75,975 results on '"Swift, A"'
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2. A Path Forward: Critically Examining Practitioners' Role in Addressing Campus Racial Climate
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Briscoe, Kaleb L., Garcia, Crystal E., and Swift, Ashley L.
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- 2022
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3. TabMixer: Noninvasive Estimation of the Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure via Imaging and Tabular Data Mixing
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Grzeszczyk, Michal K., Korzeniowski, Przemysław, Alabed, Samer, Swift, Andrew J., Trzciński, Tomasz, and Sitek, Arkadiusz
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Right Heart Catheterization is a gold standard procedure for diagnosing Pulmonary Hypertension by measuring mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP). It is invasive, costly, time-consuming and carries risks. In this paper, for the first time, we explore the estimation of mPAP from videos of noninvasive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. To enhance the predictive capabilities of Deep Learning models used for this task, we introduce an additional modality in the form of demographic features and clinical measurements. Inspired by all-Multilayer Perceptron architectures, we present TabMixer, a novel module enabling the integration of imaging and tabular data through spatial, temporal and channel mixing. Specifically, we present the first approach that utilizes Multilayer Perceptrons to interchange tabular information with imaging features in vision models. We test TabMixer for mPAP estimation and show that it enhances the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks, 3D-MLP and Vision Transformers while being competitive with previous modules for imaging and tabular data. Our approach has the potential to improve clinical processes involving both modalities, particularly in noninvasive mPAP estimation, thus, significantly enhancing the quality of life for individuals affected by Pulmonary Hypertension. We provide a source code for using TabMixer at https://github.com/SanoScience/TabMixer., Comment: Accepted for the 27th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2024
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- 2024
4. An Integrated Deep-Cryogenic Temperature Sensor in CMOS Technology for Quantum Computing Applications
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Olivieri, Fabio, Noah, Grayson M., Swift, Thomas, Gonzalez-Zalba, M. Fernando, Morton, John J. L., and Gomez-Saiz, Alberto
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
On-chip thermometry at deep-cryogenic temperatures is vital in quantum computing applications to accurately quantify the effect of increased temperature on qubit performance and to implement real-time thermal management on quantum processors. In this work, we present a sub-1K temperature sensor in CMOS technology based on the temperature dependence of the critical current of a superconducting (SC) thin-film. The sensor is implemented in 22-nm fully depleted silicon on insulator (FDSOI) technology and comprises a 6-nA-resolution current-output digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with a SC thin-film as a gain element, and a voltage comparator. The circuit dissipates 1.5uW and is demonstrated operating at ambient temperatures as low as 15mK, providing a variable temperature resolution reaching sub-10mK., Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication
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- 2024
5. SN 2021foa: The 'Flip-Flop' Type IIn / Ibn supernova
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Farias, D., Gall, C., Narayan, G., Rest, S., Villar, V. A., Angus, C. R., Auchettl, K., Davis, K. W., Foley, R., Gagliano, A., Hjorth, J., Izzo, L., Kilpatrick, C. D., Perkins, H . M. L., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Ransome, C. L., Sarangi, A., Yarza, R., Coulter, D. A., Jones, D. O., Khetan, N., Rest, A., Siebert, M. R., Swift, J. J., Taggart, K., Tinyanont, S., Wrubel, P., de Boer, T. J. L., Clever, K. E., Dhara, A., Gao, H., and Lin, C. -C.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN~2021foa, unique among the class of transitional supernovae for repeatedly changing its spectroscopic appearance from hydrogen-to-helium-to-hydrogen-dominated (IIn-to-Ibn-to-IIn) within 50 days past peak brightness. The spectra exhibit multiple narrow ($\approx$ 300--600~km~s$^{-1}$) absorption lines of hydrogen, helium, calcium and iron together with broad helium emission lines with a full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of $\sim 6000$~km~s$^{-1}$. For a steady, wind-mass loss regime, light curve modeling results in an ejecta mass of $\sim 8$ M$_{\odot}$ and CSM mass below 1 M$_{\odot}$, and an ejecta velocity consistent with the FWHM of the broad helium lines. We obtain a mass-loss rate of $\approx 2$ M$_{\odot} {\rm yr}^{-1}$. This mass-loss rate is three orders of magnitude larger than derived for normal Type II SNe. We estimate that the bulk of the CSM of SN~2021foa must have been expelled within half a year, about 15 years ago. Our analysis suggests that SN~2021foa had a helium rich ejecta which swept up a dense shell of hydrogen rich CSM shortly after explosion. At about 60 days past peak brightness, the photosphere recedes through the dense ejecta-CSM region, occulting much of the red-shifted emission of the hydrogen and helium lines, which results in observed blue-shift ($\sim -3000$~km~s$^{-1}$). Strong mass loss activity prior to explosion, such as those seen in SN~2009ip-like objects and SN~2021foa as precursor emission, are the likely origin of a complex, multiple-shell CSM close to the progenitor star., Comment: Revised. Accepted in ApJ
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- 2024
6. Sustaining Professionalism: Teachers as Co-Enquirers in Curriculum Design
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Diane Swift, Gemma Clowes, Sarah Gilbert, and Alex Lambert
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In England, the development of teachers' curriculum design capabilities has been identified as a 'challenge remaining' (Department for Education [DfE]. (2022). "Opportunity for all: Strong schools with great teachers for your child." https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/opportunity-for-all-strong-schools-with-great-teachers-for-your-child). A recent White Paper (Department for Education [DfE]. (2022). "Opportunity for all: Strong schools with great teachers for your child." https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/opportunity-for-all-strong-schools-with-great-teachers-for-your-child) offered access to a publicly funded online platform as a solution. Drawing on Stenhouse's concepts of teachers as researchers and curriculum as an inquiry process, this article argues that such a policy initiative restricts both curriculum and professional development. An alternative approach to curriculum design, one based on Stenhouse's conception of the iterative development of teachers' professional and curriculum knowledge is profiled. In this article, we, as four teacher-researchers, analyse a project which featured the Curriculum Design Coherence (CDC) model. We share insights gained from our involvement, both in relation to our professional learning and the impact of our curriculum design work on our pupils. We argue that the 'othering' of teachers in research contributes towards the under valuing of practice-informed evidence in policy making. We draw on the work of Lawrence Stenhouse to inform a different means of generating educational research evidence, one that sustains teacher-researchers through engagement with principles and concepts so as to inform policy and curriculum development.
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- 2024
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7. Scholarly Communication Work: On the Ground Perspectives
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Swift, Allegra K and Johnson, Annie K
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Higher education-Libraries ,Scholarly Communication worker ,Experience - Abstract
This survey investigates the experiences of scholarly communication workers in North America, with a total of 282 responses. Previous studies on scholarly communication work in academic libraries have tended to focus on organizational structure and necessary competencies. This study aims to put the focus back on workers’ own experiences on the job, to better understand the contributing factors to burnout and attrition that can arise for those in these positions. Five main areas are investigated: newness of the position, scope of the work, support and resources, feelings of one’s expertise being unvalued or dismissed, and the impact of administration. The study concludes with recommendations for library administrators on how to fortify a more sustainable environment for scholarly communication workers.
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- 2024
8. Catalyst-Free, Three-Component Synthesis of Amidinomaleimides
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Swift-Ramirez, Wyatt R, Whalen, Lindsay A, Thompson, Lia K, Shoemaker, Kaylee E, Rubio, Aris V, and Weiss, Gregory A
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Organic Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Generic health relevance ,Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry ,Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry ,Organic chemistry - Abstract
Maleimide and amidine functionalities often appear in medicinal and natural product targets. We describe a catalyst-free, three-component coupling reaction for the synthesis of amidinomaleimides. This one-pot reaction fuses a broad range of secondary amines and aldehydes with azidomaleimides. The conditions are mild, simple, modular, high yielding, and amenable to aqueous solvents. Most reaction products can be sufficiently purified without column chromatography. The synthesis creates complex, multifunctional molecules with four different molecules, including a tripeptide, arrayed around an amidinomaleimide core.
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- 2024
9. The Relationship Between Maturation Size and Maximum Tree Size From Tropical to Boreal Climates
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Journé, Valentin, Bogdziewicz, Michał, Courbaud, Benoit, Kunstler, Georges, Qiu, Tong, Acuña, Marie‐Claire Aravena, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berveiller, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Curt, Thomas, Cutini, Andrea, Das, Adrian, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Farfan‐Rios, William, Fenner, Michael, Franklin, Jerry, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hanley, Mick E, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Holík, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan, LaMontagne, Jalene, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James, Macias, Diana, Mårell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot, Moran, Emily V, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan, Nagel, Thomas A, Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Norghauer, Julian, Oguro, Michio, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian, Pérez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Łukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Samonil, Pavel, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, Mitsue, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael, Stephenson, Nathan, Straub, Jacob, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy, Whitham, Thomas, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess, Żywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S
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Biological Sciences ,Ecology ,Trees ,Tropical Climate ,Climate Change ,Reproduction ,Forests ,allometry ,life history ,seed production ,size ,tree fecundity ,tree maturation ,Ecological Applications ,Evolutionary Biology ,Ecological applications ,Environmental management - Abstract
The fundamental trade-off between current and future reproduction has long been considered to result in a tendency for species that can grow large to begin reproduction at a larger size. Due to the prolonged time required to reach maturity, estimates of tree maturation size remain very rare and we lack a global view on the generality and the shape of this trade-off. Using seed production from five continents, we estimate tree maturation sizes for 486 tree species spanning tropical to boreal climates. Results show that a species' maturation size increases with maximum size, but in a non-proportional way: the largest species begin reproduction at smaller sizes than would be expected if maturation were simply proportional to maximum size. Furthermore, the decrease in relative maturation size is steepest in cold climates. These findings on maturation size drivers are key to accurately represent forests' responses to disturbance and climate change.
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- 2024
10. Older Men's Definitions of Frailty–The Manitoba Follow-up Study
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St. John, Philip D., McClement, Susan S., Swift, Audrey U., and Tate, Robert B.
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- 2019
11. Formation of uranium disulfide from a uranium thioamidate single-source precursor
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Kelly, Sheridon N, Russo, Dominic R, Ouellette, Erik T, Roy, Debashree, Swift, Andrew J, Boreen, Michael A, Smith, Patrick W, Moreau, Liane M, Arnold, John, and Minasian, Stefan G
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Chemical sciences - Abstract
A single-source-precursor approach was developed to synthesize uranium-based materials outside of the typically-studied oxides. This approach allows for shorter reaction times, milder reaction conditions, and control over the chemicals present in synthesis. To this end, the first homoleptic uranium thioamidate complex was synthesized as a precursor for US2 materials. Pyrolysis of the thioamidate results in decomposition via an alkene elimination pathway and formation of γ-US2, which has historically been hard to access without the need for a secondary sulfur source. Despite the oxophilicity of uranium, the method successfully forms US2 without the inclusion of oxygen in the bulk final product. These findings are supported by simultaneous thermal analysis, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and uranium L3-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. This work represents the first example of a single-source precursor approach to target and synthesize actinide materials other than the oxides.
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- 2024
12. Open Access Publishing: Community over Commercialization
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Swift, Allegra K
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Presentation for an invited panel at the New Chaucer Society Biennial Congress 2024.4E: ACCESS: A HYBRID CONVERSATION (Lightning Talks, hybrid)Thread: Viability: Access, Value, New Directions
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- 2024
13. An Actionable Guide to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in Scholarly Communication
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Swift, Allegra K, Taylor, Anneliese, Mitchell, Catherine, and Roh, Charlotte
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Libraries strive to increase diversity in the workforce and foster equity and inclusion through the resources and services we provide. Recognizing the inequities and biases that exist within the scholarly publishing ecosystem, the authors created a publicly accessible online resource on the University of California Office of Scholarly Communication website to guide stakeholders to actions they could take to create more equitable scholarly communication environments. The resulting site offers distinct sections for peer reviewers, editorial boards, authors, scholarly publishers, and libraries, each summarizing research into the equity challenges for that group and suggesting actionable steps for addressing these challenges. We hope that, by interacting with this resource, scholarly communication stakeholders will gain a better understanding of the landscape and know how to take action. This poster will present our model for raising awareness of the inequities in the scholarly publishing ecosystem and encouraging participants to take concrete steps to reduce barriers and inequities in scholarly publishing. We will describe how we first identified the need for such a resource, engaged stakeholders in a review of the initial draft, modified that draft in response to feedback, and are currently implementing our recommendations in our library-based publishing setting. We will explore some of the challenges we face in ensuring that the resource remains up-to-date and relevant over time. Suggestions will also be provided for linking to this resource on library and publisher web pages and for contacting the group with suggestions and feedback.Presented at the American Library Association 2024 Conference.
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- 2024
14. Cloud Storage Integrity at Scale: A Case for Dynamic Hash Trees
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Burke, Quinn, Sheatsley, Ryan, King, Rachel, Swift, Michael, and McDaniel, Patrick
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Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
Merkle hash trees are the state-of-the-art method to protect the integrity of storage systems. However, using a hash tree can severely degrade performance, and prior works optimizing them have yet to yield a concrete understanding of the scalability of certain designs in the context of large-scale cloud storage systems. In this paper, we take a first-principles approach to analyzing hash tree performance for storage by introducing a definition of an optimal hash tree and a principled methodology for evaluating hash tree designs. We show that state-of-the-art designs are not scalable; they incur up to 40.1X slowdowns over an insecure baseline and deliver <50% of optimal performance across various experiments. We then exploit the characteristics of optimal hash trees to design Dynamic Hash Trees (DHTs), hash trees that can adapt to workload patterns on-the-fly, delivering >95% of optimal read and write performance and up to 4.2X speedups over the state-of-the art. Our novel methodology and DHT design provides a new foundation in the search for integrity mechanisms that can operate efficiently at scale.
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- 2024
15. A Value-Oriented Investigation of Photoshop's Generative Fill
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Swift, Ian P. and Chattopadhyay, Debaleena
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Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction - Abstract
The creative industry is both concerned and enthusiastic about how generative AI will reshape creativity. How might these tools interact with the workflow values of creative artists? In this paper, we adopt a value-sensitive design framework to examine how generative AI, particularly Photoshop's Generative Fill (GF), helps or hinders creative professionals' values. We obtained 566 unique posts about GF from online forums for creative professionals who use Photoshop in their current work practices. We conducted reflexive thematic analysis focusing on usefulness, ease of use, and user values. Users found GF useful in doing touch-ups, expanding images, and generating composite images. GF helped users' values of productivity by making work efficient but created a value tension around creativity: it helped reduce barriers to creativity but hindered distinguishing 'human' from algorithmic art. Furthermore, GF hindered lived experiences shaping creativity and hindered the honed prideful skills of creative work.
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- 2024
16. The Gravity Collective: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Electromagnetic Search for the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW190425
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Coulter, D. A., Kilpatrick, C. D., Jones, D. O., Foley, R. J., Filippenko, A. V., Zheng, W., Swift, J. J., Rahman, G. S., Stacey, H. E., Piro, A. L., Rojas-Bravo, C., Vilchez, J. Anais, Muñoz-Elgueta, N., Arcavi, I., Dimitriadis, G., Siebert, M. R., Bloom, J. S., Bustamante-Rosell, M. J., Clever, K. E., Davis, K. W., Kutcka, J., Macias, P., McGill, P., Quiñonez, P. J., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Siellez, K., Tinyanont, S., Cenko, S. B., Drout, M. R., Hausen, R., Jacobson-Galán, W. V., Howell, D. Andrew, Kasen, D., McCully, C., Rest, A., Taggart, K., and Valenti, S.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
We present an ultraviolet-to-infrared search for the electromagnetic (EM) counterpart to GW190425, the second-ever binary neutron star (BNS) merger discovered by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration (LVK). GW190425 was more distant and had a larger localization area than GW170817, therefore we use a new tool teglon to redistribute the GW190425 localization probability in the context of galaxy catalogs within the final localization volume. We derive a 90th percentile area of 6,688 deg$^{2}$, a $\sim$1.5$\times$ improvement relative to the LIGO/Virgo map, and show how teglon provides an order of magnitude boost to the search efficiency of small ($\leq$1 deg$^{2}$) field-of-view instruments. We combine our data with all publicly reported imaging data, covering 9,078.59 deg$^2$ of unique area and 48.13% of the LIGO/Virgo-assigned localization probability, to calculate the most comprehensive kilonova, short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) afterglow, and model-independent constraints on the EM emission from a hypothetical counterpart to GW190425 to date under the assumption that no counterpart was found in these data. If the counterpart were similar to AT 2017gfo, there was a 28.4% chance that it would have been detected in the combined dataset. We are relatively insensitive to an on-axis sGRB, and rule out a generic transient with a similar peak luminosity and decline rate as AT 2017gfo to 30% confidence. Finally, across our new imaging and all publicly-reported data, we find 28 candidate optical counterparts that we cannot rule out as being associated with GW190425, finding that 4 such counterparts discovered within the localization volume and within 5 days of merger exhibit luminosities consistent with a kilonova., Comment: 41 pages, 11 figures, Submitted to ApJ
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- 2024
17. Interpretable Multimodal Learning for Cardiovascular Hemodynamics Assessment
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Tripathi, Prasun C, Tabakhi, Sina, Suvon, Mohammod N I, Schöb, Lawrence, Alabed, Samer, Swift, Andrew J, Zhou, Shuo, and Lu, Haiping
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure (PAWP) is an essential cardiovascular hemodynamics marker to detect heart failure. In clinical practice, Right Heart Catheterization is considered a gold standard for assessing cardiac hemodynamics while non-invasive methods are often needed to screen high-risk patients from a large population. In this paper, we propose a multimodal learning pipeline to predict PAWP marker. We utilize complementary information from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR) scans (short-axis and four-chamber) and Electronic Health Records (EHRs). We extract spatio-temporal features from CMR scans using tensor-based learning. We propose a graph attention network to select important EHR features for prediction, where we model subjects as graph nodes and feature relationships as graph edges using the attention mechanism. We design four feature fusion strategies: early, intermediate, late, and hybrid fusion. With a linear classifier and linear fusion strategies, our pipeline is interpretable. We validate our pipeline on a large dataset of $2,641$ subjects from our ASPIRE registry. The comparative study against state-of-the-art methods confirms the superiority of our pipeline. The decision curve analysis further validates that our pipeline can be applied to screen a large population. The code is available at https://github.com/prasunc/hemodynamics.
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- 2024
18. Multimodal Variational Autoencoder for Low-cost Cardiac Hemodynamics Instability Detection
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Suvon, Mohammod N. I., Tripathi, Prasun C., Fan, Wenrui, Zhou, Shuo, Liu, Xianyuan, Alabed, Samer, Osmani, Venet, Swift, Andrew J., Chen, Chen, and Lu, Haiping
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Recent advancements in non-invasive detection of cardiac hemodynamic instability (CHDI) primarily focus on applying machine learning techniques to a single data modality, e.g. cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Despite their potential, these approaches often fall short especially when the size of labeled patient data is limited, a common challenge in the medical domain. Furthermore, only a few studies have explored multimodal methods to study CHDI, which mostly rely on costly modalities such as cardiac MRI and echocardiogram. In response to these limitations, we propose a novel multimodal variational autoencoder ($\text{CardioVAE}_\text{X,G}$) to integrate low-cost chest X-ray (CXR) and electrocardiogram (ECG) modalities with pre-training on a large unlabeled dataset. Specifically, $\text{CardioVAE}_\text{X,G}$ introduces a novel tri-stream pre-training strategy to learn both shared and modality-specific features, thus enabling fine-tuning with both unimodal and multimodal datasets. We pre-train $\text{CardioVAE}_\text{X,G}$ on a large, unlabeled dataset of $50,982$ subjects from a subset of MIMIC database and then fine-tune the pre-trained model on a labeled dataset of $795$ subjects from the ASPIRE registry. Comprehensive evaluations against existing methods show that $\text{CardioVAE}_\text{X,G}$ offers promising performance (AUROC $=0.79$ and Accuracy $=0.77$), representing a significant step forward in non-invasive prediction of CHDI. Our model also excels in producing fine interpretations of predictions directly associated with clinical features, thereby supporting clinical decision-making.
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- 2024
19. MeDSLIP: Medical Dual-Stream Language-Image Pre-training for Fine-grained Alignment
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Fan, Wenrui, Suvon, Mohammod Naimul Islam, Zhou, Shuo, Liu, Xianyuan, Alabed, Samer, Osmani, Venet, Swift, Andrew, Chen, Chen, and Lu, Haiping
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models have shown significant advancements in the medical domain. Yet, most VLP models align raw reports to images at a very coarse level, without modeling fine-grained relationships between anatomical and pathological concepts outlined in reports and the corresponding semantic counterparts in images. To address this problem, we propose a Medical Dual-Stream Language-Image Pre-training (MeDSLIP) framework. Specifically, MeDSLIP establishes vision-language fine-grained alignments via disentangling visual and textual representations into anatomy-relevant and pathology-relevant streams. Moreover, a novel vision-language Prototypical Contr-astive Learning (ProtoCL) method is adopted in MeDSLIP to enhance the alignment within the anatomical and pathological streams. MeDSLIP further employs cross-stream Intra-image Contrastive Learning (ICL) to ensure the consistent coexistence of paired anatomical and pathological concepts within the same image. Such a cross-stream regularization encourages the model to exploit the synchrony between two streams for a more comprehensive representation learning. MeDSLIP is evaluated under zero-shot and supervised fine-tuning settings on three public datasets: NIH CXR14, RSNA Pneumonia, and SIIM-ACR Pneumothorax. Under these settings, MeDSLIP outperforms six leading CNN-based models on classification, grounding, and segmentation tasks.
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- 2024
20. White-eyed, red-handed: Novel observations of nest material kleptoparasitism by Bridled White-eye (Zosterops conspicillatus) on Tinian Island, Northern Mariana Islands
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Swift, Kaeli, Moore, Fletcher, and Gardner, Beth
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Animal behavior -- Behavior ,Ecology -- Behavior ,Biological sciences - Abstract
To reduce costs associated with nest building, some birds steal (kleptoparasitize) nest material. While this behavior is rarely reported in solitary nesting birds, it has been previously documented in 2 species of white-eyes, the Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicas) and the Indian White-eye (Z palpebrosus). During surveys for Tinian Monarchs (Monarcha takatsukasae) on Tinian Island in the Northern Mariana Islands, we documented nest material kleptoparasitism by the Bridled White-eye (Z conspicillatus). Through camera-trap footage and real-time observation, we observed Bridled White-eyes stealing material from 2 other forest bird species: the Micronesian Rufous Fantail (Rhipidura versicolor,; n = 1 observation) and Tinian Monarch (n = 7). We documented nest material piracy during multiple nesting phases including building, incubation, and post-fledge, and from abandoned and depredated nests. This behavior was previously undocumented in the Bridled White-eye, and nest material kleptoparasitism is not documented in any other forest birds in the Mariana Islands. Kleptoparasitism of nest material has been known to cause destruction or abandonment of the host's nest. Given the potential implications of nest material kleptoparasitism on host nesting behavior and success, and that the Bridled White-eye is estimated to be the most abundant forest bird on Tinian, our observations warrant inquiry into how this behavior could be affecting the broader ecology of forest birds in the Manana Islands. Received 13 July 2023. Accepted 17 June 2024. Key words: heterospecific, Mariana Islands, nest material kleptoparasite, nesting, songbird, theft. (Chamorro)--Guaha' paluma ni ma a'amot materiat guien otm na chonchon pat gi otru n finihu', ma kleptoparasitize i materiat (kleptoparasitize--betbu/kleptoparasitism--na'an: esti na palabra kumekeilelek-ria i chinile' yan i usun materiat ni esta mana'setbe gi otru na chonchon) para u ma na'libianu mama'chonchon ya para u na'ribaha lokkue' i tiempo para u ma e'materiat. Achokka' hassan esti na bida masusedi gi ayu na klasen paluma ni manmama'chonchon na maisa, malili'e' esti na aktibidat gi dos na espisis nosa', i nosa' Hapon (Zosterops japonicus), yan i nosa' India (Z palpebrosus). In dokumenta i kleptoparasitism gi nosa' (Z conspicillatus) annai m chechegue' inaligaon i chichirikan Tini'an (Monarcha takatsukasae) gi iya Tini'an gi i Sankattan na Islas Marianas. In li'e' i nosa' manmananakki materiat ginen i chenchon dos na espsis paluma: patitkulamenti i na'abak (Gu/Lu/Ti/Sa)/burike' ande'(Lu)/chichirika(Gu/ri/ Sa) (Micronesian Rufous Fantail/Rhipidura rufifons; n 1 kuentas m mali'e'), yan i chichirikan Tini'an (n = 6). In dokumenta I kleptoparasitism gi i tiempon manada' enteramente, achokka' mama'chonchon i paluma, kumuleleka i paluma, despues di ma dingu i chenchon i pechon, yan lokkue' gi eyu na chonchon ni esta maabandona. Ti dinekumenta esti na aktibidat gi i nosa' antes di in li'e', yan lokkue' ti madokumenta i kleptoparasitism gi otru na espesis paluman halomtano' guini gi i islas Marianas, Matungo' ha' na i kleptoparasitism siria' ha distrosa i chenchon ni ma chuchule' i materiat, pat o sino ha ma abandona i pal urna ni chenchon-niha. Debi di maestudiayi taimanu inafefekta i lina'la' paluman halomtano' ni kleptoparasitism guini gi i islas Marianas sa' siria' i kleptoparasitism ginen i nosa' (matataha na guiya i mas abundansia na paluman halomtano' guini giya Tini'an) u mas ha na'chatsaga' i tiempon mariada' asta i uttimo-tia. Palabra na manglo: i ga'ga' ni ma sasakki materiat chonchon, Islas Marianas, i tiempun manada', Nosa', manakki, paluman halumtanu', ti parehu na espisis., For most birds, nest construction is a prerequisite for breeding. Given that it is a time-consuming and potentially dangerous process, selective forces may favor behaviors that reduce costs associated with [...]
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
21. Shaping the future rural healthcare landscape: Perspectives of young healthcare professionals
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Couper, Ian, Lediga, Manoko Innocentia, Takalani, Ndivhuho Beauty, Floss, Mayara, Yeoh, Alexandra E, Ferrara, Alexandra, Wheatley, Amber, Feasby, Lara, de Oliveira Santana, Marcela A, Wanjala, Mercy N, Tukur, Mustapha A, Kotian, Sneha P, Rasic, Veronika, Shirindza, Vuthlarhi, Chater, Alan Bruce, and Koller, Theadora Swift
- Published
- 2024
22. Exaptation of ancestral cell-identity networks enables C4 photosynthesis
- Author
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Swift, Joseph, Luginbuehl, Leonie H., Hua, Lei, Schreier, Tina B., Donald, Ruth M., Stanley, Susan, Wang, Na, Lee, Travis A., Nery, Joseph R., Ecker, Joseph R., and Hibberd, Julian M.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. State adoption of paid sick leave and cardiovascular disease mortality among adults in the United States, 2008–2019
- Author
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Swift, Samuel L., O’Donnell, Lexi, Horn, Brady, Kezios, Katrina, Elfassy, Tali, Reagan, Julie, Zeki Al Hazzouri, Adina, and Collins, Tracie
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery: Postoperative Quality of Life in Ethiopian Women
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Pouch, Grace, Arja, Alemu, Brookins, Olivia, Jacks, Courtney, Gebregziabher, Mulugeta, Swift, Steven, and Ross, Nate
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Deep multi-metric training: the need of multi-metric curve evaluation to avoid weak learning
- Author
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Mamalakis, Michail, Banerjee, Abhirup, Ray, Surajit, Wilkie, Craig, Clayton, Richard H., Swift, Andrew J., Panoutsos, George, and Vorselaars, Bart
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of human pancreatic islets reveals genes responsive to glucose exposure over 24 h
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Grenko, Caleb M., Taylor, Henry J., Bonnycastle, Lori L., Xue, Dongxiang, Lee, Brian N., Weiss, Zoe, Yan, Tingfen, Swift, Amy J., Mansell, Erin C., Lee, Angela, Robertson, Catherine C., Narisu, Narisu, Erdos, Michael R., Chen, Shuibing, Collins, Francis S., and Taylor, D. Leland
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Estimation of population affinity using proximal femoral measurements based on computed tomographic images in the Japanese and western Australian populations
- Author
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Torimitsu, Suguru, Nakazawa, Akari, Flavel, Ambika, Swift, Lauren, Makino, Yohsuke, Iwase, Hirotaro, and Franklin, Daniel
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Exploring the ideas of young healthcare professionals from selected countries regarding rural proofing
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Couper, Ian, Lediga, Manoko Innocentia, Takalani, Ndivhuho Beauty, Floss, Mayara, Yeoh, Alexandra E, Ferrara, Alexandra, Wheatley, Amber, Feasby, Lara, de Oliveira Santana, Marcela A, Wanjala, Mercy N, Tukur, Mustapha A, Kotian, Sneha P, Rasic, Veronika, Shirindza, Vuthlarhi, Chater, Alan Bruce, and Koller, Theadora Swift
- Published
- 2023
29. Characterizing Physical Memory Fragmentation
- Author
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Mansi, Mark and Swift, Michael M.
- Subjects
Computer Science - Operating Systems ,Computer Science - Performance ,D.4.2 - Abstract
External fragmentation of physical memory occurs when adjacent differently sized regions of allocated physical memory are freed at different times, causing free memory to be physically discontiguous. It can significantly degrade system performance and efficiency, such as reducing the ability to use huge pages, a critical optimization on modern large-memory system. For decades system developers have sought to avoid and mitigate fragmentation, but few prior studies quantify and characterize it in production settings. Moreover, prior work often artificially fragments physical memory to create more realistic performance evaluations, but their fragmentation methodologies are ad hoc and unvalidated. Out of 13 papers, we found 11 different methodologies, some of which were subsequently found inadequate. The importance of addressing fragmentation necessitates a validated and principled methodology. Our work fills these gaps in knowledge and methodology. We conduct a study of memory fragmentation in production by observing 248 machines in the Computer Sciences Department at University of Wisconsin - Madison for a week. We identify six key memory usage patterns, and find that Linux's file cache and page reclamation systems are major contributors to fragmentation because they often obliviously break up contiguous memory. Finally, we create and\'uril, a tool to artificially fragment memory during experimental research evaluations. While and\'uril ultimately fails as a scientific tool, we discuss its design ideas, merits, and failings in hope that they may inspire future research., Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2024
30. Noninvasive Estimation of Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure Using MRI, Computer Models, and Machine Learning
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Grzeszczyk, Michal K., Satlawa, Tadeusz, Lungu, Angela, Swift, Andrew, Narracott, Andrew, Hose, Rod, Trzcinski, Tomasz, and Sitek, Arkadiusz
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Physics - Medical Physics - Abstract
Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a severe disease characterized by an elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The gold standard for PH diagnosis is measurement of mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) during an invasive Right Heart Catheterization. In this paper, we investigate noninvasive approach to PH detection utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computer Models and Machine Learning. We show using the ablation study, that physics-informed feature engineering based on models of blood circulation increases the performance of Gradient Boosting Decision Trees-based algorithms for classification of PH and regression of values of mPAP. We compare results of regression (with thresholding of estimated mPAP) and classification and demonstrate that metrics achieved in both experiments are comparable. The predicted mPAP values are more informative to the physicians than the probability of PH returned by classification models. They provide the intuitive explanation of the outcome of the machine learning model (clinicians are accustomed to the mPAP metric, contrary to the PH probability)., Comment: Accepted for ICCS 2022
- Published
- 2023
31. Improving citizen science through collaborative research partnerships between social scientists and environmental practitioners
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Toomey, Anne H., Palta, Monica, Taliaferrow, Robina, Swift, Tanasia, and Buchanan, Rob
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Optimizing ventilation in medium- and short-term mine planning
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Ayaburi, John, Swift, Aaron, Brickey, Andrea, Newman, Alexandra, and Bienstock, Daniel
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Multi-paradigm Logic Programming in the rgoAI System
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Swift, Theresa, Kifer, Michael, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Dodaro, Carmine, editor, Gupta, Gopal, editor, and Martinez, Maria Vanina, editor
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
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34. Increasing Equity in Education through Stage-Based Implementation of Universal Design for Learning in a Multi-Tiered System of Support: How Can Educators Make Sense of All the System Design Frameworks They Encounter in the Field?
- Author
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Great Lakes Equity Center, Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST), National Implementation Research Network (NIRN), SWIFT Education Center, Courchaine, Tara, Jones, Lindsay E., McCart, Amy, Skelton, Seena M., Ward, Caryn S., and Woods, Kari
- Abstract
This brief explains how four important system design initiatives frequently promoted by state and local education agencies for school improvement can be implemented through an intentional systematic approach for a powerful, positive impact on student outcomes. As technical assistance providers with expertise in four specific frameworks for educational system design, and with great appreciation for one another, the contributors suggest how a coordinated Stage-based Implementation process with embedded, systems level critical Equity Inquiries at every stage can enable schools to establish Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles and guidelines within a Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS) for a designed experience in instructional decision making.
- Published
- 2023
35. Predictors of syrinx presentation and outcomes in pediatric Chiari malformation type I: a single institution experience of 218 consecutive syrinx patients
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Montgomery, Eric Y., Caruso, James P., Price, Angela V., Whittemore, Brett A., Weprin, Bradley E., Swift, Dale M., and Braga, Bruno P.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Real-World Treatment Patterns Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Initiating Treatment with Oral Semaglutide
- Author
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Swift, Caroline, Frazer, Monica S., Gronroos, Noelle N., Sargent, Andrew, Leszko, Michael, Buysman, Erin, Alvarez, Sara, Dunn, Tyler J., Noone, Josh, and Guevarra, Mico
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Population affinity estimation using pelvic measurements based on computed tomographic data acquired from Japanese and Western Australian populations
- Author
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Torimitsu, Suguru, Nakazawa, Akari, Flavel, Ambika, Swift, Lauren, Makino, Yohsuke, Iwase, Hirotaro, and Franklin, Daniel
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Diets high in subsidized foods and chronic kidney disease in Hispanic communities in the United States: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
- Author
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Swift, Samuel, Zhu, Yiliang, Elfassy, Tali, Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Schneiderman, Neil, Unruh, Mark, Perreira, Krista, Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin, Daviglus, Martha, Lash, James, Cai, Jainwen, McClain, Amanda, and Myaskovsky, Larissa
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Real-world HbA1c changes and prescription characteristics among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients initiating treatment with once weekly semaglutide for diabetes
- Author
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Frazer, Monica, Swift, Caroline, Sargent, Andrew, Leszko, Michael, Buysman, Erin, Gronroos, Noelle N., Alvarez, Sara, Dunn, Tyler J., Noone, Josh, and Gamble, Cory L.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistants
- Author
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Mialon, Grégoire, Fourrier, Clémentine, Swift, Craig, Wolf, Thomas, LeCun, Yann, and Scialom, Thomas
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
We introduce GAIA, a benchmark for General AI Assistants that, if solved, would represent a milestone in AI research. GAIA proposes real-world questions that require a set of fundamental abilities such as reasoning, multi-modality handling, web browsing, and generally tool-use proficiency. GAIA questions are conceptually simple for humans yet challenging for most advanced AIs: we show that human respondents obtain 92\% vs. 15\% for GPT-4 equipped with plugins. This notable performance disparity contrasts with the recent trend of LLMs outperforming humans on tasks requiring professional skills in e.g. law or chemistry. GAIA's philosophy departs from the current trend in AI benchmarks suggesting to target tasks that are ever more difficult for humans. We posit that the advent of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) hinges on a system's capability to exhibit similar robustness as the average human does on such questions. Using GAIA's methodology, we devise 466 questions and their answer. We release our questions while retaining answers to 300 of them to power a leader-board available at https://huggingface.co/gaia-benchmark.
- Published
- 2023
41. Testing Language Model Agents Safely in the Wild
- Author
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Naihin, Silen, Atkinson, David, Green, Marc, Hamadi, Merwane, Swift, Craig, Schonholtz, Douglas, Kalai, Adam Tauman, and Bau, David
- Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
A prerequisite for safe autonomy-in-the-wild is safe testing-in-the-wild. Yet real-world autonomous tests face several unique safety challenges, both due to the possibility of causing harm during a test, as well as the risk of encountering new unsafe agent behavior through interactions with real-world and potentially malicious actors. We propose a framework for conducting safe autonomous agent tests on the open internet: agent actions are audited by a context-sensitive monitor that enforces a stringent safety boundary to stop an unsafe test, with suspect behavior ranked and logged to be examined by humans. We design a basic safety monitor (AgentMonitor) that is flexible enough to monitor existing LLM agents, and, using an adversarial simulated agent, we measure its ability to identify and stop unsafe situations. Then we apply the AgentMonitor on a battery of real-world tests of AutoGPT, and we identify several limitations and challenges that will face the creation of safe in-the-wild tests as autonomous agents grow more capable.
- Published
- 2023
42. SuperCAM CO(3-2) APEX survey at 6 pc resolution in the Small Magellanic Clouds
- Author
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Saldaño, H. P., Rubio, M., Bolatto, A. D., Sandstrom, K., Swift, B. J., Verdugo, C., Jameson, K., Walker, C. K., Kulesa, C., Spilker, J., Bergman, P., and Salazar, G. A.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present the CO(3-2) APEX survey at 6 pc resolution of the bar of the SMC. We aboard the CO analysis in the SMC-Bar comparing the CO(3-2) survey with that of the CO(2-1) of similar resolution. We study the CO(3-2)-to-CO(2-1) ratio (R32) that is very sensitive to the environment properties (e.g., star-forming regions). We analyzed the correlation of this ratio with observational quantities that trace the star formation as the local CO emission, the Spitzer color [70/160], and the total IR surface brightness measured from the Spitzer and Herschel bands. For the identification of the CO(3-2) clouds, we used the CPROPS algorithm, which allowed us to measure the physical properties of the clouds. We analyzed the scaling relationships of such physical properties. We obtained an R32 of 0.65 as a median value for the SMC, with a standard deviation of 0.3. We found that R32 varies from region to region, depending on the star formation activity. In regions dominated by HII and photo-dissociated regions (e.g., N22, N66), R32 tends to be higher than the median values. Meanwhile, lower values were found toward quiescent clouds. We also found that R32 correlates positively with the IR color [70/160] and the total IR surface brightness. This finding indicates that R32 increases with environmental properties like the dust temperature, the total gas density, and the radiation field. We have identified 225 molecular clouds with sizes R > 1.5 pc and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio > 3 and only 17 well-resolved CO(3-2) clouds increasing the S/N ratio to > 5. These 17 clouds follow consistent scaling relationships to the inner Milky Way clouds but with some departure. The CO(3-2) tends to be less turbulent and less luminous than the inner Milky Way clouds of similar size. Finally, we estimated a median virial-based CO-to-H2 conversion factor of 12.6_{-7}^{+10} Msun/(K km s^{-1} pc^{2}) for the total sample.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Double-Rashba materials for nanocrystals with bright ground-state excitons
- Author
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Swift, Michael W., Sercel, Peter C., Efros, Alexander L., Lyons, John L., and Norris, David J.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
While nanoscale semiconductor crystallites provide versatile fluorescent materials for light-emitting devices, such nanocrystals suffer from the "dark exciton"$\unicode{x2014}$an optically inactive electronic state into which the nanocrystal relaxes before emitting. Recently, a theoretical mechanism was discovered that can potentially defeat the dark exciton. The Rashba effect can invert the order of the lowest-lying levels, creating a bright excitonic ground state. To identify materials that exhibit this behavior, here we perform an extensive high-throughput computational search of two large open-source materials databases. Based on a detailed understanding of the Rashba mechanism, we define proxy criteria and screen over 500,000 solids, generating 173 potential "bright-exciton" materials. We then refine this list with higher-level first-principles calculations to obtain 28 candidates. To confirm the potential of these compounds, we select five and develop detailed effective-mass models to determine the nature of their lowest-energy excitonic state. We find that four of the five solids (BiTeCl, BiTeI, Ga$_2$Te$_3$, and KIO$_3$) can yield bright ground-state excitons. Our approach thus reveals promising materials for future experimental investigation of bright-exciton nanocrystals., Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Kilometer-precise (UII) Umbriel physical properties from the multichord stellar occultation on 2020 September 21
- Author
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Assafin, M., Santos-Filho, S., Morgado, B. E., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Sicardy, B., Margoti, G., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Braga-Ribas, F., Laidler, T., Camargo, J. I. B., Vieira-Martins, R., Swift, T., Dunham, D., George, T., Bardecker, J., Anderson, C., Nolthenius, R., Bender, K., Viscome, G., Oesper, D., Dunford, R., Getrost, K., Kitting, C., Green, K., Bria, R., Olsen, A., Scheck, A., Billard, B., Wasiuta, M. E., Tatum, R., Maley, P., di Cicco, D., Gamble, D., Ceravolo, P., Ceravolo, D., Hanna, W., Smith, N., Carlson, N., Messner, S., Bean, J., Moore, J., and Venable, R.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
We report the results of the stellar occultation by (UII) Umbriel on September 21st, 2020. The shadow crossed the USA and Canada, and 19 positive chords were obtained. A limb parameter accounted for putative topographic features in the limb fittings. Ellipse fittings were not robust - only upper limits were derived for the true size/shape of a putative Umbriel ellipsoid. The adopted spherical solution gives radius = 582.4 +/- 0.8 km, smaller/close to 584.7 +/- 2.8 km from Voyager II. The apparent ellipse fit results in a true semi-major axis of 584.9 +/- 3.8 km, semi-minor axes of 582.3 +/- 0.6 km and true oblateness of 0.004 +/- 0.008 for a putative ellipsoid. The geometric albedo was pV = 0.26 +/- 0.01. The density was rho = 1.54 +/- 0.04 g cm-3. The surface gravity was 0.251 +/- 0.006 m s-2 and the escape velocity 0.541 +/- 0.006 km s-1 . Upper limits of 13 and 72 nbar (at 1 sigma and 3 sigma levels, respectively) were obtained for the surface pressure of a putative isothermal CO2 atmosphere at T = 70 K. A milliarcsecond precision position was derived: RA = 02h 30m 28.84556s +/- 0.1 mas, DE = 14o 19' 36.5836" +/- 0.2 mas. A large limb parameter of 4.2 km was obtained, in striking agreement with opposite southern hemisphere measurements by Voyager II in 1986. Occultation and Voyager results indicate that the same strong topography variation in the surface of Umbriel is present on both hemispheres.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches.
- Author
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Welsh, Joshua, Goberdhan, Deborah, ODriscoll, Lorraine, Buzas, Edit, Blenkiron, Cherie, Bussolati, Benedetta, Cai, Houjian, Di Vizio, Dolores, Driedonks, Tom, Erdbrügger, Uta, Falcon-Perez, Juan, Fu, Qing-Ling, Hill, Andrew, Lenassi, Metka, Lim, Sai, Mahoney, Mỹ, Mohanty, Sujata, Möller, Andreas, Nieuwland, Rienk, Ochiya, Takahiro, Sahoo, Susmita, Torrecilhas, Ana, Zheng, Lei, Zijlstra, Andries, Abuelreich, Sarah, Bagabas, Reem, Bergese, Paolo, Bridges, Esther, Brucale, Marco, Burger, Dylan, Carney, Randy, Cocucci, Emanuele, Colombo, Federico, Crescitelli, Rossella, Hanser, Edveena, Harris, Adrian, Haughey, Norman, Hendrix, An, Ivanov, Alexander, Jovanovic-Talisman, Tijana, Kruh-Garcia, Nicole, Kuulei-Lyn Faustino, Vroniqa, Kyburz, Diego, Lässer, Cecilia, Lennon, Kathleen, Lötvall, Jan, Maddox, Adam, Martens-Uzunova, Elena, Mizenko, Rachel, Newman, Lauren, Ridolfi, Andrea, Rohde, Eva, Rojalin, Tatu, Rowland, Andrew, Saftics, Andras, Sandau, Ursula, Saugstad, Julie, Shekari, Faezeh, Swift, Simon, Ter-Ovanesyan, Dmitry, Tosar, Juan, Useckaite, Zivile, Valle, Francesco, Varga, Zoltan, van der Pol, Edwin, van Herwijnen, Martijn, Wauben, Marca, Wehman, Ann, Williams, Sarah, Zendrini, Andrea, Zimmerman, Alan, Théry, Clotilde, and Witwer, Kenneth
- Subjects
MISEV ,ectosomes ,exosomes ,extracellular particles ,extracellular vesicles ,guidelines ,microparticles ,microvesicles ,minimal information requirements ,reproducibility ,rigor ,standardisation ,Extracellular Vesicles ,Exosomes ,Biological Transport ,Biomarkers ,Phenotype - Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles, which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly.
- Published
- 2024
46. MARJORIE SHULTZ
- Author
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Swift, Eleanor
- Subjects
University of California ,Berkeley ,150 Years of Women ,Law - Published
- 2024
47. Enhancing Human Health and Wellbeing through Sustainably and Equitably Unlocking a Healthy Oceans Potential.
- Author
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Fleming, Lora, Landrigan, Philip, Ashford, Oliver, Whitman, Ella, Swift, Amy, Gerwick, William, Heymans, Johanna, Hicks, Christina, Morrissey, Karyn, White, Mathew, Alcantara-Creencia, Lota, Alexander, Karen, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Berlinck, Roberto, Cohen, Philippa, Hixson, Richard, Islam, Mohammad, Iwasaki, Arihiro, Praptiwi, Radisti, Raps, Hervé, Remy, Jan, Sowman, Georgina, Ternon, Eva, Thiele, Torsten, Thilsted, Shakuntala, Uku, Jacqueline, Ockenden, Stephanie, and Kumar, Pushpam
- Subjects
biodiversity ,biotechnology ,blue economy ,blue health ,environmental justice ,equity ,marine protected areas (MPAs) ,natural products ,seafood ,Humans ,Biodiversity ,Climate Change ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Health Care Sector ,Human Rights ,Oceans and Seas ,Social Justice ,Sustainable Development - Abstract
A healthy ocean is essential for human health, and yet the links between the ocean and human health are often overlooked. By providing new medicines, technologies, energy, foods, recreation, and inspiration, the ocean has the potential to enhance human health and wellbeing. However, climate change, pollution, biodiversity loss, and inequity threaten both ocean and human health. Sustainable realisation of the oceans health benefits will require overcoming these challenges through equitable partnerships, enforcement of laws and treaties, robust monitoring, and use of metrics that assess both the oceans natural capital and human wellbeing. Achieving this will require an explicit focus on human rights, equity, sustainability, and social justice. In addition to highlighting the potential unique role of the healthcare sector, we offer science-based recommendations to protect both ocean health and human health, and we highlight the unique potential of the healthcare sector tolead this effort.
- Published
- 2024
48. COVID-19 trends at the University of Tennessee: predictive insights from raw sewage SARS-CoV-2 detection and evaluation and PMMoV as an indicator for human waste.
- Author
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Li, Ye, Ash, Kurt, Alamilla, Isablla, Joyner, Dominique, Williams, Daniel, McKay, Peter, Green, Brianna, DeBlander, Sydney, North, Carman, Kara-Murdoch, Fadime, Swift, Cynthia, and Hazen, Terry
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,PMMoV ,RT-qPCR ,SARS-CoV-2 ,WBE ,raw wastewater ,sewage - Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become a valuable tool for monitoring the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 on university campuses. However, concerns about effectiveness of raw sewage as a COVID-19 early warning system still exist, and its not clear how useful normalization by simultaneous comparison of Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) is in addressing variations resulting from fecal discharge dilution. This study aims to contribute insights into these aspects by conducting an academic-year field trial at the student residences on the University of Tennessee, Knoxville campus, raw sewage. This was done to investigate the correlations between SARS-CoV-2 RNA load, both with and without PMMoV normalization, and various parameters, including active COVID-19 cases, self-isolations, and their combination among all student residents. Significant positive correlations between SARS-CoV-2 RNA load a week prior, during the monitoring week, and the subsequent week with active cases. Despite these correlations, normalization by PMMoV does not enhance these associations. These findings suggest the potential utility of SARS-CoV-2 RNA load as an early warning indicator and provide valuable insights into the application and limitations of WBE for COVID-19 surveillance specifically within the context of raw sewage on university campuses.
- Published
- 2024
49. 15. Stories and Things: A Chat with Two Professionals
- Author
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Kadir, Anthazia, primary and Swift, Shelley, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Eleanor Swift Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s."
- Author
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Swift, Eleanor
- Published
- 2023
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