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A 200 kVA, 3000 RPM superconducting generator has been developed and tested. The rotor has been wound with superconducting wire of Nb-Ti alloy. A closed-circuit liquid helium system has been designed and installed for cooling the superconducting windings. The stator carries the air-gap type armature windings and a laminated-iron flux-shield. A new concept in the design of superconducting generators with high short-circuit ratio (more than 5) has been introduced. This eliminates the requirement of Electro-magnetic Damper (EMD) and Quick Response Excitation System (QRES). The generator has been comprehensively tested in superconducting state. Open-circuit and sustained short-circuit tests, 3-phase sudden short-circuit test, synchronization with grid and parallel operation with power system have been conducted. The synchronous machine was operated up to its rated kVA in the four quadrants - as generator and as condenser with leading and lagging power factors. A few special tests on superconducting generator, which were not reported earlier, such as direct-on-line starting of a 20 HP squirrel-cage induction motor and negative phase sequence tests have also been performed successfully. Test results and conclusions are given in the paper. Keywords - Superconducting Generator, Superconductivity, Electromagnetic Damper.

The present study was undertaken in four central districts of Karnataka namely Chitradurga, Davanagere, Shivamogga and Chikkamangalur to study the occurrence of anaplasmosis in sheep and the clinical signs associated with them. Out of the 182 sheep studied for various clinical signs suspected for anaplasmosis, 21 were found to be positive for Anaplasma organisms by Giemsa staining of blood smears. The occurrence was higher in females (15) than in males (6). The highest occurrence was in Chikkamangalur district (8) followed by Chitradurga and Shivamogga (5 each) and the least was in Davangere (3). The results suggested that clinical signs are not sufficient alone to make the definitive diagnosis of anaplasmosis in sheep and Giemsa staining is one of the most sensitive methods for diagnosis of Anaplasmosis in sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of pathogenic mycoplasma species in the population of respiratory disease suspected broiler breeder birds in two commercial poultry farms of Tamil Nadu was investigated. A total of 144 samples were collected from suspected rearing breeder birds and examined by culture and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting 16S rRNA of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS). 28 samples were found unfit due to high growth of contaminants and hence discarded. The samples showing whirlpool growth in liquid medium (suggestive of mycoplasma) were then inoculated on to solid medium and incubated anaerobically. 42 out of 116 (36.2%) samples showed whirlpool growth and were streaked on to solid medium, however "fried egg" like micro colonies of mycoplasma was evidenced in only 18 samples (15.5%) on day 5 after inoculation. The samples left after discarding the contaminated tubes were subjected to PCR with species specific primer of M. Synoviae. 57 out of 116 samples (49.1%) showed positivity to 207 bp (16s rRNA) product of MS. The nucleotide analysis of amplicon showed 96% homology with reference strain by BLAST analysis. This study revealed that MS infection represents a very serious issue to be considered in rearing broiler breeder birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which tries to confirm the Roumanian Fenar strain by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The study revealed that the bacterial genomic DNA extraction kit can effectively be applied for extraction of DNA from viral samples. The study showed that the PCR assay can be acquired a quick test to detect sheeppox vaccine virus when equated to other serological tests.

Interaction between tRNA and other polynucleotides with cytochrome c was studied by visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and gel mobility shift assay in view of the recently reported important regulatory role of tRNA in cytochrome c mediated apoptotic pathway. Visible spectroscopy showed perturbation in the heme binding environment in cytochrome c with tRNA binding. Fluorescence titrations indicated that cytochrome c binds to different polynucleotides with differing affinities. A weak binding was observed with single stranded polyribonucleotides and polydeoxyribonuleotides and strong binding with tRNA and double stranded DNA as indicated by extent of fluorescence quenching and binding constants. Calculation of thermodynamic binding parameters from fluorescence titrations indicated that three molecules of cytochrome c bound with one tRNA molecule with binding constant of 1.9 × 10(6) M(-1). The perturbation of cytochrome c structure caused by the binding of tRNA could be affecting its role in mediating apoptosis.

Cold shock proteins (Csp) are known to be expressed in response to sudden decrease in temperature. They are thought to be involved in a number of cellular processes viz., RNA chaperone activity, translation, transcription, nucleoid condensation. During our studies on ribosomal protein S1 in moderate halophile Halomonas eurihalina, we observed the presence of two strong poly (U) binding proteins in abundance in cell extracts from cells grown under normal growth conditions. The proteins can be isolated in a single step using Poly (U) cellulose chromatography. The proteins were identified as major cold shock proteins belonging to Csp A family by MALDI-TOF and bioinformatic analysis. Csp 12 kDa was found in both exponential and stationary phases whereas Csp 8 kDa is found only in exponential phase.