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Fertilization plays a crucial role in meeting the nutrient requirements of plants to achieve optimal production. The application of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on red onion cultivation holds the potential to enhance fertilizer efficiency while reducing water pollution. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CRF application on the availability of essential nutrients of P, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and production of red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.). The research was conducted in two stages, an incubation experiment in laboratories and field experiments. The treatments included three types of fertilizers, P1: NPKCaMgS (13-8-10-5-9-2), P2: NPKS (19-12-15-4), and Mutiara: NPK (16-16-16). For the incubation experiment, two fertilizer doses were used: D6 (600 kg/ha), D12 (1200 kg/ha), along with a control group. For the field experiments, four fertilizer doses were employed: D3 (300 kg/ha), D6 (600 kg/ha), D9 (900 kg/ha), D12 (1200 kg/ha), also with a control group. The results indicated that the availability of P, Cu, and Mn increased with a longer incubation period, while the availability of Fe and Zn decreased over time. The availability of S exhibited irregular patterns with an extended incubation period. Notably, the highest onion production was achieved using CRF P1 fertilizer (13-8-10-5-9-2) at a dose of 300 kg/ha.

Serving in a sepak takraw game is one of the important techniques to determine success in the game. However, it needs to be understood that many factors influence the success of the sepak takraw service. This study is focused on examining the association between eye-foot coordination, balance, and the ability to serve in sepak takraw. The research adopts a descriptive approach with a correlational design and involves the entire student population of Gunung Sari II Elementary School in Makassar. Using purposive sampling, a sample of 40 male students was selected for the study. The instruments in this study are eye-foot coordination using the ball bounce test against the wall. Balance using (standing crane), sepak takraw using sepak takraw service test. Data analysis employed both single correlation (r) and multiple correlation (R) at a 95% significance level. The results showed a significance value of 0.000

This article aims to interpret Javanese number poetry texts. These number poems, apart from being symbols of intelligence, are also symbols of Javanese indigenous knowledge. The study uses qualitative interpretive ethnographic methods. Meaning is also studied using a literary ethnomathematics perspective. The Javanese number poetry data appears in four forms, namely: (1) macapat, (2) dolanan songs, (3) karawitan literature, and (4) geguritan. The Javanese numeric poetry data is read heuristically, then interpreted hermeneutically. This study emphasizes transdisciplinary studies. The results of the study show that in Javanese life, there are various number poems. After understanding the Javanese number poetry, it uses four perspectives of meaning, namely: (1) Ethnomathematics of literary analogies, (2) Ethnomathematics of literary anthropology, (3) Ethnomathematics of literary pedagogy, and (4) Ethnomathematics of Literary Memory. Through these four perspectives, Javanese number poetry is found as an illustration of the philosophy of indigenous knowledge. The text of the poem contains local analogies about numbers. The mathematical poem with the dhandhanggula meter actually depicts numbers starting from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0. The Javanese number poem is an invitation to encourage students to behave, among other things: ( 1) working hard, (2) working together, (3) helping each other, (4) getting along harmoniously, and (5) mutual cooperation. This study of Javanese number poetry is useful for providing an overview of the intelligence of the Javanese people. In the future, it is necessary to study further the Javanese number poetry that appears in various Javanese literary genres.

The dynamics and patterns of relationships between the characteristics of Indonesian tropical peat involving a function of time (ages of land use) in the context of land conversion have yet to be widely reported. The effects of tropical peatland use change are generally discussed regarding C emissions, with the limited literature identifying dynamic soil characteristics as these changes occur. This study used a survey method. We identified the physical, chemical, and C stock characteristics of peat in forest locations, oil palm plantations with a land use age of 0-5 years,>5-10 years,>10 years, and agricultural land with a land use age of 0-5 years and >5-10 years to find out the dynamics of soil characteristics. Land use changes from peat swamp forests to oil palm plantations and agricultural land, and the longer age of land use results in an increase in BD (especially at the top layer), ash content, pH, Total-N, total-P2O5, total-K2O, but there was a decrease in water content, fiber content, Organic-C, E400/E600, and soil C stocks. The alignment of economic, social, and ecological interests was directed to water and land management by regulating the area’s hydrological system and increasing peat stability.

Salah satu rendahnya produksi jagung adalah kurangnya ketersediaan benih yang berkualitas dan kurang akuratnya teknis budidaya jagung. Upaya yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung adalah menerapkan rasio tanaman induk jantan dan betina dan sistem tanam. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem tanam dan rasio jantan betina terhadap hasil F1 benih jagung hibrida Bima 20. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Maros, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia dari bulan Mei – Agustue 2020. Penelitian menggunakan rancanganpetak terbagi menempatkan jarak tanam sebagai petak utama dan rasio jantan, betina dan penebasan jantan setelah fase penyerbukan (SFP) sebagai anak petak. Sistem tanam yaitu 1) L1A : Jarak tanam (100-40) X 20 cm (1 jantan : 3 betina) tanpa tebas barisan jantan setelah fase penyerbukan (SFP), 2) L1B : Jarak tanam (100-40) X 20 cm (1 jantan : 3 betina) tebas barisan jantan SFP, 3) L2A : Jarak tanam 50 x 20 cm ( 1 jantan : 2 betina) tanpa tebas barisan jantan SFP, 4) L2B: Jarak tanam 50 x 20 cm ( 1 jantan : 2 betina) tebas barisan jantan setelah fase penyerbukan, 5) N1A : Jarak tanam 70 x 20 cm (1 jantan 3 betina) tanpa tebas barisan jantan SFP, 6) N1B : Jarak tanam 70 x 20 cm (1 jantan 3 betina) tebas barisan jantan SFP, 7) N2A : Jarak tanam baris betina 70 x 20 cm dan baris antar jantan 210 cm diantara baris betina (35 cm) (1 jantan : 3 betina) tanpa tebas barisan jantan SFP, 8) N2B : Jarak tanam baris betina 70 x 20 cm dan baris antar jantan 210 cm diantara baris betina (35 cm) (1 jantan : 3 betina) tebas barisan jantan SFP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang tongkol, tinggi letak tongkol, jumlah baris tiap tongkol dan bobot 100 biji, sedang penebasan dan tanpa penebasan tanaman jantan setelah fase penyerbukan (SFP) berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap produksi. Penebasan barisan jantan setelah fase penyerbukan dapat meningkatkan produksi. Produksi tertinggi pada perlakuan sitem tanam L2B (10,72 t/ha) dan N2B (10,90 t/ha).

Ethnopedagogy serves as an educational approach capable of reshaping societal dynamics by preserving cultural values, thereby reinforcing a multicultural national identity. This study explored the potential of ethnopedagogy in revitalizing local wisdom within early childhood character education in Indonesia. This case study was performed at Pertiwi Kindergarten in Puro Pakualaman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were gained through interviews and document analysis with teachers, parents, and school principals. Research data were checked for validity using data triangulation. The research findings demonstrated that ethnopedagogy enhanced children's awareness of local culture and nurtures character development by integrating local wisdom values into the learning process. Furthermore, involving local communities in character education improved community engagement in the educational journey, bolstering a sense of ownership over the school or learning environment, and strengthening social networks within the community. Ethnopedagogy is recommended to apply in early childhood education to develop children's character through the utilization of local wisdom.

Hydrological management in the use of peatland for agriculture is the backbone of its sustainability and a critical factor in climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the application of an integrated water management practice known as the “Water Management Trinity” (WMT), implemented since 1986 on a coconut plantation on the eastern coast of Sumatra, in relation to CO2 emissions and subsidence rates. The WMT integrates canals, dikes, and dams with water gates to regulate water levels for both coconut agronomy and the preservation of the peat soil. The WMT has successfully regulated and maintained an average yearly water table depth of −45 to −51 cm below the surface. The methodology involved a closed chamber method for measuring soil CO2 flux using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer, conducted weekly over a six-month period to cover dry and rainy season at bi-modal climate condition. Subsidence measurements have been ongoing from 1986 to 2022. The results show bare peat soil has heterotrophic respiration CO2 emissions of 7.77 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, while in coconut plantations 7.99 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, similar to emissions in mineral soils. Autotrophic respiration leads to the overestimation of CO2 emissions on peatland and accounts for 212–424% of the total emissions. The cumulative subsidence from 1986 to 2022 is −56.3 cm, with a soil rise of +0.8 cm in 2022, indicating a flattening rate of subsidence. This is characterized by an increase in bulk density at the surface from 0.072 to 0.144 gr/cm3, with approximately 81% of the subsidence being due to compaction. The statistical analysis found no relationship between water table depth and CO2 emissions, indicating that water table depth cannot be used as a predictor for CO2 emissions. In summary, peatland agriculture has a promising future when managed sustainably using an integrated hydrological management system.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural activities contribute significantly to global warming. Understanding the factors influencing N2O emissions is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. This review assesses N2O emissions from various crops cultivated in tropical mineral and peatland soils, providing insights into the impact of land use, fertilization practices and rainfall on N2O fluxes. Field measurements of N2O fluxes were conducted in agricultural fields growing corn, peanuts, and cassava in Bogor Regency, West Java Province, as well as in peatland areas with Acacia plantations and natural primary forests in Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. The study assesses the total N2O fluxes for each crop and land type, revealing significant variations in N2O emissions among different crops and land uses. Peatland areas exhibit higher emissions compared to mineral soils, emphasizing the need for targeted mitigation measures in these ecosystems. The findings highlight the importance of considering the type and age of land use when evaluating N2O emissions. Land management practices, such as fertilizer use and soil disturbance, emerge as critical factors affecting N2O emissions. Improper fertilizer application and excessive soil disturbance can lead to increased N2O emissions, underscoring the necessity for careful N fertilizer management and conservation tillage techniques.

Continuous monoculture activities can cause soil degradation, leading to low pH, organic matter content, and nutrient deficiencies in Ultisols. Compost has been used to improve soil fertility. Unfortunately, its effectiveness has been limited due to rapid decomposition in the humid tropic area. This study investigated the effect of adding coal ash (fly ash and bottom ash or abbr. as FABA) and lignite to compost on the chemical properties of degraded Ultisols planted with pineapple. The study was conducted at Pineapple plantation in Central Lampung using a split-plot design. The application technique (row or spread) was the main plot and three treatments as subplots were 100% compost (K), 75% compost + 25% FABA (KF), and 70% compost + 20% FABA + 10% lignite (KFL). Each treatment was applied at a dose of 50 Mg ha-1. The results showed that adding FABA and lignite to compost effectively increased the organic carbon, pH, base saturation, exchangeable calcium, -magnesium, -sodium, and zinc, decreasing the aluminum saturation of Ultisols. The application of ameliorants in rows technique was more effective than those of spreading. These findings suggest that FABA and lignite-enriched compost in row application can effectively improve the chemical properties of degraded Ultisols.

The frequent occurrence of drought, halting from unpredictable climate-induced weather patterns, presents significant challenges in breeding drought-tolerant maize to identify adaptable genotypes. The study explores the optimization of machine learning (ML) to predict both the grain yield and stress tolerance index (STI) of maize under normal and drought-induced stress. In total, 35 genotypes, comprising 31 hybrid candidates and four commercial varieties, were meticulously evaluated across three normal and drought-treated sites. Three popular ML were optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA) and ensemble ML to enhance data capture. Additionally, a Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance (MGIDI) was also involved to identify superior maize hybrids well-suited for drought conditions. The results highlight that the ensemble meta-models optimized by grid search exhibit robust performance with high accuracy across the testing datasets (R2 = 0.92 for grain yield and 0.82 for STI). The RF optimized by GA algorithm demonstrates slightly lower performance (R2 = 0.91 for grain yield and 0.79 for STI), surpassing the predictive performance of individual SVM-GA and KNN-GA models. Selection of the best-performing hybrids indicated that out of the six hybrids with the highest STI values, both the ensemble and MGIDI can accurately predict four hybrids, namely H06, H10, H13, and H35. Thus, combining ML with MGIDI enables researchers to discern traits for each genotype and holds promise for advancing the field of drought-tolerant maize breeding and expediting the development of resilient varieties.

Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are macronutrients that plants need for better growth and yield. However, they are readily lost from the soil through volatilization, denitrification, and leaching, aside from being absorbed by plant roots. Thus, a Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) may be formulated and applied to maximize the beneficial effects of N and K fertilization. This study aimed to describe the release pattern of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 -N), and K from CRF through the laboratory incubation method. Two types of CRF - CRF A (16-16-16) and CRF B (30-6-8), with a non-CRF (Mutiara NPK16-16-16) as Control – were used. Each fertilizer was tested at 600 and 1200 kg ha-1 doses. The results showed that the NH4 -N release was very high at 40 – 60% but declined to almost 0% after 14 weeks. The NO3 -N release rate was 17 – 40% during the first week, followed by a steady increase to nearly 100% by the 14th incubation week. Potassium release ranged from 20% to 30% in the first week, then rose to 30 – 70% at Week 14. Overall, CRF (30-6-8) at a dose of 1200 kg ha-1 showed the slowest rate of nitrogen release.

Intensive land use in the long term can cause land degradation, affecting soil fertility, especially on Vertic Endoaquepts in Pati that have been managed as rainfed rice fields. The characteristics of rainfed rice fields are low nutrient availability and rice yields. This study aimed to determine the effect of tillage depth management and soil ameliorants on nutrient availability, plant uptake, and rice yield in rainfed rice fields. The field experiment that was conducted at farmer’s field used a split-plot design. The main plot was the treatment of tillage depth treatments (OT), with depths of 10 cm (T1) and 20 cm (T2). The subplots were ameliorant treatments (A), consisting of A1 = sugarcane leaf compost, A2 = rice straw compost, A3 = chicken manure, and A4 = cow manure, with each dose of 5 t ha-1. The Inpari 32 rice variety was grown for 95 days. Available N, P and K of the soil were measured at 0, 62, and 94 days after transplanting (DAT). Plant N, P, and K contents, plant height, number of tillers, and rice yield were measured at 62 DAT. The results showed that the interaction of soil depth and ameliorant significantly affected soil available P and K but had no significant effect on soil available N. Ameliorant treatment of cow manure significantly increased rice yield.

Seni Tari menuntut praktik dari siswa, namun selama ini guru tidak menyajikan pelajaran seni tari dengan memberikan contoh melainkan hanya menggunakan panduan yang ada dalam buku paket sehingga siswa kesulitan dalam mengmbangkan bakat menari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kreativitas siswa dalam berbagai aspek pembelajaran seni tari. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut penulis menggunakan metode Think Pair Share terintegrasi TRI NGA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 65% siswa kelas 1 masuk dalam kategori memenuhi standar, sedangkan 35% lainnya sudah melampui standar, dengan nilai rata-rata peningkatan kreatifitas mencapai 84. Sesuai hasil penelitian metode yang digunakan dinyatakan berhasil meningkatkan kretivitas seni tari siswa dikelas 1 di SD Negeri Kecis.

In this increasingly modern era, it requires teacher professionals to be able to cultivate varied learning models in each subject so that students are not saturated while following the existing learning process. This study aims to improve student activity and learning outcomes through a word square learning model at SMA Negeri 11 Pangkep. This research is a type of classroom action research (PTK). The subjects of the study were class XI students totaling 33 students. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, tests, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use analytical descriptive analysis. The results showed that 1) The percentage of student activity increased each cycle. Where in the first cycle student activity is in the less active category and increases in cycle II in the very active category, 2) The completeness of student learning outcomes increases every cycle. Where in cycle I it was 33% with an average learning outcome of 66.9 and increased in cycle II by 81% with an average learning outcome of 85.7. Thus, the conclusion is that the application of the word square learning model can increase the activeness and learning outcomes of economics subjects for class XI students of SMA Negeri 11 Pangkep.

The same rainfall can cause different degrees of water stress depending on soil type, so the production response shown by plants can be different. This study is essential for growers, especially in predicting oil palm production based on water deficit for each soil type. The study was conducted on oil palm plantations in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, with four soil types in 1,446.15 ha (40 blocks). The source of data collected from oil palm plantations included bunch number, average bunch weight, rainfall, and soil physical and chemical properties for the last 15 years (2007 - 2021). This experimental study used a two-stage cluster sampling method. The results showed that the best productivity, bunch number, and average bunch weight were found on Ultisols. The four soil types tested showed the same annual production distribution dynamic, but the response rate from each soil type showed differences. Entisols and Spodosols were more prone to drought stress due to water deficit than Ultisols and Histosols because of the differences in soil texture. Water deficit causes a decrease in oil palm productivity by 5 - 22% in the first year (Ultisols 12 - 22%; Entisols 12 - 22%; Spodosols 7 - 19%; Histosols 5 - 15%) and 1 - 8% in the second year (Ultisols 3 - 7%; Entisols 2 - 4%; Spodosols 5 - 8%; Histosols 1 - 5%) compared to previous years production. A decrease in oil palm productivity occurs at 3 - 5 months (bunch failure phase), 1 year (abortion sensitive phase), and 2 - 2.5 years (sex differentiation phase) after a water deficit appears.

Spodosols have been widely used for oil palm plantations, specifically in Kalimantan, Indonesia. However, they are sub-optimal for agriculture due to a lack of water and nutrient-holding capacity and a spodic layer that limits plant root development. Therefore, proper agriculture practices are needed for oil palm to enhance its potential yield. This study aims to determine the effect of the mounding technique on the physiological performance and yield of oil palms in spodosol. The study location was well-managed, with eight blocks of oil palm plantations planted in 2008 on spodosols (Typic Haplohumod) in Central Kalimantan. The mounding technique was applied to four blocks of oil palm planted in 2015, while the remaining four were left without mounding. The parameters observed were soil moisture, transpiration, number of bunches, bunch weight, and yield. The results showed that the average moisture in the mounded soil was 4% greater than the control. Additionally, the average daily transpiration of oil palm with the mounding was up to 2.30 mm day-1 or three times higher than the control. The implication was that the average yield of oil palm increased from approximately 1.84 to 3.71 tons ha-1 year-1 compared to no-mounding treatments. Furthermore, the average yield was 19-66% higher than the block without the mounding application.

Introduction: Benzene is one of the pollutants in the shoe home industry that can cause cancer among the workers. The present research aimed to analyze the relationship between exposure to benzene and spmA (s-phenylmercapturic Acid) in the urine of shoe-making home industry workers in Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational study using an analytical research method where the total number of respondents in the sample was 10. The concentration of benzene was measured using Gas Chromatography-FID (Flame Ionization Detector). The data collection technique was descriptive analysis for each variable from among the worker’s characteristics. The analysis of the relationship between the level of spmA in their urine and the worker’s characteristics was performed using regression tests while the analysis of the relationship between the level of benzene in the air and the levels of workers’ spmA was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Results: The benzene I levels in the work environment were found to be between 0.06 ppm - 53.8 ppm. The average spmA was 6.68 μg/g creatinine. The p value of the relationship between the variable levels of benzene and the levels of spmA was 0.879 with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.056. Conclusion: The mean concentration of benzene in the air at the 6 point uptake was over the threshold. Based on the results of the spmA examination, the mean value of spmA was below the threshold value. The test results on the level of benzene in the air and the spmA indicate a very weak relationship.

Unhealthy and unsafe sanitation will make it easier for various diseases to attack the body. In addition, unsafe sanitation will also affect a country's economy, including declining welfare, tourism losses, and environmental losses due to the loss of productive land. The research aimed to estimate the welfare cost of premature deaths based on unsafe sanitation risks using the SutteARIMA, Neural Network Time Series, and Holt-Winters. The study analyzed estimates and projections of the welfare cost of premature deaths based on the risks of unsafe sanitation of BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, China, and South Africa). The data in this research used secondary data. Secondary time series data was taken from the Environment Database of the OECD. Stat. (Mortality and welfare cost from exposure to environmental risks). The data on the study was based on variables: welfare cost of premature deaths, % GDP equivalent, risk: unsafe sanitation, age: all, sex: both, unit: percentage, and data from 2005 to 2019. The three forecasting methods (SutteARIMA, Neural Network Time Series, and Holt-Winters) were juxtaposed in fitting data to see the forecasting methods' reliability and accuracy. The accuracy of forecasting results was compared based on MAPE and MSE values. The results of the research showed that the SutteARIMA and NNAR(1,1) methods were best used to predict the welfare cost of premature deaths in view of unsafe sanitation risks for BRICS countries.

The development of a residential property in business so attractive to operators property so that growth is very fast. Accompanied the population growth of it so dwelling that is required quite big so very interesting to handle market by developers because it very promising the property business.The purpose of this study is how the legal protection for condotel buyers using PPJB. This research method uses a normative legal study method that includes writing through the norms published in laws and regulations relating to regulations in the legal process and costs that lead to the implementation of buying and selling through PPJB. with the provisions of the Constitution number 20 of 2011 is expected to be in accordance with the applicable provisions. Results The responsibility of the payment of scope to make good the loss for business operators, namely a. demands based on defaults; and b. demands by all accounts unlawfully if it is associated Loss to the scope of their responsibilities, so any change to the hotel operator in the sphere of responsibility.

Rainfed paddy fields have a great potential to be developed in Indonesia, especially in Central Java. However, water irrigation management, drought stress, pest and disease infestation and low nutrients that affect paddy yield remain the constraints. Unpredictable climate pattern is also a limiting factor in the cultivation of rainfed paddy fields. This narrative review aims to identify and discuss solutions to problems that exist to increase the yield of rainfed paddy fields with several techniques that support sustainable agriculture. This review paper was prepared by collecting government data and interviews with several farmer group leaders as complementary data. Based on field conditions, farmers in rainfed paddy fields provide fertilization inputs that are not following the fertilizer recommendations. Moreover, field conditions with limited water availability have caused paddy cultivating in several locations only once a year with low yields. Water storage can help farmers meet the need for water, especially during dry and water-stress conditions. The farmers also need to pay attention to the appropriate fertilization doses and the use of additional organic matter derived from cultivation residues, which are expected to increase the availability of nutrients in the soil. The use of short-life and drought-resistant varieties can aid in overcoming the problem of crop failure in the middle phase caused by water scarcity. Finally, we identify and emphasize that rainfed paddy fields generally have a limiting factor for water and nutrients and several technologies are needed to contribute to increasing more sustainable paddy yields.

This study aims to find the specification of textbook material for grade 1 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Salatiga City. This study used descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to describe the data obtained through the interview method, with the type of guided interview. The interview method used an interview guide instrument, analyzed through the stages of analyzing data, reducing data, categorizing data, interpreting data, and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, a quantitative descriptive approach was utilized to describe the data obtained through a questionnaire, which used a filling type questionnaire. Questionnaire data were then analyzed using descriptive statistical formulas. The study results found that the material specifications for the MI grade 1 textbook in Salatiga City had been adjusted to the core competencies (KI) and basic competencies (KD) set by the government; the development of the material was sourced from information technology that can be accounted for and from similar books; the material was adapted to the students' abilities; the material was adapted to the conditions of the student's cultural environment; the material paid attention to the condition of student diversity; the material contains factual truths and concepts; supporting learning; the material begins with question and command sentences. The theoretical implication of this finding is that it can be used as a reference in assessing and developing textbooks at MI.

Maize (Zea mays L.) production in tropical equatorial regions faces significant challenges due to agroclimatic and soil fertility variability, necessitating the evaluation of maize hybrid adaptability and phenotypic stability across diverse agroecosystems. This study compares the effectiveness of the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance (MGIDI) models for identifying superior maize hybrids well-suited to the equatorial climate. Fifteen genotypes, including 13 hybrid candidates and two popular commercial varieties (BISI 2 and NASA 29), were analyzed in 10 distinct environments in Indonesia over three consecutive years (2018–2020). The ANOVA method used in the AMMI model analyzed variance into three major components, with PCA analysis indicating that environments (E), genotypes (G), and their interaction (G × E) had a highly significant effect on yield (p

The integration of mangrove management with aquaculture, termed the silvofishery pond system, has been implemented in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. A detailed survey was conducted to assess the features of mangrove terrain surrounding silvofishery ponds, aiming to enhance the productive and sustainable management of these mangrove areas in Berau Regency. This survey focused on various land characteristics such as topography, tidal patterns, water quality, soil properties, climate, and the state of mangrove vegetation. The health of mangrove vegetation was assessed by calculating the Important Value Index (IVI) across different growth stages: trees, saplings, and seedlings. The findings reveal that the mangrove adjacent to the silvofishery ponds in Berau Regency are home to 14 species from 13 genera and 10 families. Rhizophora mucronata displayed the highest IVI scores across all growth stages: 75.17% for trees, 93.14% for saplings, and 66.98% for seedlings, the latter shared with Rhizophora apiculata . Soil quality emerged as a critical limiting factor for land use in silvofishery ponds, particularly due to high potential acidity (low pH) and low nitrogen (N) content. To enhance soil quality, it is recommended that soil management practices such as remediation (via drying, submerging, flushing, or liming) and N supplementation through fertilization be employed. Furthermore, given the sparse mangrove vegetation density at the tree level (1,012 trees/ha), efforts to promote natural mangrove regeneration and prevent deforestation and degradation are advised. Considering the unique characteristics of the mangroves, the implementation of the komplangan model—a silvofishery approach that segregates mangroves restoration pond from grow-out ponds—is recommended to boost productivity and ensure sustainability in the coastal region of Berau.

Mount Merapi, located in Indonesia, is known as one of the most active volcanoes globally, often resulting in volcanic eruptions that produce pyroclastic materials. These materials from Mount Merapi’s eruptions have the potential to influence soil fertility in areas affected by the volcanic activities. This study aims to analyze the mineralogical properties of pyroclastic materials from Mount Merapi. The methodology involves collecting pyroclastic material samples from the 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi, followed by analysis using various mineralogical techniques such as polarized microscopy, X-ray diffraction, petrographic analysis, and wet chemical analysis. The findings offer detailed insights into the mineral composition, types of clay minerals, overall elemental presence, and the rock types forming these minerals in the pyroclastic materials. Variations in mineral composition are observed in the pyroclastic materials from Mount Merapi. Predominant minerals, including the plagioclase, pyroxene, and hornblende groups, are distinctly identified. These minerals’ presence suggests their susceptibility to weathering, categorized as easily weatherable minerals. This tendency for weathering is shown by the presence of elements like Na, Ca, and Mg in these minerals, which are crucial macro-nutrients for plant growth.

The eruption of Mount Merapi has had a negative impact on the community; however, on the other hand, it also has positive aspects that cannot be ignored. One of the major benefits associated with the eruption of this mountain is its ability to fertilize and restore the quality of the surrounding soil. This process of soil restoration involves the use of volcanic materials resulting from the eruption, specifically known as rejuvination or soil rejuvenation. In the concept of soil rejuvenation, pyroclastic materials play an important role due to their nutrient-rich content. These pyroclastic materials consist of various types of rocks and minerals, which have great potential to make a positive contribution in providing nutrients needed by plants. Based on the results of X-Ray diffraction analysis, the pyroclastic material from Mount Merapi is dominated by the mineral Albite, accounting for 81.3%. This mineral has the property of being easily weathered and susceptible to weathering agents. Volcanic materials from Mount Merapi can be utilized as agrominerals, this concept involves using volcanic material as a source of nutrients for plants since it contains both macro and micro nutrients required by plants.

Research learning in madrasahs is a forum to encourage students' talents and interests in the field of scientific research. The concept of research madrasah is the development of madrasahs through learning innovations, namely the implementation of research, where students become young researchers in research exercises, with topics related to science in accordance with the subjects obtained. Prof. Mary Kellet explained that children who are involved in the research process are able to explore creativity and innovation by accessing rich resources with critical thinking skills, and analytical abilities. Prof. Pricilia Anderson explained working with children in research by understanding their views and experiences and providing rights opportunities for children and adults in the form of improving their knowledge and skills. Prof. Pia Christensen stated the importance of establishing a culture of communication between young researchers and adult researchers in understanding the world from their point of view.

Online teaching can be a solution in the learning process during the pandemic to stop the spreading of the Covid-19 infection. Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM) as an educational institution provided a Learning Management System (LMS) to support the online teaching and learning process with the platform name SYAM-OK. In this research, we examine the behavioral model of a student's acceptance of the use of an information system SYAM-OK in online teaching. 120 students in the sample used online teaching fully during the pandemic. The data was obtained from an online questionnaire using a google form whose contents were based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The variable of TAM consists of Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Towards, Behavioral Intention, and Actual Use. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) PLS method was used in this research for modeling the relationship between TAM variables. Based on the results of the SEM we obtained that Perceived Usefulness significantly affects the Attitude Towards and Attitude Towards significantly affects the behavioral intention. By using the bootstrapping and T statistics, we conclude that SEM has identified the significant effects between variables of TAM.

Dalam dunia pendidikan, kepala sekolah dan guru dituntut untuk lebih memperhatikan penggunaan internet karena sebagai alternatif dalam pelaksanaan media pembelajaran di era saat ini. Penelitian dalam artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui bentuk pemanfaatan internet dan faktor pendukung serta faktor penghambat internet sebagai media pembelajaran akuntansi keuangan siswa kelas XI AKL SMK. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian melibatkan kepala sekolah, guru dan 4 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik triangulasi. Teknik analisis data mengunakan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa akses penyampaian materi pada pembelajaran akuntansi keuangan dilakukan melalui aplikasi digital google classroom dan zoom cloud meeting. Faktor pendukungnya seperti ketersediaan perangkat teknologi, keterampilan guru dan siswa, bantuan kouta serta adanya fasilitas wifi di sekolah. Faktor penghambatnya seperti menurunya kecepatan wifi di sekolah, jumlah kouta yang terbatas, kurangnya pengunaan aplikasi digital, dan sedikitnya siswa yang memiliki perangkat teknologi seperti telepon genggam android dan laptop.

In the tofu production process, UD XYZ is inseparable from the risks that may occur so that it can interfere with tofu production activities. Therefore, to handle the existing risks, it is necessary to carry out risk management by mitigating risks. Data collection techniques used are secondary data and primary data. The data processing technique and data analysis used the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results of data processing using the FMEA method are known to be risk factors for raw materials with the highest RPN value, namely the risk of poor soybean quality with an RPN value of 720, the risk factor for the highest RPN production process is the risk of the dose of supporting raw materials not in accordance with the RPN value of 320, and the highest RPN finished product risk factor is the risk of damaged tofu when packaged with an RPN value of 36. The results of data processing using the AHP method with the help of Benefit, Cost, Opportunities, and Risk (BCOR) criteria are known that the criteria with values the highest is the benefit criteria with a value of 0.600. In the risk of raw materials, namely the quality of soybeans is not good, it is known that the chosen alternative strategy is to use the best raw material supplier with a value of 0.738. In the risk of the production process, namely the dose of supporting raw materials is not appropriate, it is known that the chosen alternative strategy is to make a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) with a value of 0.671. The existence of SOPs will help to achieve goals because of the design that guides employees in carrying out their duties and to minimize errors when carrying out their respective tasks. Dalam proses produksi tahu, UD XYZ tidak terlepas dari risiko-risiko yang mungkin terjadi sehingga dapat mengganggu aktivitas produksi tahu. Oleh karena itu, untuk menangani risiko yang ada maka perlu dilakukan manajemen risiko dengan memitigasi risiko. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan data primer. Teknik pengolahan data dan analisis data menggunakan metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan metode FMEA diketahui pada faktor risiko bahan baku risiko dengan nilai RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko kualitas kedelai tidak baik dengan nilai RPN sebesar 720, pada faktor risiko proses produksi RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko takaran bahan baku pendukung tidak sesuai dengan nilai RPN sebesar 320, dan pada faktor risiko produk jadi RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko tahu rusak saat dikemas dengan nilai RPN sebesar 36. Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan metode AHP dengan bantuan kriteria Benefit, Cost, Opportunities, dan Risk (BCOR) diketahui bahwa kriteria dengan nilai-nilai tertinggi yaitu pada kriteria benefit dengan nilai 0.600. Pada risiko bahan baku yaitu kualitas kedelai tidak baik, diketahui bahwa alternatif strategi terpilih adalah menggunakan supplier bahan baku terbaik dengan nilai 0.738. Pada risiko proses produksi yaitu takaran bahan baku pendukung tidak sesuai, diketahui bahwa alternatif strategi terpilih adalah membuat Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) dengan nilai 0.671. Dengan adanya SOP dan pemilihan supplier bahan baku terbaik akan membantu memitigasi risiko prioritas sehingga risiko tersebut dapat dikendalikan dan frekuensinya berkurang.

The Cycloops Mountains are geologically and ecologically important conservation area, but are disturbed by degradation and deforestation. Geotourism is applied as an activity that supports sustainable use of the area. The aims of this research is to analyze the attractiveness and carrying capacity of the geosite for the development of sustainable geotourism. This research uses expert judgment in determining attractiveness based on the index value method and the suitability of carrying capacity with physical, real and effective geosite method.

The dual nature of Jesus still leaves problems of interpretation and understanding. The emphasis on the humanity of Jesus is excessive, resulting in His divinity needing to be addressed in some aspects. On the other hand, overemphasizing the divinity of Jesus resulted in His humanity being hindered, especially in the aspect of His suffering and death. The text of John 5:19 is often misunderstood as if Jesus was not God because He could not do anything on His own. This has the potential to cause doctrinal deviations. This study uses a qualitative method with an exposition approach that looks at the basic texts of the dual nature of Jesus and summarizes the interpretation and understanding of the topic. From this approach, it can be seen several points of affirmation, namely: the specific dualism of the nature of Jesus is understood based on the demarcation of context, the motivation for interpretation and understanding is one of the first steps in understanding the demarcation of the dual nature of the context, and negative perceptions of understanding biblical Christology leading to logical misperceptions of the biblical internals.

Upaya peningkatan produksi dan mutu benih dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan umur panen yang tepat dan penanganan pasca panen berupa curing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur panen dan waktu curing terhadap produksi serta kualitas benih mentimun galur MTH 15. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan penelitian Research and Development (RD) PT. Aditya Sentana Agro Malang dari bulan September – Desember 2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Data berasal dari hasil penelitian dengan mengaplikasikan factor independent yaitu perlakuan pengaruh umur panen dan perlakuan waktu curing terhadap factor dependen yaitu produksi dan mutu benih mentimun. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda disertai dengan uji parsial (t-test) dan uji serempak (F-test). Proses perhitungan menggunakan SPSS 23.0. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa umur panen dan waktu curing berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap produksi dan mutu benih mentimun.

Landslide is a form of natural phenomenon that often occurs in mountainous and hilly regions with steep up to very steep slopes. Landslide is the movement of slope-forming materials in the form of rocks, debris, soil or materials down the slope. This study aimed to identify the distribution of landslide-prone areas in Ajibarang, Banyumas Regency. The research was conducted by survey method. The model used to determine landslide-prone areas was the Stories Index Model approach. Analysis of geophysical factors was based on SPOT-5 image data and the Indonesia Topographical Map (RBI Map). Identification of land geophysical factors for susceptibility level was determined according to geological map, slope map, soil type map and land use map. The results showed that the level of landslide susceptibility in the study area was divided into 4 classes, namely very low (3.733,41 ha), low (3.303,73 ha), moderate (123,49 ha) and high (150,37 ha).

Air pollution is an important environmental problem for specific areas, including Makassar City, Indonesia. The increase should be monitored and evaluated, especially in urban areas that are dense with vehicles and factories. This is a challenge for local governments in urban planning and policy-making to fulfill the information about the impact of air pollution. The clustering of starting points for the distribution areas can ease the government to determine policies and prevent the impact. The k-Means initial clustering method was used while the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) visualized the clustering results. Furthermore, the Geographic Information System (GIS) visualized the results of regional clustering on a map of Makassar City. The air quality parameters used are Suspended Particles (TSP), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Surface Ozone (O3), and Lead (Pb) which are measured during the day and at night. The results showed that the air contains more CO, and at night, the levels are reduced in some areas. Therefore, the density of traffic, industry and construction work contributes significantly to the spread of CO. Air conditions vary, such as high CO levels during the day and TSP at night. Also, there is a phenomenon at night that a group does not have SO2 and O3 simultaneously. The results also show that the integration of k-Means and SOM for regional clustering can be appropriately mapped through GIS visualization.

Pemerintah Provinsi Aceh mengembangkan Kota Sabang sebagai industri pariwisata bertujuan menjadikan alternatif destinasi baru yang ada di Provinsi Aceh. Sumber daya manusia yang paling tepat dalam mengelola aspek wisata khususnya wisata halal adalah para pemuda. Hadirnya para pemuda dalam pengembangan wisata halal memerlukan analisis yang lebih mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor sosial secara simultan terhadap peran pemuda dalam pengembangan wisata halal di Kota Sabang, (2) Menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor sosial secara parsial terhadap peran pemuda dalam pengembangan wisata halal di Kota Sabang. Penelitian analisis peran pemuda dalam pengembangan wisata halal di Kota Sabang ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Seluruh pertanyaan dinyatakan valid dan dinyatakan reliable. (2) Seluruh pernyataan dinyatakan valid dan dinyatakan reliable. (3) foktor-faktor sosial secara simultan memiliki pengaruh terhadap peran pemuda dalam pengembangan wisata halal di Kota Sabang secara positif dan signifikan. Variabel Umur (X1) secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan, Variabel Jenis Kelamin (gender) (X2) secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan, Variabel Pendidikan Formal (X3) secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan, Variabel Pendidikan Informal (X4) secara parsial berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan dan Variabel Pekerjaan (X5) secara parsial berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan.

Basically, the state has the authority to regulate the use of land rights in the territory of Indonesia. However, the problem that often occurs is the disagreement between the Land Acquisition Committee and the holders of land rights in determining the amount of compensation, resulting in problems such as what happened in Palu after the earthquake which flattened housing buildings and required a plot of land for housing construction. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore legal efforts for land rights that are affected by the acquisition for the construction of permanent housing to meet housing needs after the earthquake in Palu. The research method that used is legal research, while the approach used in this research is statute approach. The results of data analysis show the legal action of land rights holders that are affected by land acquisition for the construction of permanent housing by means of certificate cancellation, the cancellation of the certificate is based on law. Land acquisition for the public interest, including the interests of the nation and the State as well as the common interest of the people, can revoke land rights by giving compensation.

PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company that produces plywood. The problem that this plywood company has faced is that in the plywood production process, there are still many activities classified as waste, thus disrupting productive activities. Therefore, identification of waste and the factors that cause it must be done to provide improvements so that waste in the production process can be reduced or even eliminated. Efforts that can be made to overcome the problems that occur were by using the lean six sigma method. The most influential waste in the plywood production process is overproduction with a sigma level of 0.00, waiting with a sigma level of 1.52, and defects with a sigma level of 3.85. The factors that cause waste are WIP waste overproduction, waste waiting between the process, and waste defect delamination. The recommendation for improvement for waste to minimize waste is for waste overproduction, namely making digitization forms, waste waiting, adding mini dryers and waste defects, and implementing the Kanban system. PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi kayu lapis (plywood). Permasalahan yang ditemui pada perusahaan adalah dalam proses produksi plywood masih terdapat aktivitas yang tergolong kedalam waste, sehingga mengganggu kegiatan produktif. Oleh karena itu, identifikasi waste dan faktor penyebabnya perlu dilakukan, sehingga dapat memberikan perbaikan agar pemborosan pada proses produksi dapat dikurangi atau bahkan dihilangkan. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menerapkan metode lean six sigma. Waste yang paling berpengaruh pada proses produksi plywood adalah overproduction dengan level sigma sebesar 0,00, waiting dengan level sigma sebesar 1,52, dan defect dengan level sigma sebesar 3,85. Faktor-faktor penyebab waste adalah untuk waste overproduction WIP, waste waiting between process, dan waste defect delaminasi. Rekomendasi perbaikan untuk waste untuk meminimasi masing-masing waste adalah untuk waste overproduction yaitu membuat form digitalisasi, untuk waste waiting yaitu menambah dryer mini, dan untuk waste defect yaitu untuk menerapkan sistem Kanban.

The soil pool is the primary sink for carbon in mangrove wetlands and plays a major role in mitigating climate change. However, aquaculture pond expansions go further to disrupt carbon storage in mangroves. The aim of this study is to estimate the stock of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the mangrove area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The mangroves of Sinjai District in South Sulawesi are a disturbed region with no previous study on SOC stock. We implemented a line transect method at five study sites, collected 15 soil cores at a depth of 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm, and 30–50 cm, and performed soil analysis using the Loss on Ignition method. We find that the mean value of SOC stock is 413.10±12.37 Mg C ha–1. More attention to the conservation and restoration of lost mangrove areas is a high priority. It may also increase the stock of SOC to mitigate climate change. This study will help to preserve the remaining mangroves.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kit praktikum Elektronika Dasar II berbasis simulator Proteus untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa.Hasil observasi dalam prapenelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa kesulitan merangkai komponen elektronika, kekurangan waktu praktikum, dan kesulitan dalam mendapatkan data.Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini dilakukan pengembangan kit praktikum Elektronika Dasar IIberbasis menggunakan simulator Proteus. Melalui kit praktikum mahasiswa fokus pada proses pengambilan data dan menganalisis sinyal keluaran rangkaian elektronika.Sedangkan simulator Proteus dapat membantu dalam mengamati gejala-gejala yang tidak dapat diamati langsung dan sebagai data pembanding. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan dengan tahapan adalah analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan produk awal, validasi ahli, uji lapangan dan revisi produk. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika FMIPA Universitas Bengkulu semester ganjil 2018/2019dengan subyek penelitian ini adalah 22 mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi dan kuesioner yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kit praktikum yang berhasil dikembangkan terdiri dari delapan percobaan yaitu penguat common drain, common source, emitor ditanahkan, pushpull, respon frekuensi rendah, inverting dan non inverting, integrator dan diferensiator, dan filter aktif. Kelayakan kit praktikum sebagai media pembelajaran di laboratorium berdasarkan validasi ahli sebesar 82,50% (sangat layak) dan berdasarkan pengguna sebesar 82, 64% (sangat layak). Kata kunci: kit praktikum elektronika dasar II, simulator proteus, praktikum berbasis masalah ABSTRACT This study aims to develop a Basic Electronics II practicum kit based on the Proteus simulator to improve students' problem solving abilities. The results of observations in the pre-study showed that students had difficulty assembling electronic components, lack of practicum time, and difficulties in obtaining data. To overcome this problem, the development of Basic Electronics II based practicum kit using the Proteus simulator is carried out. Through the practicum kit students focus on the process of data retrieval and analyzing the electronic circuit output signal. Whereas the Proteus simulator can help in observing symptoms that cannot be observed directly and as comparative data. This research is a type of research and development with stages are needs analysis, initial product development, expert validation, field testing and product revision. This research was conducted in the Physics Laboratory of the University of Bengkulu FMIPA odd semester 2018/2019 with the subjects of this study were 22 students. Data collection was carried out using observation methods and questionnaires which were analyzed quantitatively descriptively. The results showed that the practicum kit that was successfully developed consisted of eight experiments namely common drain amplifier, common source, ground emitter, pushpull, low frequency response, inverting and non-inverting, integrators and differentiators, and active filters. The feasibility of the practicum kit as a learning media in a laboratory based on expert validation is 82.50% (very feasible) and based on the user is 82, 64% (very feasible). Keywords: basic electronics II practicum kit, proteus simulator, problem solving laboratory

Abstrak. Bioplastik merupakan plastik organik yang salah satu fungsinya dapat digunakan sebagai pengemas bahan pangan. Bioplastik dikenal ramah lingkungan karena mudah terdegrasi oleh alam. Kitosan dapat dimodifikasi dengan pati onggok aren dalam pembuatan bioplastik untuk meningkatkan kekuatan bioplastik. Penambahan kunyit ke dalam bioplastik kitosan-serat onggok diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap mikroba sehingga bioplastic tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kemasan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik kitosan-onggok aren yang ditambah kunyit dengan variasi 0,3- 1,2 %. Uji fisik yang dilakukan meliputi uji daya serap air, uji kuat tarik, uji elongisitas dan uji biodegradasi. Peningkatan banyaknya kunyit dalam air meningkatkan sifat daya serap air, kuat tarik dan biodegradasinya, sedangkan penurunan kemuluran plastik berkurang dengan peningkatan banyaknya kunyit dalam plastik. Abstract. Bioplastics are organic plastics which one of their functions can be used as food packaging. Bioplastics are known to be environmentally friendly because they are easily degraded by nature. Chitosan can be modified with onggok palm starch in making bioplastics to increase the strength of the bioplastics. The addition of turmeric to the chitosan-onggok bioplastic is expected to increase resistance to microbes so that the bioplastic can be used as a food packaging material. This study aims to determine the bioplastic characteristics of chitosan-onggok palm sugar added with turmeric with a variation of 0.3-1.2%. Physical tests carried out include water absorption test, tensile strength test, elongicity test and biodegradation test. The increase in the amount of turmeric in water increases its water absorption, tensile strength and biodegradation properties, while the decrease in plastic elongation decreases with the increase in the amount of turmeric in the plastic.

Artikel ini membahas upaya pencegahan konflik antara masyarakat lokal dengan pendatang di kabupaten Lampung Utara dengan prinsip nemui nyimah, konflik yang terjadi didasari keberagaman suku dan adat istiadat yang dimiliki masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan socio-legal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan upaya melakukan pencegahan konflik antara masyarakat lokal dan pendatang dengan prinsip nemui nyimah. Upaya penyelesaian konflik yang terjadi dengan prinsip nemui nyimah dapat melalui instrumen ippun aneg sebagai wadah untuk menumbuhkan sikap mendahulukan kepentingan bersama dibandingkan kepentingan pribadi. Selain itu, faktor pendukung dalam penyelesaian konflik yang terjadi didukung atas nilai yang dipegang teguh oleh masyarakat seperti budi bahaso, titei gumattei, dan lima prinsip hidup dalam pergaulan sehari-hari, konflik yang tidak kompleks, kesadaran atas kepentingan bersama, dan dukungan pemerintah dalam mengantisipasi konflik.

The state capital will be moved from Jakarta to East Kalimantan. The buffer zone for the new State Capital must prepare early for the presence of the State Capital. There will be a new development, population migration, job competition, transport overcrowding, and air pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to know the legal policies issued by the buffer zone of the new State Capital in determining the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) and the factors that influence it. Normative legal research method by using a positive legal system to get a juridical answer. As a result, the buffer zone of the state capital has not issued a legal policy on the RTRW in dealing with the new state capital. There are other policies issued, for example, the North Penajam Paser Regency issued regent regulation number 22 of 2019 concerning Supervision and Control of Land Sale/purchase Transactions/Transfer of Land Rights. The issuance of the RTRW legal policy can become the legality of development carried out by local governments and the prevention of legal actions, both violations, and crimes.

This study aims to evaluate the growth of natural feed, growth, survival rate, and production of white shrimp culture in an extensive system. A total of 9 ponds of 500 m2 were used as research containers. This study used a CRD with 3 treatments each with 3 replications. The treatments tried were: A = pond solid waste as organic fertilizer (2000 kg/ha) + Urea (100 kg/ha) + SP 36 (100 kg/ha), B = KCP PLUS + Urea (100 kg/ha) + SP 36 (100 kg/ha) and C= KM+Urea (100 kg/ha) + SP 36 (100 kg/ha). The test animals’ average weight of 0.027 g/ind, stocked at a density of 4 ind/m2. Supplementary fertilizer was given 10% of the initial dose and given every week. The results showed that the application of pond solid waste organic fertilizer gave a relatively similar response to the use of other commercial fertilizers on the growth of white shrimp. The survival and shrimp production significantly differed from other treatments. The abundance of individual phytoplankton ranging from 565-2588 ind/L and zooplankton ranges from 523-652 ind/L. The plankton diversity index (H’) ranges from 1.47-2.12, the uniformity index (E) ranges from 0.52-0.83, and the dominance index (D) ranges from 0.16-0.38.

Abstract The aim of this research is to construct an SIR model for COVID-19 with fuzzy parameters. The SIR model is constructed by considering the factors of vaccination, treatment, obedience in implementing health protocols, and the corona virus-load. Parameters of the infection rate, recovery rate, and death rate due to COVID-19 are constructed as a fuzzy number, and their membership functions are used in the model as fuzzy parameters. The model analysis uses the generation matrix method to obtain the basic reproduction number and the stability of the model’s equilibrium points. Simulation results show that differences in corona virus-loads will also cause differences in the transmission of COVID-19. Likewise, the factors of vaccination and obedience in implementing health protocols have the same effect in slowing or stopping the transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia.

This study was conducted to investigate the perspectives of sports science students on factors affecting distance learning in the setting of Indonesian higher education institutions (HEIs). This study proposed an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) with eight variables; experience, enjoyment, self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, intention to use, and actual use. An online survey was used to collect data from 1291 respondents. The structural model was examined through the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The multi-group analysis (MGA) was conducted to understand the role of geographical areas in moderating all hypothetical relationships. The findings show that the respondents were not excited about online learning due to weak means (below 3) for most items of five variables; enjoyment, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intention to use. All relationships were supported except the relationship between experience and perceived usefulness. The strongest significant relationship emerged between intention to use and actual use. Meanwhile, the least significant relationship was found between self-efficacy and perceived usefulness. Three out of 12 hypotheses were confirmed regarding the differences of geographical areas (rural and urban) regarding all relationship paths. The findings add to a deeper understanding of the acceptability of distance learning during pandemics like COVID-19.

Abstract Population growth in Samarinda in 2017 and 2018 had an impact on the increasing development and significant growth of vehicles. Vehicle growth was not supported by the availability of parking lots, so the sidewalks became parking lots for vehicles. This research intended to find the legal protection for pedestrians in public spaces in Samarinda and its obstacles and supporting factors. The research method used was an empirical and juridical legal study by applying the laws and regulations as the basis for legal argumentation, as well as conducting interviews with relevant agencies related to research. Pedestrians in public spaces in Samarinda were protected by legal norms in Article 25 paragraph (1) of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation. Every road used for public traffic must have sidewalks for pedestrians. Sidewalks in Samarinda had become a place for hawkers to sell and for riders or drivers to park their vehicles. The inhibiting factors were the limited availability of the budget, sidewalks for trading by hawkers, sidewalks for parking lots. Supporting factors were legal certainty, the realization of law order, and legal protection for students. Keywords: Sidewalks; Pedestrians Abstrak Pertumbuhan penduduk di Kota Samarinda pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 berdampak pada meningkatnya pembangunan dan pertumbuhan kendaraan bermotor yang signifikan. Pertumbuhan kendaraan tidak didukung dengan ketersediaan lahan parkir, sehingga trotoar menjadi tempar parkir kendaraan bermotor. Bagaimana perlindungan hukum kepada pejalan kaki pada ruang publik di Kota Samarinda dan apa faktor penghambat dan pendukungnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yuridis empiris dengan menerapakan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai landasan argumentasi hukum. Serta melakukan wawancara kepada instansi terkait yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Pejalan kaki pada ruang publik di Kota Samarinda dilindungi oleh norma hukum dalam Pasal 25 ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang LLAJ. Setiap jalan yang digunakan untuk lalu lintas umum wajib dilengkapi trotoar untuk Pejalan Kaki. Trotoar di Kota Samarinda menjadi tempat berjualan pedagang kaki lima dan parkir kendaraan bermotor. Faktor penghambat yaitu ketersediaan anggaran yang terbatas, trotoar digunakan berdagang oleh pedagang kaki lima, trotoar menjadi tempat parkir kendaraan bermotor. Faktor pendukung yaitu adanya kepastian hukum, terwujudnya ketertiban hukum dan perlindungan hukum kepada siswa/i. Kata Kunci: Trotoar; Pejalan Kaki

The law on child protection has been established since 2002 and was amended twice in 2014 and 2016. Local governments based on their authority to establish regional regulations on child protection such as that carried out by Samarinda City and Kutai Kartanegara District. The spirit of regional regulations is to strengthen the regulations that have been formed above by adjusting local wisdom. However, the child protection agency, the Center for Integrated Services for the Protection of Women and Children (P2TP2A), Samarinda City and Kutai Kartanegara Regencyin handling cases using laws rather than regional regulations. P2TP2A reports directly to the Women’s and Child Protection Unit (PPA) at the nearest Police station, so that the subject of law enforcement is carried out by the Police based on the provisions of the law not the enforcement of local regulations by the civil service police unit. The factor is that sanctions in the law are higher than the regulations, there are no special units such as the Protection of Women and Children (PPA) in the Pamong Praja police unit (Satpol PP) and personnel who do not have certificates handling child cases. How to cite item: Murjani, M., Sagama, S. (2020). Efektifitas peraturan daerah tentang perlindungan anak dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada anak. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 11(1), 102-110. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v11i1.3437

This research aims to develop school implementation guidance based on culture by government regulation no. 5 / 2011. Research and development (R & D) design use Allesi-Trollip model. Allesi-Trollip model consists of planning, designing, validating, revising, up to become a final product. Results of this research and development are (1) this research was successfully developed two books : (I) Rencana Tindakan Pengembangan Sekolah Berbasis Budaya and (II) Contoh Implementasi Pengembangan Sekolah Berbasis Budaya nilai Sopan Santun. These books which have been assessed by experts and got the score 4,36 (satisfactory). Assessment by the head of the primary school got score 4.39 (satisfactory). The average of these scores is 3.38 which also means satisfactory, and (3) The main qualitative results is SBB will soon to be socialized and implemented at elementary school which accompanied by Yogyakarta State University experts and supported by Dikpora.