acidosis is a rare phenomenon but frequently misdiagnosed. This case emphasizes on importance of side effects of oral glucose lowering agents. SGLT-2 inhibitors can cause lipolysis and ketosis while maintaining euglycemia. Prompt clinical judgement is needed to prevent misdiagnosis. Also, patients should be educated about aggravating factors like stress, dehydration or other severe illnesses.

The presentation of neonatal influenza B in neonates can vary from a mild self-limited disease to acute presentation carrying high morbidity and mortality. This report describes one case of influenza B in a neonate who presented with severe respiratory distress syndrome and acute renal failure.

Ulcerative colitis is an autoimmune disorder leading to chronic intestinal inflammation. It can present with a wide range of associated extra-intestinal manifestations. We present a case of an 18-year-old man diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and primary sclerosing cholangitis during the same hospitalization. The unique triad of these diseases gives important clues to the immunological factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but life-threatening medical and surgical emergency. It is characterized by necrosis of the soft tissue leaving the overlying tissue unaffected, which delays the diagnosis and treatment. Delay in recognition of the severity of necrotizing fasciitis might lead to serious morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of NF relies on strong clinical judgment, predictable by severe pain, erythema, and a presence of air under the skin, but all of them are not always present. Management of NF is prompt surgical intervention and antimicrobial therapy. The effectiveness depends on the timely diagnosis of NF because it rapidly spreads and may cause irreversible damage. Various investigations for necrotizing fasciitis have been proposed. However, misdiagnosis is not infrequent and more work is needed to identify the different presentations across the spectrum. We consider changing it to discuss the role of procalcitonin in the diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis.There is scarce literature about its clinical role in necrotizing fasciitis although it has evolved not only as a prognostic marker but also as a way of differentiating between cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis. It can also predict the future consequences of septic shock.

Arrhythmias have been one of the common complications in epilepsy patients and have also been the reason for death. However, limited data exist about the burden and outcomes of arrhythmias by subtypes in epilepsy. Our study aims at evaluating the burden and differences in outcomes of various subtypes of arrhythmias in epilepsy patient population. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2014 was examined for epilepsy and arrhythmias related discharges using appropriate International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. The frequency of arrhythmias, gender differences in arrhythmia by subtypes, in-hospital outcomes and mortality predictors was analyzed. A total of 1,424,320 weighted epilepsy patients was determined and included in this study. Around 23.9% (n =277,230) patients had cardiac arrhythmias. The most frequent arrhythmias in the descending frequency were: atrial fibrillation (AFib) 9.7%, other unspecified causes 7.3%, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) 1.4%, bundle branch block (BBB) 1.2%, ventricular tachycardia (VT) 1%. Males were more predisposed to cardiac arrhythmias compared to females (OR [odds ratio]: 1.1, p

The pineal gland is a small pinecone-shaped and functionally endocrine structure located in the epithalamus region. Developmentally, the pineal gland is considered as a part of the epithalamus. It plays a role in the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of an organism by producing melatonin, a functionally important hormone. Lesions of the pineal region are rare compared to other parts of the brain. A lesion may be tumorous or non-tumorous in nature. The most common lesions are tumors that are pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT) in origin. Gliomas are the second most common tumors in the pineal region. We report a case of a high-grade oligodendroglioma, not commonly seen in the pineal region, in a 45-year-old male. The patient was suspected to have a mass in the pineal region on a computed tomography (CT) scan and histology confirmed the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma. This is a unique case because only five such cases have been reported so far.

Valproate is the best choice drug for a variety of medical conditions. As with any other drug, it has adverse effects, and it is important to emphasize the possibility of those adverse effects to prevent complications. We present the case history of a 44-year-old male with valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy, despite having normal liver function tests. This case includes a detailed literature review of this rare adverse event. In the light of this case report, we illustrate the importance of checking ammonia levels in all psychiatric patients receiving valproate as a treatment who present with new onset neurological symptoms or altered mental status.

Background A serene death may be achieved through skilled and compassionate care, as well as by the dying person's own sense of having lived a righteous life. The purpose of this study is to acquire information about students’ knowledge and understanding of euthanasia. Materials and Methods Four hundred and fifty-six students from four classes of two institutions with similar demographic characteristics were included in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire adapted from a study of ‘Gruber, et al.’ was distributed among the respondents after obtaining a verbal informed consent. The questionnaire had two parts, first dealing with demographics of respondents, and in the second part students were given different situations and asked about their decision in that particular setting to understand their opinion about euthanasia. Results There were 31.7% medical students and 12.9% non-medical students in favor to provide complete medical information (p < 0.001) while 59.2% non-medical students thought that complete information should be given to a patient if any iatrogenic incident occurred. Same favored by 33.7% of medical students (p < 0.001). The majority of medical students (84.5%) felt that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) must always be provided (p < 0.001) and this was acceptable more among females (p = 0.001). Furthermore, medical students (57.6%) were more in favor of continuing maximum medical treatment including CPR than non-medical students (42.9%, p = 0.003). A total of 83% non-medical students and 46% medical students found euthanasia an acceptable practice. Conclusion Results show a significant difference in perception of medical and non-medical students regarding euthanasia. Non-medical students are more in favor of euthanasia than medical students. Also, it is observed that males seem to be more inclined towards euthanasia while females are more in favor to provide maximum medical treatment.