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SCS206 Potência é um cultivar de feijão comum, do grupo de sementes preta, desenvolvida pela Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (Epagri). Esta nova cultivar apresenta excelente produtividade de grãos, alta adaptabilidade e estabilidade associada à melhor sanidade de plantas, especialmente com resistência moderada à antracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum). As plantas possuem arquitetura semi-eretas com hábito de crescimento indeterminado, sendo adaptadas à colheita mecanizada.

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are the most important legume for human consumption, and have essential nutrients for physiological processes. As examples, we can mention Fe and Zn. As a strategy to increase these nutrients in the population's diet, beans stand out as a potential candidate, as it already has high levels of these minerals compared to other foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate 14 bean genotypes from the EPAGRI Bean Genetic Improvement Program, Brazil, regarding Fe and Zn content, availability of Fe and Zn in vitro, amount of phytic acid, tannins, proteins, and moisture. The results showed a high positive correlation between the total amount of Zn with bioavailable Zn; the total amount of Fe, and the total amount of Zn; and the total amount of bioavailable Fe with Zn. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences for all characteristics evaluated, showing an interesting variability that can be considered for future crosses aiming at nutritional quality.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the grain yield and stability of common bean genotypes, as well as the representativeness and discrimination ability of locations in multi-environment trials (METs), using the GGE biplot analysis. The grain yield of 27 genotypes was evaluated in 16 trials carried out in nine locations, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the first and second crop seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used. As the trials were neither conducted in all locations, nor in all growing seasons of both years, a highly unbalanced dataset was used. Genotype 5 (CHC 01-175-1) was the most productive and stable, common bean genotype and can be considered the closest one to the ideal for the target region. Furthermore, this genotype performs well in both crop seasons, outperforming all the evaluated checks; therefore, it has the potential to be released as a new cultivar. Chapecó can be considered the ideal location for the selection of common bean genotypes, in the state of Santa Catarina, since it shows high representativeness and discrimination ability in the rainy and dry crop seasons. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o rendimento de grãos e a estabilidade de genótipos de feijão, além da representatividade e da discriminância de locais em ensaios multiambientes, por meio de análises GGE biplot. O rendimento de grãos de 27 genótipos foi avaliado em 16 ensaios, realizados em nove locais do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, na primeira e na segunda safras de 2014/2015 e 2015/2016. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Como os testes não foram realizados em todos os locais nem em todas as estações de cultivo de ambos os anos, um conjunto de dados altamente desbalanceado foi usado. O genótipo 5 (CHC 01-175-1) foi o mais produtivo e estável, e pode ser considerado o mais próximo ao ideal para a região-alvo. Além disso, esse genótipo apresentou desempenho satisfatório tanto para a primeira quanto para a segunda safras, tendo superado o desempenho de todas as testemunhas utilizadas nos ensaios; portanto, esse genótipo tem potencial para ser lançado como uma nova cultivar. Chapecó pode ser considerado o local ideal de seleção de genótipos de feijão, no estado de Santa Catarina, pois apresenta elevada discriminância e representavidade, tanto para primeira quanto para a segunda safra.

The present work has aimed to assess the consideration of the appropriate variation sources of the statistical model and their impacts on the conclusions plant breeding. The Value for Cultivation and Use test was conducted to assess three common locations (Lages, Ponte Serrada, and Canoinhas) and four non-common locations (Chapecó, Guatambu, Urussanga, and Campos Novos). The grain yields of six bean genotypes were evaluated in order to represent the imbalance between the common and non-common locations. The statistical analysis considered two situations: i) union of the location factors and cultivation years, with a single variation source called environment and ii) decomposition of the mean square values of the two factors, location and year. According to the simplified analysis (environmental variation source), the F test for the genotype factor was highly significant (p = 0.0006). On the other hand, the hypothesis test for the genotype factor was not significant (p = 0.7370) when the decomposition of mean squares was used. The simplified analysis presents some erroneous points, such as the use of a mean residue to test the hypothesis of the genotype factor, since this factor is composed of several sources of variation, and there is no exact F test. However, approximate F tests can be obtained by constructing linear combinations of average squares. This fact notes the relevance of considering the appropriate sources of variation within the statistical model, with a direct impact on the conclusions and recommendations of cultivars with superior performance.

Cytogenetic data have provided important clues that the Astyanax fasciatus populations from the Upper Parana River basin could be a part of a more diverse fish group, usually included on the same taxa. Samples collected in Cachoeira de Emas, SP, in Mogi-Guacu River basin, show x two major cytotypes presenting 2n 1⁄4 46 and 2n 1⁄4 48 chromosomes, with distinct karyotypic formula, despite the fact that the molecular data suggested some degree of gene flow between these cytotypes. Cytogenetic and morphometric analyses were performed in this species, aiming to contribute to the understanding of the natural history from such fish group. Two allopatric populations with distinct standard cytotypes were analysed, and the data obtained suggest the separation into two groups.

The objective of this work was to characterize the performance of elite wheat genotypes from different Brazilian breeding programs for traits associated with grain yield and preharvest sprouting. The study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty-three wheat genotypes were evaluated for traits related to preharvest sprouting and grain yield. The estimate of genetic distance was used to predict potential combinations for selection of plants with high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. The combined analysis of sprouted grains and falling number shows that the TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino, and BRS Guamirim genotypes are tolerant to preharvest sprouting. Combinations of TBIO Alvorada and TBIO Mestre with Fundacep Cristalino show high potential for recovering superior genotypes for high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desempenho de genótipos elite de trigo de diferentes programas de melhoramento do Brasil, para caracteres associados à produtividade de grãos e à germinação na pré-colheita. O estudo foi conduzido em 2010 e 2011 no Município de Capão do Leão, RS, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foram avaliados 33 genótipos de trigo quanto aos caracteres relacionados à germinação em pré-colheita e ao rendimento de grãos. A estimativa da distância genética foi utilizada para predizer combinações potenciais na seleção de plantas com alta produtividade de grãos e tolerância à germinação na pré-colheita. A análise combinada de grãos germinados e número de queda mostra que os genótipos TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino e BRS Guamirim apresentam tolerância à germinação em pré-colheita. As combinações de TBIO Alvorada e TBIO Mestre com Fundacep Cristalino mostram alto potencial na recuperação de genótipos superiores para elevada produtividade de grãos e tolerância à germinação em pré-colheita.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar os efeitos diretos e indiretos fenotípicos das plantas de soja submetidas a diferentes concentrações de hormônios e densidades de cultivo. Este experimento foiconduzido em 2013/2014 na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Campus de Frederico Westphalen. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso organizado em esquema fatorial, sendo três densidades de cultivo,quatro concentrações de hormônios, dispostos em três repetições. As densidades utilizadas foram 110.000, 180.000 e 245.000 plantas ha-1. As concentrações de hormônios utilizadas correspondem a: (I) Ausência de aplicação, (II) 250 ml ha-1 de Stimulate® aplicado em V5, (III) 500 ml ha-1 de Stimulate® aplicado em R1, (IV) 750 ml ha-1 de Stimulate® aplicado em R5. A análise de variância revelou interação significativa entre densidades de cultivo x concentrações de hormônios para as variáveis RG, IPL, NLR, NRH, NRR, NR, CR,NL1, NL2, NL3 e MMG. Ausência de interação foi evidenciada para os caracteres AH e NLH. A utilização de hormônios na dose de 750 ml ha-1 aplicado no estádio R5 da soja contribuiu para o incremento dos caracteres NLH, NRR, NR, CR, NL1, NL2 quando utilizou-se a densidade de 110.000 plantas ha-1. O rendimento de grãos não foi influenciado pelas concentrações de hormônios, mas a densidade de cultivo de 245.000 plantas ha-1 evidenciou superioridade para este caráter. Efeitos diretos positivos ao rendimento de grãos foram revelados através dos caracteres NLH e MMG, e negativos por meio de NLR, NRH, NRR e NL3.

Ornamental fish culture is important as an economic activity and for biodiversity conservation as well. The species of the genus Trichogaster (Perciformes, Osphronemidae), popularly known as three-spot gourami, are among the several commercial species raised around the world. In the present work, eight specimens of Thrichogaster trichopterus from aquarium trade facilities were analyzed. The karyotype was composed of 23 pairs of subtelo/acrocentric chromosomes. Fluorescent in situ hybridization allowed identifying the 18S ribosomal gene at telomeric region on long arms of the largest acrocentric pair. On the other hand, the 5S rRNA gene is located at a proximal region on a pair of medium-sized chromosomes. Such information is extremely useful in face of the risks of introduction and the development of ornamental fish trade, once many fish species can be identified only by genetic studies.

Indirect selection can be considered an interesting strategy for plant breeding, especially when an easily measurable/high heritability trait is highly correlated with a target trait which has a lower heritability in segregating populations. The objective of this study was to obtain estimates of phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations and to evaluate the partition of genotypic correlations in direct and indirect effects of agronomic variables on the GY variable, through the analysis of two cultivated environments in fifteen wheat segregating populations. The agronomic traits grain yield per plant (GY), number of grains per ear (NGE), grain weight per ear (GWE), thousand grain weight (TGW), number of fertile tillers (NFT), days from emergence to flowering (DEF), days from flowering to maturity (DFM), total development cycle (CYC), and percentage of lodging (LODG), were evaluated in F4 populations under two cropping systems (with and without flooding). In all populations, by means of simple correlations, the selection of more productive plants can be accomplished by indirect selection for NGE, GWE and NFT. Through path analysis, it was possible to identify an indirect effect on GY by NGE. Also, the effect of GWE, NFT, CYC and DEF on the correlation between other characters (NGE x GY, GY x WTG, DFM x GY, GY x CYC and GY x LODG), emphasizing that the NGE, GWE, NFT, DEF and CYC are the main characters to consider for increasing grain yield in wheat.

O presente trabalho buscou demonstrar a dissimilaridade genética entre cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum, L.) em dois sistemas de cultivo, sequeiro e irrigado, propondo, a partir desta, as melhores hibridações. Quarenta cultivares de trigo foram testadas, 8 recomendadas para Minas Gerais e 32 para a região Sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados dados de quinze caracteres agronômicos obtidos em experimento conduzido em esquema de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Foram empregadas análises de agrupamento pelos métodos de Tocher e Ligação Média Entre Grupos utilizando a distância Euclidiana Média como medida de dissimilaridade. Os caracteres ACAM e RG apresentaram os maiores CV (%) e o caractere DEF apresentou as maiores estratificações entre as médias dos genótipos para ambos os cultivos. Os genótipos Guamirim e Frontana apresentaram as maiores dissimilaridades para o cultivo sequeiro e irrigado respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram a escolha de genótipos para serem estrategicamente utilizados em hibridações.&nbsp