Search

SMEs in Thailand use simple paper-based logbooks to record operating data of their equipment and processes such as pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate. However, this data collection method does not help the SMEs in identifying the problems in their day-to-day operations. This study presents examples of installing IoT metering devices in 21 SMEs in Thailand. The digital transformation helps to identify 34 potential energy saving measures. It was estimated that potential energy savings of 3,817 toe (tons of oil equivalent) per year, equal to ∼1,035,091 USD per year could be achieved. However, there are concerns about job security, data privacy and data security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repurposing used batteries for second-life applications has gained attention as a sustainable practice to reduce electronic waste. However, implementing reverse logistics for batteries faces significant challenges, including complex regulatory landscapes and safety requirements. This study focuses on the transportation of batteries failing safety criteria and highlights the need for specialized logistics firms. A recent breakthrough involving cryogenic freezing for lithium-ion batteries inspired this research, showing minimal impact on electrical performance. After flash cryogenic freezing, we extended this investigation to sodium-ion batteries and conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of both battery types. Our results reveal that cryogenic freezing has no discernible impact on voltage stability, battery capacity, or energy efficiency for either battery chemistry. These findings highlight the resilience of lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries to extreme cryogenic conditions and suggest their potential suitability for applications in harsh environments. Further research is needed to assess long-term effects and operational parameters for specific use cases. Nonetheless, our study provides a strong foundation for considering these batteries under cryogenic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions present a formidable obstacle to sustainable development, particularly within the transportation sector, contributing to nearly a quarter of global emissions. Notably, in Thailand, road transport accounts for over half of the transport sector's energy-related emissions. Driving behavior significantly affects vehicle energy consumption. Differences in acceleration and braking patterns can be indicative of variations in energy consumption levels. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is a type of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS), offering automatic speed control, which behaves differently than a human when driving. This enhancement affords greater operational ease to drivers and has the potential to exert a discernible influence on energy consumption paradigms. The current study compares the energy consumption patterns between driving with and without ACC functionality under real-world driving conditions. Three different drivetrains were tested, including a battery electric vehicle (BEV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV). The driving tests were conducted on various rural routes. Vehicle sensor data was collected utilizing an onboard diagnostics-II system. The empirical findings of the current study indicate that the deployment of ACC led to an approximate escalation in energy consumption rates of 0.26% for the HEV, 1.43% for the BEV, and 2.26% for the ICEV. The findings significantly contribute to understanding the potential environmental impacts of utilizing ACC technology across different drivetrains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the thermal behavior of a cryogenic heat pipe was experimentally investigated. The cryogenic heat pipe is a conventional type of a heat pipe (wicked heat pipe). The heat pipe studied here utilizes a cryogenic fluid as its working fluid and operates at low temperatures. To carry out the experiments, commercially available heat pipes that use water as the working fluid and are typically intended for use at room temperature were utilized. This study replaced the working fluid with either N2 or Ar. The heat pipe consists of copper and has a diameter of 6 mm, a length of 200 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm. The wick structure comprises sintered powder copper and grooves. The study investigated the impact of the filling ratio of the working fluid and the inclination angle of the cryogenic heat pipe. The N2− and Ar-heat pipes both exhibited an overall thermal resistance (Rth) value of 0.20 and 0.25 K/W, respectively, during normal heat pipe operation mode. It was found that the filling ratio of the working fluid had a significant impact on both the maximum heat transport capability, Qmax, and the overall thermal resistance of the heat pipe. Moreover, the inclination angle also had an effect on Qmax, with an angle greater than 10 ˚ when the evaporator section is positioned below the condenser section being found to notably increase the value of Qmax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) lattice structures are attractive metamaterials because they can be designed to have lightweight features and desirable properties. The anisotropic behavior of the lattice structures can help design engineers develop lattice structures suitable for applied load directions. This study described the degree of anisotropy of the lattices' elastic properties, with a focus on unit cells having various patterns and orientations. The mechanical anisotropy of lattice structures constructed of square, body-centered square, hexagonal, and diamond unit cells was analyzed using analytical techniques. The closed-form expressions and the transformation equations were utilized to determine the degree of anisotropy exhibited by these structures, which was subsequently represented by means of polar plots of their mechanical properties. Moreover, the anisotropic polar plots allowed for a detailed description of the mechanical performance of the lattice structures with varying unit cells, providing valuable insights into their underlying physical mechanisms. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the obtained results were confirmed by means of rigorous finite element simulations, thereby enhancing the robustness and validity of the research findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]