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The primary aim of this paper is to introduce a novel approach to simulating and predicting Marine Comprehensive Carrying Capacity (MCCC), which seeks to enhance the efficacy and accuracy of MCCC assessment and prediction. MCCC is crucial for effective marine resource management and sustainable energy exploitation, as it determines the maximum activities that the marine environment can support without significant degradation. Given the considerable complexity associated with the marine environment and the need for more reliable predictive technologies, this paper proposes an integrated model that combines the capabilities of the proven optimization algorithm, Enhanced Ant Colony, and System Dynamics Modelling. This approach allows for detailed simulation of the variables associated with MCCC, improving prediction precision.The study details the methodology for developing an adapted Ant Colony algorithm and the foundation of a system dynamics model. These models are interconnected within a single framework, tested across multiple scenarios to validate their robustness and sustainability. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach over conventional models in terms of prediction accuracy and precision, confirmed through both in-sample and out-of-sample validation procedures.This paper is a significant contribution to the fields of sustainability and energy management within marine environments. It provides a new tool for policymakers and environmental managers to enhance their decision-making processes with a greater depth of knowledge, ensuring the sustainable utilization of marine resources and energy potential.

The Coral Triangle region is facing negative impacts due to unbalanced carrying capacity and inappropriate public behavior, leading to unsustainable reef tourism. As a result, there has been increased awareness and preference for sustainable reef conservation (SRC). This study evaluates the integrative perspective framework of tourists' heterogeneity preferences in SRC programs using a choice experiment conducted in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP), Indonesia. The study found that tourists preferred boat anchoring at the mooring buoy, a lower number of boats, smaller tourist groups with interpretation, added information boards, and environmental awareness education. Additionally, this research revealed that most tourists preferred the alternative SRC program and had a heterogeneous preference, which showed different features among each group. The scenario of an integrative program generated the highest value compared to the "recreational management" and "institutional control" scenarios. This evidence can assist policymakers in adapting policies for SRC programs and in potentially securing conservation funds associated with enhancing the institutional aspects of carrying capacity and marine environmental education for sustainable marine development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Coral Triangle region is facing negative impacts due to unbalanced carrying capacity and inappropriate public behavior, leading to unsustainable reef tourism. As a result, there has been increased awareness and preference for sustainable reef conservation (SRC). This study evaluates the integrative perspective framework of tourists’ heterogeneity preferences in SRC programs using a choice experiment conducted in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP), Indonesia. The study found that tourists preferred boat anchoring at the mooring buoy, a lower number of boats, smaller tourist groups with interpretation, added information boards, and environmental awareness education. Additionally, this research revealed that most tourists preferred the alternative SRC program and had a heterogeneous preference, which showed different features among each group. The scenario of an integrative program generated the highest value compared to the “recreational management” and “institutional control” scenarios. This evidence can assist policymakers in adapting policies for SRC programs and in potentially securing conservation funds associated with enhancing the institutional aspects of carrying capacity and marine environmental education for sustainable marine development.