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Termite is one type of insect include order Isoptera, that recorded about 200 species in Indonesia and has been identified just 179 species. Economic losses aused of termites in Indonesia have reached billions rupiah each year. One of the control it using the vegetable insecticide, which can be used as an alternative to ontroled insect because it meets the criteria that is safe, cheap, and easy to apply the farmers. One of the ingredients that can be used as an insecticide substitute is the mangrove. Secondary metabolites found in mangroves are alkaloids, phenolics, steroids and terpenoids where the active component is pharmacological, toxic and ecologic. This study aims to determine the effect of mangrove leaf extract of Avecennia marina as a vegetable pesticide against mortality of ground termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The design of this study was experimental study with the dose tested 5 different treatments is0% (C-), 0.5%, 1%, 2% and borax 1% (C +) and the different duration is 3 hours, 5 hours, and 7 hours in5 repetitions. Data analysis using factorial test followed by Duncan test. Based on the result of the research, the concentration of 0,5% mangrove leaf extract solution with 3 hours long wood soak can kill the ground termite of Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren 100% in 3 weeks. Keywords: termites, mangroves, pesticides vegetable rayap, bakau, pestisida nabati Rayap merupakan salah satu jenis serangga dalam ordo Isoptera yang tercatat di Indonesia sekitar 200 jenis dan baru 179 jenis yang sudah teridentifikasi. Kerugian ekonomis akibat rayap di Indonesia telah mencapai milyaran rupiah tiap tahunnya. Salah satu pengendaliannya dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati, yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengendalian serangga hama karena memenuhi kriteria yaitu aman, murah, dan mudah diterapkan petani. Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan sebagi bahan subtitusi insektisida adalah bakau. Metabolit sekunder yang ditemukan pada bakau-bakauan adalah golongan alkaloid, fenolat, steroid dan terpenoid dimana komponen aktif tersebut bersifat farmakologik, toksik dan ekologik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun bakau Avecennia marina sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap mortalitas rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan dosis yang diujikan5 perlakuan berbeda yakni 0% (C-), 0,5%, 1%, 2% dan boraks 1% (C+) serta variasi lama rendam kayu 3 jam, 5 jam, dan 7 jam sebanyak 5 kali ulangan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Faktorial dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh konsentrasi larutan ekstrak daun bakau 0,5% dengan lama rendam kayu 3 jam efektif dapat membunuh rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren sebesar 100% dalam 3 minggu. Keywords: termites, mangroves, pesticides vegetable, rayap, bakau, pestisida nabati

The spread of the COVID-19 virus that has occurred recently is fast the antiviral drugs are not yet available. The spread has to reduce the virus for mild sufferers, self-isolation is requested and for severe sufferers to be isolated in the hospital. One of the efforts to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is to increase endurance through the use of family medicinal plants (Toga). The potential of medicinal plants as immunomodulators is widely spread in Bangkong village. Bangkong is one of the sub-districts in Semarang City that is also affected by Covid-19, each resident has enough yard to make Toga park. This service activity aims to: (1) provide skills to PKK RW 7 women in designing Toga gardens by making Toga plant racks to decorate their home gardens which can serve as the basic ingredients for making ethnoscience-based Toga recipes; (2) providing knowledge and skills in cultivating Toga; (3) providing knowledge and skills in making ethnoscience-based herbal recipes; (4) providing skills in compiling ethnoscience-based cookbooks about the benefits and ways of presenting them. The approach methods used in the implementation are workshops, lectures/outreach, and training / mentoring. The workshop, given to convey theoretical knowledge about landscape architecture based on land area. In this activity the community service team explained how to make Toga's garden suitable for the land, looking beautiful and free from being damaged by chickens. The results of the training were agreed by the PKK mothers to make Toga in the form of a shelf. It is hoped that the training at the first meeting will produce Toga garden designs that can ensure that each Toga plant can live freely without being disturbed by one another. The lecture method is carried out to explain the benefits of medicinal plants, types of medicinal plants, how to reproduce, and how to treat them. The training method is carried out to provide skills to mothers in making recipes and herbal medicine that can be used to prevent Covid-19 infection. Mothers are very responsive in participating in extension activities on various kinds of plants that can increase endur. After participating in this activity, mothers have understood well the benefits of Toga to increase endurance and prevent being infected with the Corona - 19 viruses Keywords: Bangkong Semarang, Eetnoscience, Taman toga, Bangkong Semarang, Eetnoscience, Taman toga Penyebaran virus covid-19 yang terjadi akhir-akhir ini sangat cepat, obat antivirus belum tersedia. Untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus bagi penderita ringan diminta isolasi diri dan bagi penderita berat diisolasi di rumah sakit. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penularan covid-19 adalah dengan meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh melalui pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga (Toga). Potensi tanaman obat sebagai imunomodulator sangat banyak tersebar di lingkungan desa Bangkong. Bangkong merupakan salah satu kelurahan di Kota Semarang juga terdampak covid-19, tiap warga mampunyai halaman yang cukup untk membuat taman Toga. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) memberikan keterampilan kepada ibu-ibu PKK RW 7 mendesain taman Toga dengan membuat rak tanaman Toga sebagai penghias halaman rumah yang dapat berfungsi sebagai bahan dasar membuat resep Toga berbasis etnoscience; (2) memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membudidayakan Toga; (3) memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membuat membuat resep jamu berbasis etnoscience; (4) memberikan keterampilan menyusun buku resep berbasis etnoscience tentang manfaat dan cara penyajiannya. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan adalah workshop, ceramah/penyuluhan, dan pelatihan/pembimbingan. Workshop, diberikan untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan teoritis tentang arsitektur lanskap berdasarkan luas lahan. Pada kegiatan ini team pengabdian menjelaskan bagaimana membuat taman Toga yang sesuai dengan lahan, terlihat indah dan terbebas dirusak oleh ayam. Hasil pelatihan disepakati para ibu PKK membuat Toga dalam bentuk Rak. Pelatihan di pertemuan pertama diharapkan dihasilkan disain taman Toga yang dapat menjamin masing-masing tanaman Toga bisa hidup bebas tidak saling terganggu. Metode ceramah dilakukan untuk memberikan penjelasan tentang manfaat tanaman obat, jenis-jenis tanaman obat, cara memperbanyak dan cara perawatannya. Metode pelatihan dilakukan untuk memberikan keterampilan kepada ibu-ibu dalam membuat resep dan jamu yang dapat digunakan mencegah terkena Covid - 19Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, ibu-ibu sudah memahami dengan baik manfaat Toga untuk meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh dan mencegah terinfeksi virus Corona – 19 Keywords: Bangkong Semarang, Eetnoscience, Taman toga, Bangkong Semarang, Eetnoscience, Taman toga

There has been a recent outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) but the exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and vitamin E derivates are the major components in vaping-generated aerosols that are associated with EVALI. So far, there is no standard treatment for EVALI. Most cases are treated with antibiotics and steroids. Counseling for smoking cessation is an integral part of care for EVALI patients. Referral to addiction medicine may be beneficial. Considering the nonspecific presenting symptoms and the growing popularity of vaping devices, providers need to consider EVALI in the differential diagnosis of bilateral patchy ground-glass opacities with respiratory, constitutional, or gastrointestinal symptoms in patients using e-cigarettes. Here, we present four EVALI cases and review the pertinent imaging and pathological findings. Published version

Duck conservation strategy based on genetic characteristics has been undertaken to preserve indigenous breeds and produce high quality offspring. In addition, the genetic characteristic analysis provides further information for studying avian influenza viruses. The aim of this research was to study the genetic characterisation of indigenous Central Javanese duck in Indonesia using microsatellite markers. Microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (SSR) or short tandem repeats (STR) of various breeds of Central Javanese duck were analysed on 35 local ducks which consisted of seven variants of Javanese ducks in Central Java. Ten pairs of duck microsatellite primers were used to amplify the DNA from feathers. Nine out of 10 microsatellite loci (90%) demonstrated polymorphic patterns containing 50 alleles. The number of alelles varied from two to 10 alleles at various polymorphic microsatellite loci with an average of 5.56 alelles per locus. From the study, CAUD013 locus was determined as the highest heterozygosity with 0.882 score while CAUD030 locus was the lowest one with 0.034 score. Similarly, CAUD030 locus had the lowest PIC score (0.30) whereas the CAUD013 locus had the highest PIC value (0.869). Hence, it was showed that microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic in several loci for the Central Javanese duck and may be useful for genetic description of other native duck in terms of species conservation.