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Ursprungligen utgiven på engelska 2013: From Vision to lesson: Education for sustainable development in practise

Polyurethane foam (PUF) disk passive samplers were deployed at one inland and two island locations in the Bothnian Bay region of the northern Baltic Sea. Uptake was linear over 81–147 d and a temperature range of −2.6 to 14.2 °C for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and current-use pesticides (CUPs) having log KOA ≥9 at ambient temperatures. Partial saturation of the PUF disks occurred for the more volatile OCPs hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and for bromoanisoles (BAs), which are products of bromophenols released by natural and anthropogenic sources. Correction for nonlinear uptake of these was made using experimentally measured PUF-air partition coefficients. Passive-derived air concentrations of pesticides were uniform over the bay and agreed within a factor of 2 or better with levels determined by active (pumped) sampling at one of the island stations. Levels of OCPs were similar to those reported at background sites in the European and Canadian Arctic and at monitoring stations in the central Baltic and southern Scandinavia, indicating long-range transport. The insecticide chlorpyrifos was 10 times lower at bay stations than in the Canadian Arctic. Insight to sources and processes was gained by examining compound profiles. Fractions Falpha = α-HCH/(α-HCH + γ-HCH) and FTC = trans-chlordane/(trans-chlordane + cis-chlordane) at bay stations were higher than in the Norwegian and Finnish Arctic and similar to those at the southern monitoring stations. Volatilization of chlordanes from Baltic seawater may also modify FTC. Higher FTriBA = 2,4,6-TriBA/(2,4,6-TriBA + 2,4-DiBA) distinguished local volatilization from the Baltic Sea versus lower FTriBA found at the inland site and reported in air on the Norwegian coast, suggesting westerly transport from the Atlantic across Norway and Sweden.

In this study, 54 years (1955–2008) of consecutive trappingdata from Ottenby Bird Observatory on the islandof Öland, SE Sweden, was used to analyze the springpassage of the Scandinavian subspecies of the BluethroatLuscinia svecica svecica. The aim was to investigatetrends in the numbers of Bluethroat passing this site andto provide statistics related to the phenology of migration.Trapping of Bluethroats at Ottenby may be seen asan index of population numbers in the recruitment area,especially for the latest decades when trapping conditionshave been standardized. The number of trapped individualswas stable both in the long and short term, butmedian spring passage has become significantly earlierover the study period. The spring migration of the speciesshowed clear age and sex related differences in timing.Male Bluethroats preceded females with about threedays, and adult birds preceded juveniles of both sexes.Finally, the local weather during the peak passage significantlyaffected the number of trapped individuals, withthe largest number trapped in days with head winds fromthe northwest sector.