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Introduction: Every year millions of people fall sick with Tuberculosis (TB). Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a life threatening public health crisis globally. Objective: To determine the successful treatment outcomes of MDR-TB in Bangladeshi population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH) Mohakhali, Dhaka, on 224 patients enrolled within July 2014 to June 2015. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and reviewing medical records. Results: A total of 224 MDR-TB patients’ histories were studied, among them male and female were 71% and 29% respectively. The average age was 37.6± 13.7 years. Of the total MDR-TB patients, 49(21.9%) were successfully treated, 124 (55.4%) had completed, 3(1.3%) had treatment failure, 5(2.2%) were lost to follow-up, 1(0.4%) was XDR-TB and 29 (12.9%) died. This study also found out that the patient with advanced age (≥55;p

Background: Health conditions like Diabetes mellitus sometimes affects serious to health due to unavailability of accurate check. But with advancements of diagnostics test like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can save many lives to detect Diabetes Mellitus. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the accuracy of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c.) in the diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: The Tertiary Medical College, Bangladesh, outpatient department (OPD) conducted this cross-sectional study. Where information was gathered between January 2019 and January 2020. During the research, a total of 100 individuals were enrolled with contemporaneous FPG, OGTT and A1c findings and diabetes mellitus suspicion. Purposive sampling was used to acquire the samples according to the inclusion criteria. Results: Most of the patients in the research were aged 47 to 57. 30.8% of the population and the majority (60%) were male. 71% of diabetes patients were identified alone by A1c, followed by 66% by 2h OGTT, and 43% of diabetic patients were diagnosed solely by fasting plasma glucose (FPG). IFG was found in 58% of the patients, whereas OGTT found IGT in 20% of the patients, and A1c found IGT in 24% of the patients. The difference between A1c and OGTT in diagnosing glucose intolerance was statistically significant (P 0.0001). Conclusion: This study's findings support the use of HbA1c as a screening tool for type 2 diabetes. Increasing access to diabetes care in Bangladesh may be made easier by using the HbA1c test, which is less onerous for patients than either FPG or oral glucose tolerance testing.

Objective: A prospective, observational study in Dhaka Medical College Hospital was carried out to assess the efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) of the transformation zone of cervix as an outpatient procedure as diagnostic and therapeutic purpose during visit of patients with the report of CIN II or CIN III on histopathology. Method: One hundred women over a period of one year from 1 st January to 31st December 2011 were treated with LEEP as an outpatient procedure. Among these women 63 patients were CIN II and 37 patients were CIN III on histopathology report. LEEP were done under local anaesthesia. All patients were followed up for one year with colposcopy and also histology where appropriate. Results: In all cases, the specimens obtained were adequate for histopathological assessment and in 98 (98%) cases the lesion had been completely excised. Two cases of CIN III required a second excision. One patient needed cervical sutures to achieve haemostasis following the excision. One patient was admitted in the hospital with primary haemorrhage. Two patients were admitted with secondary haemorrhage. Conclusion: LEEP under local anaesthesia is an effective technique. It enables the treatment of patients with cervical intraepithelial neaplasia and exclusion of invasive cancer in a subsequent visit. Thus adequate tissue is made available for accurate diagnosis, thereby improving the accuracy of treatment. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 5-8

Dried whole plant parts of Ludwigia hyssopifolia were subjected to successive cold extraction with n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. The methanol extract (LHM), obtained as 1% yield, showed significant antidiarrheal property by reducing diarrheal episodes in castor oil and serotonin induced diarrhea in laboratory mice at a dose of higher than 100 mg/kg body weight as compared to standard drug loperamide given at a dose of 66.67 microg/kg body weight. The percent reduction in diarrheal episode by 56.32 and 89.66 after castor oil challenge and 59.09 and 86.36 in serotonin induced diarrhea was observed at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively. The extract LHM was also found to reduce the gastrointestinal motility by 53.8% at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight as compared to control, while no remarkable inhibition of gastrointestinal motility was seen at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of the extract.

The hexane (PLH), ethyl acetate (PLE) and methanol (PLM) extracts of dried whole plant parts of Polygonum lanatum Roxb. (Family, Polygonaceae) obtained by successive cold extraction, were subjected to evaluate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and diuretic activity in experimental animals. Oral administration of either PLH and PLM at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight showed statistically significant (p0.001) inhibition of rat paw edema by 41.09% and 30.15%, respectively, which was comparable to that of standard drug phenylbutazone (42.15%). Compared to the inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing by aminopyrine (69.94%, p0.001), treatment with either PLH, PLE or PLM elicited significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing reflex by 44.80% (p0.001), 33.87% (p0.01) and 62.29% (p0.001), respectively. In addition, mild to potent diuretic activity was observed after oral administration of these extracts in Swiss albino mice.