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Highlights: 1. Most malaria infections found in East Kutai Regency were found within the male group and had high contact with forest areas. 2. Malaria infections were found predominantly in the male group aged 25 to 34 years old. 3. Most of the malaria infections found were caused by Plasmodium vivax. Abstract: Background: Malaria is endemic in Indonesia and knowing the factors that are involved in malaria infection will help the development of surveillance, prevention, and disease control. Objective: This study aimed to identify the profile of malaria infection and the vectors known in East Kutai Regency, Indonesia, in 2016. Material and Method: This research was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used was taken from the 2016 annual report of The Health Office, East Kutai Regency. We evaluated malaria indicators, disease distribution, incidence (age, sex, and occupation), plasmodium species found and known vectors. Result: In 2016, there were 55 confirmed cases of malaria infection in East Kutai. The Annual Parasite Index was 0.16 per 1,000. Malaria patients were dominated by males (85.5%), aged between 25-34 years old with a mean age of 29.56 years. Most of the patients lived in Rantau Pulung (41.8%). Most of the patients had work that had high contact with forest areas (70.9%). Most of the patients were infected with Plasmodium vivax (58.2%). Identified vectors were Anopheles balabacensis which was found in Kaliorang District. Conclusion: The East Kutai Regency was classified as Low Case Incidence Area with most cases found in males of 24 to 34 years old whose work had high contact with forest areas. The identified plasmodium species were Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum while the identified vector was Anopheles balabacensis.

About 2 billion people in the world are infected with latent TB, and 5-10% of them will develop into active TB. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between nutritional status, behavior, duration of work, comorbidities, and workplace ventilation with the incidence of latent pulmonary TB. This type of research is an observational cross sectional analytic, a sample of research of poly TB analysts and nurses from 13 health centers in Surabaya, a sample of 30 people. Statistical analysis with Chi Square and t-2 test samples were free with a=0.05. The results of this study are: The proportion of latent TB incidence is (46.70%) and 85.71% of them are women. None of the respondents detected DM, and none of the history had HIV, silicosis or hepatitis. All workplace ventilation is not good. There was no relationship between nutritional status, behavior, duration of work and the incidence of latent pulmonary TB. The conclusions from the study are, 1) The proportion of health center health workers affected by latent pulmonary TB infection is 46.70%, 2) There is no relationship between nutritional status, length of work, and behavior of health center health workers in Surabaya with latent pulmonary TB incidence. The highest incidence of latent pulmonary TB occurred in those with a working period of five years or more, with the highest education in D3 medical analysts/akper. All workplace ventilation is not good. The highest incidence of latent pulmonary TB (42.86%) in employees at the PRM Health Center (microscopic referral health center).

Plague disease remains a public health problem in the world. According to the International Health Regulations (IHR), an outbreak is an infectious disease that has the potential to cause an outbreak. The purpose of this study was to analyze a significant relationship between human behavior and the environment with the density of the number of rats in the focus, threatened and outbreak-safe areas in Tutur Regency, Pasuruan Regency, in 2016. This was an observational analytic study with cross correlation sectional where the research variables are population behavior, environment, and the number of rat densities observed once at a time. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between the behavior (knowledge, attitude, and practice) of the population with the density of rats in the focus area of the Surorowo hamlet outbreak, in the endangered outbreaks of the Ngaro hamlet, and in the outbreak-safe area of the North Ngandong hamlet in Tutur District. Whereas, there is a significant relationship between environmental conditions and the amount of rat density in the focus area of the outbreak of the Surorowo hamlet (p: 0.047 or p

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), and nutritional status on blood pressure in class X and XI students, SMAK St. Hendrikus, Surabaya, Indonesia. The sample of students in class X and XI of SMAK St. Hendrikus Surabaya in 2013. The sample size was 150 students. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling. The independent variables were age, sex, BMI, and nutritional status, while the dependent variable was blood pressure. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test, Spearman, and Chi Square statistical test with ?=0.05. The level of risk was calculated by epi info program. Most students (40.7%) were 16 years old, those with pre-hypertension (systolic) 26.7%, grade 1 systolic hypertension by 1.3%, diastolic pre-hypertension 25.3% and grade 1 diastolic hypertension by 6.7%. Age did not have significant influence (p=0.623) on systolic blood pressure, but had a significant influence (p=0.002) on diastolic blood pressure. Male sex significantly influenced systolic (p=0.002, RR 5.36 95% CI 2.2320-12.8649) and diastolic (p

This study aimed to analyze the influence of health education on improcing health cadres' knowledge about Diabetes Melitus (DM) at Ayu Medokan Health Center, Surabaya, Indonesia. The type and design of this study was non-randomized pretest-posttest design, with samples of DM cadres in the working area of Medokan Ayu Health Center, Surabaya, Indonesia. Sample size was 24 persons. The treatment variable was health education, while the dependent variable was the increase of the cadres' knowledge about DM. Normality test was performed with Kolmogorov Smirnov (a=0.05) and data analysis with Paired t-test (a=0.05). This study found that DM cadres were mostly female (23 people), with the youngest age 24 years, and the oldest 61 years. The highest age group (45.80%) was 40-49 years with a mean age of 44.37 + 9.27 years. Most of DM cadres' education (62.5%) was senior high school, then junior high school (25%). Most (58.3%) of the DM cadres did not work or as housewives. Besides being a DM cadre, most of them also posyandu and bumantik cadres, 2) There was a significant difference (p

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world, its 5 years survival rate is only 17%, whereas its incidence is the first most in men and third in women. Methods: This research was a descriptive observational study. The samples were 240 patients of lung cancer in Poly Oncology Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya 2016-2017. Sampling technique was non-random sampling (consecutive sampling). The variables were: age, sex, smoking habits, type of lung cancer, type of mutation, stage, symptoms, Vena Cava Superior syndrome, and therapy. The data analyzed were analyzed descriptively. Results: Patients mostly at age 51-55 and 56-60 years old (18% each). Ratio men and women are 1,7:1. In all type of lung cancer, men are dominant than women and mostly patients is active smoker. Ephidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation found in adenosquamous (75%) and adenocarcinoma (65%). Most patients diagnosed at advance stage. Most symptoms are cough (70.4%), dyspnoea (50%), and chest pain (49.2%). Vena Cava Superior Syndrome (VCSS) found in adenocarcinoma (75%) and squamous cell carcinoma (25%). In adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous, patients commonly got targeted therapy. Conclusion: Lung cancer patients: 1) Men tend to be exposed to younger than women, 2) ratio men and women is 1.7:1 and most type in lung cancer is adenocarcinoma 3) mostly patients is active smoker, 4) EGFR mutation tent to be in women with adenocarcinoma, 5) most stage is stage IV, 6) most symptoms is cough, 7) Vena Cava Superior Syndrome is in adenocarcinoma (75%) and carcinoma cell squamous (25%), 8) patients’ therapy mostly with targeted therapy followed by chemotherapy.

Based on some researches known that soursop leaf extract can improve beta cell injury. The aims of this study was to analyze the effect of soursop leaf extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and pancreatic beta cell number in male Wistar rats wich were exposed to a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. This study design is the only randomized posttest control group design. The total sample size is 50 male Wistar rats. The independent variable: high-fat diet, STZ, and soursop leaf extract; the dependent variable: pancreatic beta cells number, and FBG3. Data tested for normality with Kolmogorov-Smirnov (a=0.05) and tested of homogeneity with Levene (a =0.05). Comparison test between groups with Kruskal-Wallis (a=0.05), followed by Mann Whitney. Correlation test with Pearson (a=0.05) between dose of the soursop leaf extract and FBG3, and between dose and the number of pancreatic beta cells. The results of this study showed that the soursop leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg have an effect on fasting blood glucose levels and panreatic beta cells number;2)There is a significant negative correlation between the orograstric lavage of soursop leaf extract with FBG3 (r=-0.647;p

Body height estimation is one of important parameters used for establishing the individuality in cases of mutilated bodies or found body parts. It is not rare that in the cases of mutilation the police authority would only give the body parts or remaining skeletons of the victims. The aims of the study were to find body height estimation formula based on percutaneous of foot length and foot breadth in Javanese females at Surabaya Muhammadiyah University. The type of research design was cross-sectional observational study. Samples were Javanese females student at Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya , which was selected as the sample unit . The samples are in this study was Two-hundred and twenty-two people.The variabel independent of this research are foot length and foot breath, the variabel dependent is body height. Data were analyzed using normality test with Kolmogorov Smirnoff (a>0,05), Pearson correlation test (a

Masalah status gizi remaja akhir-akhir ini dapat menjadi faktor resiko penyakit seperti Diabetes Mellitus, Hipertensi, Penyakit Jantung Koroner, dan Ferrous Anemia Defisiensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang status gizi remaja akhir di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Surabaya pada bulan Juli 2014. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Surabaya pada bulan Juli 2014. Total sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 274 sampel. Penelitian ini mengukur index massa tubuh, jenis kelamin, usia, aktivitas, dan etnis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah status gizi yang normal merupakan status gizi yang paling banyak ditemui (62,40%), diikuti oleh kemukan (13,50%), status gizi kurang (9,48%), dan gemuk (8,02%). Kegemukan dan gemuk lebih sering terjadi pada laki-laki sedangkan status gizi kurang dan status gizi normal lebih sering terjadi pada perempuan. Keseluruhan status gizi terbanyak pada masa mahasiswa berumur 20 dan beretnis Jawa. Aktivitas sedang sebagian besar ditemukan pada kegemukan, gemuk, dan status gizi normal sementara aktivitas ringan sebagian besar ditemukan pada status gizi kurang. Kesimpulannya adalah gizi terbanyak merupakan status gizi normal yang dikarenakan sebagian besar remaja akhir (90,02%) mengerti akan dampak positif dari gizi normal maupun dampak negatif dari gizi lebih dan gizi kurang sehingga menerapkan pola hidup sehat sehari-hari, sedangkan status gizi tersedikit adalah gemuk, dimana seluruh (100%) remaja gemuk mengerti akan dampak negatif dari gizi lebih namun menyatakan masih sulit untuk menerapkan pola hidup sehat dikarenakan keterbatasan waktu untuk melakukan aktivitas fisik.

Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia merupakan satu dari dua penyebab terbesar kematian ibu setelah perdarahan di dunia. Menurunkan angka kematian ibu menjadi prioritas utama dalam perkembangan kesehatan di Indonesia dan berbagai upaya telah dilakukan termasuk upaya untuk menurunkan angka preeklampsia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia dan eklampsia di RSUD Dr Soetomo Surabaya periode Januari hingga Desember 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang menggunakan data sekunder dari data rekam medis pasien dengan preeklampsia dan eklampsia. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisa dengan metode deskriptif. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 393 sampel. Preeklampsia berat (PEB) lebih banyak terjadi dibandingkan preeklampsia lain (75,06%). Sebagian besar kasus (24,17%) didapatkan pada usia 26-30 tahun dengan puncak kejadian preeklampsia berat (PEB) pada usia >35 tahun. Didapatkan data nullipara 42,24%, telah melakukan ANC≥4 kali (69,72%), melakukan persalinan pada usia kehamilan 37-42 minggu (62,12%), melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir normal (66,67%) dan tidak memiliki riwayat hipertensi (75,83%). Temuan klinis di atas didukung oleh beberapa penelitian sebelumnya dimana angka kejadian preeklampsia berat merupakan yang paling tinggi, meskipun kisaran usia penderita yang ditemukan tidak sesuai dengan teori yang ada. Kejadian tertinggi pada nullipara sesuai dengan hasil penelitian sebelumnya dan teori yang menyebutkan nullipara sebagai salah satu faktor risiko preeklampsia, namun demikian, hipertensi yang dicurigai sebagai faktor risiko pada preeklampsia tidak didapatkan pada penelitian ini. Karakteristik ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia dan eklampsia di RSUD Dr Soetomo Surabaya periode Januari hingga Desember 2012 adalah usia ibu hamil 26-30 tahun, nullipara, frekuensi ANC≥4 kali, melakukan persalinan pada usia kehamilan 37-42 minggu, melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir normal dan tidak memiliki riwayat hipertensi.