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ABSTRACT This study was conducted to examine the effect of feeding genetically modified organisms (GMO) compared with non - GMO diet on performance of layers in terms of egg production, egg broken rate and egg quality in laying hen. One hundred and ninety-two Hy-line brown laying hens were used in the feeding for four weeks. All the birds were randomly assigned into two dietary treatments groups, each with eight replicates (12 hens/ replicate). Significant difference was not found in egg production in layers fed GMO feed in diet compared with the non - GMO treatment. Whereas in terms of egg quality, a significant increase was observed in yolk color and eggshell thickness of layers fed GMO diet compared with layers fed non-GMO diet at 1st week. Additionally, there was a significant increase in eggshell thickness of layers fed GMO diet compared with layers fed non - GMO diet at 2nd, and 4th week. Layers fed GMO diet showed higher egg yolk value compared to the non-GMO diet in 1st week. However, no significant differences were found in other profiles such as egg quality including egg weight, albumen height, haugh units, shell color, and shell strength from 1st to 4th week since layers fed GMO. In conclusion, layers fed GMO diet showed significant improvement in eggshell thickness and yolk color and no significant difference was found in egg production. Layers fed GMO diets may enhance the egg quality, and further research need to be done.

The use of chemical retarders and cooling generally increased both working and setting times of the five elastomeric impression materials tested. For some materials, however, cooling was found to be preferable because it offered an equivalent extension of working time with a smaller increase in the setting time. Retarders did not significantly alter permanent deformation, stiffness, and detail reproduction of the tested impression materials. The percent dimensional change test showed that retarders caused a statistically significant but very small increase in contraction. Except for one impression material, fluidity was increased by both the use of cooling and retarders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Professional assistants are among the learners whose ability in terms of professional ethics and commitment influences their future performance after graduation so that, as an excellent physician, they can combine patient care with confidence and desirable medical skills. Considering that no comprehensive assessment of the national guideline on regarding of establishment of medical residents to the professional ethics has been published, so far this study aimed to evaluate the activities of medical universities to conduct this program. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the activities of the major medical universities in region one, where had medical residents, during 2015-2018. Information on the formation of committees related to the evaluation of feedback, teaching the basics of professional ethics and how to respond to residents by asking managers of different levels of the university in the Medical Ethics Council, the Vice Chancellor for Education, medical School, department heads and departments Educational and medical centers with assistants. FINDINGS: Four universities of medical sciences (80% of the target population) with 4 faculties, 8 educational hospitals and 8 educational departments were evaluated. The implementation and activities of committees to investigate the professional ethics of assistants in the educational departments and hospitals of different universities has not been exactly in accordance with national guidelines. The hospital committee and the medical school committee have been established in accordance with the national guideline only at one university. None of the universities in the region had a fourth-level university committee. CONCLUSION: This study shows the establishment of a national program of commitment of medical assistants to the principles of professional ethics in the majority of macro medical universities in region one and the attention of different levels of universities, including senior administrators, faculties, educational centers and clinical departments in different dimensions of this program especially training for assistants to commitment to professional principles in these universities.

A field trial was conducted during the year 2009-10 to investigate the effect of trash mulch and various N levels on the cane yield and recovery of sugarcane variety Thatta-10. The treatments included: Control (No mulch, 225 kg N ha-1), trash mulch + 225 kg N ha-1, trash mulch + 250 kg N ha-1, trash mulch + 275 kg N ha-1 and trash mulch + 300 kg N ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a three replicated randomized complete block design in a plot size of 14m x 3m (42m²). The results revealed that regardless the N levels, the mulching showed positive and significant impact on cane yield and recovery of sugarcane variety Thatta-10. However, trash mulch + 250 kg N ha-1 treatment resulted economically superior performance over rest of the treatments with 64 percent germination, 246 cm cane length, 2.67 cm cane girth, 22.2 internodes cane-1, 117.67 tons ha-1 cane yield and 10.90 percent sugar recovery. It was concluded that systematically applied trash mulch showed positive impact on all the studied traits of sugarcane variety Thatta-10 including cane yield and recovery. Moreover, higher N levels of 300 and 275 kg ha-1 slightly increases cane length, but cane girth, internodes, cane yield and recovery decreased over 250 kg ha-1 N level. This indicates that for obtaining economically maximum crop performance for sugarcane variety Thatta-10, the sugarcane may be trash-mulched and N may be applied at the rate of 250 kg ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: To determine nutrient requirements by the carbon oxidation techniques, it is necessary to know the fraction of carbon dioxide produced during the oxidative process but not excreted. This fraction has not been described in critically ill children. By measuring the dilution of (13)C infused by metabolically produced carbon dioxide, the rates of carbon dioxide appearance can be estimated. Energy expenditure can be determined by bicarbonate dilution kinetics if the energy equivalents of carbon dioxide (food quotient) from the diet ingested are known. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a 6-h, primed, continuous tracer infusion of NaH(13)CO(3) in critically ill children fed parenterally or enterally or receiving only glucose and electrolytes, to determine bicarbonate fractional recovery, bicarbonate rates of appearance, and energy expenditure. DESIGN: Thirty-one critically ill children aged 1 mo-20 y who were admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary-care center were studied. Patients were stratified by age, BMI, and severity score (PRISM III). RESULTS: Fractional bicarbonate recovery was 0.69, 0.70, and 0.63, respectively, for the parenterally fed, enterally fed, and glucose-electrolytes groups, and it correlated with the severity of disease in the parenteral (P < 0.01) and glucose-electrolytes (P < 0.05) groups. Rates of appearance varied between 0.17 and 0.19 micromol . kg(-1) . h(-1) With these data and estimates of the energy equivalents of carbon dioxide (a surrogate for respiratory quotient), energy expenditure was determined. CONCLUSIONS: The 2001 World Health Organization and Schofield predictive equations overestimated and underestimated, respectively, energy requirements compared with those obtained by bicarbonate dilution kinetics. Bicarbonate kinetics allows accurate determination of energy needs in critically ill children. Copyright © 2008 American Society for Nutrition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Junie B Billones,1,2 Maria Constancia O Carrillo,1 Voltaire G Organo,1 Jamie Bernadette A Sy,1 Nina Abigail B Clavio,1 Stephani Joy Y Macalino,1 Inno A Emnacen,1 Alexandra P Lee,1 Paul Kenny L Ko,1 Gisela P Concepcion3 1OVPAA-EIDR Program, “Computer-Aided Discovery of Compounds for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in the Philippines”, Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; 3Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Abstract: Computer-aided drug discovery and development approaches such as virtual screening, molecular docking, and in silico drug property calculations have been utilized in this effort to discover new lead compounds against tuberculosis. The enzyme 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase (BioA) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), primarily involved in the lipid biosynthesis pathway, was chosen as the drug target due to the fact that humans are not capable of synthesizing biotin endogenously. The computational screening of 4.5 million compounds from the Enamine REAL database has ultimately yielded 45 high-scoring, high-affinity compounds with desirable in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties. Seventeen of the 45 compounds were subjected to bioactivity validation using the resazurin microtiter assay. Among the 4 actives, compound 7 ((Z)-N-(2-isopropoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-2-((3-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl)amino)acetimidic acid) displayed inhibitory activity up to 83% at 10 µg/mL concentration against the growth of the Mtb H37Ra strain. Keywords: CADDD, ADMET, TOPKAT, BioA inhibitor, structure-based pharmacophore, pharmacophore, molecular docking, resazurin microtiter assay