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16,943 results on '"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences"'

1. Effects of Fermented Rye Bran Products on Helicobacter Pylori (HP) Infection and Metabolic Risk Factors (RyeClaim)

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, and Gengsheng He, Professor
Published: 2023

2. Drinking Water PFAS, Pregnancy Outcome and Maternal Morbidity

Author: The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS), The Swedish Research Council, Statistics Sweden, National Board of Health and Welfare, Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish Food Agency, and Agneta Åkesson, Professor
Published: 2023

3. Inflammatory Mediators Associated With Infection by Respiratory Syncytial Virus (IMAR)

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Robert Frithiof, Principal Investigator
Published: 2022

4. Treatment With Specific Carbohydrate Diet in Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

Author: Karolinska Institutet, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Lillemor Berntson, Associate professor
Published: 2021

5. Vegetarian Diet in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease (VERDI)

Author: Göteborg University and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Published: 2020

6. A Trial of Nature-based Post-stroke Fatigue Rehabilitation (NASTRU) (NASTRU)

Author: Lund University, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Epidemiology and Register Centre South
Published: 2020

7. Self-thinning of Scots pine across Europe changes with solar radiation, precipitation and temperature but does not show trends in time

Author: European Commission, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biber, Peter [0000-0002-9700-8708], Río, Miren del [0000-0001-7496-3713], Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo [0000-0003-0126-1651], Pretzsch, Hans [0000-0002-4958-1868], Toraño Caicoya, Astor, Biber, Peter, Río, Miren del, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Arcangeli, Catia, Matthews, Robert, Pretzsch, Hans, European Commission, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biber, Peter [0000-0002-9700-8708], Río, Miren del [0000-0001-7496-3713], Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo [0000-0003-0126-1651], Pretzsch, Hans [0000-0002-4958-1868], Toraño Caicoya, Astor, Biber, Peter, Río, Miren del, Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo, Arcangeli, Catia, Matthews, Robert, and Pretzsch, Hans
Abstract: The effects of site and climate on the self-thinning line, a key characteristic that defines forest dynamics, have been the subject of research for decades. However, contrasting results have generally been found. To adapt management practices for widely distributed species, especially considering the impact of climate change, it is crucial to understand the variables and their effects on the self-thinning line. We conducted a systematic analysis based on 77 trial plots from 62 long-term experiments across Europe, covering the distribution range of Scots pine. Our focus was on unthinned conditions since 1975. Using a linear mixed model, we examined the effects of each statistically significant variable, separating the influences on the slope and the intercept. Our observations revealed that parameters enhancing species tolerance, such as shortwave solar radiation, flatten the slope of the self-thinning line. Conversely, temperature and precipitation, which reduce self-tolerance and increase intraspecific competition, lead to an increase in the slope. Balancing the effects between these aspects results in a maximum negative slope at mid-latitudes. In terms of the intercept, we found compensating effects among the analyzed factors, indicating a monotonic increase with decreasing latitude and increasing radiation. Although there were no significant changes in the self-thinning line since the 1990 s, we observed an increase in mortality, suggesting an accelerated self-thinning process. Site and climatic differences across the distribution range of Scots pine influenced the self-thinning line, whereas no trends with time could be observed. Therefore, management strategies and models based on self-thinning need to be adapted to different latitudes. While climate changes have not yet impacted the trajectory significantly, a continuous rise in temperature, coupled with high precipitation, may accelerate self-thinning and result in increased biomass accumulation.
Published: 2024

8. Current and future drought vulnerability for three dominant boreal tree species

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Aldea, Jorge [0000-0003-2568-5192], Dahlgren, Jonas [0000-0003-3183-8626], Holmström, Emma [0000-0003-2025-1942], Löf, Magnus [0000-0002-9173-2156], Aldea, Jorge, Dahlgren, Jonas, Holmström, Emma, Löf, Magnus, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Aldea, Jorge [0000-0003-2568-5192], Dahlgren, Jonas [0000-0003-3183-8626], Holmström, Emma [0000-0003-2025-1942], Löf, Magnus [0000-0002-9173-2156], Aldea, Jorge, Dahlgren, Jonas, Holmström, Emma, and Löf, Magnus
Abstract: Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and severity of droughts, possibly causing sudden and elevated tree mortality. Better understanding and predictions of boreal forest responses to climate change are needed to efficiently adapt forest management. We used tree-ring width chronologies from the Swedish National Forest Inventory, sampled between 2010 and 2018, and a random forest machine-learning algorithm to identify the tree, stand, and site variables that determine drought damage risk, and to predict their future spatial-temporal evolution. The dataset consisted of 16,455 cores of Norway spruce, Scots pine, and birch trees from all over Sweden. The risk of drought damage was calculated as the probability of growth anomaly occurrence caused by past drought events during 1960-2010. We used the block cross-validation method to compute model predictions for drought damage risk under current climate and climate predicted for 2040-2070 under the RCP.2.6, RCP.4.5, and RCP.8.5 emission scenarios. We found local climatic variables to be the most important predictors, although stand competition also affects drought damage risk. Norway spruce is currently the most susceptible species to drought in southern Sweden. This species currently faces high vulnerability in 28% of the country and future increases in spring temperatures would greatly increase this area to almost half of the total area of Sweden. Warmer annual temperatures will also increase the current forested area where birch suffers from drought, especially in northern and central Sweden. In contrast, for Scots pine, drought damage coincided with cold winter and early-spring temperatures. Consequently, the current area with high drought damage risk would decrease in a future warmer climate for Scots pine. We suggest active selection of tree species, promoting the right species mixtures and thinning to reduce tree competition as promising strategies for adapting boreal forests to future droughts.
Published: 2024

9. Crop rotational diversity can mitigate climate-induced grain yield losses

Author: Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, Scottish Government, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Costa, Alessio [0000-0002-8647-4738], Bommarco, Riccardo [0000-0001-8888-0476], Smith, Monique E. [0000-0001-5913-3770], Bowles, Timothy [0000-0002-4840-3787], Gaudin, Amélie C.M. [0000-0003-4007-9991], Watson, Christine A. [0000-0002-3758-9483], Alarcòn, Remedios [0000-0003-0078-8363], Berti, Antonio [0000-0002-6377-2820], Blecharczyk, Andrzej [0000-0002-8688-3136], Calderon, Francisco J. [0000-0002-1122-1285], Culman, Steve [0000-0003-3985-257X], Deen, William [0000-0001-5966-6462], Drury, Craig F. [0000-0003-0986-0755], García y García, Axel [0000-0002-7263-530X], García-Díaz, Andrés [0000-0003-4270-0972], Hernández Plaza, María Eva [0000-0002-2378-2602], Jonczyk, Krzysztof [0000-0002-5262-8858], Jäck, Ortrud [0000-0002-9885-0008], Navarrete Martínez, Luis [0009-0007-0900-8745], Montemurro, Francesco [0000-0003-3209-0189], Morari, Francesco [0000-0001-9081-868X], Onofri, Andrea [0000-0002-6603-329X], Osborne, Shannon L. [0000-0003-3458-3251], Tenorio, J. L. [0000-0001-7596-6676], Sandström, Boël [0000-0003-1316-8569], Santín Montanyá, Inés [0000-0003-1978-6560], Sawinska, Zuzanna [0009-0008-3170-0145], Schmer, Marty R. [0000-0002-3721-6177], Stalenga, Jaroslaw [0000-0002-3486-0995], Strock, Jeffrey [0000-0001-5357-0638], Tei, Francesco [0000-0003-0857-9662], Topp, Cairistiona F.E. [0000-0002-7064-638X], Ventrella, Domenico [0000-0001-8761-028X], Walker, Robin L. [0000-0002-8008-4413], Vico, Giulia [0000-0002-7849-2653], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Costa, Alessio, Bommarco, Riccardo, Smith, Monique E., Bowles, Timothy, Gaudin, Amélie C.M., Watson, Christine A., Alarcòn, Remedios, Berti, Antonio, Blecharczyk, Andrzej, Calderon, Francisco J., Culman, Steve, Deen, William, Drury, Craig F., García y García, Axel, García-Díaz, Andrés, Hernández Plaza, María Eva, Jonczyk, Krzysztof, Jäck, Ortrud, Navarrete Martínez, Luis, Montemurro, Francesco, Morari, Francesco, Onofri, Andrea, Osborne, Shannon L., Tenorio, J. L., Sandström, Boël, Santín Montanyá, Inés, Sawinska, Zuzanna, Schmer, Marty R., Stalenga, Jaroslaw, Strock, Jeffrey, Tei, Francesco, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., Ventrella, Domenico, Walker, Robin L., Vico, Giulia, Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, Scottish Government, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Costa, Alessio [0000-0002-8647-4738], Bommarco, Riccardo [0000-0001-8888-0476], Smith, Monique E. [0000-0001-5913-3770], Bowles, Timothy [0000-0002-4840-3787], Gaudin, Amélie C.M. [0000-0003-4007-9991], Watson, Christine A. [0000-0002-3758-9483], Alarcòn, Remedios [0000-0003-0078-8363], Berti, Antonio [0000-0002-6377-2820], Blecharczyk, Andrzej [0000-0002-8688-3136], Calderon, Francisco J. [0000-0002-1122-1285], Culman, Steve [0000-0003-3985-257X], Deen, William [0000-0001-5966-6462], Drury, Craig F. [0000-0003-0986-0755], García y García, Axel [0000-0002-7263-530X], García-Díaz, Andrés [0000-0003-4270-0972], Hernández Plaza, María Eva [0000-0002-2378-2602], Jonczyk, Krzysztof [0000-0002-5262-8858], Jäck, Ortrud [0000-0002-9885-0008], Navarrete Martínez, Luis [0009-0007-0900-8745], Montemurro, Francesco [0000-0003-3209-0189], Morari, Francesco [0000-0001-9081-868X], Onofri, Andrea [0000-0002-6603-329X], Osborne, Shannon L. [0000-0003-3458-3251], Tenorio, J. L. [0000-0001-7596-6676], Sandström, Boël [0000-0003-1316-8569], Santín Montanyá, Inés [0000-0003-1978-6560], Sawinska, Zuzanna [0009-0008-3170-0145], Schmer, Marty R. [0000-0002-3721-6177], Stalenga, Jaroslaw [0000-0002-3486-0995], Strock, Jeffrey [0000-0001-5357-0638], Tei, Francesco [0000-0003-0857-9662], Topp, Cairistiona F.E. [0000-0002-7064-638X], Ventrella, Domenico [0000-0001-8761-028X], Walker, Robin L. [0000-0002-8008-4413], Vico, Giulia [0000-0002-7849-2653], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72], Costa, Alessio, Bommarco, Riccardo, Smith, Monique E., Bowles, Timothy, Gaudin, Amélie C.M., Watson, Christine A., Alarcòn, Remedios, Berti, Antonio, Blecharczyk, Andrzej, Calderon, Francisco J., Culman, Steve, Deen, William, Drury, Craig F., García y García, Axel, García-Díaz, Andrés, Hernández Plaza, María Eva, Jonczyk, Krzysztof, Jäck, Ortrud, Navarrete Martínez, Luis, Montemurro, Francesco, Morari, Francesco, Onofri, Andrea, Osborne, Shannon L., Tenorio, J. L., Sandström, Boël, Santín Montanyá, Inés, Sawinska, Zuzanna, Schmer, Marty R., Stalenga, Jaroslaw, Strock, Jeffrey, Tei, Francesco, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., Ventrella, Domenico, Walker, Robin L., and Vico, Giulia
Abstract: Diversified crop rotations have been suggested to reduce grain yield losses from the adverse climatic conditions increasingly common under climate change. Nevertheless, the potential for climate change adaptation of different crop rotational diversity (CRD) remains undetermined. We quantified how climatic conditions affect small grain and maize yields under different CRDs in 32 long-term (10-63 years) field experiments across Europe and North America. Species-diverse and functionally rich rotations more than compensated yield losses from anomalous warm conditions, long and warm dry spells, as well as from anomalous wet (for small grains) or dry (for maize) conditions. Adding a single functional group or crop species to monocultures counteracted yield losses from substantial changes in climatic conditions. The benefits of a further increase in CRD are comparable with those of improved climatic conditions. For instance, the maize yield benefits of adding three crop species to monocultures under detrimental climatic conditions exceeded the average yield of monocultures by up to 553 kg/ha under non-detrimental climatic conditions. Increased crop functional richness improved yields under high temperature, irrespective of precipitation. Conversely, yield benefits peaked at between two and four crop species in the rotation, depending on climatic conditions and crop, and declined at higher species diversity. Thus, crop species diversity could be adjusted to maximize yield benefits. Diversifying rotations with functionally distinct crops is an adaptation of cropping systems to global warming and changes in precipitation.
Published: 2024

10. Folate-Rich Foods Improve Folate Status (Folatefood)

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS), and Mohammed Hefni, Dr
Published: 2015

11. Interactome of Arabidopsis ATG5 Suggests Functions beyond Autophagy

Author: Swedish Research Council, Carl Tryggers Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Research Foundation - Flanders, Elander, Pernilla H., Holla, Sanjana, Sabljić, Igor, Gutierrez-Beltran, Emilio, Willems, Patrick, Bozhkov, Peter V., Minina, Elena A., Swedish Research Council, Carl Tryggers Foundation, Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Research Foundation - Flanders, Elander, Pernilla H., Holla, Sanjana, Sabljić, Igor, Gutierrez-Beltran, Emilio, Willems, Patrick, Bozhkov, Peter V., and Minina, Elena A.
Abstract: Autophagy is a catabolic pathway capable of degrading cellular components ranging from individual molecules to organelles. Autophagy helps cells cope with stress by removing superfluous or hazardous material. In a previous work, we demonstrated that transcriptional upregulation of two autophagy-related genes, ATG5 and ATG7, in Arabidopsis thaliana positively affected agronomically important traits: biomass, seed yield, tolerance to pathogens and oxidative stress. Although the occurrence of these traits correlated with enhanced autophagic activity, it is possible that autophagy-independent roles of ATG5 and ATG7 also contributed to the phenotypes. In this study, we employed affinity purification and LC-MS/MS to identify the interactome of wild-type ATG5 and its autophagy-inactive substitution mutant, ATG5K128R Here we present the first interactome of plant ATG5, encompassing not only known autophagy regulators but also stress-response factors, components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, proteins involved in endomembrane trafficking, and potential partners of the nuclear fraction of ATG5. Furthermore, we discovered post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and acetylation present on ATG5 complex components that are likely to play regulatory functions. These results strongly indicate that plant ATG5 complex proteins have roles beyond autophagy itself, opening avenues for further investigations on the complex roles of autophagy in plant growth and stress responses.
Published: 2023

12. Increasing crop rotational diversity can enhance cereal yields

Author: Department of Agriculture (US), Scottish Government, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Vico, Giulia [0000-0002-7849-2653], Costa, Alessio [0000-0002-8647-4738], Bowles, Timothy [0000-0002-4840-3787], Gaudin, Amélie C.M. [0000-0003-4007-9991], Hallin, Sara [0000-0002-9069-9024], Alarcón Víllora, M. Remedios [0000-0003-0078-8363], Berti, Antonio [0000-0002-6377-2820], Blecharczyk, Andrzej [0000-0002-8688-3136], Culman, Steve [0000-0003-3985-257X], Deen, William [0000-0001-5966-6462], Drury, Craig F. [0000-0003-0986-0755], García y García, Axel [0000-0002-7263-530X], García-Díaz, Andrés [0000-0003-4270-0972], Hernández Plaza, María Eva [0000-0002-2378-2602], Jonczyk, Krzysztof [0000-0002-5262-8858], Jäck, Ortrud [0000-0002-9885-0008], Lehman, R. Michael [0000-0002-3391-3178], Montemurro, Francesco [0000-0003-3209-0189], Morari, Francesco [0000-0001-9081-868X], Onofri, Andrea [0000-0002-6603-329X], Osborne, Shannon L. [0000-0003-3458-3251], Tenorio, J. L. [0000-0001-7596-6676], Sandström, Boël [0000-0003-1316-8569], Santín Montanyá, Inés [0000-0003-1978-6560], Sawinska, Zuzanna [0000-0002-7030-3221], Schmer, Marty R. [0000-0002-3721-6177], Stalenga, Jaroslaw [0000-0002-3486-0995], Strock, Jeffrey [0000-0001-5357-0638], Tei, Francesco [0000-0003-0857-9662], Topp, Cairistiona F.E. [0000-0002-7064-638X], Walker, Robin L. [0000-0002-8008-4413], Bommarco, Riccardo [0000-0001-8888-0476], Smith, Monique E., Vico, Giulia, Costa, Alessio, Bowles, Timothy, Gaudin, Amélie C.M., Hallin, Sara, Watson, Christine A., Alarcòn, Remedios, Berti, Antonio, Blecharczyk, Andrzej, Calderon, Francisco J., Culman, Steve, Deen, William, Drury, Craig F., García y García, Axel, García-Díaz, Andrés, Hernández Plaza, María Eva, Jonczyk, Krzysztof, Jäck, Ortrud, Lehman, R. Michael, Montemurro, Francesco, Morari, Francesco, Onofri, Andrea, Osborne, Shannon L., Tenorio, J. L., Sandström, Boël, Santín Montanyá, Inés, Sawinska, Zuzanna, Schmer, Marty R., Stalenga, Jaroslaw, Strock, Jeffrey, Tei, Francesco, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., Ventrella, Domenico, Walker, Robin L., Bommarco, Riccardo, Department of Agriculture (US), Scottish Government, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Vico, Giulia [0000-0002-7849-2653], Costa, Alessio [0000-0002-8647-4738], Bowles, Timothy [0000-0002-4840-3787], Gaudin, Amélie C.M. [0000-0003-4007-9991], Hallin, Sara [0000-0002-9069-9024], Alarcón Víllora, M. Remedios [0000-0003-0078-8363], Berti, Antonio [0000-0002-6377-2820], Blecharczyk, Andrzej [0000-0002-8688-3136], Culman, Steve [0000-0003-3985-257X], Deen, William [0000-0001-5966-6462], Drury, Craig F. [0000-0003-0986-0755], García y García, Axel [0000-0002-7263-530X], García-Díaz, Andrés [0000-0003-4270-0972], Hernández Plaza, María Eva [0000-0002-2378-2602], Jonczyk, Krzysztof [0000-0002-5262-8858], Jäck, Ortrud [0000-0002-9885-0008], Lehman, R. Michael [0000-0002-3391-3178], Montemurro, Francesco [0000-0003-3209-0189], Morari, Francesco [0000-0001-9081-868X], Onofri, Andrea [0000-0002-6603-329X], Osborne, Shannon L. [0000-0003-3458-3251], Tenorio, J. L. [0000-0001-7596-6676], Sandström, Boël [0000-0003-1316-8569], Santín Montanyá, Inés [0000-0003-1978-6560], Sawinska, Zuzanna [0000-0002-7030-3221], Schmer, Marty R. [0000-0002-3721-6177], Stalenga, Jaroslaw [0000-0002-3486-0995], Strock, Jeffrey [0000-0001-5357-0638], Tei, Francesco [0000-0003-0857-9662], Topp, Cairistiona F.E. [0000-0002-7064-638X], Walker, Robin L. [0000-0002-8008-4413], Bommarco, Riccardo [0000-0001-8888-0476], Smith, Monique E., Vico, Giulia, Costa, Alessio, Bowles, Timothy, Gaudin, Amélie C.M., Hallin, Sara, Watson, Christine A., Alarcòn, Remedios, Berti, Antonio, Blecharczyk, Andrzej, Calderon, Francisco J., Culman, Steve, Deen, William, Drury, Craig F., García y García, Axel, García-Díaz, Andrés, Hernández Plaza, María Eva, Jonczyk, Krzysztof, Jäck, Ortrud, Lehman, R. Michael, Montemurro, Francesco, Morari, Francesco, Onofri, Andrea, Osborne, Shannon L., Tenorio, J. L., Sandström, Boël, Santín Montanyá, Inés, Sawinska, Zuzanna, Schmer, Marty R., Stalenga, Jaroslaw, Strock, Jeffrey, Tei, Francesco, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., Ventrella, Domenico, Walker, Robin L., and Bommarco, Riccardo
Abstract: Diversifying agriculture by rotating a greater number of crop species in sequence is a promising practice to reduce negative impacts of crop production on the environment and maintain yields. However, it is unclear to what extent cereal yields change with crop rotation diversity and external nitrogen fertilization level over time, and which functional groups of crops provide the most yield benefit. Here, using grain yield data of small grain cereals and maize from 32 long-term (10–63 years) experiments across Europe and North America, we show that crop rotational diversity, measured as crop species diversity and functional richness, enhanced grain yields. This yield benefit increased over time. Only the yields of winter-sown small grain cereals showed a decline at the highest level of species diversity. Diversification was beneficial to all cereals with a low external nitrogen input, particularly maize, enabling a lower dependence on nitrogen fertilisers and ultimately reducing greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen pollution. The results suggest that increasing crop functional richness rather than species diversity can be a strategy for supporting grain yields across many environments.
Published: 2023

13. Current state of mixed forests available for wood supply in Finland and Sweden

Author: Natural Resources Institute Finland, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lee, Daesung [0000-0003-1586-9385], Holmström, Emma [0000-0003-2025-1942], Hynynen, J. [0000-0002-9132-8612], Nilsson, U. [0000-0002-7624-4031], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Westerlund, Bertil [0000-0002-1073-8434], Bianchi, Simone [0000-0001-9544-7400], Aldea, Jorge [0000-0003-2568-5192], Huuskonen, Saija [0000-0001-8630-3982], Lee, Daesung, Holmström, Emma, Hynynen, J., Nilsson, U., Korhonen, Kari T., Westerlund, Bertil, Bianchi, Simone, Aldea, Jorge, Huuskonen, Saija, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lee, Daesung [0000-0003-1586-9385], Holmström, Emma [0000-0003-2025-1942], Hynynen, J. [0000-0002-9132-8612], Nilsson, U. [0000-0002-7624-4031], Korhonen, Kari T. [0000-0002-6198-853X], Westerlund, Bertil [0000-0002-1073-8434], Bianchi, Simone [0000-0001-9544-7400], Aldea, Jorge [0000-0003-2568-5192], Huuskonen, Saija [0000-0001-8630-3982], Lee, Daesung, Holmström, Emma, Hynynen, J., Nilsson, U., Korhonen, Kari T., Westerlund, Bertil, Bianchi, Simone, Aldea, Jorge, and Huuskonen, Saija
Abstract: This study’s objectives were to suggest harmonised criteria for the definition of mixed forests for two Nordic countries, describe their principal mixture types, and provide an overview of their current extent. We used national forest inventory data compiled in Finland and Sweden, considering the forest available for wood supply (FAWS), excluding seedling and sapling plots before canopy closure. The definition of the mixed forest was based on the threshold criteria, which indicate the basal area proportion of the dominant tree species of the total in a stand. The proportion of mixed forests increased with higher threshold criteria: 21% to 42% in Finland and 24% to 49% in Sweden, as the threshold criterion was changed from 65% to 85%. With a threshold criterion of 75%, the area of mixed FAWS was 5.6 million ha (31% of FAWS) in Finland and 6.5 million ha (36%) in Sweden. The dominant mixture type was the pine-spruce-birches mixture (31%) in Finland and the pine-spruce mixture (29%) in Sweden. The proportion of peatland forest of mixed forests was similar in the countries: 9–10%. The mixed forests proportion increased from north boreal to hemiboreal, increasing with more mature development classes.
Published: 2023

14. Novel foods: a risk profile for the house cricket (Acheta domesticus)

Author: SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Sweden, X Fernandez‐Cassi, A Supeanu, A Jansson, S Boqvist, and I Vagsholm
Subjects: house cricket, entomophagy, novel foods, food safety, risk profile, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: Abstract Novel foods could represent a sustainable alternative to traditional farming and conventional foodstuffs. Starting in 2018, Regulation (EU) 2283/2015 entered into force, laying down provisions for the approval of novel foods in Europe, including insects. This Approved Regulation establishes the requirements that enable Food Business Operators to bring new foods into the EU market, while ensuring high levels of food safety for European consumers. The present risk profile tackles the hazards for one of the most promising novel food insects, the house cricket (Acheta domesticus). The risk profile envisages a closed A. domesticus crickets rearing system, under Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) and good farming practices (GFP), in contrast with open cricket farms. The methodology used involves screening the literature and identifying possible hazards, followed by adding relevant inclusion criteria for the evidence obtained. These criteria include animal health and food safety aspects, for the entire lifespan of crickets, based on the farm to fork One Health principle. When data were scarce, comparative evidence from close relatives of the Orthoptera genus was used (e.g. grasshoppers, locusts and other cricket species). Nevertheless, significant data gaps in animal health and food safety are present. Even if HACCP‐type systems are implemented, the risk profile identifies the following considerable concerns: (1) high total aerobic bacterial counts; (2) survival of spore‐forming bacteria following thermal processing; (3) allergenicity of insects and insect‐derived products; and (4) the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (e.g. cadmium). Other hazards like parasites, fungi, viruses, prions, antimicrobial resistance and toxins are ranked as low risk. For some hazards, a need for additional evidence is highlighted.
Published: 2018
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15. Using flower strips to promote green lacewings to control cabbage insect pests

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alcalá Herrera, Rafael, Cotes, Belén, Agustí, Nuria, Tasin, Marco, Porcel, M., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alcalá Herrera, Rafael, Cotes, Belén, Agustí, Nuria, Tasin, Marco, and Porcel, M.
Abstract: Habitat management improves biological control by increasing the abundance and fitness of natural enemies through the provision of floral resources along field edges or between crops. Among the natural enemies reliant on flower resources, green lacewings often stand out due to their abundance, predation capacity and polyphagy. We evaluated the impact of tailored flower strips on the enhancement of natural enemies, especially green lacewings, in three organic cabbage (Brassica oleracea) farms in Southern Sweden. Insects were sampled from the flower strips, and cabbage pests and predators were visually recorded in the crop. In a laboratory assay, the pollen feeding preferences of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) were evaluated in a dual-choice test. The pollen consumed by the Chrysopidae was extracted from laboratory and field specimens, then quantified and identified. Flower strips were found to attract predators and parasitoids, whose abundance increased as flowers bloomed. Cabbage plants next to the flower strips showed lower pest infestation as compared to cabbage plant control, although no significant differences were observed in the number of predators. Chrysopidae used flower strips as feeding, reproduction and shelter sites and mainly consumed pollen from Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. Under laboratory conditions, C. carnea showed a preference for P. tanacetifolia and Coriandrum sativum L. pollen over Borago officinalis L. and Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. We show that tailored flower strips could be an efficient tool for enhancing beneficial arthropods and should be considered in integrated pest management for cabbage crops.
Published: 2022

16. Data from: Using flower strips to promote green lacewings to control cabbage insect pests [Dataset]

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alcalá Herrera, Rafael, Cotes, Belén, Agustí, Nuria, Tasin, Marco, Porcel, M., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alcalá Herrera, Rafael, Cotes, Belén, Agustí, Nuria, Tasin, Marco, and Porcel, M.
Abstract: The dataset contains six objects: 1) Visual sampling data (section 2.2), 2) Suction sampling data (section 2.3), 3) Pollen-foraging preference assay number and volume of pollen grains data (section 2.4) and 4) Number and volume of pollen grains data (section 2.4) from Chrysopidae collected in the field. In columns (=variables) and lines (=samples). Results were published in Journal of Pest Science 95: 669-683 (2022).
Published: 2022

17. Strategic Environmental Assessment in Policy and Sector Reform: Conceptual Model and Operational Guidance

Author: World Bank, University of Gothenburg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment
Published: 2011

18. Nitrogen-fixing plant ecology: factors limiting the nitrogen fixing trait

Author: Renault, Sylvie (Biological Sciences), Stasolla, Claudio (Plant Science), Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), Markham, John (Biological Sciences), Chen, Haoran, Renault, Sylvie (Biological Sciences), Stasolla, Claudio (Plant Science), Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), Markham, John (Biological Sciences), and Chen, Haoran
Abstract: In the nitrogen-fixing clade, only 10 out of 28 plant families retain the nitrogen fixation trait. It is thought that the nitrogen fixation has been lost repeatedly since it evolved. Exploring the potential abiotic and biotic factors that trigger the loss of nitrogen-fixing traits is critical to understanding the evolution and ecology of plants. I designed three studies to examine how nitrogen-fixing plants respond to N deposition, different levels of CO2, herbivore damage, and less-effective symbionts. For the first study I grew three nitrogen fixers (Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, Alnus viridis ssp. crispa, and Alnus rubra) and their close non-nitrogen fixing relatives (Betula pumila, Betula papyrifera, Betula glandulosa) at ancient (1600 ppm) or present (400 ppm) CO2 over a range of soil N levels, equivalent to 0, 10, 50, and 200 kg N ha-1 year-1. I found nitrogen-fixing plants were less competitive as soil N increased compared with non-N fixers, but at ancient CO2 levels nitrogen-fixing plants are at an advantage at higher soil N levels. The seconded study explored the interaction between Alnus incana ssp. rugosa and Orgyia leucostigma under ambient (400 ppm), future (800 ppm), and ancient (1600 ppm) CO2. Herbivores preferred to feed on nodulated plant leaves grown at 400 ppm and 1600 ppm when given a choice, compared with non-nodulated leaves. At 800 ppm CO2 nodulated plants accumulated more total phenolic compounds in response to herbivore damage than plants in the non-Frankia and non-herbivore treatments. The third study examined if Alnus spp. can select against less-effective symbiont via partner choice or sanctioning. In a co-inoculation experiment, host plants could not prevent the less effective sp+ Frankia from entering roots when inoculated with a mixture of effective (sp-) and less effective (sp+) Frankia. When plant roots were inoculated with sp+ Frankia and exposed to Argon to induce Frankia cheating, specific nodule mass was not reduced. However, Argon-t
Published: 2021

19. Silicon induces adventitious root formation in rice under arsenate stress with involvement of nitric oxide and indole-3-acetic acid

Author: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Tripathi, D.K., Rai, P., Guerriero, G., Sharma, S., Corpas, Francisco J., Singh, V.P., Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Tripathi, D.K., Rai, P., Guerriero, G., Sharma, S., Corpas, Francisco J., and Singh, V.P.
Abstract: Arsenic (As) negatively affects plant development. This study evaluates how the application of silicon (Si) can favor the formation of adventitious roots in rice under arsenate stress (AsV) as a mechanism to mitigate its negative effects. The simultaneous application of AsV and Si up-regulated the expression of genes involved in nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, cell cycle progression, auxin (IAA, indole-3-acetic acid) biosynthesis and transport, and Si uptake which accompanied adventitious root formation. Furthermore, Si triggered the expression and activity of enzymes involved in ascorbate recycling. Treatment with L-NAME (NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester), an inhibitor of NO generation, significantly suppressed adventitious root formation, even in the presence of Si; however, supplying NO in the growth media rescued its effects. Our data suggest that both NO and IAA are essential for Si-mediated adventitious root formation under AsV stress. Interestingly, TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), a polar auxin transport inhibitor, suppressed adventitious root formation even in the presence of Si and SNP (sodium nitroprusside, an NO donor), suggesting that Si is involved in a mechanism whereby a cellular signal is triggered and that first requires NO formation, followed by IAA biosynthesis.
Published: 2021

20. Removal of H2Aub1 by ubiquitin-specific proteases 12 and 13 is required for stable Polycomb-mediated gene repression in Arabidopsis

Author: Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Kralemann, Lejon E. M., Liu, Shujing, Trejo, José L., Muñoz-Viana, Rafael, Köhler, Claudia, Hennig, Lars, Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Kralemann, Lejon E. M., Liu, Shujing, Trejo, José L., Muñoz-Viana, Rafael, Köhler, Claudia, and Hennig, Lars
Abstract: [Background]: Stable gene repression is essential for normal growth and development. Polycomb repressive complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1&2) are involved in this process by establishing monoubiquitination of histone 2A (H2Aub1) and subsequent trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3). Previous work proposed that H2Aub1 removal by the ubiquitin-specific proteases 12 and 13 (UBP12 and UBP13) is part of the repressive PRC1&2 system, but its functional role remains elusive., [Results]: We show that UBP12 and UBP13 work together with PRC1, PRC2, and EMF1 to repress genes involved in stimulus response. We find that PRC1-mediated H2Aub1 is associated with gene responsiveness, and its repressive function requires PRC2 recruitment. We further show that the requirement of PRC1 for PRC2 recruitment depends on the initial expression status of genes. Lastly, we demonstrate that removal of H2Aub1 by UBP12/13 prevents loss of H3K27me3, consistent with our finding that the H3K27me3 demethylase REF6 is positively associated with H2Aub1., [Conclusions]: Our data allow us to propose a model in which deposition of H2Aub1 permits genes to switch between repression and activation by H3K27me3 deposition and removal. Removal of H2Aub1 by UBP12/13 is required to achieve stable PRC2-mediated repression.
Published: 2020

21. Lungeing on hard and soft surfaces: Movement symmetry of trotting horses considered sound by their owners

Author: Pfau, T, Jennings, C, Mitchell, H, Olsen, E, Walker, A M, Egenvall, A, Troester, S, Weller, R, Rhodin, M, and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Published: 2016

22. Is 'Cooperative' a Plus factor in market communication ? A franco-Swedish Comparative study of consumer perceptions

Author: Nilsson, Jerker, Ruffio, Philippe, GOUIN, Stéphane, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, ., The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, ., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institut Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, Agroalimentaires, Horticoles et du Paysage (Agrocampus Ouest), Économie et Sociologie Rurales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University = Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole (KVL ), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). SWE., The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, and AGROCAMPUS OUEST
Subjects: Economies et finances, Economies and finances, marketing, COOPERATIVES, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, MARKETING
Abstract: Diffusion du document : INRA Station d'Economie et Sociologie rurales 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc 35042 Rennes Cedex (FRA); While what might be termed ethical or 'civic' consumption is no longer reserved to a few isolated eccentrics, the aim of this paper is to set out some first thoughts on the wellfoundedness of developing market communication for agricultural cooperatives based on their specific form of organisation.Based on a consumer suruey conducted jointly in France and Sweden, it sets out to appraise consumer knowledge of and interest in cooperative firms and their activities and to get a clear picture of the image consumers have of these organisations.We first describe the general framework for the study (part 1), then the method employed {part 2). We then set out the results (part 3) and interpret them (part 4).
Published: 2004

23. Use of remotely sensed auxiliary data for improving sample-based forest inventories

Author: Helsingin yliopisto, maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta, metsatieteiden laitos, Helsingfors universitet, agrikultur-forstvetenskapliga fakulteten, institutionen för skogsvetenskaper, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Resource Management, Forest Resource Analysis Division, Saarela, Svetlana, Helsingin yliopisto, maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta, metsatieteiden laitos, Helsingfors universitet, agrikultur-forstvetenskapliga fakulteten, institutionen för skogsvetenskaper, University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Resource Management, Forest Resource Analysis Division, and Saarela, Svetlana
Abstract: Over the past decades it has been shown that remotely sensed auxiliary data have a potential to increase the precision of key estimators in sample-based forest surveys. This thesis was motivated by the increasing availability of remotely sensed data, and the objectives were to investigate how this type of auxiliary data can be used for improving both the design and the estimators in sample-based surveys. Two different modes of inference were studied: model-based inference and design-based inference. Empirical data for the studies were acquired from a boreal forest area in the Kuortane region of western Finland. The data comprised a combination of auxiliary information derived from airborne LiDAR and Landsat data, and field sample plot data collected using a modification of the 10th Finnish National Forest Inventory. The studied forest attribute was growing stock volume. In Paper I, remotely sensed data were applied at the design stage, using a newly developed design which spreads the sample efficiently in the space of auxiliary data. The analysis was carried out through Monte Carlo sampling simulation using a simulated population developed by way of a copula technique utilizing empirical data from Kuortane. The results of the study showed that the new design resulted in a higher precision when compared to a traditional design where the samples were spread only in the space of geographical data. In Paper II, remotely sensed auxiliary data were applied in connection with model-assisted estimation. The auxiliary data were used mainly in the estimation stage, but also in the design stage through probability-proportional-to-size sampling utilizing Landsat data. The results showed that LiDAR auxiliary data considerably improved the precision compared to estimation based only on field samples. Additionally, in spite of their low correlation with growing stock volume, adding Landsat data as auxiliary data further improved the precision of the estimators. In Paper III, the f, Under de senaste årtiondena har det visat sig att hjälpdata från fjärranalys har potential att öka precisionen för skattningar i stickprovsbaserade skogsinventeringar. Denna avhandling motiverades av den ökade tillgängligheten av fjärranalysdata, och målet var att undersöka hur den här typen av hjälpdata kan användas för att förbättra både stickprovsdesign och skattningar vid stickprovsbaserade inventeringar. Två olika typer av statistisk inferens studerades: modellbaserad inferens och designbaserad inferens. Empiriska data för studierna förvärvades från ett borealt skogsområde i Kuortane regionen i västra Finland. Data bestod av en kombination av hjälpinformation från luftburen LiDAR, Landsat och fältdata från provytor som samlats in med hjälp av en intensifierad version av Riksskogstaxeringen. Det attribut som studerades var volym för skogsbeståndet. Resultaten från denna avhandling är viktiga för utvecklingen av skogsinventeringar så att de kan uppfylla de krav som följer av ett ökande antal internationella åtaganden och överenskommelser med anknytning till skogen. Nyckelord: designbaserad, Landsat, LiDAR, modellbaserad, multivariat sannolikhetsfördelning, stickprov., Viime vuosikymmeninä kaukokartoituksen avulla hankitulla aputiedolla on potentiaalia lisätä otantapohjaisen metsien inventoinnin tärkeimpien estimaattoreiden täsmällisyyttä. Tämän opinnäytetyön motivaatio perustuu kaukokartoitusaineistojen lisääntyvään saatavuuteen ja tavoitteena oli selvittää miten tämän tyyppistä aputietoa voidaan käyttää parantamaan otantapohjaisten tutkimusten asetelmaa ja estimaattoreita. Tutkittiin kahta erilaista lähestymistapaa: malliperusteista ja asetelmaperusteista. Tutkimuksia varten kerättiin empiirinen aineisto boreaalisesta metsäalueelta Kuortaneelta Länsi-Suomesta. Aineisto käsitti yhdistelmän aputietona hyödynnettyjä laserkeilaus- ja Landsat-aineistoja, maastokoeala-aineisto kerättiin 10. valtakunnan metsien inventoinnin muunnelmana. Tutkittavana metsikkötunnuksena oli runkotilavuus. Tämän opinnäytetyön tulokset ovat tärkeitä metsien inventoinnin kehittämisessä vastaamaan vaatimuksia, jotka pohjautuvat kasvavaan määrään metsiin liittyviä kansainvälisiä sopimuksia ja velvoitteita. Avainsanat: asetelmaperusteinen, Landsat, LiDAR, malliperusteinen, moniuloitteinen todennäköisyysjakauma, otanta.
Published: 2015

24. Planning for Wind Power: A Study of Public Engagement in Uddevalla, Sweden

Author: Skelton, Ian (City Planning) Hammarlund, Karin (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), van Vliet, David (City Planning), Friesen, Michael, Skelton, Ian (City Planning) Hammarlund, Karin (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences), van Vliet, David (City Planning), and Friesen, Michael
Abstract: Despite seemingly widespread support, wind power initiatives often experience controversial development processes that may result in project delays or cancelations. Wind power planning – often derided for ignoring the concerns of local residents – is ideally positioned to engage citizens in determining if and where development may be appropriate. Following the process of a dialogue based landscape analysis in Uddevalla, Sweden, the research endeavours to better understand the ties between landscape and attitudes towards wind power, how concerned parties express these attitudes, and how these attitudes may change through public engagement. In contrast to many existing quantitative studies, the research uses one-on-one interviews with participants of the planning processes to provide a rich qualitative resource for the exploration of the topic. Five themes emerging from the interviews and their analysis, are explored in depth. These themes include: landscape form and function; the expression of public attitudes; changing attitudes; frustration with politicians and processes; and engagement and representation. Consideration is also given to landscape analysis as a method, wind power and planning in the Canadian context, and planning theory. The research indicates that attitudes towards wind power development are tied to planning processes, specifically: that the collective landscape shapes values and attitudes, is developed through discourse, and is composed of competing visions; that when formal avenues of discourse are closed, citizens will self-organize to exert political pressure with potentially damaging side-effects on relationships within the community; and that planning, when directed towards recognising and addressing concerns, can generate positive outcomes concerning attitudes towards wind power. Through engagement processes that embrace the multifaceted nature of landscape, value qualitative factors, are fair and transparent, better localize the benefits of
Published: 2014

25. Landscape structure shapes habitat finding ability in a butterfly

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden - Department of Ecology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, Öckinger, Erik, Van Dyck, Hans, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden - Department of Ecology, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity, Öckinger, Erik, and Van Dyck, Hans
Abstract: Land-use intensification and habitat fragmentation is predicted to impact on the search strategies animals use to find habitat. We compared the habitat finding ability between populations of the speckled wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria L.) from landscapes that differ in degree of habitat fragmentation. Naıve butterflies reared under standardized laboratory conditions but originating from either fragmented agricultural landscapes or more continuous forested landscapes were released in the field, at fixed distances from a target habitat patch, and their flight paths were recorded. Butterflies originating from fragmented agricultural landscapes were better able to find a woodlot habitat from a distance compared to conspecifics from continuous forested landscapes. To manipulate the access to olfactory information, a subset of individuals from both landscape types were included in an antennae removal experiment. This confirmed the longer perceptual range for butterflies from agricultural landscapes and indicated the significance of both visual and olfactory information for orientation towards habitat. Our results are consistent with selection for increased perceptual range in fragmented landscapes to reduce dispersal costs. An increased perceptual range will alter the functional connectivity and thereby the chances for population persistence for the same level of structural connectivity in a fragmented landscape.
Published: 2012

26. Molecular characterization of feline infectious peritonitis virus strain DF-2 and studies of the role of ORF3abc in viral cell tropism

Author: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Agria Pet Insurance, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, National Office for Research and Technology (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Bálint, Adam, Farsang, Attila, Zádori, Zoltán, Hornyák, Ákos, Dencsö, László, Almazán, Fernando, Enjuanes Sánchez, Luis, Belák, Sándor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Agria Pet Insurance, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, National Office for Research and Technology (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Bálint, Adam, Farsang, Attila, Zádori, Zoltán, Hornyák, Ákos, Dencsö, László, Almazán, Fernando, Enjuanes Sánchez, Luis, and Belák, Sándor
Abstract: The full-length genome of the highly lethal feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) strain DF-2 was sequenced and cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) to study the role of ORF3abc in the FIPV-feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) transition. The reverse genetic system allowed the replacement of the truncated ORF3abc of the original FIPV DF-2 genome with the intact ORF3abc of the canine coronavirus (CCoV) reference strain Elmo/02. The in vitro replication kinetics of these two viruses was studied in CrFK and FCWF-4 cell lines, as well as in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Both viruses showed similar replication kinetics in established cell lines. However, the strain with a full-length ORF3 showed markedly lower replication of more than 2 log10 titers in feline peripheral blood monocytes. Our results suggest that the truncated ORF3abc plays an important role in the efficient macrophage/monocyte tropism of type II FIPV. © 2012, American Society for Microbiology.
Published: 2012

27. Presence of fungi in Scots pine needles found to correlate with air quality as measured by bioindicators in northern Spain

Author: Universidad de León, Universidad de La Rioja, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala University, Romeralo, Carmen [0000-0002-8510-9915], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Romeralo, Carmen, Díez, Julio Javier, Santiago, Natividad F., Universidad de León, Universidad de La Rioja, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala University, Romeralo, Carmen [0000-0002-8510-9915], Díez, Julio Javier [0000-0003-0558-8141], Romeralo, Carmen, Díez, Julio Javier, and Santiago, Natividad F.
Abstract: Atmospheric pollution has increased worldwide during the last decades affecting forest ecosystems. Thermal power plants give off high levels of contaminants, which can damage forest health. Bioindicators can be helpful tools used for evaluating environment changes by giving an accurate measure of the extent of pollution. The focus of this study was to analyse fungal mycoflora in Pinus sylvestris stands near a thermal power plant and the possible correlation between the presence of the fungi and the air quality as measured by lichens and mosses. Fungi associated with pine needles were selected as subjects of this study because of their phytopathological importance and association with the pine trees' decline. Samples for this study were selected from eight plots in close proximity to a thermal power station in northern Spain. Symptoms of decline were previously observed in all the plots before sampling was performed. Lichens were used as bioindicators of environmental quality in two ways, first using the Index of Atmospheric Purity and second through categorization of lichen species based on their sensitivity. In addition, botanical quality was measured regarding the presence or absence of mosses. With two seasonal samplings (autumn and spring) and the use of four types of pine needle plant material (green needles, dried needles, half-green, half-dried needles and fallen needles), both endophytes and epiphytes present in the needles were isolated and observed. Thirty fungal species in total were identified of the 1095 isolates obtained. Furthermore, significant differences in fungal isolates were observed between seasons and among the different plant material. Results showed that both environmental air quality and botanical quality were negatively correlated with the relative isolation frequency of fungi. The higher number of isolates was attributed to a possible infection produced by fungi, which could be a leading factor in the trees' decline. © 2012 Blackwell Verl
Published: 2012

28. Unusual features of pomoviral RNA movement

Author: Cell and Molecular Sciences, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA , Scotland / UK - The James Hutton Institute, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland / UK - Cell and Molecular Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Uppsala BioCentre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden - Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Torrance, Lesley, Wright, Kathryn M., Crutzen, François, Cowan, Graham H., Lukhovitskaya, Nina I., Cell and Molecular Sciences, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA , Scotland / UK - The James Hutton Institute, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland / UK - Cell and Molecular Sciences, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Uppsala BioCentre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden - Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Torrance, Lesley, Wright, Kathryn M., Crutzen, François, Cowan, Graham H., and Lukhovitskaya, Nina I.
Abstract: Potato mop-top pomovirus (PMTV) is one of a few viruses that can move systemically in plants in the absence of coat protein (CP). Pomoviruses encode the triple gene block genetic module of movement proteins (TGB 1, 2 and 3) and recent research suggests that PMTV RNA is transported either as ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes containing TGB1 or encapsidated in virions containing TGB1. Furthermore, there are different requirements for local or systemic (long-distance) movement. Research suggests that nucleolar passage of TGB1 may be important for the long-distance movement of both RNP and virions. Moreover, and uniquely, the long-distance movement of the CP-encoding RNA requires expression of both major and minor CP subunits and is inhibited when only the major CP sub unit is expressed. This paper reviews pomovirus research and presents a current model for RNA movement.
Published: 2011

29. Strategic Environmental Assessment in Policy and Sector Reform : Conceptual Model and Operational Guidance

Author: World Bank, University of Gothenburg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment
Subjects: Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Climate Change Economics Public Sector Development - Climate Change Policy and Regulation Rural Development - Common Property Resource Development Environment - Environmental Economics & Policies Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures
Abstract: Around the world, it is increasingly being recognized that for sustainability goals to be reached, efforts need to go beyond complying with standards and mitigating adverse impacts, to identifying environmental sustainability as an objective of the development process. This approach requires the integration of environmental, sustainability, and climate change considerations into policy and sector reform. Because sector reform brings about significant policy change involving adjustments in laws, policies, regulations, and institutions, it is a sensitive political process often driven by strong economic interests. Policy makers are subject to a number of political pressures that originate in vested interests. The recommendations of environmental assessment are often of little relevance unless there are constituencies that support them and have sufficient political power to make their voices heard in the policy process. While strong constituencies are important during the design of sector reform, they are even more important during implementation. It follows that effective environmental assessment in policy and sector reform requires strong constituencies backing up recommendations, a system to hold policy makers accountable for their decisions, and institutions that can balance competing and, sometimes, conflicting interests.

30. Chitosan-Modified Polyethyleneimine Nanoparticles for Enhancing the Carboxylation Reaction and Plants’ CO2 Uptake

Author: Cyril Routier, Lorenzo Vallan, Yohann Daguerre, Marta Juvany, Emin Istif, Daniele Mantione, Cyril Brochon, Georges Hadziioannou, Åsa Strand, Torgny Näsholm, Eric Cloutet, Eleni Pavlopoulou, Eleni Stavrinidou, Laboratory of Organic Electronics [Norrköping, Sweden] (Department of Science and Technology), Linköping University (LIU), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Team 4 LCPO : Polymer Materials for Electronic, Energy, Information and Communication Technologies, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), and European Project: 800926,HyPhOE
Subjects: photosynthesis, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Botany, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, General Engineering, nanoparticles CO2 capture polyethyleneimine chitosan photosynthesis, General Physics and Astronomy, Botanik, CO2 capture, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Nano Technology, nanoparticles, General Materials Science, chitosan, polyethyleneimine, Biokemi och molekylärbiologi
Abstract: Increasing plants photosynthetic efficienc y is a major challenge that must be addressed in order to cover the food demands of the growing population in the changing climate. Photosynthes i s is greatly limited at the initial carboxylation reaction, where CO2 is converted to the organic acid 3-PGA, catalyzed by the RuBisCO enzyme. RuBisCO has poor affinity for CO2, but also the CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site is limited by the diffusion of atmospheric CO2 through the various leaf compartments to the reaction site. Beyond genetic engineer-ing, nanotechnology can offer a materials-based approach for enhancing photosynthesis, and yet, it has mostly been explored for the light-dependent reactions. In this work, we developed polyethyleneimine-based nanoparticl e s for enhancing the carbox-ylation reaction. We demonstrate that the nanoparticles can capture CO2 in the form of bicarbonate and increase the CO2 that reacts with the RuBisCO enzyme, enhancing the 3-PGA production in in vitro assays by 20%. The nanoparticles can be introduced to the plant via leaf infiltration and, because of the functionalization with chitosan oligomers, they do not induce any toxic effect to the plant. In the leaves, the nanoparticles localize in the apoplastic space but also spontaneously reach the chloroplasts where photosynthetic activity takes place. Their CO2 loading-dependent fluorescence verifies that, in vivo, they maintain their abi l i t y to capture CO2 and can be therefore reloaded with atmospheric CO2 while in planta. Our results contribute to the development of a nanomaterials-based CO2-concentrating mechanism in plants t h a t can potentially increase photosynthetic efficiency and overall plants CO2 storage. Funding Agencies|European Union [800926, 101042148]; Swedish Research Council [VR-2017-04910]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials at Linkoping University [2009-00971]; MCIN/AEI [Ayuda RYC2021-031668-I]
Published: 2023
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31. Divergent selection predating the Last Glacial Maximum mainly acted on macro‐phenotypes in Norway spruce

Author: M. Tiret, L. Olsson, T. Grahn, B. Karlsson, P. Milesi, M. Lascoux, S.-O. Lundqvist, M.R. García-Gil, Uppsala University, Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), B4Est, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, and Uppsala Universite
Subjects: Ekologi, Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, F-ST, Norway spruce, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Genetics, population structure, Q(ST) vs, wood quality, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: SummaryThe current distribution and population structure of many species were, to a large extent, shaped by cycles of isolation in glacial refugia and subsequent population expansions. Isolation in, and post-glacial expansion through heterogeneous environments led to either neutral or adaptive divergence. Norway spruce is no exception, and its current distribution is the consequence of a constant interplay between evolutionary and demographic processes. We investigated population differentiation and adaptation of Norway spruce for juvenile growth, diameter of the stem, wood density and tracheid traits at breast height. Data from 4,461 phenotyped and genotyped Norway spruce from 396 half-sib families in two progeny tests were used to test for divergent selection in the framework of QST vs FST. We show that the macroscopic resultant trait (stem diameter), unlike its microscopic components (tracheid dimensions) and juvenile growth, was under divergent selection that predated the Last Glacial Maximum. Altogether, the current variation in these phenotypic traits in Norway spruce is better explained by local adaptation to ancestral environments than to current ones, where populations were partly pre-adapted, mainly through growth-related traits.
Published: 2022
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32. Auxin triggers pectin modification during rootlet emergence in white lupin

Author: François Jobert, Alexandre Soriano, Laurent Brottier, Célia Casset, Fanchon Divol, Josip Safran, Valérie Lefebvre, Jérôme Pelloux, Stéphanie Robert, Benjamin Péret, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Biologie des Plantes et Innovation - UR UPJV 3900 (BIOPI), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)
Subjects: Indoleacetic Acids, Cell wall, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Cell Biology, Plant Science, Plants, Plant Roots, Pectin, Lupinus, Root development, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Lupinus albus (white lupin), Genetics, Pectins, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Auxin
Abstract: International audience; Emergence of secondary roots through parental tissue is a highly controlled developmental process. Although the model plant Arabidopsis has been useful to uncover the predominant role of auxin in this process, its simple root structure is not representative of how emergence takes place in most plants, which display more complex root anatomy. White lupin is a legume crop producing structures called cluster roots, where closely spaced rootlets emerge synchronously. Rootlet primordia push their way through several cortical cell layers while maintaining the parent root integrity, reflecting more generally the lateral root emergence process in most multilayered species. In this study, we showed that lupin rootlet emergence is associated with an upregulation of cell wall pectin modifying and degrading genes under the active control of auxin. Among them, we identified LaPG3, a polygalacturonase gene typically expressed in cells surrounding the rootlet primordium and we showed that its downregulation delays emergence. Immunolabeling of pectin epitopes and their quantification uncovered a gradual pectin demethylesterification in the emergence zone, which was further enhanced by auxin treatment, revealing a direct hormonal control of cell wall properties. We also report rhamnogalacturonan-I modifications affecting cortical cells that undergo separation as a consequence of primordium outgrowth. In conclusion, we describe a model of how external tissues in front of rootlet primordia display cell wall modifications to allow for the passage of newly formed rootlets.
Published: 2022
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33. Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails

Author: Anton M. Potapov, Carlos A. Guerra, Johan van den Hoogen, Anatoly Babenko, Bruno C. Bellini, Matty P. Berg, Steven L. Chown, Louis Deharveng, Ľubomír Kováč, Natalia A. Kuznetsova, Jean-François Ponge, Mikhail B. Potapov, David J. Russell, Douglas Alexandre, Juha M. Alatalo, Javier I. Arbea, Ipsa Bandyopadhyaya, Verónica Bernava, Stef Bokhorst, Thomas Bolger, Gabriela Castaño-Meneses, Matthieu Chauvat, Ting-Wen Chen, Mathilde Chomel, Aimee T. Classen, Jerome Cortet, Peter Čuchta, Ana Manuela de la Pedrosa, Susana S. D. Ferreira, Cristina Fiera, Juliane Filser, Oscar Franken, Saori Fujii, Essivi Gagnon Koudji, Meixiang Gao, Benoit Gendreau-Berthiaume, Diego F. Gomez-Pamies, Michelle Greve, I. Tanya Handa, Charlène Heiniger, Martin Holmstrup, Pablo Homet, Mari Ivask, Charlene Janion-Scheepers, Malte Jochum, Sophie Joimel, Bruna Claudia S. Jorge, Edite Jucevica, Olga Ferlian, Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho, Osmar Klauberg-Filho, Dilmar Baretta, Eveline J. Krab, Annely Kuu, Estevam C. A. de Lima, Dunmei Lin, Zoe Lindo, Amy Liu, Jing-Zhong Lu, María José Luciañez, Michael T. Marx, Matthew A. McCary, Maria A. Minor, Taizo Nakamori, Ilaria Negri, Raúl Ochoa-Hueso, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Melanie M. Pollierer, Pascal Querner, Natália Raschmanová, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Laura J. Raymond-Léonard, Laurent Rousseau, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Sandrine Salmon, Emma J. Sayer, Nicole Scheunemann, Cornelia Scholz, Julia Seeber, Yulia B. Shveenkova, Sophya K. Stebaeva, Maria Sterzynska, Xin Sun, Winda I. Susanti, Anastasia A. Taskaeva, Madhav P. Thakur, Maria A. Tsiafouli, Matthew S. Turnbull, Mthokozisi N. Twala, Alexei V. Uvarov, Lisa A. Venier, Lina A. Widenfalk, Bruna R. Winck, Daniel Winkler, Donghui Wu, Zhijing Xie, Rui Yin, Douglas Zeppelini, Thomas W. Crowther, Nico Eisenhauer, Stefan Scheu, Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Botany and Zoology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRGS), Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Community and Conservation Ecology Group [Groningen], Université de Groningen, Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Soil Zoology, Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, Görlitz, Germany, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDUESC Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil (UDUESC), Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, Department of Sciences, CEPA Camargo, Astillero, Spain, Visva Bharati University, Bengal, India, Administración de Parques Nacionales, San Antonio, Argentina, School of Biology and Environmental Science - University College of Dublin, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México, Etude et Compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Entomology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), FiBL France, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan Research Museums Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2228, USA, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Departmento de Biología Zoología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, Department of General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, University of Bremen, Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, ‘t Horntje, the Netherlands, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Ningbo University (NBU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEdS-Ge / HES-SO), Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Tallinn University of Technology, Tartu College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Entomology, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC-Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil, Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC Oeste), Chapecó, SC, Brazil, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Umeå University, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Rice University [Houston], Wildlife and Ecology Group [New Zealand], Massey University, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan, Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VE.S.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy, University of Cadiz, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - NIOO-KNAW (NETHERLANDS), Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria México, Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Integrated Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Zoology (BOKU), King Abdulaziz University, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, State Nature Reserve 'Privolzhskaya Lesostep', Penza, Russia, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China, Institute of Biology Komi Science Centre UB RAS, University of Bern, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Greensway AB, Uppsala, Sweden, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Biology, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary, Key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Community Department, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany, State University of Paraiba, Institute of Integrative Biology, Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Conservation Ecology Group, Govers group, Ecology & Evolution, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, Systems Ecology, Animal Ecology, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 580 Plants (Botany), 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems, Markvetenskap, 590 Tiere (Zoologie), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Soil, terrestrial food web, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Humans, Animals, 000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme, Macroecology, Arthropods, Tundra, Ecosystem, Ekologi, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, soil fertility, collembola, Biodiversity, General Chemistry, 580 Pflanzen (Botanik), Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Abstract: Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning. The article is an outcome of the #GlobalCollembola community initiative that is voluntarily supported by researchers around the world. Data collection and analysis was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (19-74-00154 to A.P.) and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (493345801 to A.P. and 192626868—SFB 990 to S.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the Göttingen University. The following funding bodies provided support for individual contributors: ARC SRIEAS Grant SR200100005 Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future to S.L.C., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency VEGA 1/0438/22 to Ľ.K., RFBR 19-516-60002 to N.A.K., Carl Tryggers Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig Forskning and Qatar Petroleum to J.M.A., BIO 27 (2013-2014)-MAGyP and PICTO 2084 (2012)-ANPCyT to V.B., DAAD-19-10 and MSM200962001 to T.C., grant TE, PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2019-0358 to C.F., NWO grant 821.01.015 to O.F., National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No 41471037 and 41871042 to M.G., BIO 27 (2013-2014), MAGyP; PICT 2084 (2012), FONCyT to D.F.G., NRF South African National Antarctic Programme grant 110734 to M.G., Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), EcoEnergy Innovation Initiative under the Office of Energy Research and Development, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to I.T.H., L.A.V. and L.R., Independent Research Fund Denmark grant no. DFF-4002-00384 to M.H., Estonian Science Foundation G9145 to M.I., SA-France bilateral grant to C.J., SA (NRF)/Russia (RFBR) Joint Science and Technology Research Collaboration project no. 19-516-60002 (FRBR) and no. 118904 (NRF) to M.P. and C.J., European Research Council (ERC), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232; to N.E.); iDiv, German Research Foundation (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816) to M.J. and N.E., French National Agency of Research (ANR) (JASSUR research project; ANR-12-VBDU-0011), «Ministère de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche» and «Ministère de l’Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie» (ACTA programme), «Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement» (Pnetox programme), EU-funded project, ECOGEN QLK5-CT-2002-01666 (www.ecogen.dk), “Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie” (BIOINDICATEUR 2, BIOTECHNOSOL), ANDRA and GISFI (www.gisfi.fr) to S.J., GRR SER-BIODIV (Région Normandie, France) to MCha, ESF9258, B02 to A.K., Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2018CDXYCH0014) to D.L., DFG 316045089 to J.L., Massey University Research Fund grant to M.A.M., DFG SCHE 376/38-2 to M.M.P., grant from the Austria Academy of Science: Heritage_2020-043_Modeling-Museum to P.Q., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency: VEGA Nos. 1/0441/03 and 1/3267/06 to N.R., Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to M.I.R., RSF 21-74-00126 to R.A.S., Austrian Federal Government and European Union (Rural Development 2014-2020) to J.S., АААА-А17-122040600025-2 to A.A.T., Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq (grant no. 152717/2016-1) to B.R.W., 309030/2018-8 to D.Z. and 305426/2018-4 to B.C.B., National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970434, 31772491) to N.N.G., Research and Innovation Support Foundation of Santa Catarina (FAPESC) (6.309/2011-6/FAPESC) and the CNPq (563251/2010-7/CNPq) to L.C.I.O.F., O.K.-F., the Latvian Council of Science Grants no. 90.108, 93.140, 96.0110, 01.0344 to E.J., CNPq for the Research Productivity Grant (305939/2018-1) to D.B., FPI-MICINN grant in the project INTERCAPA (CGL2014-56739-R) to P.H, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to Z.L., Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary TKP2021-NKTA-43 to D.W. Authors are grateful to Penelope Greenslade for providing the literature on Australian Collembola communities. Authors are grateful to Frans Janssens for providing the global checklist of Collembola.
Published: 2023
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34. Seeking One’s Fortune Elsewhere: The Social Breakdown of a Smallholder Settlement in the Brazilian Eastern Amazon and the Consequences for Its Rainforest Reserve

Author: Roberto Porro, Adam Pain, Örjan Bartholdson, ÖRJAN BARTHOLDSON, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, ROBERTO PORRO, CPATU, and ADAM PAIN, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Subjects: Geography, Forest management, Amazon rainforest, Agroforestry, Forest reserves, Geography, Planning and Development, Rainforest, Development, Collective action, Settlement (litigation), Social networks
Abstract: Using two cases, Anapu and São Manoel, located in the Brazilian Amazonian, this paper discusses the relationships between smallholders' capacity for collective action, smallholders' potential to unite and defend their territories, and the role of the state. In November 2017 a forest reserve of the settlement in Anapu was invaded by near 200 armed illegal squatters. We show how this event resulted from a gradual increase in internal tensions and loss of trust, thereby undermining attempts for collective action. A large reason for the lack of a functioning social network, reciprocal interactions and social trust is the migratory background of the settlers, which hinder the creation of extended kin networks, intermarriages between kin groups, as well as other forms of long-term networks of cooperation. This becomes clear when comparing Anapu to the social organization of the settlement of São Manoel in central Maranhão, which has been strong and functional for several decades. The reasons for the latter?s social coherence and trust is that it formed around interlinked extended kin groups. Collective resistance against a predatory large landowner in the 1980s contributed to forging trust and cohesion that could effectively be used to acquire and maintain collectively owned fields and cattle, to formalize an association and a cooperative and to negotiate social tensions within the community. The reciprocal network of São Manoel has made it possible for its settlers to use its more restricted natural resources to a sustainable extent, without negatively affecting the eco-system of their habitat. Made available in DSpace on 2021-12-03T12:00:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Seeking-One.pdf: 580398 bytes, checksum: 08a6091612e213a7113fd5a9d9b4de5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021
Published: 2021
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35. Auxin and pectin remodeling interplay during rootlet emergence in white lupin

Author: Valérie Lefebvre, Laurent Brottier, Josip Safran, Célia Casset, Jérôme Pelloux, Fanchon Divol, Alexandre Soriano, Benjamin Péret, François Jobert, Stéphanie Robert, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie des Plantes et Innovation - UR UPJV 3900 (BIOPI), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), and Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, food.ingredient, Pectin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, Morphogenesis, food and beverages, Biology, Cell biology, Cell wall, food, chemistry, Downregulation and upregulation, Auxin, Cluster root, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Primordium, Gene
Abstract: Secondary root emergence is a crucial trait that shapes the plant’s underground system. Virtually every developmental step of root primordium morphogenesis is controlled by auxin. However, how the hormone controls cell separation in primordium-overlaying tissues through wall loosening is poorly understood. Here, we took advantage of white lupin and its spectacular cluster root development to assess the contribution of auxin to this process. We show that auxin’s positive role on rootlet emergence is associated with an upregulation of cell wall pectin modifying and degrading genes. Downregulation of a pectinolytic enzyme gene expressed in cells surrounding the primordium resulted in delayed emergence. Pectins were demethylesterified in the emergence zone and auxin treatment further enhanced this effect. Additionally, we report specific rhamnogalacturonan-I modifications during cortical cell separation. In conclusion, we propose a model in which auxin has a dual role during rootlet emergence: Firstly, through active pectin demethylesterification and secondly by regulating the expression of cell wall remodeling enzymes.
Published: 2022

36. Evaluating expert-based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS-tracking data

Author: Maarten J. E. Broekman, Jelle P. Hilbers, Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Thomas Mueller, Abdullahi H. Ali, Henrik Andrén, Jeanne Altmann, Malin Aronsson, Nina Attias, Hattie L. A. Bartlam‐Brooks, Floris M. van Beest, Jerrold L. Belant, Dean E. Beyer, Laura Bidner, Niels Blaum, Randall B. Boone, Mark S. Boyce, Michael B. Brown, Francesca Cagnacci, Rok Černe, Simon Chamaillé‐Jammes, Nandintsetseg Dejid, Jasja Dekker, Arnaud L. J. Desbiez, Samuel L. Díaz‐Muñoz, Julian Fennessy, Claudia Fichtel, Christina Fischer, Jason T. Fisher, Ilya Fischhoff, Adam T. Ford, John M. Fryxell, Benedikt Gehr, Jacob R. Goheen, Morgan Hauptfleisch, A. J. Mark Hewison, Robert Hering, Marco Heurich, Lynne A. Isbell, René Janssen, Florian Jeltsch, Petra Kaczensky, Peter M. Kappeler, Miha Krofel, Scott LaPoint, A. David M. Latham, John D. C. Linnell, A. Catherine Markham, Jenny Mattisson, Emilia Patricia Medici, Guilherme de Miranda Mourão, Bram Van Moorter, Ronaldo G. Morato, Nicolas Morellet, Atle Mysterud, Stephen Mwiu, John Odden, Kirk A. Olson, Aivars Ornicāns, Nives Pagon, Manuela Panzacchi, Jens Persson, Tyler Petroelje, Christer Moe Rolandsen, David Roshier, Daniel I. Rubenstein, Sonia Saïd, Albert R. Salemgareyev, Hall Sawyer, Niels Martin Schmidt, Nuria Selva, Agnieszka Sergiel, Jared Stabach, Jenna Stacy‐Dawes, Frances E. C. Stewart, Jonas Stiegler, Olav Strand, Siva Sundaresan, Nathan J. Svoboda, Wiebke Ullmann, Ulrich Voigt, Jake Wall, Martin Wikelski, Christopher C. Wilmers, Filip Zięba, Tomasz Zwijacz‐Kozica, Aafke M. Schipper, Marlee A. Tucker, MAARTEN J. E. BROEKMAN, Radboud University, JELLE P. HILBERS, Radboud University, MARK A. J. HUIJBREGTS, Radboud University, THOMAS MUELLER, Radboud University, ABDULLAHI H. ALI, Hirola Conservation Programme, Garissa, HENRIK ANDRÉN, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, JEANNE ALTMANN, Princeton University, MALIN ARONSSON, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, NINA ATTIAS, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, HATTIE L. A. BARTLAM-BROOKS, Royal Veterinary College, London, FLORIS M. VAN BEEST, Aarhus University, Roskilde, JERROLD L. BELANT, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, DEAN E. BEYER, Michigan State University, LAURA BIDNER, University of California, NIELS BLAUM, University of Potsdam, RANDALL B. BOONE, Colorado State University, MARK S. BOYCE, University of Alberta, MICHAEL B. BROWN, Giraffe Conservation Foundation, Eros, FRANCESCA CAGNACCI, Research and Innovation Centre, ROK CERNE, Slovenia Forest Service, Ljubljana, SIMON CHAMAILLÉ-JAMMES, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier, NANDINTSETSEG DEJID, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, JASJA DEKKER, Bionet Natuuronderzoek, ARNAUD L. J. DESBIEZ, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), SAMUEL L. DÍAZ-MUÑOZ, University of California, JULIAN FENNESSY, Giraffe Conservation Foundation, CLAUDIA FICHTEL, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, Göttingen, CHRISTINA FISCHER, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, JASON T. FISHER, University of Victoria, ILYA FISCHHOFF, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, ADAM T. FORD, University of British Columbia, JOHN M. FRYXELL, University of Guelph, Guelph, BENEDIKT GEHR, University of Zurich, JACOB R. GOHEEN, University of Wyoming, MORGAN HAUPTFLEISCH, Namibia University of Science and Technology, A. J. MARK HEWISON, Université de Toulouse, ROBERT HERING, University of Potsdam, MARCO HEURICH, Bavarian Forest National Park, LYNNE A. ISBELL, University of California, RENÉ JANSSEN, Bionet Natuuronderzoek, FLORIAN JELTSCH, University of Potsdam, PETRA KACZENSKY, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, PETER M. KAPPELER, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Unit, MIHA KROFEL, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SCOTT LAPOINT, Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, A. DAVID M. LATHAM, University of Alberta, JOHN D. C. LINNELL, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, A. CATHERINE MARKHAM, Stony Brook University, JENNY MATTISSON, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, EMILIA PATRICIA MEDICI, Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, GUILHERME DE MIRANDA MOURAO, CPAP, BRAM VAN MOORTER, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, RONALDO G. MORATO, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, NICOLAS MORELLET, Université de Toulouse, ATLE MYSTERUD, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, STEPHEN MWIU, Wildlife Research and Training Institute, JOHN ODDEN, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, KIRK A. OLSON, Wildlife Conservation Society, AIVARS ORNICANS, Latvian State Forest Research Institute, NIVES PAGON, Slovenia Forest Service, MANUELA PANZACCHI, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, TYLER PETROELJE, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, CHRISTER MOE ROLANDSEN, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, DAVID ROSHIER, Australian Wildlife Conservancy, DANIEL I. RUBENSTEIN, Princeton University, SONIA SAÏD, Office Français de la Biodiversité, ALBERT R. SALEMGAREYEV, Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan (ACBK), HALL SAWYER, Western Ecosystems Technology Inc., NIELS MARTIN SCHMIDT, Aarhus University, NURIA SELVA, Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, AGNIESZKA SERGIEL, Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, JARED STABACH, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, JENNA STACY-DAWES, Conservation Science and Wildlife Health, FRANCES E. C. STEWART, University of Victoria, JONAS STIEGLER, University of Potsdam, OLAV STRAND, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, SIVA SUNDARESAN, Greater Yellowstone Coalition, NATHAN J. SVOBODA, Mississippi State University, WIEBKE ULLMANN, University of Potsdam, ULRICH VOIGT, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, JAKE WALL, Mara Elephant Project, MARTIN WIKELSKI, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, CHRISTOPHER C. WILMERS, University of California, FILIP ZIEBA, Tatra National Park, Zakopane, TOMASZ ZWIJACZ-KOZICA, Tatra National Park, Zakopane, AAFKE M. SCHIPPER, Radboud University, MARLEE A. TUCKER, Radboud University., Radboud University [Nijmegen], Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Hirola Conservation Programme, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Princeton University, Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres, Royal Veterinary College [London], University of London [London], Aarhus University [Aarhus], State University of New York (SUNY), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), University of Alberta, Giraffe Conservation Foundation, Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), SLOVENIA FOREST SERVICE SVN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association, German Primate Center - Deutsches Primatenzentrum -- Leibniz Insitute for Primate Research -- [Göttingen, Allemagne] (GPC - DPZ), Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Guelph, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University of Wyoming (UW), Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences - Høgskolen i Innlandet, Bionet Natuuronderzoek, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna] (Vetmeduni), University of Ljubljana, Columbia University [New York], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation, University of Oslo (UiO), Wildlife Research and Training Institute, Wildlife Conservation Society [Mongolia], Latvian State Forest Research Institute 'Silava', Australian Wildlife Conservancy, Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan, Western Ecosystems Technology Inc., Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Wilfrid Laurier University (WLU), Greater Yellowstone Coalition, Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Veterinary Medicine [Hannover], Mara Elephant Project, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), Tatra National Park, Partenaires INRAE, ANR-16-CE02-0001,LANDTHIRST,Les paysages de la soif: changement climatique et ajustements comportementaux face au manque d'eau(2016), and ANR-16-CE02-0010,Mov-It,Le mouvement des ongulés au sein de paysages hétérogènes: identification des processus comportementaux reliant les changements globaux aux performances démographiques et à la gestion spatialement explicite(2016)
Subjects: SELECTION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], GPS, VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480, RANGING BEHAVIOR, telemetrija, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, sesalci, IUCN, Telemetry, habitatni tip, Mammals, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, telemetry, THREAT, telemetry expert opinion, EXTINCTION RISK, expert opinion, CAPTURE, Comportamento Animal, Habitat use, Expert opinion, Habitat suitability, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, selitev, movement, Animal behavior, LAND, habitat suitability, Movement, selection ratio, raba prostora, ROE DEER, ddc:570, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, habitat type, udc:630*15, mammals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, AVAILABILITY, Expert opinion, GPS, habitat suitability, habitat type, habitat use, IUCN, mammals, movement, selection ratio, telemetry, habitat use, primernost habitata, Climate Action, Ecological Applications, strokovno mnenje, PATTERNS, VDP::Zoology and botany: 480, Environmental Sciences, FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES
Abstract: Aim: Macroecological studies that require habitat suitability data for many species often derive this information from expert opinion. However, expert- based informa-tion is inherently subjective and thus prone to errors. The increasing availability of GPS tracking data offers opportunities to evaluate and supplement expert- based in-formation with detailed empirical evidence. Here, we compared expert- based habitat suitability information from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with habitat suitability information derived from GPS-tracking data of 1,498 individu-als from 49 mammal species.Location: Worldwide.Time period: 1998–2021.Major taxa studied: Forty- nine terrestrial mammal species.Methods: Using GPS data, we estimated two measures of habitat suitability for each individual animal: proportional habitat use (proportion of GPS locations within a habi-tat type), and selection ratio (habitat use relative to its availability). For each individual we then evaluated whether the GPS- based habitat suitability measures were in agree-ment with the IUCN data. To that end, we calculated the probability that the ranking of empirical habitat suitability measures was in agreement with IUCN's classification into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat types.Results: IUCN habitat suitability data were in accordance with the GPS data (> 95% probability of agreement) for 33 out of 49 species based on proportional habitat use estimates and for 25 out of 49 species based on selection ratios. In addition, 37 and 34 species had a > 50% probability of agreement based on proportional habitat use and selection ratios, respectively.Main conclusions: We show how GPS-tracking data can be used to evaluate IUCN habitat suitability data. Our findings indicate that for the majority of species in-cluded in this study, it is appropriate to use IUCN habitat suitability data in macro-ecological studies. Furthermore, we show that GPS-tracking data can be used to identify and prioritize species and habitat types for re-evaluation of IUCN habitat suitability data. expert opinion, GPS, habitat suitability, habitat type, habitat use, IUCN, mammals, movement, selection ratio, telemetry
Published: 2022
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37. The carbon bonus of organic nitrogen enhances nitrogen use efficiency of plants: The carbon bonus of organic nitrogen

Author: Näsholm, Torgny [Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 85 Umeå Sweden, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå Sweden]
Published: 2016
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38. Big Data Palaeoecology reveals significant variation in Black Death mortality in Europe [Preprint]

Author: Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, L., Palli, J., Vignola, C., Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist, F. C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R., Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., 1, Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz, M., Lindbladh, M., López-Sáez, J. A., Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A. M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A. M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M. L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorny, P., Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori, L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., Masi, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bialystok, Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Universität Leipzig, ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala], Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA, Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Institute of Botany [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury], Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, University of Latvia (LU), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń], MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratory of Forest Botany-Geobotany, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, University of Cologne, Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland], University of Gdańsk (UG), Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Centre for Theoretical Studies, Charles University, Czechia (CTS), Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence, CA, USA, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, European Project: 263735,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091209,TEC(2010), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745, Jena, Germany, Faculty of History and International Relations, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland, Department of Earth Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Leipzig, Germany, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany, Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Salisbury, UK, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Institute of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republi, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Department of Quaternary Research, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeobotany, Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland., Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia., Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, University of Tartu, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], IFP Energies Nouvelles, Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Rueil-Malmaison, Rueil-Malmaison, Past Landscape Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., 3 Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland., Institute of History, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland, Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (Dafne), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy., Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland., Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISEM, UMR 5554, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Anthropocene Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, CNRS, HNHP UMR 7194, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Paris, France, Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland., Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland, Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Centre for Theoretical Study, Charles University and Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic., Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Department of Pre- and Early History and West Asian Archaeology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], López Sáez, José Antonio, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: Land-use changes, Ecology, black death pandemic, Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP], palaeoecological data, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, paleoecology, palynology, big data, paleoecology, Europe, big data, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, palynology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The authors acknowledge the following funding sources: Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group (A.I., A.M. and C.V.); Estonian Research Council #PRG323, PUT1173 (A.Pos., T.R., N.S. and S.V.); European Research Council #FP7 263735 (A.Bro. and A.Plu.), #MSC 655659 (A.E.); Georgetown Environmental Initiative (T.N.); Latvian Council of Science #LZP-2020/2-0060 (N.S. and N.J.); LLNL-JRNL-820941 (I.T.); NSF award #GSS-1228126 (S.M.); Polish-Swiss Research Programme #013/2010 CLIMPEAT (M.Lam.), #086/2010 CLIMPOL (A.W.); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education #N N306 275635 (M.K.); Polish National Science Centre #2019/03/X/ST10/00849 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/01656 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/03430 (M.So.), #2018/31/B/ST10/02498 (M.So.), #N N304 319636 (A.W.); SCIEX #12.286 (K.Mar.); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness #REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (J.A.L.S.); Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports #FPU16/00676 (R.L.L.); Swedish Research Council #421-2010-1570 (P.L.), #2018-01272 (F.C.L. and A.S.); Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly (M.B.), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation #RTI2018-101714-B-I00 (F.A.S. and D.A.S.), OP RDE, MEYS project #CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728 (P.P.)., The Black Death (1347–1352 ce) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics., Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group, Estonian Research Council PRG323 PUT1173, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission FP7 263735 MSC 655659, Georgetown Environmental Initiative, Latvian Ministry of Education and Science LZP-2020/2-0060 LLNL-JRNL-820941, National Science Foundation (NSF) GSS-1228126, Polish-Swiss Research Programme 013/2010 086/2010, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland N306 275635, Polish National Science Centre 2019/03/X/ST10/00849 2015/17/B/ST10/01656 2015/17/B/ST10/03430 2018/31/B/ST10/02498 N N304 319636, SCIEX 12.286, Spanish Government REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P FPU16/00676, Swedish Research Council, European Commission 421-2010-1570 2018-01272, Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly, Spanish Government RTI2018-101714-B-I00, OP RDE, MEYS project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728
Published: 2022
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39. Temporary immersion bioreactor system for propagation by somatic embryogenesis of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry)

Author: Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter, Beata Dedicova, Ulrika Egertsdotter, Kim-Cuong Le, Sofie Johansson, Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des Arbres et de la Forêt (BioForA), Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, and Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Somatic embryogenesis, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Germination, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 01 natural sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 03 medical and health sciences, Root length, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Bioreactor, Immersion (virtual reality), Larix eurolepis, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, vertical TIB, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Fresh weight, Horizontal TIB, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, somatic embryogenesis, biology.organism_classification, Horticulture, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, Scale up, Larix × eurolepis, Larch, TP248.13-248.65, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Somatic embryogenesis (SE) has high potential for large-scale clonal propagation of conifers. Different types of bioreactor cultures have been tested for the conifer SE process where the temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs) have proved to be useful across the different developmental steps of the SE process. In the present study the use of TIBs was tested for hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry). The results showed twofold increases in both fresh weight (FW) of pro-embryogenic masses (PEMs) and yield of cotyledonary embryos in the TIBs compared to solid medium in plates. For the germination phase, the highest number of roots per plant, the root length and height of plants were also obtained in the TIBs. The results show that the TIB system can be successfully used to support scale up of plant production in all steps of the SE process from proliferation to germination of hybrid larch (Larix × eurolepis Henry).
Published: 2021
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40. Old females rarely mate with old males in roe deer, Capreolus capreolus

Author: Maryline Pellerin, Cécile Vanpé, Petter Kjellander, Jean-François Lemaître, Erwan Quéméré, A. J. M. Hewison, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), Cécile Vanpé was funded by the ‘AGEX’ JCJC ANR project (ANR-15-CE32-0002-01) awarded to Jean-François Lemaître. The field study was supported by grants from ONCFS. Genetic data were produced thanks to the support of the ‘PATCH’ RPDOC ANR project (ANR-12-PDOC-0017-01) awarded to Cécile Vanpé., ANR-15-CE32-0002,AGEX,Vieillissement sexe-spécifique en milieu naturel(2015), ANR-12-PDOC-0017,PATCH,Plasticité comportementale et AdapTation du CHevreuil aux modifications du paysage(2012), Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodémographie évolutive, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Swedish University of Agricultural Science (SLU), Observatoire du Mont-Blanc, and Ecologie et évolution des populations
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, cervid, senescence, terminal allocation, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Capreolus, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, terminal investment, mate choice, Mating, education, reproductive and urinary physiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, education.field_of_study, biology, Age differences, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Maternal effect, biology.organism_classification, Roe deer, 030104 developmental biology, age, Mate choice, mating tactic, Sexual selection, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Demography
Abstract: Little is known about whether female mating tactics vary with age based on their preference for mates. To fill this knowledge gap, we examined how maternal age is related to the age of their mates using detailed individual long-term monitoring of a genotyped and pedigreed European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758) population. We found that mating between old females and prime-aged males was more frequent than mating between prime-aged females and prime-aged males. This suggests that old females avoid old mates. Old females might be more selective in their mate choice than prime-aged females owing to increased mate-sampling effort. Our finding is in line with the terminal investment/allocation hypothesis. The study of age-related variation in female mating behaviour is particularly important because this behaviour can inﬂuence the intensity and direction of sexual selection and the maintenance of variation in male sexually selected traits. Further studies are needed to quantify the exact fitness benefits of age-specific mating tactics in females.
Published: 2019
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41. Experimental rewilding enhances grassland functional composition and pollinator habitat use

Author: Anna Jansson, Carl-Gustaf Thulin, Anna Skarin, Erik Öckinger, Pablo Garrido, Anders Mårell, UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF FOREST SCIENCES SCHOOL FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT SKINNSKATTEBERG SWE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecosystèmes forestiers (UR EFNO), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department Animal Nutrition and Management, and SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY UPPSALA SWE
Subjects: POLLINISATEUR, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pollination, Biodiversity, HORSE GRAZING, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, POLLINATORS, Grassland, REWILDING, EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY, Pollinator, Ecosystem, PLANT FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, geography, Herbivore, LARGE HERBIVORES, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, ECOLOGICALLY FUNCTIONAL SUBSTITUTES, SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLANDS, CHEVAUX SAUVAGES, 15. Life on land, Habitat, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Species richness, EQUUS
Abstract: International audience; 1. Semi-natural grasslands are rich in biodiversity and thus important habitats for conservation, yet they are experiencing rapid declines due to agricultural intensification and abandonment. Promoting a more diverse mammalian herbivore community, including large and megaherbivores, may result in positive cascade effects for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, reintroducing an ecologically functional substitute of an extinct large herbivore could mitigate current biodiversity declines and foster semi-natural grassland conservation. 2. To test this hypothesis, we set up a 3-year rewilding experiment where 12 feral horses were introduced in three 10-hectare enclosure replicates (four horses per enclosure). We used community-weighted mean plant functional traits to elucidate plant community changes induced by grazing through time. We also investigated the effects of this experimental treatment on insect pollinated plants and on pollinator habitat use. 3. The grassland community exerted a mixed tolerance/avoidance response to grazing. This resulted in plant functional compositional changes which favoured prostrate plant species with higher specific leaf area, characteristic of ruderal communities. 4. Plant species richness was higher in grazed compared to ungrazed areas. Butterfly and bumblebee habitat use, as well as feeding and resting activities were also higher in grazed areas. Moreover, the number of pollinators increased with plant species richness. 5. Synthesis and applications. This study demonstrates that, to enhance the diversity of a given herbivore community with ecological replacements of extinct wild horses can have significant effects on the functional composition of grasslands. It can also mitigate plant species declines, in particular bee-dependent plants, and boost pollinator habitat use. Novel management alternatives are urgently needed to reverse the negative effect of land abandonment in European agricultural landscapes. Thus, rewilding interventions with large mammalian herbivores may offset current biodiversity declines by maintaining important functional links between plants and pollinators in grassland ecosystems.
Published: 2019
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42. Eco‐evolutionary optimality as a means to improve vegetation and land‐surface models

Author: Stephan A. Pietsch, Åke Brännström, Trevor F. Keenan, Aliénor Lavergne, Sandy P. Harrison, Youngryel Ryu, Oskar Franklin, Stefano Manzoni, Ulf Dieckmann, Nicholas G. Smith, Wolfgang Cramer, Iain Colin Prentice, Karin T. Rebel, Benjamin D. Stocker, Catherine Morfopoulos, Jaideep Joshi, Han Wang, Josep Peñuelas, Hugo J. de Boer, Giulia Mengoli, Ian J. Wright, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences (SAGES), University of Reading (UOR), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia, Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meinesz building, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands, Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan, Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK, Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Dept. Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU)-Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main Street, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland, Commission of the European Communities, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Imperial College London, University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Stockholm University, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Global Ecohydrology and Sustainability, and Environmental Sciences
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Eco evolutionary, Environmental change, Physiology, Plant Science, acclimation, TRAIT VARIATION, 01 natural sciences, CARBON-DIOXIDE, water and carbon trade-offs, stomatal behaviour, TROPICAL MOIST FORESTS, Water cycle, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Environmental resource management, Vegetation, Biological Sciences, Plants, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ISOPRENE EMISSIONS, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, WATER-USE EFFICIENCY, Process (engineering), Climate Change, STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE, Plant Biology & Botany, land-surface model, PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Production (economics), Ecosystem, Plant Physiological Phenomena, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, QUANTUM YIELD, plant functional ecology, business.industry, leaf economics spectrum, Plant Sciences, eco-evolutionary optimality, Plant community, 15. Life on land, 06 Biological Sciences, Plant Leaves, global vegetation model, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, business, ELEVATED CO2, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Global vegetation and land-surface models embody interdisciplinary scientific understanding of the behaviour of plants and ecosystems, and are indispensable to project the impacts of environmental change on vegetation and the interactions between vegetation and climate. However, systematic errors and persistently large differences among carbon and water cycle projections by different models highlight the limitations of current process formulations. In this review, focusing on core plant functions in the terrestrial carbon and water cycles, we show how unifying hypotheses derived from eco-evolutionary optimality (EEO) principles can provide novel, parameter-sparse representations of plant and vegetation processes. We present case studiesthat demonstrate how EEO generate parsimonious representations of core, leaf-level processes that are individually testable and supported by evidence. EEO approaches to photosynthesis and primary production, dark respiration, and stomatal behaviour are ripe for implementation in global models. EEO approaches to other important traits, including the leaf economics spectrum and applications of EEO at the community level are active research areas. Independently tested modules emerging from EEO studies could profitably be integrated into modelling frameworks that account for the multiple time scales on which plants and plant communities adjust toenvironmental change.
Published: 2021
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43. Lake Sedimentary DNA Research on Past Terrestrial and Aquatic Biodiversity: Overview and Recommendations

Author: Ulrike Herzschuh, Inger Greve Alsos, Marco J. L. Coolen, Marie-Eve Monchamp, Stefan Bertilsson, Daniel Ariztegui, Antony G. Brown, Laura S. Epp, Sarah E. Crump, Aurèle Vuillemin, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Rebecca E. Garner, Irene Gregory-Eaves, David A. Walsh, Simon Belle, Kevin Nota, Youri Lammers, Kurt H. Kjær, Liv Heinecke, Camille Thomas, Fredrik Olajos, Joanna Gauthier, Göran Englund, Liisi Talas, Isabelle Domaizon, Joanne E. Littlefair, Charlotte Clarke, Eric Capo, Anan Ibrahim, Eske Willerslev, Didier Debroas, Johan Rydberg, Y. L. Wang, Fabien Arnaud, Trisha L. Spanbauer, Peter D. Heintzman, Pierre Taberlet, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Dilli Prasad Rijal, Charline Giguet-Covex, Richard Bindler, Laura Parducci, Alexandra Rouillard, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Veljo Kisand, Heike Zimmermann, Christian Bigler, Anne van Woerkom, William D. Orsi, Erwan Messager, Umeå University, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Uppsala University, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80331 Munich, GeoBio-CenterLMU, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Institute of Arctic Alpine Research [University of Colorado Boulder] (INSTAAR), University of Colorado [Boulder], Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Department of Environmental Science and Policy [Milano], Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Biology [Concordia], Concordia University [Montreal], Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie et en environnement aquatique - GRIL (Montréal, Canada), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Department of Biology [McGill University], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH POTSDAM DEU, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institute of Mathematics, University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Institute for Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany, University of Tartu, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Department of Environmental Sciences and Lake Erie Center, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Western Australia Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, the Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR), Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Limnological Institute, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation2016.0083Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development FormasFR-2016/0005Research Council of NorwayEuropean Commission250963/F20German Research Foundation (DFG)OR 417/1-1VU 94/1-1E, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Department of Geosciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Section for Geogenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Department of Ecology and Genetics, the Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, The Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9010 Tromsø, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, University of Potsdam, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Willerslev, Eske [0000-0002-7081-6748], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Earth science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, lake sediments, Sedimentary DNA, lcsh:GN281-289, Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser, Aquatic biota, 01 natural sciences, Paleolimnology, paleoecology, Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources, sedimentary ancient DNA, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), ddc:550, lcsh:QE640-699, biodiversity, 0303 health sciences, paleolimnology, Paleogenetics, Lake sediments, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450::Stratigraphy and paleontology: 461, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Human evolution, ancient DNA, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Sedimentologi: 456, sedimentary DNA, paleogenetics, paleogenomics, metabarcoding, metagenomics, 010603 evolutionary biology, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:Stratigraphy, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450::Sedimentology: 456, ddc:570, 030304 developmental biology, Earth-Surface Processes, Sedimentary ancient DNA, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Stratigrafi og paleontologi: 461, Geokemi, Ancient DNA, Geochemistry, Paleogenomics, Metagenomics, Paleoecology, Metabarcoding, Environmental science, Sedimentary rock
Abstract: International audience; The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field in paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain in this field and there is therefore still research to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the sedimentary DNA signal. Building on the most recent literature and seven original case studies, we synthesize the state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation of DNA inventories from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based on current knowledge and best practises.
Published: 2021
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44. Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties

Author: Phillips, Helen R. P., Bach, Elizabeth M., Bartz, Marie L. C., Bennett, Joanne M., Beugnon, Rémy, Briones, Maria J. I., Brown, George G., Ferlian, Olga, Gongalsky, Konstantin B., Guerra, Carlos A., König-Ries, Birgitta, Krebs, Julia J., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Ramirez, Kelly S., Russell, David J., Schwarz, Benjamin, Wall, Diana H., Brose, Ulrich, Decaëns, Thibaud, Lavelle, Patrick, Loreau, Michel, Mathieu, Jérôme, Mulder, Christian, van der Putten, Wim H., Rillig, Matthias C., Thakur, Madhav P., de Vries, Franciska T., Wardle, David A., Ammer, Christian, Ammer, Sabine, Arai, Miwa, Ayuke, Fredrick O., Baker, Geoff H., Baretta, Dilmar, Barkusky, Dietmar, Beauséjour, Robin, Bedano, Jose C., Birkhofer, Klaus, Blanchart, Eric, Blossey, Bernd, Bolger, Thomas, Bradley, Robert L., Brossard, Michel, Burtis, James C., Capowiez, Yvan, Cavagnaro, Timothy R., Choi, Amy, Clause, Julia, Cluzeau, Daniel, Coors, Anja, Crotty, Felicity V., Crumsey, Jasmine M., Dávalos, Andrea, Cosín, Darío J. Díaz, Dobson, Annise M., Domínguez, Anahí, Duhour, Andrés Esteban, van Eekeren, Nick, Emmerling, Christoph, Falco, Liliana B., Fernández, Rosa, Fonte, Steven J., Fragoso, Carlos, Franco, André L. C., Fusilero, Abegail, Geraskina, Anna P., Gholami, Shaieste, González, Grizelle, Gundale, Michael J., López, Mónica Gutiérrez, Hackenberger, Branimir K., Hackenberger, Davorka K., Hernández, Luis M., Hirth, Jeff R., Hishi, Takuo, Holdsworth, Andrew R., Holmstrup, Martin, Hopfensperger, Kristine N., Lwanga, Esperanza Huerta, Huhta, Veikko, Hurisso, Tunsisa T., Iannone III, Basil V., Iordache, Madalina, Irmler, Ulrich, Ivask, Mari, Jesús, Juan B., Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L., Joschko, Monika, Kaneko, Nobuhiro, Kanianska, Radoslava, Keith, Aidan M., Kernecker, Maria L., Koné, Armand W., Kooch, Yahya, Kukkonen, Sanna T., Lalthanzara, H., Lammel, Daniel R., Lebedev, Iurii M., Le Cadre, Edith, Lincoln, Noa K., López-Hernández, Danilo, Loss, Scott R., Marichal, Raphael, Matula, Radim, Minamiya, Yukio, Moos, Jan Hendrik, Moreno, Gerardo, Morón-Ríos, Alejandro, Motohiro, Hasegawa, Muys, Bart, Neirynck, Johan, Norgrove, Lindsey, Novo, Marta, Nuutinen, Visa, Nuzzo, Victoria, Mujeeb Rahman, P., Pansu, Johan, Paudel, Shishir, Pérès, Guénola, Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo, Ponge, Jean-François, Prietzel, Jörg, Rapoport, Irina B., Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Rebollo, Salvador, Rodríguez, Miguel Á., Roth, Alexander M., Rousseau, Guillaume X., Rozen, Anna, Sayad, Ehsan, van Schaik, Loes, Scharenbroch, Bryant, Schirrmann, Michael, Schmidt, Olaf, Schröder, Boris, Seeber, Julia, Shashkov, Maxim P., Singh, Jaswinder, Smith, Sandy M., Steinwandter, Michael, Szlavecz, Katalin, Talavera, José Antonio, Trigo, Dolores, Tsukamoto, Jiro, Uribe-López, Sheila, de Valença, Anne W., Virto, Iñigo, Wackett, Adrian A., Warren, Matthew W., Webster, Emily R., Wehr, Nathaniel H., Whalen, Joann K., Wironen, Michael B., Wolters, Volkmar, Wu, Pengfei, Zenkova, Irina V., Zhang, Weixin, Cameron, Erin K., Eisenhauer, Nico, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig University, Saint Mary's University [Halifax], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University of Canberra, Universidade de Vigo, Embrapa Forestry, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Department of Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Catania [Italy], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), University of Nairobi (UoN), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Cornell University [New York], University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Adelaide, University of Toronto, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Aberystwyth University, Royal Agricultural University (RAU), University of Georgia [USA], State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Yale University [New Haven], Universidad Nacional de Luján [Buenos Aires], Louis Bolk Institute (LBI), Trier University, Animal Biodiversity and Evolution, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (IBE), Department of Soil and Crop Sciences [Fort Collins], Biodiversity and Systematic Network, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Department of Biological Science and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines - Mindanao, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering - Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity (RAS), Razi University of Kermanshah, USDA Forest Service, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Agriculture engineering, Agroecology Postgraduate Program, Maranhão State University, Agriculture Victoria (AgriBio), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Department of Bioscience [Aarhus], Northern Kentucky University, Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Soil Physics and Land Management Group, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), College of Agriculture, Environmental and Human Sciences, Lincoln University of Missouri, School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (USAMVBT), Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Matej Bel University (UMB), UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences [Tarbiat], Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology [Moscow] (Skoltech), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Tochigi Prefectural Museum, Thuenen-Institute of Biodiversity, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, University of Extremadura, INDEHESA, Forestry School, Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Doshisha University [Kyoto], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven-Heverlee], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), Natural Area Consultants, Department of Zoology, PSMO College, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (CSIRO-MAR), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens (PHIPPS), Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Forest Ecology and Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Geobotany, Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories, Russian Academy of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, Global Change Ecology and Evolution Research Groupp (GloCEE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, Federal University of Maranhão, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, The Morton Arboretum, Department Engineering for Crop Production, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD School of Geography, UCD Earth Institute, University College, Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Institute of Geoecology, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Institute for Alpine Environment, European Academy of Bozen-Bolzano (EURAC), Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, RAS, Institute of Mathematical Problems in Biology (IMPB RAS), Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Kochi University, Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Nanotechnology Engineering, Multidisciplinary Academic Division of Jalpa de Méndez, Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Earth Innovation Institute, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaii, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Natural resource sciences, The Nature Conservancy, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Southwest Minzu University [Chengdu], Institute of Industrial Ecology Problems of the North of the Kola Science Center of RAS, Henan Agricultural University, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, H.R.P.P., B.K-R., and the sWorm workshops were supported by the sDiv [Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118)]. H.R.P.P., O.F. and N.E. acknowledge funding by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232 to NE). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.), the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01LO0901A) (D.J.R.), ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.), the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L), and the BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship to F.T.d.V. (BB/L02456X/1). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-a, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245, 19-04-00-609-a), Tarbiat Modares University, Aurora Organic Dairy, UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391), Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12), Science for Global Development through Wageningen University, Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Sao Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8), Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0), Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8), University of Hawai'i at Manoa (HAW01127H, HAW01123M), European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171, ROUTES 265156), U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047), Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542), Maranhao State Research Foundation (FAPEMA 03135/13, 02471/17), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES 3281/2013), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033), Colorado Wheat Research Foundation, Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-0020, ANR-09-STRA-0002, ANR 06 BIODIV 0009), Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441), Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main, Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606), SEPAQ, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061), University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry), National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve, NKU College of Arts & Sciences Grant, osterreichische Forschungsforderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426), Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck, Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala, UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland, Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520), GRDC, AWI, LWRRDC, DRDC, CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Lujan y FONCyT (PICT 2293 (2006)), Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Quebec (131894), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, & SCHA 1719/1-2), CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316), NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932, LTER Program DEB-97-14835), Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Dean's Scholar Program at UIC, Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund, J.E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy, The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Depaul University, Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences, Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161, REN2000-0783/GLO, REN2003-05553/GLO, REN2003-03989/GLO, CGL2007-60661/BOS), Yokohama National University, MEXT KAKENHI (25220104), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026), ADEME (0775C0035), Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P), Syngenta Philippines, UPSTREAM, LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal), Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607), National Science & Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306), McKnight Foundation (14-168), Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AAAA-A18-118021490070-5), Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 310690/2017-0, 404191/2019-3, 307486/2013-3), French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (Project No B62), INRA AIDY project, MIUR PRIN 2008, Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, Estonian Science Foundation, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Canada, Russian Science Foundation (16-17-10284), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371270), Australian Research Council (FT120100463), USDA Forest Service-IITF. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL., ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), ANR-11-BSV7-0020,METABAR,Metacode-barre ADN pour une nouvelle génération de suivi de la biodiversité(2011), ANR-09-STRA-0002,FORGECO,Du diagnostic à l'action: créer les conditions d'une gestion integrée et viable des écosystèmes forestiers sur les territoires(2009), ANR-06-BDIV-0009,AMAZ_BD,Biodiversité des paysages amazoniens. Déterminants socio-économiques et productio de biens et services écosystèmiques(2006), European Project: 677232,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,ECOWORM(2016), European Project: 323020,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-ADG_20120314,SPECIALS(2013), European Project: 265171,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,FUNDIVEUROPE(2010), European Project: 265156,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2010,ROUTES(2011), European Project: ERC-2015-AdG 694368, European Project: 227161,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2008-2B,BIOBIO(2009), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Natural Resources & The Environment [CALS], College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], Department of Entomology [CALS], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Kyushu University, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. ISFOOD - Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ciencias, Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Zientziak Saila, Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative and School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Universidade Positivo, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, Department of Soil Zoology, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, Department of Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture (RICA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), UCD School of Biology & Environmental Science, UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aberystwyth University, Odum School of Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Cortland, Yale School Forestry & Environment Studies, Ciencias Básicas, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable -INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Tarbiat Modaras University, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Animal Biology (Zoology area), Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, University of California, Justus-Liebig-University [Gießen, Germany], University of Helsinki, HELEN R. P. PHILLIPS, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, ERIN K. CAMERON, Saint Mary’s University, NICO EISENHAUER, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig University., Wageningen University, JOSÉ ANTONIO TALAVERA, University of La Laguna, DOLORES TRIGO, University Complutense of Madrid, JIRO TSUKAMOTO, Kochi University, SHEILA URIBE-LÓPEZ, Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco, ANNE W. DE VALENÇA, Unit Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, IÑIGO VIRTO, Universidad Pública de Navarra, ADRIAN A. WACKETT, University of Minnesota, MATTHEW W. WARREN, Earth Innovation Institute, WEIXIN ZHANG, Henan University, DANIEL CLUZEAU, Université de Rennes, ANJA COORS, ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, FELICITY V. CROTTY, Aberystwyth Universtiy, Royal Agricultural University, JASMINE M. CRUMSEY, University of Georgia, Saint Marys University, ELIZABETH M. BACH, Colorado State University, MARIE L. C. BARTZ, Universidade Positivo, University of Coimbra, JOANNE M. BENNETT, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, RÉMY BEUGNON, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, MARIA J. I. BRIONES, Universidad de Vigo, GEORGE GARDNER BROWN, CNPF, OLGA FERLIAN, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, KONSTANTIN B. GONGALSKY, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, CARLOS A. GUERRA, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, BIRGITTA KÖNIG-RIES, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Friedrich Schiller University, JULIA J. KREBS, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, ALBERTO ORGIAZZI, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, KELLY S. RAMIREZ, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, DAVID J. RUSSELL, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, BENJAMIN SCHWARZ, University of Freiburg, DIANA H. WALL, Colorado State University, ULRICH BROSE, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, THIBAUD DECAËNS, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier, PATRICK LAVELLE, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement, MICHEL LOREAU, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, JÉRÔME MATHIEU, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris, CHRISTIAN MULDER, University of Catania, WIM H. VAN DER PUTTEN, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, MATTHIAS C. RILLIG, Freie Universität Berlin, MADHAV P. THAKUR, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, FRANCISKA T. DE VRIES, University of Amsterdam, DAVID A. WARDLE, Nanyang Technological University, CHRISTIAN AMMER, University of Göttingen, SABINE AMMER, University of Göttingen, MIWA ARAI, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, FREDRICK O. AYUKE, University of Nairobi, Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture, GEOFF H. BAKER, Health & Biosecurity, DILMAR BARETTA, Santa Catarina State University, DIETMAR BARKUSKY, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, ROBIN BEAUSÉJOUR, Université de Sherbrooke, JOSE C. BEDANO, National University of Rio Cuarto, KLAUS BIRKHOFER, Brandenburg University of Technology, ERIC BLANCHART, Institut Agro, BERND BLOSSEY, Cornell University, THOMAS BOLGER, University College Dublin, ROBERT L. BRADLEY, Université de Sherbrooke, MICHEL BROSSARD, Institut Agro, JAMES C. BURTIS, Cornell University, YVAN CAPOWIEZ, Site Agroparc, TIMOTHY R. CAVAGNARO, The University of Adelaide, AMY CHOI, University of Toronto, JULIA CLAUSE, Université de Poitiers, ANDREA DÁVALOS, SUNY Cortland, DARÍO J. DÍAZ COSÍN, University Complutense of Madrid, ANNISE M. DOBSON, Yale University, ANAHÍ DOMÍNGUEZ, National University of Rio Cuarto, ANDRÉS ESTEBAN DUHOUR, Universidad Nacional de Luján, NICK VAN EEKEREN, Louis Bolk Institute, CHRISTOPH EMMERLING, University of Trier, LILIANA B. FALCO, Universidad Nacional de Luján, ROSA FERNÁNDEZ, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, STEVEN J. FONTE, Colorado State University, CARLOS FRAGOSO, Institute of Ecology A.C., ANDRÉ L. C. FRANCO, Colorado State University, ABEGAIL FUSILERO, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Ghent University, ANNA P. GERASKINA, Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity RAS, SHAIESTE GHOLAMI, Razi University, GRIZELLE GONZÁLEZ, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, MICHAEL J. GUNDALE, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, MÓNICA GUTIÉRREZ LÓPEZ, University Complutense of Madrid, BRANIMIR K. HACKENBERGER, University of Osijek, DAVORKA K. HACKENBERGER, University of Osijek, LUIS M. HERNÁNDEZ, Maranhão State University, JEFF R. HIRTH, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria, TAKUO HISHI, Kyushu University, ANDREW R. HOLDSWORTH, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, MARTIN HOLMSTRUP, Aarhus University, KRISTINE N. HOPFENSPERGER, Northern Kentucky University, ESPERANZA HUERTA LWANGA, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Wageningen University & Research, VEIKKO HUHTA, University of Jyväskylä, TUNSISA T. HURISSO, Colorado State University, Lincoln University of Missouri, BASIL V. IANNONE III, University of Florida, MADALINA IORDACHE, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat 'King Michael the 1st of Romania', ULRICH IRMLER, University of Kiel, MARI IVASK, Tallinn University of Technology, JUAN B. JESÚS, University Complutense of Madrid, JODI L. JOHNSON-MAYNARD, University of Idaho, MONIKA JOSCHKO, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, NOBUHIRO KANEKO, Fukushima University, RADOSLAVA KANIANSKA, Matej Bel University, AIDAN M. KEITH, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, MARIA L. KERNECKER, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, ARMAND W. KONÉ, Université Nangui Abrogoua, YAHYA KOOCH, Tarbiat Modares University, SANNA T. KUKKONEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, H. LALTHANZARA, Pachhunga University College, DANIEL R. LAMMEL, Freie Universität Berlin, IURII M. LEBEDEV, Russian Academy of Sciences, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, EDITH LE CADRE, Institut Agro, NOA K. LINCOLN, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, DANILO LÓPEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, Universidad Central de Venezuela, SCOTT R. LOSS, Oklahoma State University, RAPHAEL MARICHAL, Univ Montpellier, RADIM MATULA, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, YUKIO MINAMIYA, Tochigi Prefectural Museum, JAN HENDRIK MOOS, Thuenen-Institute of Biodiversity, GERARDO MORENO, University of Extremadura, ALEJANDRO MORÓN-RÍOS, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, HASEGAWA MOTOHIRO, Doshisha University, BART MUYS, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, JOHAN NEIRYNCK, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, LINDSEY NORGROVE, Bern University of Applied Sciences, MARTA NOVO, University Complutense of Madrid, VISA NUUTINEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, VICTORIA NUZZO, Natural Area Consultants, P. MUJEEB RAHMAN, PSMO College, JOHAN PANSU, CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere, Sorbonne Université, SHISHIR PAUDEL, Oklahoma State University, Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens, GUÉNOLA PÉRÈS, CNRS-Université de Rennes, Institut Agro, LORENZO PÉREZ CAMACHO, University of Alcalá, JEAN-FRANÇOIS PONGE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, JÖRG PRIETZEL, Technical University of Munich, IRINA B. RAPOPORT, Russian Academy of Sciences, MUHAMMAD IMTIAZ RASHID, King Abdulaziz University, SALVADOR REBOLLO, University of Alcalá, MIGUEL Á. RODRÍGUEZ, University of Alcalá, ALEXANDER M. ROTH, University of Minnesot, Friends of the Mississippi River, GUILLAUME X. ROUSSEAU, Maranhão State University, Federal University of Maranhão, ANNA ROZEN, University of Wisconsin, EHSAN SAYAD, Razi University, LOES VAN SCHAIK, Wageningen University & Research, BRYANT SCHARENBROCH, University of Wisconsin, MICHAEL SCHIRRMANN, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, OLAF SCHMIDT, University College Dublin, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, BORIS SCHRÖDER, Technische Universität Braunschweig, JULIA SEEBER, University of Innsbruck, MAXIM P. SHASHKOV, Russian Academy of Sciences, JASWINDER SINGH, Khalsa College Amritsar, SANDY M. SMITH, University of Toronto, MICHAEL STEINWANDTER, Institute for Alpine Environment, KATALIN SZLAVECZ, Johns Hopkins University, EMILY R. WEBSTER, University of California, NATHANIEL H. WEHR, University of Hawaii, JOANN K. WHALEN, Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, MICHAEL B. WIRONEN, The Nature Conservancy, VOLKMAR WOLTERS, Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University, PENGFEI WU, Southwest Minzu University, IRINA V. ZENKOVA, Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), and Technical University of Munich (TUM)
Subjects: Data Descriptor, Distribuição Geográfica, Plan_S-Compliant-OA, Soil, Biomass, biodiversity, Diversity, Ecology, Biodiversidade, Biodiversity, eliöyhteisöt, maaperäeliöstö, PE&RC, Computer Science Applications, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Biogeography, international, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, Ecosystem engineers, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, lierot, Science, Invertebrados, Library and Information Sciences, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Ecology and Environment, Education, eliömaantiede, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Minhoca, Serviço ambiental, BIODIVERSITY CHANGE, Life Science, Ecosystem services, Earthworms, Datasets, Animals, Spatial distribution, Community ecology, Oligochaeta, Laboratorium voor Nematologie, Ecosystem, 1172 Environmental sciences, biogeography, Science & Technology, LAND-USE, Biology and Life Sciences, PLATFORM, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, Ecología, Ecossistema, biodiversiteetti, Soil Physics and Land Management, Solo, Biologia do Solo, maaperäeläimistö, 570 Life sciences, biology, eartworm, abundance, biomass, diversity, Laboratory of Nematology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, COMMUNITIES, community ecology
Abstract: Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change., Measurement(s) earthworm communities • Abundance • organic material • Diversity • environmental properties Technology Type(s) digital curation Factor Type(s) location Sample Characteristic - Organism Lumbricina Sample Characteristic - Environment soil Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13399118
Published: 2021
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45. Jasmonate inhibits adventitious root initiation through repression of CKX1 and activation of RAP2.6L transcription factor in Arabidopsis

Author: Catherine Bellini, Ondřej Novák, Asma Dob, Abdellah Lakehal, Umea Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swedish Research Council 2020-06430, VINNOVA the Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Carl Tryggers Stiftelse, Kempestiftelserna, Ministerstvo skolstvi, mladeze a telovychovy CZ. 02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827, and Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 19-00973S
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, vegetative propagation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Organogenesis, Cyclopentanes, Plant Science, eXtra Botany, Plant Roots, Insights, 01 natural sciences, RAP2.6L, cytokinin, 03 medical and health sciences, Downregulation and upregulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Oxylipins, Jasmonate, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Psychological repression, Transcription factor, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Adventitious root, biology, Arabidopsis Proteins, AcademicSubjects/SCI01210, Botany, Botanik, biology.organism_classification, Adventitious roots, jasmonate, Cell biology, respiratory tract diseases, cytokinins, MYC2, CKX1, light, Reprogramming, Transcription Factors, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Adventitious rooting is a de novo organogenesis process that enables plants to propagate clonally and cope with environmental stresses. Adventitious root initiation (ARI) is controlled by interconnected transcriptional and hormonal networks, but there is little knowledge of the genetic and molecular programs orchestrating these networks. Thus, we have applied genome-wide transcriptome profiling to elucidate the transcriptional reprogramming events preceding ARI. These reprogramming events are associated with the down-regulation of cytokinin (CK) signaling and response genes, which could be triggers for ARI. Interestingly, we found that CK free base (iP, tZ, cZ, and DHZ) content declined during ARI, due to down-regulation of de novo CK biosynthesis and up-regulation of CK inactivation pathways. We also found that MYC2-dependent jasmonate (JA) signaling inhibits ARI by down-regulating the expression of the CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE1 (CKX1) gene. We also demonstrated that JA and CK synergistically activate expression of the transcription factor RELATED to APETALA2.6 LIKE (RAP2.6L), and constitutive expression of this transcription factor strongly inhibits ARI. Collectively, our findings reveal that previously unknown genetic interactions between JA and CK play key roles in ARI.
Published: 2021
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46. Multi-model evaluation of phenology prediction for wheat in Australia

Author: Elisabet Lewan, Xenia Specka, Arne Poyda, Bernardo Maestrini, Liujun Xiao, Amir Souissi, Sabine J. Seidel, Roberto Ferrise, G. Padovan, Steven Hoek, Tobias K. D. Weber, Thilo Streck, Mingxia Huang, Qunying Luo, Niels Schütze, Jørgen E. Olesen, Samuel Buis, Qi Jing, Budong Qian, Yan Zhu, Marie Launay, Allard de Wit, Thomas Wöhling, Sebastian Gayler, Fety Andrianasolo, Eckart Priesack, Bruno Basso, Senthold Asseng, Benjamin Dumont, Heidi Horan, Eric Justes, Thomas Gaiser, Mohamed Jabloun, Giacomo Trombi, Santosh Hiremath, Lutz Weihermüller, Daniel Wallach, Jing Wang, Zvi Hochman, Taru Palosuo, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Marco Moriondo, Vakhtang Shelia, Peter J. Thorburn, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Evelyn Wallor, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Johannes Wilhelmus Maria Pullens, Neil M.J. Crout, Chuang Zhao, Per-Erik Jansson, Tommaso Stella, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), ARVALIS - Institut du Végétal [Boigneville], ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ABE), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, DEPARTMENT OF EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Université de Liège - Gembloux, Department Terra & AgroBioChem, Gembloux Agro‐Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Bonn, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Soil Biology Section, Aalto University School of Science and Technology [Aalto, Finland], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Food Systems Institute [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), China Agriculture University [Beijing], College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University (CAU), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), Ottawa Research and Development Center, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Global Change Research Institute (CAS), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Hillridge Technology Pty Ltd, Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark, Kiel University, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Partenaires INRAE, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie (INRAT), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Lincoln Agritech Ltd, Nanjing Agricultural University, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricutural University, This work was in part supported by the Collaborative Research Center 1253 CAMPOS (Project 7: Stochastic Modelling Framework), funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, Grant Agreement SFB 1253/1 2017), the Academy of Finland through projects AI-CropPro (316172 and 315896) and DivCSA (316215) and Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) through a strategic project BoostIA, the BonaRes projects 'Soil3' (BOMA 03037514) and 'I4S' (031B0513I) of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Germany, the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2070 -390732324, the project BiomassWeb of the GlobeE programme (Grant number: FKZ031A258B) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Germany), the EU funded SustEs project (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797), the INRAE ACCAF metaprogramme, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of the funding measure 'Soil as a Sustainable Resource for the Bioeconomy -BonaRes', project 'BonaRes (Module B): BonaRes Centre for Soil Research, subproject B' (grant 031B0511B), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0300205), the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (31725020), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the 111 project (B16026), and China Scholarship Council, the Agriculture and AgriFood Canada's Project 1387 under the Canadian Agricultural Partnership, the DFG Research Unit FOR 1695 `Agricultural Landscapes under Global Climate Change -Processes and Feedbacks on a Regional Scale, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Institute of Food and Agriculture (award no. 2015-68007-23133) and USDA/NIFA HATCH grant N. MCL02368, the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300105), The Broadacre Agriculture Initiative, a research partnership between University of Southern Queensland and the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, the JPI FACCE MACSUR2 project, funded by the Italian Ministry for Agricultural, Food, and Forestry Policies (D.M. 24064/7303/15 of 26/Nov/2015). The field work was jointly funded by CSIRO and the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) under the 'Adding Value to GRDC's National Variety Trial Network' project (CSA00027). The order in which the donors are listed is arbitrary., INRAE, Luke Natural Resources Institute Finland, CSIRO, Arvalis Institut du Végétal, University of Florida, Michigan State University, University of Nottingham, University of Liege, University of Florence, Department of Computer Science, Wageningen University and Research Centre, China Agricultural University, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Aarhus University, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Technische Universität Dresden, University of Carthage, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Calibration (statistics), Structure uncertainty, 01 natural sciences, F01 - Culture des plantes, Aardobservatie en omgevingsinformatica, Statistics, Range (statistics), ddc:550, Evaluation, Applied Ecology, Triticum, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Phenology, Toegepaste Ecologie, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Australia, Parameter Uncertainty, Structure Uncertainty, Wheat, technique de prévision, PE&RC, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Incertitude, Phénologie, Earth Observation and Environmental Informatics, F40 - Écologie végétale, Parameter uncertainty, Benchmark (surveying), Baseline (configuration management), Selection (genetic algorithm), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Modélisation des cultures, cultivar selection [EN], Global change, 15. Life on land, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Stage (hydrology), Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Predicting wheat phenology is important for cultivar selection, for effective crop management and provides a baseline for evaluating the effects of global change. Evaluating how well crop phenology can be predicted is therefore of major interest. Twenty-eight wheat modeling groups participated in this evaluation. Model predictions depend not only on model structure but also on the parameter values. This study is thus an evaluation of modeling groups, which choose the structure and fix or estimate the parameters, rather than an evaluation just of model structures. Our target population was wheat fields in the major wheat growing regions of Australia under current climatic conditions and with current local management practices. The environments used for calibration and for evaluation were both sampled from this same target population. The calibration and evaluation environments had neither sites nor years in common, so this is a rigorous evaluation of the ability of modeling groups to predict phenology for new sites and weather conditions. Mean absolute error (MAE) for the evaluation environments, averaged over predictions of three phenological stages and over modeling groups, was 9 days, with a range from 6 to 20 days. Predictions using the multi-modeling group mean and median had prediction errors nearly as small as the best modeling group. For a given modeling group, MAE for the evaluation environments was significantly correlated with MAE for the calibration environments, which suggests that it would be of interest to test ensemble predictors that weight individual modeling groups based on performance for the calibration data. About two thirds of the modeling groups performed better than a simple but relevant benchmark, which predicts phenology by assuming a constant temperature sum for each development stage. The added complexity of crop models beyond just the effect of temperature was thus justified in most cases. Finally, there was substantial variability between modeling groups using the same model structure, which implies that model improvement could be achieved not only by improving model structure, but also by improving parameter values, and in particular by improving calibration techniques.
Published: 2021
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47. Enteric methane mitigation strategies for ruminant livestock systems in the Latin America and Caribbean region: a meta-analysis

Author: Paulo Henrique Mazza Rodrigues, Jaime Ricardo Rosero-Noguera, Fábio Luis Henrique, André Bannink, Marcos Inácio Marcondes, Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero, Laura Bibiana Gualdrón-Duarte, Medardo Antonio Díaz Céspedes, Laura Astigarraga, María Paz Tieri, Víctor Ilich Alvarado Bolovich, Alexander N. Hristov, Xiomara Gaviria-Uribe, Telma Teresinha Berchielli, Adibe Luiz Abdalla, María Fernanda Vázquez-Carrillo, Roberto Soto-Blanco, Ana Luiza Costa Cruz Borges, F.A.S. Silva, Olga Lucía Mayorga Mogollón, Mohammed Benaouda, José Gere, L. S. Sakamoto, Thierry Ribeiro Tomich, Sandra Lucía Posada-Ochoa, Alda Lúcia Gomes Monteiro, Jacobo Arango, Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira, María Esperanza Cerón-Cucchi, Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque, Luiza Ilha Borges, Patrícia Perondi Anchão Oliveira, Octavio Alonso Castelán-Ortega, Sebastiao de Campos Valadares-Filho, Rafael Jiménez-Ocampo, Andrea Milena Sierra-Alarcón, Alexandre Berndt, Ricardo Reis e Silva, Sergio Abarca-Monge, Adibe Luiz Abdalla-Filho, Luis Alfonso Giraldo Valderrama, Ana Cláudia Ruggieri, Lorena Inés Mestra-Vargas, Carlos Alfredo Gómez-Bravo, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho, Maria Eugênia Zerlotti Mercadante, Gustavo Jaurena, Abmael da Silva Cardoso, Rogério Martins Maurício, Juan Carlos Ku-Vera, Guilhermo Francklin de Souza Congio, Fernanda Samarini Machado, Ricardo Andrade Reis, Diego Zanetti, M. B. Chiavegato, María Paula Juliarena, Patricia Ricci, Sila Carneiro da Silva, Jusiane Rossetto, Ever del Jesus Flores-Santiago, Mariana Magalhães Campos, Flávio Perna Júnior, Tainá Silvestre Moreira, Claudia Janeth Ariza-Nieto, Jean Victor Savian, Helena Ferreira Lage, Juliana Duarte Messana, Banira Lombardi, Camila Muñoz, Rolando Barahona-Rosales, Henrique Mendonça Nunes Ribeiro-Filho, Olegario Hernández, Abimael Ortiz-Chura, João Paulo Pacheco Rodrigues, Horacio Leandro Gonda, Tibaitatá, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Wageningen University & Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, National Technological University (UTN), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) (INTA–CONICET), Dairy Value Chain Research Institute (IDICAL) (INTA–CONICET), UTN, INTA, National University of the Centre of the Buenos Aires Province (UNCPBA), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Associated Colleges of Uberaba (FAZU), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), São Paulo Agribusiness Technology Agency (APTA), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) Treinta y Tres, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará (UNIFESSPA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Newton Paiva University, The Ohio State University, Science and Technology of Southern Minas Gerais, INIA Remehue, Turipaná, National Agrarian University La Molina (UNALM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL), International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), University of Antioquia (UdeA), National Institute of Innovation and Agricultural Technology Transfer (INTA), University of Yucatan (UADY), Experimental Field Valle del Guadiana, South-Southeast Regional Unit (URUSSE), Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), and Environment (INRAE), AgroSup Dijon, University of the Republic of Uruguay (UdelaR), GUILHERMO FRANCKLIN DE SOUZA CONGIO, USP, ANDRÉ BANNINK, Wageningen University & Research, OLGA LUCÍA MAYORGA MOGOLLÓN, AGROSAVIA, GUSTAVO JAURENA, Universidade de Buenos Aires, HORACIO GONDA, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, JOSÉ IGNACIO GERE, National Technological University, Argentina / National Scientific and Technical Research Council, MARÍA ESPERANZA CERÓN-CUCCHI, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, ABIMAEL ORTIZ-CHURA, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, MARÍA PAZ TIERI, Dairy Value Chain Research Institute / National Technological University, Argentina, OLEGARIO HERNÁNDEZ, INTA, PATRICIA RICCI, National Scientific and Technical Research Council / INTA, MARÍA PAULA JULIARENA, National Scientific and Technical Research Council / National University of the Centre of the Buenos Aires Province, BANIRA LOMBARDI, National Scientific and Technical Research Council / National University of the Centre of the Buenos Aires Province, ADIBE LUIZ ABDALLA, USP, ADIBE LUIZ ABDALLA-FILHO, USP, ALEXANDRE BERNDT, CPPSE, PATRÍCIA PERONDI ANCHÃO OLIVEIRA, CPPSE, FÁBIO LUIS HENRIQUE, FAZU, ALDA LÚCIA GOMES MONTEIRO, UFPR, LUIZA ILHA BORGES, UFPR, HENRIQUE MENDONÇA NUNES RIBEIRO-FILHO, UDESC, LUIZ GUSTAVO RIBEIRO PEREIRA, CNPGL, THIERRY RIBEIRO TOMICH, CNPGL, MARIANA MAGALHÃES CAMPOS, CNPGL, FERNANDA SAMARINI MACHADO, CNPGL, MARCOS INÁCIO MARCONDES, UFV, MARIA EUGÊNIA ZERLOTTI MERCADANTE, APTA, LEANDRO SANNOMIYA SAKAMOTO, APTA, LUCIA GALVÃO ALBUQUERQUE, UNESP, PAULO CÉSAR DE FACCIO CARVALHO, UFRGS, JUSIANE ROSSETTO, UFRGS, JEAN VÍCTOR SAVIAN, UFRGS / Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Uruguai, PAULO HENRIQUE MAZZA RODRIGUES, USP, FLÁVIO PERNA JÚNIOR, USP, TAINÁ SILVESTRE MOREIRA, Universidade Estadual da Pensilvânia / USP, ROGÉRIO MARTINS MAURÍCIO, UFSJ, JOÃO PAULO PACHECO RODRIGUES, UNIFESSPA, ANA LUIZA DA COSTA CRUZ BORGES, UFMG, RICARDO REIS E SILVA, UFMG, HELENA FERREIRA LAGE, Universidade Newton Paiva, RICARDO ANDRADE REIS, UNESP, ANA CLÁUDIA RUGGIERI, UNESP, ABMAEL DA SILVA CARDOSO, UNESP, SILA CARNEIRO DA SILVA, USP, MARÍLIA BARBOSA CHIAVEGATO, Universidade Estadual de Ohio, SEBASTIÃO DE CAMPOS VALADARES-FILHO, UFV, FLÁVIA ADRIANE DE SALES SILVA, UFV, DIEGO ZANETTI, IFSULDEMINAS, TELMA TERESINHA BERCHIELLI, UNESP, JULIANA DUARTE MESSANA, UNESP, CAMILA MUÑOZ, INIA Remehue, CLAUDIA JANETH ARIZA-NIETO, AGROSAVIA, ANDREA MILENA SIERRA-ALARCÓN, AGROSAVIA, LAURA BIBIANA GUALDRÓN-DUARTE, AGROSAVIA, LORENA INÉS MESTRA-VARGAS, AGROSAVIA, ISABEL CRISTINA MOLINA-BOTERO, Universidade Nacional Agrária La Molina, ROLANDO BARAHONA-ROSALES, Universidade Nacional da Colômbia, JACOBO ARANGO, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), XIOMARA GAVIRIA-URIBE, Universidade Nacional da Colombia / Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), LUIS ALFONSO GIRALDO VALDERRAMA, Universidade Nacional da Colombia, JAIME RICARDO ROSERO-NOGUERA, Universidade de Antioquia, SANDRA LUCÍA POSADA-OCHOA, Universidade de Antioquia, SERGIO ABARCA-MONGE, INTA, ROBERTO SOTO-BLANCO, INTA, JUAN CARLOS KU-VERA, Universidade de Yucatán, RAFAEL JIMÉNEZ-OCAMPO, Universidade de Yucatán / Instituto Nacional de Investigação Florestal, Agrícola e Pecuária (INIFAP), EVER DEL JESUS FLORES-SANTIAGO, Universidade de Yucatán / Universidade Autónoma de Chapingo, OCTAVIO ALONSO CASTELÁN-ORTEGA, Universidade Autónoma do Estado do México, MARÍA FERNANDA VÁZQUEZ-CARRILLO, Universidade Autónoma do Estado do México, MOHAMMED BENAOUDA, French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE) / AgroSup Dijon, CARLOS ALFREDO GÓMEZ-BRAVO, Universidade Nacional Agrária La Molina, VÍCTOR ILICH ALVARADO BOLOVICH, Universidade Nacional Agrária La Molina, MEDARDO ANTONIO DÍAZ CÉSPEDES, Universidade Nacional Agrária La Molina, LAURA ASTIGARRAGA, Universidade da República do Uruguai, and ALEXANDER NIKOLOV HRISTOV, Universidade Estadual da Pensilvânia.
Subjects: Mitigação, Animal breeding, Animal Nutrition, Mitigation, 020209 energy, Strategy and Management, SHEPP, Efeito Estufa, Enteric methane, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Beef cattle, Biology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Animal science, Ruminant, Grazing, Greenhouse gas emissions, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Metano entérico, Aquecimento global, Dairy cattle, 0505 law, General Environmental Science, Bovino, Sheep, Emissões de gases com efeito de estufa, Ovelha, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Global warming, 05 social sciences, Building and Construction, biology.organism_classification, Diervoeding, Metano, Breed, purl.org/becyt/ford/4.2 [https], 050501 criminology, WIAS, Livestock, Cattle, business, Methane, OVINOS, purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https]
Abstract: Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) is a developing region characterized for its importance for global food security, producing 23 and 11% of the global beef and milk production, respectively. The region's ruminant livestock sector however, is under scrutiny on environmental grounds due to its large contribution to enteric methane (CH4) emissions and influence on global climate change. Thus, the identification of effective CH4 mitigation strategies which do not compromise animal performance is urgently needed, especially in context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) defined in the Paris Agreement of the United Nations. Therefore, the objectives of the current study were to: 1) collate a database of individual sheep, beef and dairy cattle records from enteric CH4 emission studies conducted in the LAC region, and 2) perform a meta-analysis to identify feasible enteric CH4 mitigation strategies, which do not compromise animal performance. After outlier's removal, 2745 animal records (65% of the original data) from 103 studies were retained (from 2011 to 2021) in the LAC database. Potential mitigation strategies were classified into three main categories (i.e., animal breeding, dietary, and rumen manipulation) and up to three subcategories, totaling 34 evaluated strategies. A random effects model weighted by inverse variance was used (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V3.3.070). Six strategies decreased at least one enteric CH4 metric and simultaneously increased milk yield (MY; dairy cattle) or average daily gain (ADG; beef cattle and sheep). The breed composition F1 Holstein × Gyr decreased CH4 emission per MY (CH4IMilk) while increasing MY by 99%. Adequate strategies of grazing management under continuous and rotational stocking decreased CH4 emission per ADG (CH4IGain) by 22 and 35%, while increasing ADG by 22 and 71%, respectively. Increased dietary protein concentration, and increased concentrate level through cottonseed meal inclusion, decreased CH4IMilk and CH4IGain by 10 and 20% and increased MY and ADG by 12 and 31%, respectively. Lastly, increased feeding level decreased CH4IGain by 37%, while increasing ADG by 171%. The identified effective mitigation strategies can be adopted by livestock producers according to their specific needs and aid LAC countries in achieving SDG as defined in the Paris Agreement. Fil: Congio, Guilhermo Francklin de Souza. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Brasil. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Colombia Fil: Bannink, André. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos Fil: Mayorga Mogollón, Olga Lucía. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Colombia Fil: Jaurena, Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia. Departamento de Producción Animal. Cátedra de Nutrición Animal; Argentina Fil: Gonda, Horacio Leandro. Uppsala Universitet; Suecia Fil: Gere, José Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria; Argentina Fil: Cerón Cucchi, María Esperanza. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina Fil: Ortiz Chura, Abimael. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Tieri, María Paz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea. - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela. Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea; Argentina Fil: Hernandez, Olegario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucuman-Santiago del Estero; Argentina Fil: Ricci, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible. Grupo Vinculado Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado Al Ipads | Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Innovación Para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible. Grupo Vinculado Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado Al Ipads.; Argentina Fil: Juliarena, María Paula. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Lombardi, Banira. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. - Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Física e Ingeniería del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Abdalla, Adibe Luiz. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Abdalla Filho, Adibe Luiz. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Berndt, Alexandre. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Oliveira, Patrícia Perondi Anchão. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Henrique, Fábio Luis. Colegios Asociados de Uberaba; Brasil Fil: Monteiro, Alda Lúcia Gomes. Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brasil Fil: Borges, Luiza Ilha. Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brasil Fil: Ribeiro Filho, Henrique Mendonça Nunes. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Brasil Fil: Ribeiro Pereira, Luiz Gustavo. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Tomich, Thierry Ribeiro. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Campos, Mariana Magalhães. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Machado, Fernanda Samarini. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasil Fil: Marcondes, Marcos Inácio. Universidade Federal de Viçosa.; Brasil Fil: Mercadante, Maria Eugênia Zerlotti. Agencia de Tecnología Agroindustrial de Sao Paulo; Argentina Fil: Sakamoto, Leandro Sannomiya. Agencia de Tecnología Agroindustrial de Sao Paulo; Argentina Fil: Albuquerque, Lucia Galvão. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil Fil: Hristov, Alexander Nikolov. State University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos. University of Agriculture Wageningen; Países Bajos. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria; Colombia
Published: 2021

48. Wie nehmen Akteure die Nachhaltigkeit und Resilienz der landwirtschaftlichen Systeme in der EU wahr?

Author: Reidsma, Pytrik, Meuwissen, Miranda, Accatino, Francesco, Appel, Franziska, Bardaji, Isabel, Coopmans, Isabeau, Gavrilescu, Camelia, Heinrich, Florian, Krupin, Vitaliy, Manevska‐Tasevska, Gordana, Peneva, Mariya, Rommel, Jens, Severini, Simone, Soriano, Bárbara, Urquhart, Julie, Zawalińska, Katarzyna, Paas, Wim, Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Business Economics, Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks (CEIGRAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Agricultural and Farm Development, Institute for Agricultural, Food and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Division of Bioeconomics, Institute of Agricultural Economics (IAE), Institute of Rural and Agricultural Development, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Agrifood Economic Center, Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Natural Resources Economics, University of National and World Economy [Sofia] (UNWE), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Countryside and Community Research Institute [Cheltenham] (CCRI), University of Gloucestershire [Gloucester], and Plant Production Systems and Business Economics
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, stresses, maintenance of natural resources, Technological innovation, economic viability, stakeholders
Abstract: International audience; An increasing variety of stresses and shocks provides challenges and opportunities for EU farming systems. This article presents findings of a participatory assessment on the sustainability and resilience of eleven EU farming systems, to inform the design of adequate and relevant strategies and policies. According to stakeholders that participated in workshops, the main functions of farming systems are related to food production, economic viability and maintenance of natural resources. Performance of farming systems assessed with regard to these and five other functions was perceived to be moderate. Past strategies were often geared towards making the system more profitable, and to a lesser extent towards coupling production with local and natural resources, social self-organisation, enhancing functional diversity, and facilitating infrastructure for innovation. Overall, the resilience of the studied farming systems was perceived as low to moderate, with robustness and adaptability often dominant over transformability. To allow for transformability, being reasonably profitable and having access to infrastructure for innovation were viewed as essential. To improve sustainability and resilience of EU farming systems, responses to short-term processes should better consider long-term processes. Technological innovation is required, but it should be accompanied with structural, social, agro-ecological and institutional changes.
Published: 2020
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49. A framework for modelling soil structure dynamics induced by biological activity

Author: Astrid Taylor, Claire Chenu, Paul D. Hallett, Anke M. Herrmann, John Koestel, Harry Vereecken, Nicholas Jarvis, Katharina H. E. Meurer, Thomas Keller, Elsa Coucheney, Mats Larsbo, Jennie Barron, Matthew Fielding, David Parsons, Nargish Parvin, Dani Or, Elisabet Lewan, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Stockholm Environment Institute, School of Biological Sciences [Aberdeen], University of Aberdeen, Agroscope, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Skogsmarksgränd, 90183 Umeå, Sweden., Institute of Bio- and Geosciences Agrosphere (IBG-3), Research Center Jülich, Swedish Research Council Formas, and UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water retention curve, Soil biology, Earth science, biological processes, degradation, dynamics, modelling, soil, structure, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Soil retrogression and degradation, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Oligochaeta, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Research Review, Agriculture, Plants, 15. Life on land, Tillage, Soil structure, 13. Climate action, Erosion, Environmental science, Soil horizon, Bioturbation
Abstract: Soil degradation is a worsening global phenomenon driven by socio‐economic pressures, poor land management practices and climate change. A deterioration of soil structure at timescales ranging from seconds to centuries is implicated in most forms of soil degradation including the depletion of nutrients and organic matter, erosion and compaction. New soil–crop models that could account for soil structure dynamics at decadal to centennial timescales would provide insights into the relative importance of the various underlying physical (e.g. tillage, traffic compaction, swell/shrink and freeze/thaw) and biological (e.g. plant root growth, soil microbial and faunal activity) mechanisms, their impacts on soil hydrological processes and plant growth, as well as the relevant timescales of soil degradation and recovery. However, the development of such a model remains a challenge due to the enormous complexity of the interactions in the soil–plant system. In this paper, we focus on the impacts of biological processes on soil structure dynamics, especially the growth of plant roots and the activity of soil fauna and microorganisms. We first define what we mean by soil structure and then review current understanding of how these biological agents impact soil structure. We then develop a new framework for modelling soil structure dynamics, which is designed to be compatible with soil–crop models that operate at the soil profile scale and for long temporal scales (i.e. decades, centuries). We illustrate the modelling concept with a case study on the role of root growth and earthworm bioturbation in restoring the structure of a severely compacted soil., This photograph, depicting ant bioturbation, was taken at the compaction recovery experiment at Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland. Together with other biological processes, faunal bioturbation profoundly influences soil structure and thus soil physical and hydraulic properties, hydrological processes and plant growth. The parsimonious model concept developed in this paper, which is designed to be compatible with profile‐scale soil–crop models, allows simulation of the effects of biological agents (e.g. plant roots and soil‐living organisms) on soil structure dynamics.
Published: 2020
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50. Mapping geographical areas at risk for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) by analysing bulk tank milk from Swedish dairy cattle herds for the presence of TBE virus-specific antibodies

Author: L. Svensson, Katarina Näslund, Gunilla Blomqvist, Jean-Francois Valarcher, Cécile Beck, Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Department of Disease Control and Epidemiology, Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, Ixodes ricinus, 040301 veterinary sciences, animal diseases, 030231 tropical medicine, Cattle Diseases, Biology, Bulk tank milk, Antibodies, Viral, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, Sentinel dairy cattle herds, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, medicine, Seroprevalence, Bulk tank, Animals, Dairy cattle, Demography, 2. Zero hunger, Sweden, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, General Veterinary, Ixodes, Research, Zoonosis, Tick-borne encephalitis, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Clinical Science, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Tick-borne encephalitis virus, Dairying, Antibody detection, Milk, Herd, lcsh:SF600-1100, Cattle, Female, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne
Abstract: Background The vector-borne human viral zoonosis tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is of growing concern in Sweden. The area where TBE is considered endemic has expanded, with an increasing geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus as the tick vector and a rising number of reported TBE cases in humans. Efforts to map TBE risk areas have been carried out by sentinel monitoring, mainly based on individual sampling and analysis of wild and domestic animals, as well as ticks, for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). However, the interpretation of the geographical distribution has been hampered by the patchy and focal nature of TBEV occurrence. This study presents TBEV surveillance data based on antibody analysis of bulk tank milk collected from dairy herds located throughout Sweden before (May) and after (November) the vector season. A commercial TBEV antibody ELISA was modified and evaluated for use in this study. Results The initial comparative TBEV antibody analysis revealed a good correlation between milk and serum antibody levels from individually sampled cows. Also, the TBEV-antibody levels for the mean-herd serum showed good comparability with TBEV antibody levels from bulk tank milk, thus indicating good predictability of seroprevalence when analysing bulk tank milk from a herd. Analyses of bulk tank milk samples collected from 616 herds in May and 560 herds in November showed a geographical distribution of TBEV seropositive herds that was largely consistent with reported human TBE cases. A few TBEV-reactive herds were also found outside known locations of human TBE cases. Conclusion Serological examination of bulk tank milk from dairy cattle herds may be a useful sentinel surveillance method to identify geographical presence of TBEV. In contrast to individual sampling this method allows a large number of animals to be monitored. TBEV seropositive herds were mainly found in coastal areas of southern Sweden similar to human TBE cases. However, some antibody-reactive herds were found outside known TBE areas at the time of the study.
Published: 2020
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