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1. Multi-wavelength study of OT 081: broadband modelling of a transitional blazar

Author

MAGIC Collaboration, Abe, H., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Batković, I., Baxter, J., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Grau, R., Green, J. G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Morcuende, D., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Walter, R., Yamamoto, T., Collaborators, Benkhali, F. Ait, Becherini, Y., Bi, B., Böttcher, M., Bolmont, J., Brown, A., Bulik, T., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chibueze, J., Chibueze, O., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Ernenwein, J. -P., Fontaine, G., Gabici, S., Goswami, P., Holler, M., Jamrozy, M., Joshi, V., Kasai, E., Katarzyński, K., Khatoon, R., Khélifi, B., Kluzniak, W., Kosack, K., Stum, S. Le, Lemière, A., Marx, R., Moderski, R., Moghadam, M. O., de Naurois, M., Niemiec, J., O'Brien, P., Ostrowski, M., Peron, G., Pita, S., Pühlhofer, G., Quirrenbach, A., Rudak, B., Sahakian, V., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schutte, H. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Shapopi, J. N. S., Steenkamp, R., Steppa, C., Suzuki, H., Tanaka, T., Tluczykont, M., Venter, C., Wagner, S. J., Wierzcholska, A., Zdziarski, A. A., Żywucka, N., Collaboration, Fermi-LAT, González, J. Becerra, Ciprini, S., Venters, T. M., collaborators, MWL, D'Ammando, F., Esteban-Gutiérrez, A., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Filippenko, A. V., Hovatta, T., Jermak, H., Jorstad, S., Kiehlmann, S., Lähteenmäki, A., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E., Marscher, A. P., Morozova, D., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R., Steele, I. A., Tornikoski, M., Verrecchia, F., Xiao, H., and Zheng, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

OT 081 is a well-known, luminous blazar that is remarkably variable in many energy bands. We present the first broadband study of the source which includes very-high-energy (VHE, $E>$100\,GeV) $\gamma$-ray data taken by the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. imaging Cherenkov telescopes. The discovery of VHE $\gamma$-ray emission happened during a high state of $\gamma$-ray activity in July 2016, observed by many instruments from radio to VHE $\gamma$-rays. We identify four states of activity of the source, one of which includes VHE $\gamma$-ray emission. Variability in the VHE domain is found on daily timescales. The intrinsic VHE spectrum can be described by a power-law with index $3.27\pm0.44_{\rm stat}\pm0.15_{\rm sys}$ (MAGIC) and $3.39\pm0.58_{\rm stat}\pm0.64_{\rm sys}$ (H.E.S.S.) in the energy range of 55--300\,GeV and 120--500\,GeV, respectively. The broadband emission cannot be sucessfully reproduced by a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. Instead, an additional external Compton component is required. We test a lepto-hadronic model that reproduces the dataset well and a proton-synchrotron dominated model that requires an extreme proton luminosity. Emission models that are able to successfully represent the data place the emitting region well outside of the Broad Line Region (BLR) to a location at which the radiative environment is dominated by the infrared thermal radiation field of the dusty torus. In the scenario described by this flaring activity, the source appears to be an FSRQ, in contrast with past categorizations. This suggests that the source can be considered to be a transitional blazar, intermediate between BL~Lac and FSRQ objects., Comment: Accepted on MNRAS Corresponding authors: M. Manganaro, J. Becerra Gonz\'alez, M. Seglar-Arroyo, D. A. Sanchez

Published
2024

2. Standardised formats and open-source analysis tools for the MAGIC telescopes data

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Babić, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Bautista, A., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Bronzini, E., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kayanoki, T., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Saturni, F. G., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Silvestri, G., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Jouvin, L., Linhoff, L., and Linhoff, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Instruments for gamma-ray astronomy at Very High Energies ($E>100\,{\rm GeV}$) have traditionally derived their scientific results through proprietary data and software. Data standardisation has become a prominent issue in this field both as a requirement for the dissemination of data from the next generation of gamma-ray observatories and as an effective solution to realise public data legacies of current-generation instruments. Specifications for a standardised gamma-ray data format have been proposed as a community effort and have already been successfully adopted by several instruments. We present the first production of standardised data from the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes. We converted $166\,{\rm h}$ of observations from different sources and validated their analysis with the open-source software Gammapy. We consider six data sets representing different scientific and technical analysis cases and compare the results obtained analysing the standardised data with open-source software against those produced with the MAGIC proprietary data and software. Aiming at a systematic production of MAGIC data in this standardised format, we also present the implementation of a database-driven pipeline automatically performing the MAGIC data reduction from the calibrated down to the standardised data level. In all the cases selected for the validation, we obtain results compatible with the MAGIC proprietary software, both for the manual and for the automatic data productions. Part of the validation data set is also made publicly available, thus representing the first large public release of MAGIC data. This effort and this first data release represent a technical milestone toward the realisation of a public MAGIC data legacy., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Journal of High Energy Astrophysics

Published
2024

3. The variability patterns of the TeV blazar PG 1553+113 from a decade of MAGIC and multi-band observations

Author

MAGIC Collaboration, Abe, H., Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Grau, R., Green, J. G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hovatta, T., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavlović, D., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Sitarek, J., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Walter, R., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., collaborators, MWL, Jermak, H., Steele, I. A., Smith, P. S., Blinov, D., Raiteri, C. M., Villata, M., Mirzaqulov, D. O., Kurtanidze, S. O., Carosati, D., Savchenko, S. S., Acosta-Pulido, J. A., Borman, G. A., Bozhilov, V., Carnerero, M. I., Chigladze, R. A., Damljanovic, G., Ehgamberdiev, S. A., Feige, M., Grishina, T. S., Gupta, A. C., Hagen-Thorn, V. A., Ibryamov, S., Ivanidze, R. Z., Jorstad, S. G., Kania, J., Kimeridze, G. N., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kopp, M., Kunkel, L., Kurtanidze, O. M., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Lorey, C., Marchini, A., Marscher, A. P., Minev, M., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Ovcharov, E., Reinhart, D., Sadun, A. C., Scherbantin, A., Schneider, L., Semkov, E., Sigua, L. A., Steineke, R., Troitskaya, Yu. V., Troitskiy, I. S., Valcheva, A., Vasilyev, A. A., Vince, O., Zaharieva, E., Zottmann, N., Kiehlmann, S., Readhead, A., Max-Moerbeck, W., Reeves, R. A., Sandrinelli, A., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Giroletti, M., Righini, S., Marchili, N., Patricelli, B., Ghirlanda, G., and Lico, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

PG 1553+113 is one of the few blazars with a convincing quasi-periodic emission in the gamma-ray band. The source is also a very high-energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray emitter. To better understand its properties and identify the underlying physical processes driving its variability, the MAGIC Collaboration initiated a multiyear, multiwavelength monitoring campaign in 2015 involving the OVRO 40-m and Medicina radio telescopes, REM, KVA, and the MAGIC telescopes, Swift and Fermi satellites, and the WEBT network. The analysis presented in this paper uses data until 2017 and focuses on the characterization of the variability. The gamma-ray data show a (hint of a) periodic signal compatible with literature, but the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray data do not show statistical evidence for a periodic signal. In other bands, the data are compatible with the gamma-ray period, but with a relatively high p-value. The complex connection between the low and high-energy emission and the non-monochromatic modulation and changes in flux suggests that a simple one-zone model is unable to explain all the variability. Instead, a model including a periodic component along with multiple emission zones is required., Comment: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 19 pages, 9 figures. Corresponding authors: Elisa Prandini, Antonio Stamerra, Talvikki Hovatta

Published
2024
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4. Performance and first measurements of the MAGIC Stellar Intensity Interferometer

Author

MAGIC Collaboration, Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Bautista, A., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., na, L. Fari, Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kayanoki, T., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Silvestri, G., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Truzzi, M. Teshima S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Díaz, G. Chon C., Fiori, M., Lobo, M., Naletto, G., Polo, M., Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Saha, P., and Zampieri, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

In recent years, a new generation of optical intensity interferometers has emerged, leveraging the existing infrastructure of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The MAGIC telescopes host the MAGIC-SII system (Stellar Intensity Interferometer), implemented to investigate the feasibility and potential of this technique on IACTs. After the first successful measurements in 2019, the system was upgraded and now features a real-time, dead-time-free, 4-channel, GPU-based correlator. These hardware modifications allow seamless transitions between MAGIC's standard very-high-energy gamma-ray observations and optical interferometry measurements within seconds. We establish the feasibility and potential of employing IACTs as competitive optical Intensity Interferometers with minimal hardware adjustments. The measurement of a total of 22 stellar diameters are reported, 9 corresponding to reference stars with previous comparable measurements, and 13 with no prior measurements. A prospective implementation involving telescopes from the forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory's northern hemisphere array, such as the first prototype of its Large-Sized Telescopes, LST-1, is technically viable. This integration would significantly enhance the sensitivity of the current system and broaden the UV-plane coverage. This advancement would enable the system to achieve competitive sensitivity with the current generation of long-baseline optical interferometers over blue wavelengths., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2024
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5. Constraints on axion-like particles with the Perseus Galaxy Cluster with MAGIC

Author

MAGIC Collaboration, Abe, H., Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavlović, D., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., and Yamamoto, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons that emerge in various theories beyond the standard model. These particles can interact with high-energy photons in external magnetic fields, influencing the observed gamma-ray spectrum. This study analyzes 41.3 hrs of observational data from the Perseus Galaxy Cluster collected with the MAGIC telescopes. We focused on the spectra the radio galaxy in the center of the cluster: NGC 1275. By modeling the magnetic field surrounding this target, we searched for spectral indications of ALP presence. Despite finding no statistical evidence of ALP signatures, we were able to exclude ALP models in the sub-micro electronvolt range. Our analysis improved upon previous work by calculating the full likelihood and statistical coverage for all considered models across the parameter space. Consequently, we achieved the most stringent limits to date for ALP masses around 50 neV, with cross sections down to $g_{a\gamma} = 3 \times 10^{-12}$ GeV$^{-1}$., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe

Published
2024
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6. First characterization of the emission behavior of Mrk421 from radio to VHE gamma rays with simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Ammando, F., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Popolo, A., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavlović, D., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Liodakis, I., Jorstad, S. G., Gesu, L. D., Donnarumma, I., Kim, D. E., Marscher, A. P., Middei, R., Perri, M., Puccetti, S., Verrecchia, F., Leto, C., Pérez, I. De La Calle, Jiménez-Bailón, E., Blinov, D., Bourbah, I. G., Kiehlmann, S., Kontopodis, E., Mandarakas, N., Skalidis, R., Vervelaki, A., Aceituno, F. J., Agís-González, B., Sota, A., Sasada, M., Kawabata, K. S., Uemura, M., Mizuno, T., Akitaya, H., Casadio, C., Myserlis, I., Sievers, A., Lähteenmäki, A., Syrjärinne, I., Tornikoski, M., Salomé, Q., Gurwell, M., Keating, G. K., and Rao, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We perform the first broadband study of Mrk421 from radio to TeV gamma rays with simultaneous measurements of the X-ray polarization from IXPE. The data were collected within an extensive multiwavelength campaign organized between May and June 2022 using MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, XMM-Newton, Swift, and several optical and radio telescopes to complement IXPE. During the IXPE exposures, the measured 0.2-1 TeV flux is close to the quiescent state and ranges from 25% to 50% of the Crab Nebula without intra-night variability. Throughout the campaign, the VHE and X-ray emission are positively correlated at a $4\sigma$ significance level. The IXPE measurements unveil a X-ray polarization degree that is a factor of 2-5 higher than in the optical/radio bands; that implies an energy-stratified jet in which the VHE photons are emitted co-spatially with the X-rays, in the vicinity of a shock front. The June 2022 observations exhibit a rotation of the X-ray polarization angle. Despite no simultaneous VHE coverage being available during a large fraction of the swing, the Swift-XRT monitoring unveils an X-ray flux increase with a clear spectral hardening. It suggests that flares in high synchrotron peaked blazars can be accompanied by a polarization angle rotation, as observed in some flat spectrum radio quasars. Finally, during the polarization angle rotation, NuSTAR data reveal two contiguous spectral hysteresis loops in opposite directions (clockwise and counter-clockwise), implying important changes in the particle acceleration efficiency on $\sim$hour timescales., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 29 pages, 22 figures. Corresponding authors: Axel Arbet Engels, Felix Schmuckermaier, David Paneque

Published
2023

7. Unprecedented extreme high-frequency radio variability in early-stage active galactic nuclei

Author

Järvelä, E., Savolainen, T., Berton, M., Lähteenmäki, A., Kiehlmann, S., Hovatta, T., Varglund, I., Readhead, A. C. S., Tornikoski, M., Max-Moerback, W., Reeves, R. A., and Suutarinen, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report on the discovery of one of the most extreme cases of high-frequency radio variability ever measured in active galactic nuclei (AGN), observed on timescales of days and exhibiting variability amplitudes of three to four orders of magnitude. These sources, all radio-weak narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, were discovered some years ago at Aalto University Mets\"ahovi Radio Observatory (MRO) based on recurring flaring at 37 GHz, strongly indicating the presence of relativistic jets. In subsequent observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) at 1.6, 5.2, and 9.0~GHz no signs of jets were seen. To determine the cause of their extraordinary behaviour, we observed them with the JVLA at 10, 15, 22, 33, and 45 GHz, and with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 15 GHz. These observations were complemented with single-dish monitoring at 37 GHz at MRO, and at 15 GHz at Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO). Intriguingly, all but one source either have a steep radio spectrum up to 45 GHz, or were not detected at all. Based on the 37 GHz data the timescales of the radio flares are a few days, and the derived variability brightness temperatures and variability Doppler factors comparable to those seen in blazars. We discuss alternative explanations for their extreme behaviour, but so far no definite conclusions can be made. These sources exhibit radio variability at a level rarely, if ever, seen in AGN. They might represent a new type of jetted AGN, or a new variability phenomenon, and thus deserve our continued attention., Comment: 31 pages, 37 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2023

8. MAGIC detection of GRB 201216C at $z=1.1$

Author

Abe, H., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nanci, C., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pavlović, D., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Gomboc, A., Jordana-Mitjans, N., Melandri, A., Mundell, C. G., Shrestha, M., and Steele, I. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are explosive transient events occurring at cosmological distances, releasing a large amount of energy as electromagnetic radiation over several energy bands. We report the detection of the long GRB~201216C by the MAGIC telescopes. The source is located at $z=1.1$ and thus it is the farthest one detected at very high energies. The emission above \SI{70}{\GeV} of GRB~201216C is modelled together with multi-wavelength data within a synchrotron and synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) scenario. We find that SSC can explain the broadband data well from the optical to the very-high-energy band. For the late-time radio data, a different component is needed to account for the observed emission. Differently from previous GRBs detected in the very-high-energy range, the model for GRB~201216C strongly favors a wind-like medium. The model parameters have values similar to those found in past studies of the afterglows of GRBs detected up to GeV energies., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2023
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9. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data

Author

Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Bošnjak, Ž., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Busetto, G., Ordaz, A. Campoy, Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carrasco, M. S., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cornelia, A., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Del Popolo, A., Deleglise, G., Delfino, M., Mendez, C. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Pilato, A., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Díaz, C., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. Garcia, Garcia, E., Garczarczyk, M., López, R. J. García, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Jacquemont, M., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jobst, E., Jormanainen, J., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Linhoff, M., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Lezáun, M. Láinez, López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mang, N., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martí, J., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Mićanović, S., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neronov, A., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Satalecka, K., Sato, M., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Šarić, T., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, L., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Walter, R., Wei, Z., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Aims. LST-1, the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning in Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 (Large-Sized Telescope 1) to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes permits observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems. Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and use simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts. Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we find a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range ~60 GeV to ~10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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10. Long-term Swift and Mets\'ahovi monitoring of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7 reveals multi-wavelength correlated variability

Author

Romano, P., Lähteenmäki, A., Vercellone, S., Foschini, L., Berton, M., Raiteri, C. M., Braito, V., Ciroi, S., Järvelä, E., Baitieri, S., Varglund, I., Tornikoski, M., and Suutarinen, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on the first multi-wavelength Swift monitoring campaign performed on SDSS J164100.10+345452.7, a nearby narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy formerly known as radio quiet which was recently detected both in the radio (at 37 GHz) and in the $\gamma$-rays, which hints at the presence of a relativistic jet. During our 20-month Swift campaign, while pursuing the primary goal of assessing the baseline optical/UV and X-ray properties of J1641, we caught two radio flaring episodes, one each year. Our strictly simultaneous multi-wavelength data closely match the radio flare and allow us to unambiguously link the jetted radio emission of J1641. Indeed, for the X-ray spectra preceding and following the radio flare a simple absorbed power-law model is not an adequate description, and an extra absorption component is required. The average spectrum of J1641 can be best described by an absorbed power law model with a photon index $\Gamma=1.93\pm0.12$, modified by a partially covering neutral absorber with a covering fraction $f=0.91_{-0.03}^{+0.02}$. On the contrary, the X-ray spectrum closest to the radio flare does not require such extra absorber and is much harder ($\Gamma_{\rm flare} \sim 0.7\pm0.4$), thus implying the emergence of a further, harder spectral component. We interpret this as the jet emission emerging from a gap in the absorber. The fractional variability we derive in the optical/UV and X-ray bands are found to be lower than the typical values reported in the literature, since our observations of J1641 are dominated by the source being in a low state. Under the assumption that the origin of the 37 GHz radio flare is the emergence of a jet from an obscuring screen also observed in the X-rays, the derived total jet power is $P^{\rm tot}_{\rm jet}=3.5\times10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$, comparable to the lowest measured in the literature. [Abridged], Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (13 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables)

Published
2023
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11. Multiwavelength study of the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 between 2016 and 2020

Author

MAGIC Collaboration, Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Espiñeira, E. Do Souto, Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Green, J. G., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jiménez, I., Jormanainen, J., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Mićanović, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Peñil, P., Perennes, C., Persic, M., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Šnidarić, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Surić, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Zarić, D., de Palma, F., D'Ammando, F., Barnacka, A., Sahu, D. K., Hodges, M., Hovatta, T., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R., Pearson, T. J., Lähteenmäki, A., Björklund, I., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Suutarinen, S., Hada, K., and Niinuma, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We report multiwavelength observations of the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 in 2016-2020. Optical, X-ray and GeV flares were detected. The contemporaneous MAGIC observations do not show significant very-high-energy (VHE, >= 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission. The lack of enhancement in radio emission measured by OVRO indicates the multi-zone nature of the emission from this object. We constrain the VHE duty cycle of the source to be < 16 2014-like flares per year (95% confidence). For the first time for this source, a broadband low-state SED is constructed with a deep exposure up to the VHE range. A flux upper limit on the low-state VHE gamma-ray emission of an order of magnitude below that of the 2014 flare is determined. The X-ray data are used to fit the column density of (8.10 +- 0.93 stat ) x 10^21 cm^-2 of the dust in the lensing galaxy. VLBI observations show a clear radio core and jet components in both lensed images, yet no significant movement of the components is seen. The radio measurements are used to model the source-lens-observer geometry and determine the magnifications and time delays for both components. The quiescent emission is modeled with the high-energy bump explained as a combination of synchrotron-self-Compton and external Compton emission from a region located outside of the broad line region. The bulk of the low-energy emission is explained as originating from a tens-of-parsecs scale jet., Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2021
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12. Constraints on axion-like particles with the Perseus Galaxy Cluster with MAGIC

Author

Abe, H., Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V.A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L.A., Arbet Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baquero, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J.A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A.J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J.L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D’Amico, G., D’Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Del Popolo, A., Delgado, J., Delgado Mendez, C., Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Dominis Prester, D., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., García López, R.J., Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J.G., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Jiménez Martínez, I., Jormanainen, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G.W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P.M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Láinez Lezáun, M., Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J.M., Mirzoyan, R., Molero González, M., Molina, E., Mondal, H.A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Nava, L., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Njoh Ekoume, T., Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J.M., Pavlović, D., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Prada Moroni, P.G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F.G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J.L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Vazquez Acosta, M., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigorito, C.F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., and Yamamoto, T.

Published
2024
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13. Association of IceCube neutrinos with radio sources observed at Owens Valley and Mets\'ahovi Radio Observatories

Author

Hovatta, T., Lindfors, E., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., Hodges, M., Liodakis, I., Lahteenmaki, A., Pearson, T. J., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R. A., Suutarinen, S., Tammi, J., and Tornikoski, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Identifying the most likely sources for high-energy neutrino emission has been one of the main topics in high-energy astrophysics ever since the first observation of high-energy neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Active galactic nuclei with relativistic jets, also known as blazars, have been considered to be one of the main candidates because of their ability to accelerate particles to high energies. We study the connection between radio emission and IceCube neutrino events using data from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) and Mets\"ahovi Radio Observatory blazar monitoring programs. We identify sources in our radio monitoring sample that are positionally consistent with IceCube high-energy neutrino events. We estimate their mean flux density and variability amplitudes around the neutrino arrival time, and compare these with values from random samples to establish the significance of our results. We find radio source associations within our samples with 15 high-energy neutrino events detected by IceCube. Nearly half of the associated sources are not detected in the $\gamma$-ray energies, but their radio variability properties and Doppler boosting factors are similar to the $\gamma$-ray detected objects in our sample, meaning that they could still be potential neutrino emitters. We find that the number of strongly flaring objects in our statistically complete OVRO samples is unlikely to be a random coincidence (at $2\sigma$ level). Based on our results, we conclude that although it is clear that not all neutrino events are associated with strong radio flaring blazars, observations of large-amplitude radio flares in a blazar at the same time as a neutrino event are unlikely to be a random coincidence., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A (18 pages, 6 figures). Accepted version (v2) includes changes to methodology and associations, but the main conclusions are unaffected. V3 minor fix to numbers in Sect. 3.3.1. and some language edits

Published
2020
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14. Performance and first measurements of the MAGIC stellar intensity interferometer

Author

Abe, S, primary, Abhir, J, additional, Acciari, V A, additional, Aguasca-Cabot, A, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Aniello, T, additional, Ansoldi, S, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Arbet Engels, A, additional, Arcaro, C, additional, Artero, M, additional, Asano, K, additional, Babić, A, additional, Baquero, A, additional, de Almeida, U Barres, additional, Barrio, J A, additional, Batković, I, additional, Bautista, A, additional, Baxter, J, additional, González, J Becerra, additional, Bernardini, E, additional, Bernardos, M, additional, Bernete, J, additional, Berti, A, additional, Besenrieder, J, additional, Bigongiari, C, additional, Biland, A, additional, Blanch, O, additional, Bonnoli, G, additional, Bošnjak, Ž, additional, Burelli, I, additional, Busetto, G, additional, Campoy-Ordaz, A, additional, Carosi, A, additional, Carosi, R, additional, Carretero-Castrillo, M, additional, Ceribella, G, additional, Chai, Y, additional, Cifuentes, A, additional, Colombo, E, additional, Contreras, J L, additional, Cortina, J, additional, Covino, S, additional, D’Amico, G, additional, D’Elia, V, additional, Da Vela, P, additional, Dazzi, F, additional, De Angelis, A, additional, De Lotto, B, additional, de Menezes, R, additional, Del Popolo, A, additional, Delfino, M, additional, Delgado, J, additional, Mendez, C Delgado, additional, Pierro, F Di, additional, Venere, L Di, additional, Prester, D Dominis, additional, Donini, A, additional, Dorner, D, additional, Doro, M, additional, Elsaesser, D, additional, Emery, G, additional, Escudero, J, additional, Fariña, L, additional, Fattorini, A, additional, Foffano, L, additional, Font, L, additional, Fröse, S, additional, Fukami, S, additional, Fukazawa, Y, additional, López, R J García, additional, Garczarczyk, M, additional, Gasparyan, S, additional, Gaug, M, additional, Paiva, J G Giesbrecht, additional, Giglietto, N, additional, Giordano, F, additional, Gliwny, P, additional, Gradetzke, T, additional, Grau, R, additional, Green, D, additional, Green, J G, additional, Günther, P, additional, Hadasch, D, additional, Hahn, A, additional, Hassan, T, additional, Heckmann, L, additional, Herrera, J, additional, Hrupec, D, additional, Hütten, M, additional, Imazawa, R, additional, Ishio, K, additional, Jiménez Martínez, I, additional, Jormanainen, J, additional, Kayanoki, T, additional, Kerszberg, D, additional, Kluge, G W, additional, Kobayashi, Y, additional, Kouch, P M, additional, Kubo, H, additional, Kushida, J, additional, Láinez, M, additional, Lamastra, A, additional, Leone, F, additional, Lindfors, E, additional, Linhoff, L, additional, Lombardi, S, additional, Longo, F, additional, López-Coto, R, additional, López-Moya, M, additional, López-Oramas, A, additional, Loporchio, S, additional, Lorini, A, additional, Lyard, E, additional, Fraga, B Machado de Oliveira, additional, Majumdar, P, additional, Makariev, M, additional, Maneva, G, additional, Mang, N, additional, Manganaro, M, additional, Mangano, S, additional, Mannheim, K, additional, Mariotti, M, additional, Martínez, M, additional, Martínez-Chicharro, M, additional, Mas-Aguilar, A, additional, Mazin, D, additional, Menchiari, S, additional, Mender, S, additional, Miceli, D, additional, Miener, T, additional, Miranda, J M, additional, Mirzoyan, R, additional, González, M Molero, additional, Molina, E, additional, Mondal, H A, additional, Moralejo, A, additional, Morcuende, D, additional, Nakamori, T, additional, Nanci, C, additional, Neustroev, V, additional, Nickel, L, additional, Rosillo, M Nievas, additional, Nigro, C, additional, Nikolić, L, additional, Nilsson, K, additional, Nishijima, K, additional, Ekoume, T Njoh, additional, Noda, K, additional, Nozaki, S, additional, Ohtani, Y, additional, Okumura, A, additional, Otero-Santos, J, additional, Paiano, S, additional, Palatiello, M, additional, Paneque, D, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Paredes, J M, additional, Peresano, M, additional, Persic, M, additional, Pihet, M, additional, Pirola, G, additional, Podobnik, F, additional, Moroni, P G Prada, additional, Prandini, E, additional, Principe, G, additional, Priyadarshi, C, additional, Rhode, W, additional, Ribó, M, additional, Rico, J, additional, Righi, C, additional, Sahakyan, N, additional, Saito, T, additional, Satalecka, K, additional, Saturni, F G, additional, Schleicher, B, additional, Schmidt, K, additional, Schmuckermaier, F, additional, Schubert, J L, additional, Schweizer, T, additional, Sciaccaluga, A, additional, Silvestri, G, additional, Sitarek, J, additional, Sliusar, V, additional, Sobczynska, D, additional, Spolon, A, additional, Stamerra, A, additional, Strišković, J, additional, Strom, D, additional, Strzys, M, additional, Suda, Y, additional, Surić, T, additional, Suutarinen, S, additional, Tajima, H, additional, Takahashi, M, additional, Takeishi, R, additional, Temnikov, P, additional, Terauchi, K, additional, Terzić, T, additional, Teshima, M, additional, Truzzi, S, additional, Tutone, A, additional, Ubach, S, additional, van Scherpenberg, J, additional, Acosta, M Vazquez, additional, Ventura, S, additional, Viale, I, additional, Vigorito, C F, additional, Vitale, V, additional, Walter, R, additional, Will, M, additional, Wunderlich, C, additional, Yamamoto, T, additional, Chon, G, additional, Díaz, C, additional, Fiori, M, additional, Lobo, M, additional, Naletto, G, additional, Polo, M, additional, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J J, additional, Saha, P, additional, and Zampieri, L, additional

Published
2024
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15. Insights into the broad-band emission of the TeV blazar Mrk 501 during the first X-ray polarization measurements

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Bautista, A., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Ishio, K., Mart'inez, I. Jiménez, Kayanoki, T., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Silvestri, G., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Ventura, S., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Liodakis, I., Aceituno, F. J., Agís-González, B., Akitaya, H., Bernardos, M. I., Blinov, D., Bourbah, I. G., Casadio, C., Casanova, V., D'Ammando, F., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fernández-García, E., García-Comas, M., Gau, E., Gokus, A., Gurwell, M., Hakala, P., Hovatta, T., Hu, Y. -D., Husillos, C., Jormanainen, J., Jorstad, S. G., Kawabata, K. S., Keating, G. K., Kiehlmann, S., Kontopodis, E., Krawczynski, H., Lähteenmäki, A., Leto, C., Lisalda, L., Mandarakas, N., Marchini, A., Marscher, A. P., Max-Moerbeck, W., Middei, R., Mizuno, T., Myserlis, I., Nakaoka, T., Perri, M., Puccetti, S., Rao, R., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R., Cavero, N. Rodriguez, Salomé, Q., Sasada, M., Skalidis, R., Sota, A., Syrjärinne, I., Tornikoski, M., Uemura, M., Verrecchia, F., Vervelaki, A., Abe, S., Abhir, J., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. Arbet, Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Babić, A., Baquero, A., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Bautista, A., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M., Bernete, J., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bošnjak, Ž., Burelli, I., Busetto, G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cifuentes, A., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Popolo, A., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Gradetzke, T., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Günther, P., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hrupec, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Ishio, K., Mart'inez, I. Jiménez, Kayanoki, T., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lezáun, M. Láinez, Lamastra, A., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Lyard, E., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mang, N., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Martínez-Chicharro, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Silvestri, G., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Ventura, S., Viale, I., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Walter, R., Will, M., Wunderlich, C., Yamamoto, T., Liodakis, I., Aceituno, F. J., Agís-González, B., Akitaya, H., Bernardos, M. I., Blinov, D., Bourbah, I. G., Casadio, C., Casanova, V., D'Ammando, F., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fernández-García, E., García-Comas, M., Gau, E., Gokus, A., Gurwell, M., Hakala, P., Hovatta, T., Hu, Y. -D., Husillos, C., Jormanainen, J., Jorstad, S. G., Kawabata, K. S., Keating, G. K., Kiehlmann, S., Kontopodis, E., Krawczynski, H., Lähteenmäki, A., Leto, C., Lisalda, L., Mandarakas, N., Marchini, A., Marscher, A. P., Max-Moerbeck, W., Middei, R., Mizuno, T., Myserlis, I., Nakaoka, T., Perri, M., Puccetti, S., Rao, R., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R., Cavero, N. Rodriguez, Salomé, Q., Sasada, M., Skalidis, R., Sota, A., Syrjärinne, I., Tornikoski, M., Uemura, M., Verrecchia, F., and Vervelaki, A.

Abstract

We present the first multi-wavelength study of Mrk 501 including very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations simultaneous to X-ray polarization measurements from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). We use radio-to-VHE data from a multi-wavelength campaign organized between 2022-03-01 and 2022-07-19. The observations were performed by MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, Swift (XRT and UVOT), and several instruments covering the optical and radio bands. During the IXPE pointings, the VHE state is close to the average behavior with a 0.2-1 TeV flux of 20%-50% the emission of the Crab Nebula. Despite the average VHE activity, an extreme X-ray behavior is measured for the first two IXPE pointings in March 2022 with a synchrotron peak frequency >1 keV. For the third IXPE pointing in July 2022, the synchrotron peak shifts towards lower energies and the optical/X-ray polarization degrees drop. The X-ray polarization is systematically higher than at lower energies, suggesting an energy-stratification of the jet. While during the IXPE epochs the polarization angle in the X-ray, optical and radio bands align well, we find a clear discrepancy in the optical and radio polarization angles in the middle of the campaign. We model the broad-band spectra simultaneous to the IXPE pointings assuming a compact zone dominating in the X-rays and VHE, and an extended zone stretching further downstream the jet dominating the emission at lower energies. NuSTAR data allow us to precisely constrain the synchrotron peak and therefore the underlying electron distribution. The change between the different states observed in the three IXPE pointings can be explained by a change of magnetization and/or emission region size, which directly connects the shift of the synchrotron peak to lower energies with the drop in polarization degree., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 19 pages, 9 figures. Corresponding authors: Lea Heckmann, Axel Arbet Engels, David Paneque

Published
2024

16. Unprecedented extreme high-frequency radio variability in early-stage active galactic nuclei.

Author

Järvelä, E, Savolainen, T, Berton, M, Lähteenmäki, A, Kiehlmann, S, Hovatta, T, Varglund, I, Readhead, A C S, Tornikoski, M, Max-Moerbeck, W, Reeves, R A, and Suutarinen, S

Subjects
ACTIVE galactic nuclei, SHORTWAVE radio, COLLEGE radio stations, ASTROPHYSICAL jets, BRIGHTNESS temperature, BL Lacertae objects, SEYFERT galaxies, RADIO jets (Astrophysics)
Abstract

We report on the discovery of one of the most extreme cases of high-frequency radio variability ever measured in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), observed on time-scales of days and exhibiting variability amplitudes of 3–4 orders of magnitude. These sources, all radio-weak narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, were discovered some years ago at Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory (MRO) based on recurring flaring at 37 GHz, strongly indicating the presence of relativistic jets. In subsequent observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) at 1.6, 5.2, and 9.0 GHz no signs of jets were seen. To determine the cause of their extraordinary behaviour, we observed them with the JVLA at 10, 15, 22, 33, and 45 GHz, and with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 15 GHz. These observations were complemented with single-dish monitoring at 37 GHz at MRO, and at 15 GHz at Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO). Intriguingly, all but one source either have a steep radio spectrum up to 45 GHz, or were not detected at all. Based on the 37 GHz data, the time-scales of the radio flares are a few days, and the derived variability brightness temperatures and variability Doppler factors are comparable to those seen in blazars. We discuss alternative explanations for their extreme behaviour, but so far no definite conclusions can be made. These sources exhibit radio variability at a level rarely, if ever, seen in AGN. They might represent a new type of jetted AGN, or a new variability phenomenon, and thus deserve our continued attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data

Author

Abe, H., primary, Abe, K., additional, Abe, S., additional, Acciari, V. A., additional, Aguasca-Cabot, A., additional, Agudo, I., additional, Alvarez Crespo, N., additional, Aniello, T., additional, Ansoldi, S., additional, Antonelli, L. A., additional, Aramo, C., additional, Arbet-Engels, A., additional, Arcaro, C., additional, Artero, M., additional, Asano, K., additional, Aubert, P., additional, Baack, D., additional, Babić, A., additional, Baktash, A., additional, Bamba, A., additional, Baquero Larriva, A., additional, Baroncelli, L., additional, Barres de Almeida, U., additional, Barrio, J. A., additional, Batković, I., additional, Baxter, J., additional, Becerra González, J., additional, Bednarek, W., additional, Bernardini, E., additional, Bernardos, M. I., additional, Bernete Medrano, J., additional, Berti, A., additional, Besenrieder, J., additional, Bhattacharjee, P., additional, Biederbeck, N., additional, Bigongiari, C., additional, Biland, A., additional, Bissaldi, E., additional, Blanch, O., additional, Bonnoli, G., additional, Bordas, P., additional, Bošnjak, Ž., additional, Bulgarelli, A., additional, Burelli, I., additional, Burmistrov, L., additional, Buscemi, M., additional, Busetto, G., additional, Campoy Ordaz, A., additional, Cardillo, M., additional, Caroff, S., additional, Carosi, A., additional, Carosi, R., additional, Carrasco, M. S., additional, Carretero-Castrillo, M., additional, Cassol, F., additional, Castro-Tirado, A. J., additional, Cauz, D., additional, Cerasole, D., additional, Ceribella, G., additional, Chai, Y., additional, Cheng, K., additional, Chiavassa, A., additional, Chikawa, M., additional, Chytka, L., additional, Cifuentes, A., additional, Cikota, S., additional, Colombo, E., additional, Contreras, J. L., additional, Cornelia, A., additional, Cortina, J., additional, Costantini, H., additional, Covino, S., additional, D’Amico, G., additional, D’Elia, V., additional, Da Vela, P., additional, Dalchenko, M., additional, Dazzi, F., additional, De Angelis, A., additional, de Bony de Lavergne, M., additional, De Lotto, B., additional, De Lucia, M., additional, de Menezes, R., additional, Del Peral, L., additional, Del Popolo, A., additional, Deleglise, G., additional, Delfino, M., additional, Delgado Mendez, C., additional, Delgado Mengual, J., additional, della Volpe, D., additional, Dellaiera, M., additional, Depaoli, D., additional, Di Piano, A., additional, Di Pierro, F., additional, Di Pilato, A., additional, Di Tria, R., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Dominik, R. M., additional, Dominis Prester, D., additional, Donini, A., additional, Dorner, D., additional, Doro, M., additional, Díaz, C., additional, Eisenberger, L., additional, Elsässer, D., additional, Emery, G., additional, Escudero, J., additional, Fallah Ramazani, V., additional, Fariña, L., additional, Fattorini, A., additional, Ferrara, G., additional, Ferrarotto, F., additional, Fiasson, A., additional, Foffano, L., additional, Font, L., additional, Freixas Coromina, L., additional, Fröse, S., additional, Fukami, S., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Garcia López, R. J., additional, Garcia, E., additional, Garczarczyk, M., additional, García López, R. J., additional, Gasbarra, C., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Gasparyan, S., additional, Gaug, M., additional, Geyer, D., additional, Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Gliwny, P., additional, Godinović, N., additional, Grau, R., additional, Green, D., additional, Green, J. G., additional, Gunji, S., additional, Günther, P., additional, Hackfeld, J., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hahn, A., additional, Hashiyama, K., additional, Hassan, T., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Heckmann, L., additional, Heller, M., additional, Herrera Llorente, J., additional, Hirotani, K., additional, Hoffmann, D., additional, Horns, D., additional, Houles, J., additional, Hrabovsky, M., additional, Hrupec, D., additional, Hui, D., additional, Hütten, M., additional, Iarlori, M., additional, Imazawa, R., additional, Inada, T., additional, Inome, Y., additional, Ioka, K., additional, Iori, M., additional, Iotov, R., additional, Ishio, K., additional, Jacquemont, M., additional, Jiménez Martínez, I., additional, Jobst, E., additional, Jormanainen, J., additional, Jurysek, J., additional, Kagaya, M., additional, Karas, V., additional, Katagiri, H., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kerszberg, D., additional, Kluge, G. W., additional, Kobayashi, Y., additional, Kohri, K., additional, Kong, A., additional, Kouch, P. M., additional, Kubo, H., additional, Kushida, J., additional, Lainez, M., additional, Lamanna, G., additional, Lamastra, A., additional, Le Flour, T., additional, Leone, F., additional, Lindfors, E., additional, Linhoff, L., additional, Linhoff, M., additional, Lombardi, S., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loporchio, S., additional, Lorini, A., additional, Lozano Bahilo, J., additional, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., additional, Lyard, E., additional, Láinez Lezáun, M., additional, López-Coto, R., additional, López-Moya, M., additional, López-Oramas, A., additional, Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B., additional, Majumdar, P., additional, Makariev, M., additional, Mandat, D., additional, Maneva, G., additional, Manganaro, M., additional, Mangano, S., additional, Mang, N., additional, Manicò, G., additional, Mannheim, K., additional, Mariotti, M., additional, Marquez, P., additional, Marsella, G., additional, Martinez, O., additional, Martínez, G., additional, Martínez, M., additional, Martí, J., additional, Mas-Aguilar, A., additional, Maurin, G., additional, Mazin, D., additional, Menchiari, S., additional, Mender, S., additional, Mestre Guillen, E., additional, Micanovic, S., additional, Miceli, D., additional, Miener, T., additional, Miranda, J. M., additional, Mirzoyan, R., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Mićanović, S., additional, Molero González, M., additional, Molina, E., additional, Mondal, H. A., additional, Montaruli, T., additional, Monteiro, I., additional, Moralejo, A., additional, Morcuende, D., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moya, V., additional, Muraishi, H., additional, Murase, K., additional, Nagataki, S., additional, Nakamori, T., additional, Nanci, C., additional, Neronov, A., additional, Neustroev, V., additional, Nickel, L., additional, Nievas Rosillo, M., additional, Nigro, C., additional, Nikolić, L., additional, Nilsson, K., additional, Nishijima, K., additional, Njoh Ekoume, T., additional, Noda, K., additional, Nosek, D., additional, Nozaki, S., additional, Ohishi, M., additional, Ohtani, Y., additional, Oka, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Orito, R., additional, Otero-Santos, J., additional, Paiano, S., additional, Palatiello, M., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Pantaleo, F. R., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Paredes, J. M., additional, Pavletić, L., additional, Pech, M., additional, Pecimotika, M., additional, Peresano, M., additional, Persic, M., additional, Pfeiffle, F., additional, Pietropaolo, E., additional, Pihet, M., additional, Pirola, G., additional, Plard, C., additional, Podobnik, F., additional, Poireau, V., additional, Polo, M., additional, Pons, E., additional, Prada Moroni, P. G., additional, Prandini, E., additional, Prast, J., additional, Principe, G., additional, Priyadarshi, C., additional, Prouza, M., additional, Rando, R., additional, Rhode, W., additional, Ribó, M., additional, Rico, J., additional, Righi, C., additional, Rizi, V., additional, Rodriguez Fernandez, G., additional, Rodríguez Frías, M. D., additional, Sahakyan, N., additional, Saito, T., additional, Sakurai, S., additional, Sanchez, D. A., additional, Satalecka, K., additional, Sato, M., additional, Sato, Y., additional, Saturni, F. G., additional, Savchenko, V., additional, Schleicher, B., additional, Schmidt, K., additional, Schmuckermaier, F., additional, Schubert, J. L., additional, Schussler, F., additional, Schweizer, T., additional, Sciaccaluga, A., additional, Siegert, T., additional, Silvia, R., additional, Sitarek, J., additional, Sliusar, V., additional, Sobczynska, D., additional, Spolon, A., additional, Stamerra, A., additional, Strišković, J., additional, Strom, D., additional, Strzys, M., additional, Suda, Y., additional, Suutarinen, S., additional, Šarić, T., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Takahashi, M., additional, Takata, J., additional, Takeishi, R., additional, Tam, P. H. T., additional, Tanaka, S. J., additional, Tateishi, D., additional, Tavecchio, F., additional, Temnikov, P., additional, Terada, Y., additional, Terauchi, K., additional, Terzić, T., additional, Teshima, M., additional, Tluczykont, M., additional, Tokanai, F., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, L., additional, Travnicek, P., additional, Truzzi, S., additional, Tutone, A., additional, Ubach, S., additional, Vacula, M., additional, Vallania, P., additional, van Scherpenberg, J., additional, Vazquez Acosta, M., additional, Ventura, S., additional, Verguilov, V., additional, Viale, I., additional, Vigliano, A., additional, Vigorito, C. F., additional, Visentin, E., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Voutsinas, G., additional, Vovk, I., additional, Vuillaume, T., additional, Vázquez Acosta, M., additional, Walter, R., additional, Wei, Z., additional, Will, M., additional, Yamamoto, T., additional, Yamazaki, R., additional, Yoshida, T., additional, Yoshikoshi, T., additional, and Zywucka, N., additional

Published
2023
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18. MAGIC detection of GRB 201216C at z = 1.1

Author

Abe, H, primary, Abe, S, additional, Acciari, V A, additional, Agudo, I, additional, Aniello, T, additional, Ansoldi, S, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Engels, A Arbet, additional, Arcaro, C, additional, Artero, M, additional, Asano, K, additional, Baack, D, additional, Babić, A, additional, Baquero, A, additional, de Almeida, U Barres, additional, Barrio, J A, additional, Batković, I, additional, Baxter, J, additional, González, J Becerra, additional, Bednarek, W, additional, Bernardini, E, additional, Bernete, J, additional, Berti, A, additional, Besenrieder, J, additional, Bigongiari, C, additional, Biland, A, additional, Blanch, O, additional, Bonnoli, G, additional, Bošnjak, Ž, additional, Burelli, I, additional, Busetto, G, additional, Campoy-Ordaz, A, additional, Carosi, A, additional, Carosi, R, additional, Carretero-Castrillo, M, additional, Castro-Tirado, A J, additional, Ceribella, G, additional, Chai, Y, additional, Cifuentes, A, additional, Cikota, S, additional, Colombo, E, additional, Contreras, J L, additional, Cortina, J, additional, Covino, S, additional, D’Amico, G, additional, D’Elia, V, additional, Da Vela, P, additional, Dazzi, F, additional, De Angelis, A, additional, De Lotto, B, additional, Del Popolo, A, additional, Delfino, M, additional, Delgado, J, additional, Mendez, C Delgado, additional, Depaoli, D, additional, Di Pierro, F, additional, Di Venere, L, additional, Prester, D Dominis, additional, Donini, A, additional, Dorner, D, additional, Doro, M, additional, Elsaesser, D, additional, Emery, G, additional, Escudero, J, additional, Fari na, L, additional, Fattorini, A, additional, Foffano, L, additional, Font, L, additional, Fukami, S, additional, Fukazawa, Y, additional, López, R J García, additional, Garczarczyk, M, additional, Gasparyan, S, additional, Gaug, M, additional, Paiva, J G Giesbrecht, additional, Giglietto, N, additional, Giordano, F, additional, Gliwny, P, additional, Godinović, N, additional, Grau, R, additional, Green, D, additional, Green, J G, additional, Hadasch, D, additional, Hahn, A, additional, Hassan, T, additional, Heckmann, L, additional, Herrera, J, additional, Hrupec, D, additional, Hütten, M, additional, Imazawa, R, additional, Inada, T, additional, Iotov, R, additional, Ishio, K, additional, Martínez, I Jiménez, additional, Jormanainen, J, additional, Kerszberg, D, additional, Kluge, G W, additional, Kobayashi, Y, additional, Kouch, P M, additional, Kubo, H, additional, Kushida, J, additional, Lezáun, M Láinez, additional, Lamastra, A, additional, Leone, F, additional, Lindfors, E, additional, Linhoff, L, additional, Lombardi, S, additional, Longo, F, additional, López-Coto, R, additional, López-Moya, M, additional, López-Oramas, A, additional, Loporchio, S, additional, Lorini, A, additional, Lyard, E, additional, de Oliveira Fraga, B Machado, additional, Majumdar, P, additional, Makariev, M, additional, Maneva, G, additional, Mang, N, additional, Manganaro, M, additional, Mangano, S, additional, Mannheim, K, additional, Mariotti, M, additional, Martínez, M, additional, Mas-Aguilar, A, additional, Mazin, D, additional, Menchiari, S, additional, Mender, S, additional, Mićanović, S, additional, Miceli, D, additional, Miener, T, additional, Miranda, J M, additional, Mirzoyan, R, additional, González, M Molero, additional, Molina, E, additional, Mondal, H A, additional, Moralejo, A, additional, Morcuende, D, additional, Nanci, C, additional, Nava, L, additional, Neustroev, V, additional, Rosillo, M Nievas, additional, Nigro, C, additional, Nikolić, L, additional, Nilsson, K, additional, Nishijima, K, additional, Ekoume, T Njoh, additional, Noda, K, additional, Nozaki, S, additional, Ohtani, Y, additional, Okumura, A, additional, Otero-Santos, J, additional, Paiano, S, additional, Palatiello, M, additional, Paneque, D, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Paredes, J M, additional, Pavletić, L, additional, Pavlović, D, additional, Persic, M, additional, Pihet, M, additional, Pirola, G, additional, Podobnik, F, additional, Moroni, P G Prada, additional, Prandini, E, additional, Principe, G, additional, Priyadarshi, C, additional, Rhode, W, additional, Ribó, M, additional, Rico, J, additional, Righi, C, additional, Sahakyan, N, additional, Saito, T, additional, Satalecka, K, additional, Saturni, F G, additional, Schleicher, B, additional, Schmidt, K, additional, Schmuckermaier, F, additional, Schubert, J L, additional, Schweizer, T, additional, Sciaccaluga, A, additional, Sitarek, J, additional, Sliusar, V, additional, Sobczynska, D, additional, Spolon, A, additional, Stamerra, A, additional, Strišković, J, additional, Strom, D, additional, Strzys, M, additional, Suda, Y, additional, Suutarinen, S, additional, Tajima, H, additional, Takahashi, M, additional, Takeishi, R, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Temnikov, P, additional, Terauchi, K, additional, Terzić, T, additional, Teshima, M, additional, Tosti, L, additional, Truzzi, S, additional, Tutone, A, additional, Ubach, S, additional, van Scherpenberg, J, additional, Acosta, M Vazquez, additional, Ventura, S, additional, Verguilov, V, additional, Viale, I, additional, Vigorito, C F, additional, Vitale, V, additional, Vovk, I, additional, Walter, R, additional, Will, M, additional, Yamamoto, T, additional, Gomboc, A, additional, Jordana-Mitjans, N, additional, Melandri, A, additional, Mundell, C G, additional, Shrestha, M, additional, and Steele, I A, additional

Published
2023
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19. Long-term Swift and Metsähovi monitoring of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7 reveals multi-wavelength correlated variability

Author

Romano, P., primary, Lähteenmäki, A., additional, Vercellone, S., additional, Foschini, L., additional, Berton, M., additional, Raiteri, C.M., additional, Braito, V., additional, Ciroi, S., additional, Järvelä, E., additional, Baitieri, S., additional, Varglund, I., additional, Tornikoski, M., additional, and Suutarinen, S., additional

Published
2023
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20. Multiwavelength study of the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 between 2016 and 2020

Author

Acciari, V A, primary, Ansoldi, S, additional, Antonelli, L A, additional, Arbet Engels, A, additional, Artero, M, additional, Asano, K, additional, Baack, D, additional, Babić, A, additional, Baquero, A, additional, Barres de Almeida, U, additional, Barrio, J A, additional, Batković, I, additional, Becerra González, J, additional, Bednarek, W, additional, Bellizzi, L, additional, Bernardini, E, additional, Bernardos, M, additional, Berti, A, additional, Besenrieder, J, additional, Bhattacharyya, W, additional, Bigongiari, C, additional, Biland, A, additional, Blanch, O, additional, Bonnoli, G, additional, Bošnjak, Ž, additional, Busetto, G, additional, Carosi, R, additional, Ceribella, G, additional, Cerruti, M, additional, Chai, Y, additional, Chilingarian, A, additional, Cikota, S, additional, Colak, S M, additional, Colombo, E, additional, Contreras, J L, additional, Cortina, J, additional, Covino, S, additional, D’Amico, G, additional, D’Elia, V, additional, Da Vela, P, additional, Dazzi, F, additional, De Angelis, A, additional, De Lotto, B, additional, Delfino, M, additional, Delgado, J, additional, Delgado Mendez, C, additional, Depaoli, D, additional, Di Pierro, F, additional, Di Venere, L, additional, Do Souto Espiñeira, E, additional, Dominis Prester, D, additional, Donini, A, additional, Dorner, D, additional, Doro, M, additional, Elsaesser, D, additional, Fallah Ramazani, V, additional, Fattorini, A, additional, Ferrara, G, additional, Fonseca, M V, additional, Font, L, additional, Fruck, C, additional, Fukami, S, additional, García López, R J, additional, Garczarczyk, M, additional, Gasparyan, S, additional, Gaug, M, additional, Giglietto, N, additional, Giordano, F, additional, Gliwny, P, additional, Godinović, N, additional, Green, J G, additional, Green, D, additional, Hadasch, D, additional, Hahn, A, additional, Heckmann, L, additional, Herrera, J, additional, Hoang, J, additional, Hrupec, D, additional, Hütten, M, additional, Inada, T, additional, Inoue, S, additional, Ishio, K, additional, Iwamura, Y, additional, Jiménez, I, additional, Jormanainen, J, additional, Jouvin, L, additional, Kajiwara, Y, additional, Karjalainen, M, additional, Kerszberg, D, additional, Kobayashi, Y, additional, Kubo, H, additional, Kushida, J, additional, Lamastra, A, additional, Lelas, D, additional, Leone, F, additional, Lindfors, E, additional, Lombardi, S, additional, Longo, F, additional, López-Coto, R, additional, López-Moya, M, additional, López-Oramas, A, additional, Loporchio, S, additional, Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B, additional, Maggio, C, additional, Majumdar, P, additional, Makariev, M, additional, Mallamaci, M, additional, Maneva, G, additional, Manganaro, M, additional, Mannheim, K, additional, Maraschi, L, additional, Mariotti, M, additional, Martínez, M, additional, Mazin, D, additional, Menchiari, S, additional, Mender, S, additional, Mićanović, S, additional, Miceli, D, additional, Miener, T, additional, Minev, M, additional, Miranda, J M, additional, Mirzoyan, R, additional, Molina, E, additional, Moralejo, A, additional, Morcuende, D, additional, Moreno, V, additional, Moretti, E, additional, Neustroev, V, additional, Nigro, C, additional, Nilsson, K, additional, Nishijima, K, additional, Noda, K, additional, Nozaki, S, additional, Ohtani, Y, additional, Oka, T, additional, Otero-Santos, J, additional, Paiano, S, additional, Palatiello, M, additional, Paneque, D, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Paredes, J M, additional, Pavletić, L, additional, Peñil, P, additional, Perennes, C, additional, Persic, M, additional, Prada Moroni, P G, additional, Prandini, E, additional, Priyadarshi, C, additional, Puljak, I, additional, Rhode, W, additional, Ribó, M, additional, Rico, J, additional, Righi, C, additional, Rugliancich, A, additional, Saha, L, additional, Sahakyan, N, additional, Saito, T, additional, Sakurai, S, additional, Satalecka, K, additional, Saturni, F G, additional, Schleicher, B, additional, Schmidt, K, additional, Schweizer, T, additional, Sitarek, J, additional, Šnidarić, I, additional, Sobczynska, D, additional, Spolon, A, additional, Stamerra, A, additional, Strom, D, additional, Strzys, M, additional, Suda, Y, additional, Surić, T, additional, Takahashi, M, additional, Tavecchio, F, additional, Temnikov, P, additional, Terzić, T, additional, Teshima, M, additional, Tosti, L, additional, Truzzi, S, additional, Tutone, A, additional, Ubach, S, additional, van Scherpenberg, J, additional, Vanzo, G, additional, Vazquez Acosta, M, additional, Ventura, S, additional, Verguilov, V, additional, Vigorito, C F, additional, Vitale, V, additional, Vovk, I, additional, Will, M, additional, Wunderlich, C, additional, Zarić, D, additional, de Palma, F, additional, D’Ammando, F, additional, Barnacka, A, additional, Sahu, D K, additional, Hodges, M, additional, Hovatta, T, additional, Kiehlmann, S, additional, Max-Moerbeck, W, additional, Readhead, A C S, additional, Reeves, R, additional, Pearson, T J, additional, Lähteenmäki, A, additional, Björklund, I, additional, Tornikoski, M, additional, Tammi, J, additional, Suutarinen, S, additional, Hada, K, additional, and Niinuma, K, additional

Published
2021
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21. Association of IceCube neutrinos with radio sources observed at Owens Valley and Metsähovi Radio Observatories

Author

Hovatta, T., primary, Lindfors, E., additional, Kiehlmann, S., additional, Max-Moerbeck, W., additional, Hodges, M., additional, Liodakis, I., additional, Lähteemäki, A., additional, Pearson, T. J., additional, Readhead, A. C. S., additional, Reeves, R. A., additional, Suutarinen, S., additional, Tammi, J., additional, and Tornikoski, M., additional

Published
2021
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22. Cyclo-oxygenase 2 is expressed in the wall brain AVM vessels and associates with inflammation – a putative mediator of vessel wall remodeling in brain AVMs

Author

Keränen, S, Suutarinen, S, Laakkkonen, J, Guo, D, Pawlikowska, L, Jahromi, BR, Rauramaa, T, Krings, T, Koivisto, T, Lawton, MT, Radovanovic, I, Kim, H, Faughnan, M, and Frösen, J

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Objective: Arteriovenous malformations in the brain (bAVM) may rupture causing severe disability or death. Currently there is no medical therapy to prevent AVM hemorrhage. BAVMs are characterized by abnormally high flow that has been shown to trigger degenerative expansive remodelling in other vessels.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 70. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), Joint Meeting mit der Skandinavischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie

Published
2019
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23. Somatic Activating KRAS Mutations in Arteriovenous Malformations of the Brain.

Author

Nikolaev, S. I., Vetiska, S., Bonilla, X., Boudreau, E., Jauhiainen, S., Jahromi, B. Rezai, Khyzha, N., DiStefano, P. V., Suutarinen, S., Kiehl, T.-R., Pereira, V. Mendes, Herman, A. M., Krings, T., Andrade-Barazarte, H., Tung, T., Valiante, T., Zadeh, G., Tymianski, M., Rauramaa, T., and Ylä-Herttuala, S.

Subjects
*ARTERIOVENOUS malformation, *ETIOLOGY of stroke, *BLOOD testing, *NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *GENETIC mutation, *PROTEIN metabolism, *CELL culture, *CELLULAR signal transduction, *COMPARATIVE studies, *EPITHELIAL cells, *GENE expression, *GENOMES, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *PHOSPHORYLATION, *PROTEINS, *RESEARCH, *TRANSFERASES, *EVALUATION research, *SEQUENCE analysis, ARTERIAL abnormalities
Abstract

Background: Sporadic arteriovenous malformations of the brain, which are morphologically abnormal connections between arteries and veins in the brain vasculature, are a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke in young adults and children. The genetic cause of this rare focal disorder is unknown.Methods: We analyzed tissue and blood samples from patients with arteriovenous malformations of the brain to detect somatic mutations. We performed exome DNA sequencing of tissue samples of arteriovenous malformations of the brain from 26 patients in the main study group and of paired blood samples from 17 of those patients. To confirm our findings, we performed droplet digital polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) analysis of tissue samples from 39 patients in the main study group (21 with matching blood samples) and from 33 patients in an independent validation group. We interrogated the downstream signaling pathways, changes in gene expression, and cellular phenotype that were induced by activating KRAS mutations, which we had discovered in tissue samples.Results: We detected somatic activating KRAS mutations in tissue samples from 45 of the 72 patients and in none of the 21 paired blood samples. In endothelial cell-enriched cultures derived from arteriovenous malformations of the brain, we detected KRAS mutations and observed that expression of mutant KRAS (KRASG12V) in endothelial cells in vitro induced increased ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) activity, increased expression of genes related to angiogenesis and Notch signaling, and enhanced migratory behavior. These processes were reversed by inhibition of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-ERK signaling.Conclusions: We identified activating KRAS mutations in the majority of tissue samples of arteriovenous malformations of the brain that we analyzed. We propose that these malformations develop as a result of KRAS-induced activation of the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway in brain endothelial cells. (Funded by the Swiss Cancer League and others.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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24. Cyclo-oxygenase 2, a putative mediator of vessel remodeling, is expressed in the brain AVM vessels and associates with inflammation.

Author

Keränen S, Suutarinen S, Mallick R, Laakkonen JP, Guo D, Pawlikowska L, Jahromi BR, Rauramaa T, Ylä-Herttuala S, Marchuk D, Krings T, Koivisto T, Lawton M, Radovanovic I, Kim H, Faughnan ME, and Frösen J

Subjects
Brain pathology, Humans, Inflammation, Brain metabolism, Cyclooxygenase 2 genetics, Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations metabolism, Vascular Remodeling
Abstract

Background: Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) may rupture causing disability or death. BAVM vessels are characterized by abnormally high flow that in general triggers expansive vessel remodeling mediated by cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), the target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We investigated whether COX2 is expressed in bAVMs and whether it associates with inflammation and haemorrhage in these lesions., Methods: Tissue was obtained from surgery of 139 bAVMs and 21 normal Circle of Willis samples. The samples were studied with immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical data was collected from patient records., Results: COX2 expression was found in 78% (109/139) of the bAVMs and localized to the vessels' lumen or medial layer in 70% (95/135) of the bAVMs. Receptors for prostaglandin E2, a COX2-derived mediator of vascular remodeling, were found in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells and perivascular inflammatory cells of bAVMs. COX2 was expressed by infiltrating inflammatory cells and correlated with the extent of inflammation (r = .231, p = .007, Spearman rank correlation). COX2 expression did not associate with haemorrhage., Conclusion: COX2 is induced in bAVMs, and possibly participates in the regulation of vessel wall remodelling and ongoing inflammation. Role of COX2 signalling in the pathobiology and clinical course of bAVMs merits further studies., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Published
2021
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