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he diploma thesis deals with free will, mainly from a historical point of view, specifically from the point of view of Aquinas and Suárez. They are contrasted with Hobbes, who takes a completely different position. In this diploma thesis, it is mainly a comparison of the concepts of free will of Aquinas and Suárez. In the first chapter, free will is discussed in general, in the following chapter, various directions that deal with free will are listed. Other chapters are devoted to Aquinas, Suárez and Hobbes. In the last chapter, the opinions of these authors are compared.

Is free will simply an illusion? Or is it justifiable that we have built on free will our whole human society, including the legal system? For several centuries, there has been a debate in philosophical and theological circles about whether there is a free will or, on the contrary, our life is determined from the very beginning. I would like to contribute to better understanding of free will through my Bachelor Thesis, especially from the point of view of the latest knowledge in psychology. Including history, various philosophical and theological conceptions of this phenomenon, I will deal with an influence of faith in free will on our psyche and happiness in life. With a questionnaire of Free Will and eterminism (FAD Plus), I will examine how faith in free will or determinism affects school success of college students. Keywords Free will, determinism, fatalism, unpredictibility, psychology, college students, belief, grades

This diploma thesis seeks to provide a thorough analysis of the significance and implications of music in the novel A Clockwork Orange and compare it to the role of music in the film adaptation based on this novel. Anthony Burgess, the author of the novel was an English writer and composer, whose work inspired an American film director Stanley Kubrick to make a film adaptation of the novel. The first part of this thesis deals with the life of the author of the novel, focusing mainly on the influence of music on his life. The thesis further explores the relation between music and man, music and literature, and examines the concept of music in general. The crucial part of the thesis analyses the use and function of music in the novel, provides the interpretation of the novel in terms of music and lastly, it compares the concept of music in the novel with the film adaptation.

More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.

This thesis examines the possibilities of linking the interest in a child (a participant in interest education in the field of education of leisure) with the interest in achieving the goals of various leisure education activities, as well as the goals being (co)determined by the child itself. The thesis strives to find the solution in a method in which an activity goal of the child is transformed into a goal of the tutor with the intention of encouraging the child's personal development. The thesis is divided into four chapters.The first chapter deals with educational goals and the goals of leisure education.The following chapter explores the goals of education as set by various pedagogical conceptions and alternative approaches to the isme. The third chapter acquaints the reader with the psychological potential of the target group.The last chapter is dedicated to the growth of child's potential, its ability of free choice and decision making, expressions of creativity, and the "flow" state.

The questions about the origin of evil in the world were often a secondary product of the great philosophical systems. One of the first thinkers to deal with that problem systematically was neoplatonic scholar Plotinus. He developed a theory which he considered to be only a continuation of Plato´s thinking. It became an original theory, which in its core, has influence to this day. This theory was, mostly thanks to St. Augustine, applied to christian theology and became the living doctrine. The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate in what Plotinus´ theory of evil was "christianized" through the hand of Augustin. In other words, how it trasformed from a pagan philosophy to a theological one and how it was preserved for rediscovery in the scholastic era and became a new-again topic of scholastic scholars.

The submitted thesis addresses the ideas that are at the intersections of philosophy and mathematics. These intersections have been in the course of the history as follows: Numerical ratios, the concept of infinity, continuum partition, space specification, determinism versus randomness and exploring of the mathematics foundations with an overlap into philosophy. The results herewith presented have been achieved on the basis of the HTF lectures and seminars, available literature, my own knowledge and reasoning. The thesis documents processes of how mathematics stimulated certain philosophical principles and vice versa how mathematics was influenced by philosophical views. Last but not least, there are presented comparisons between philosophic propositions and the current mathematics and physics knowledge in the mentioned intersections.

This thesis seeks an answer to a question of whether social normative systems, particularly law and morality, are consistent with the most recent scientific and philosophical findings. Those in fact often conclude that the human will is not free and that the human decision- making is only a physiological process governed by the laws of physics. Such findings thus, at a first glance, collide mainly with the concept of responsibility, through which law and morality are implemented. Therefore, the paper begins with a brief introduction of the current state of knowledge concerning free will and presents mainly determinism and indeterminism. The conclusion of the first part called Free Will and Determinism introduces a view of the world, which best suits the current state of knowledge and is further referred to as Physicalism. The second part called Law, Morality, Physicalism, briefly presents law and morality as regulators of human behavior, for which the concept of free will is fundamental. The focus of the thesis then shifts towards the institutions of criminal and civil law, that seem to be threatened by Physicalism the most. However, general consistency of Physicalism and the examined normative concepts is concluded, while it is argued that within the physicalistic view of the world, law and morality...

This thesis "I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go" (Exod 4:21b) deals with the hardening of Pharaoh's heart in the first part of the book of Exodus (Exod 1-15). It seeks to answer the questions of what it means "harden heart", who, when, how and why hardened Pharaoh's heart, what are the implications for Pharaoh (especially whether the Pharaoh could freely change his decision and implement it) and what is God who hardens someone's heart (whether he is not only sovereign and powerful, but also a good, wise and righteous). This thesis includes my own translation, lexical, grammatical, diachronic and synchronic analysis, examination of the text in the context of the Old and New Testament and history of interpretation. Emphasis is placed on the most accurate translation (distinction of three different Hebrew verbs and their semantic nuances, distinction of different verb stems of stative verbs and distinction of description of the condition and change of the condition etc.). The main conclusion of this work is that God not limit Pharaoh's freedom to freely make decisions by "hardening" of his heart, but that he strengthened him that he would be able to freely decide whether to obey the Lord despite increasing pressure of "plagues", and in order to show whether his verbally...

This thesis attempts to reconstruct the stoic notion of human autonomy - of "that, which depends on us" -, which enables stoics to hold the position of universal predetermination, and, simultaneously, to meaningfully develop ethical dimension of their doctrine. Beginning with the definition of the deterministic aspect of the system and its examination, it proceeds with a presentation of stoic theory of action and psychology to the solution of the problem itself as it is preserved in Cicero's De fato and in Noctes Atticae of Aulus Gellius. The thesis demonstrates that the stoic solution does not and even can not use any notion of a free will, and despite of that creates a foundation of an ethical theory which is fully consistent.

The question of free will, determinants of free action and responsibility is one of the most thrilling questions of the mankind. Moreover, the free will problem is closely connected to regulation and hindsight judgement of man behaviour so the law is concerned with the problem as well. However, a legal concept of free will is missing in the Czech law or legal theory. The author is therefore concerned with the fact that there is no satisfactory legal definition of free will even though legal responsibility is impliedly based on free action and free will. The Czech law defines just the freedom of action in negative terms, i.e. as an action of will free from circumstances limiting or precluding legal responsibility. The aim of the thesis is to summarize knowledge of social psychology regarding free will and assess whether the Czech law does impose the right standard of freedom of will in comparison to scientific experiments and findings. Furthermore, there are philosophical theories of free will introduced in the thesis and consequently these theories are questioned and examined for the purpose of defining legal concept of free will. At the end of the psychological part of the thesis one comes to the conclusion that the social determinants such as peer pressure, conformity and obedience to authority...

The thesis describes the relationship between the ancient Gnosticism as we know it from the Nag Hammadi library and as it is described in the works of early church fathers and New Testament. It outlines basic topics similar to all versions of a classical cosmogenic Gnostic myth. The subject of the faith in the resurrection of Jesus Christ and its relationship to the establishing a Church structure is discussed. Another topic is the problem of human free will and that of good and evil and its consequences for human morale. The ways of different understanding to it are presented, based on Old Testament story of Adam and Eve as reffered to in the book of Genesis.