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This article discusses the Solow-Romet theory of economic growth, aiming to explain the relationship between household poverty in the Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) through investments in education, quality of life improvement, and health. The study examines various influence variables, including Non-Formal Education (XNF), Educational Scholarships (XBS), Protein Consumption (PK), Disease Prevention Costs (XL), Calorie Consumption (IK)), Health Insurance Variables (XAS ), and Food Security (XT) in assessing the poverty status of households in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2021. The estimation model employs a logit mode approach, using data from Susenas (National Socioeconomic) data for the Special Province of Yogyakarta, with a sample size of 4044 households. The findings of this study indicate that investments in non-formal education, school fees, and educational scholarships do not significantly affect family poverty status. However, increased investment in quality of life (such as calorie consumption) and health (including disease prevention and health insurance spending) will affect the poverty status of households in the Special Province of Yogyakarta in 2021.

This study examines the intellectual framework research in bank lending and technological innovation relationships in countries with high banking system liquidity. This study employs bibliometrics with R-studio tools and procedures to analyze documents regarding productions, collaborations, keyword occurrences, conceptual structure, and density and centrality occurrence's network. Combining data from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, this study obtained 939 documents from 527 sources with a significant opportunity for further elevation through combination with other themes. The development analysis based on the most related countries indicates that researchers from other countries have also conducted studies identified as having significant banking liquidity. Topic development and thematic evolution show that research on the role of bank lending on technological innovation evolves to environmental issues, with green credit as the most recent and emerging elaboration. For further direction, keywords in investment clusters can help elevate education, commerce, and impact clusters by combining them with research on government taxation, credit provision, sustainable development, and emission control themes.

Regional innovation should be adaptive because it involves uncertainties and risks, and the context of each region is critical to the success of innovation processes. However, regional areas often face unique challenges that require tailored approaches to innovation. The focus of innovation is evolving and needs to prioritize sustainability. Consequently, adaptable innovation approaches are essential to ensure the sustainability of addressing the challenges and opportunities that arise within each regional context. Thus, the paper aims to answer three research questions: 1) How are agile and open innovation concepts described within the context of regional innovation? 2) Are the concepts of agile and open innovation compatible for integration into an adaptive model in the development of regional innovation? and 3) What patterns or commonalities emerge in the comparison between theories identified for adaptive regional innovation? This research study adopts a conceptual synthesis approach to integrate the existing knowledge. It draws on two innovation concepts: agile innovation, which offers agility and open innovation to enrich collaboration in development. Our work makes a significant contribution by proposing an adaptive innovation model for regional innovation development that explains the integration of agile and open innovation. The adaptive innovation model defines essential activities such as innovation focus areas, idea management, concept development, implementation, and evaluation, which are all part of the innovation emphasis areas. It also identifies the quadruple helix as key players in this model. This methodology can be used by regional governments and policy makers to encourage regional innovation towards sustainability and resilience.

This study aims to analyze the comparison of the resilience of Islamic and conventional banking in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparison of banking resilience was proxied by the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR) factors, Return on Assets (ROA) and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) with the Multiple Discriminant Analysis test. In this case, the emphasis is placed on the patterns by which Islamic and conventional banking in ASEAN weathered the recent financial crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. The explanatory and quantitative analysis also used a purposive sample strategy and SPSS to obtain and analyze data from 120-unit analyses of Islamic and conventional banks, respectively. From 2020 to 2021, traditional banks in the ASEAN region, especially in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam, were emphasized. Moreover, some data were prioritized regarding the Comparison of Resilience of Sharia and Conventional Banking in ASEAN after the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that conventional and Islamic banks had different resilience due to the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR) factors, but there was no significant difference in the Return on Assets (ROA) and Non-Performing Loans (NPL). Based on the accuracy of the average prediction of 80%, conventional and Islamic bank groups had classification values of 48% and 88%, respectively. This indicated that Islamic financial institutions were more successful than conventional groups in implementing banking resilience.

The implementation of macroprudential supervision, significantly tighter capital regulation in developing economies, has recently been debated, which focuses on reducing bank risk-taking and promoting financial stability in the banking sector. Our study investigates the impact of prudential capital on commercial bank risk-taking in Indonesia. We employed a GMM system approach to analyze bank and macro level data from 2004 to 2019. Our result confirms that appropriate capital regulations for reducing bank risk-taking are heterogeneous. Traditional capital ratios decrease bank risk-taking. However, the risk-based capital ratio shows an unexpected affirmative effect. Implementing macroprudential policy instruments of capital buffer effectively manages bank risk, and so does the regulatory capital pressure variable. The results are intimate for guiding commercial banks' risk management and capital effectiveness.

AbstractThe Covid −19 pandemic has caused businesses to experience a sharp revenue decline due to lockdown policies. It takes resilience and effective leadership to steer businesses through this period of uncertainties. This paper examines how servant leadership (SL) moderates the relationship between grit facets (comprising of the perseverance of effort (PE) and the consistency of interest (CI) among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) business survival (BS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employed a cross-sectional survey method with a purposive sampling method toward employees from 425 SMEs located in West Java, the province hosting Indonesia’s highest number of SMEs. The questionnaire items were adapted from previous studies to encompass the variables in question effectively. The partial least square was employed in data analysis, revealing that PE positively affects BS (p = 0.012). The SL approach also strengthens the positive influence of PE on SME BS (p = 0.018). Theoretically, this study contributes to filling the gaps in the entrepreneurship literature involving grit and leadership types (in this context, servant leadership). Specifically, the results demonstrate how SL strengthens the grit characteristics in fostering SMEs” resilience during crises. On the practical front, the findings provide insights for entrepreneurs to utilize the SL approach to enhance the SMEs” resilience during the crisis. Additionally, the results offer policy recommendations to the Government to foster the development of SL and grit character among SMEs. This approach produces longer-lasting impacts and decreases reliance on governmental aid.

This study aims to determine an accurate forecasting model, especially an error rate of around 0, and to examine how the automatic rejection system reacts to stock price as a result of the pandemic. The statistical clustering method is used for the dataset in form of daily observations, while the sample covers the period of cases before and after COVID-19 pandemic from 02 January 2019 to 20 June 2020 at the Trinitan Minerals and Metal Company. Furthermore, the data used in the estimation are the opening and closing price of returns, which are later processed using SAS analysis tools. It is shown that the most appropriate decision-making processes are those proven to be most effective. Therefore, predicting future events based on a suitable time series model will help policymakers and strategists make decisions and develop appropriate strategic plans regarding the stock market. Meanwhile, 98% of the ARIMA (1,1,1) is a forecasting model which can be applied to predict stock prices. The new approach of this study is an integrated autoregressive moving average used as an attempt to accurately predict stock prices during a pandemic.

Cassava starch has been widely explored as film forming material, however its hydrophilicity restricts its application. Hydrophobic material such as modified starch can be used in the film elaboration to improve its quality. This study aims to examine the effect of modified cassava starch concentration on the physical, barrier, and mechanical properties of edible films. A completely randomized design was used with 5 concentrations of modified starch at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and 4 repetitions to obtain a total of 20 experimental combinations. The ANOVA showed that the modified starch concentration affected the compressive strength, thickness, transparency, and solubility of the edible film, but has no effect on its water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Usage of 20% modified starch gave the product with the best characteristics at 0.22 mm thickness, 89.45 N/m2 strength, 6.484%/mm transparency, 52.19% solubility, and 21.00 g/m2.hour WVTR.

Ecotourism is a model of sustainable tourism that is environmentally sound and needs to be developed. Ecotourism needs to be developed because it prioritizes environmental sustainability and pays attention to the balance of interactions between humans and nature. Thus, finding out how and to what extent ecotourism management supports environmental sustainability is this research’s focus point and objective. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive type. The descriptive type was chosen because it aims to obtain an overview of how and to what extent the local community ability to preserve the environment through the management of Sendang Sombomerti ecotourism in Sombomerten Village, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Primary data and secondary data also support data collection. Research informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The collected data were then analyzed using source triangulation. Based on the results of field data analysis, it is known that the local community management of Sendang Sombomerti ecotourism in preserving the environment can be categorized as good because it is by the principles of ecotourism development. So that realizing good environmental sustainability will be easily achieved and maintained, community economic sustainability will also be more easily realized.

In medicinal field, delivery agent is a very important substance to improve the efficiency of drug used by improving the stability and preventing the degradation of drug during the medical treatment. Due to these important roles of the drug delivery agent, the search of effective agent is continuously in progress. In this respect, this current research was carried out to synthesize cellulose–polylactic acid (cellulose-PLA), as a potential delivery agent of rifampicin for the curing of tuberculosis. Cellulose was isolated from cassava bagasse, while PLA was obtained from commercial supplier. The two raw materials were used to synthesize cellulose–PLA in 3.5% HCl as solvent under magnetic stirring. The product obtained was then characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Particle-Size Analysis (PSA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The FT-IR result showed the presence of hydroxy (3446 to 3429 cm−1) and carbonyl (1757 to 1759 cm−1), confirming the formation new bond between cellulose and PLA. The PSA characterization displays a particle-sizes of PLA are in the range of 960–92780 nm, while cellulose–PLA are in the range of 100–17730 nm demonstrating that cellulose-PLA combined to form more compact structures. The results of SEM analysis indicate the distinct feature of cellulose-PLA, and combination of the features in the cellulose and PLA image. The results of the dissolution test carried out two different concentrations of rifampicin revealed that the optimum dissolution (8.42%) was achieved with cellulose–PLA of 0.3%, dissolution time of 12 h, and pH of 7.4.

This study aims to determine the long-term impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Population (POP), Economic Complexity Index (ECI), and Energy Intensity (EI) on environmental quality as measured by carbon dioxide (CO2). The objects of this research are lower-middle income countries in the Asian region during the 2000-2018 range. The method used in this research a is Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS). The results of this study indicate that FDI, population, economic complexity, and energy intensity increase the amount of CO2. These results produce policies related to the environment, where the government, the private sector, and the community have the same vision to improve the quality of the environment. The policy that can be taken is by setting strict regulations for investors so that the pollution haven hypothesis does not occur in lower-income countries in Asia. The policy was adopted by imposing a carbon tax. This policy is accompanied by reducing the birth rate, increasing innovation and economic complexity by paying attention to environmental sustainability, as well as carrying out energy transformation. Thus, it is expected to reduce the spread of CO2 that lower-middle-income countries are ready to become upper-middle-income countries or even high-income countries.

This study aims to analyze company characteristics as a determinant of conventional and Islamic bank earnings management in several ASEAN countries (Association of South East Asian Nations). The Multiple Discriminant Analysis was applied to determine the differences between Islamic and Conventional Banks. This test was conducted based on Capital Adequacy Ratio, Income Before Tax and Interest, Non-Performing and Changing Loans, and Company's Size in the banks of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam from 2014 to 2018. The data obtained from 200 banking entities were analyzed discriminatively. The results showed that there were simultaneous differences between Capital Adequacy Ratio, Earnings Before Tax, Loan Loss Provision, Non-Performing and Changing Loans, and Company's Size as determinants of earnings management between Islamic and conventional banks. Also, it was found that Company's Size was the dominant variable determining the management differences. Based on Discriminant Analysis, there were significant differences in the determinants of conventional and Islamic earnings management. The Changing Loan variable showed the highest contribution in determining earnings management in Islamic banks. Overall, this study found that conventional banks dominated Islamic system in practicing earnings management.

This study aims to the rise in global economic integration is due to an expansion in volatility spillovers. Therefore, it is extraordinarily necessary to analyze the volatility spillovers for growing and developed international locations through the use of portfolio funding and danger management. This lookup investigates the Volatility Spillovers of Sharia Index on 6 ASEAN international locations all through the Covid-19 Pandemic the usage of the EGARCH model. Data have been received from 5 international locations with enormous volatility spillovers, particularly Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, to decide the reciprocal relationship of the inventory index in ASEAN as properly as the route of volatility movements. The result confirmed that this lookup is necessary for ASEAN traders besides for the Philippines. Furthermore, this lookup has sturdy sensible significance due to the fact the correct prediction of the volatility spillovers in worldwide fairness markets is quintessential for decreasing portfolio risk.

This study examines the effect of green management on earnings management in energy companies in Indonesia. The green management variable is proxied by environmental management, environmental performance, and environmental environment by using secondary data. The data used in this study is a regression panel data analysis for the 2015-2019 period. This study finds that green management does not have an impact on earnings management, but the size of the company that determines earnings management. The implication is that energy companies in Indonesia that implement green management do not determine companies to practice earnings management. On the other hand, the practice of earnings management is determined by the size of the company. Large companies tend to practice earnings management in providing financial statement information. Simultaneously, the green management variable and the size of the company together determine the company's earnings management practices in energy companies in Indonesia.

Lubuklinggau city's economic growth in 2012 is quite high relative directly or indirectly increasing urban population. In addition to the positive side, the urban as well as the growing negative impact of street children, street vendors, illegal immigrants, and so on. The condition can affect to the increasing workload of Civil Service Police Unit (municipal police) Lubuklinggau City. Taking into account the increased workload and Government Regulation (PP) No. 6 In 2010, the municipal police peint done rightsizing. How rightsizing Lubuklinggau City municipal police are professional, effective and efficient? Rightsizing is needed to improve the quality and service to the community needs to be better and more efficient. Selanjuntya to answer that question this study uses descriptive evaluative methods and semi-exploratory. The analysis shows that the city municipal police Litbuklinggau feasible arrangement with the organization in accordance with the Type A No. Permendagri. 40 in 2011. Kelayakkan is also supported by the Office of the real condition of the municipal police workload is increasing from year to knowledge, especially in the field of public law enforcement and community protection.

West Kalimantan province to target achievement of Human Development Index (HDI) in 2009 amounted to 69.15, however the HDI value is lower than target in the Medium Term Development Plan (MTDP) Region in 2008 to 2013 which amounted to 73.9. The condition is caused either because the conditions of infrastructure which is still not good. On the other hand, the provincial government has also improved the infrastructure, facilities and infrastructure to improve HDI West Kalimantan. Study was conducted to answer the question whether the increase in infrastructure construction, infrastructure, human resource and infrastructure development has been effective in humans in the West Kalimantan? What about human development each district/city in the province of West Kalimantan? How does the level of resource efficiency in improving IPM every district/city in the province of West Kalimantan? The goal is to evaluate and give a level of effectiveness and efficiency of human development in the province of West Kalimantan. Then, the concept of IPM is used is the result of Indonesia's human development congress. Software used in the analysis of DEA with DEA-Solver models Pro5.0 / BCC (BCC-0). Results of analysis showed that the human development of West Kalimantan Province is relatively less efficient, or with a value of 0.850. Health variables have the value 0.780, education variable with a value of 0.779 and variable purchasing power by 0.990. While the views of any districts/cities, four counties/cities have a very efficient value or the value of 1000 includes the District of North Kayong, Pontianak regency, Singkawang and Pontianak. District/cities with the more efficient is Sekadau District. While the other has an average value is less efficient.

Early Childhood Education is an important step in creating a high quality human. Data on 2008 show that, 41% children had early childhood education. This paper presents the evaluation of early childhood education based on district and municipality in Gorontalo Province. The analysis tools are DEA-BCC-O model Solver. The results show that four districts and municipality include in efficient category which are Gorontalo Municipality, Gorontalo District, Gorontalo North District and Pohuwato District. Meanwhile, two districts are include in not efficient category which are Bone Bolango District and Boalemo District

This study examines the political process of bureaucratic reform in Wonosobo regional government from 2011-2015. The article uses political and bureaucratic frameworks to describe the interplay of bureaucrats and politicians in the phases of bureaucratic reform. Data collection for this study employed document review and in-depth interviews with key informants. Results of the study show that the political process of bureaucratic reform mainly involved dialectical interactions between actors in the Wonosobo Regional Government and the Regional House of Representatives. The interplay of actors can then be explained through the actors’ configuration, issues that are confronted by the actors, conflicts of interest between actors, and influence tactics used by actors in managing issues and struggling for their interests. The experience of the Wonosobo regional government shows that bureaucratic reform does not only concern technical and administrative capacities in carrying out institutional arrangement, but it also involves political aspects namely visionary leadership, strong political will to conduct reform, and effective use of influential tactics to gain political supports for the reform.

Indigenous Public Administration (IPA) has attracted researchers' attention and awareness of the importance of developing contextual theory and practice of public administration, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. IPA emerges in many developing countries since the concept, theory and practice of Western Public Administration (WPA) have failed to respond to local issues, and therefore WPA practice is considered irrelevant. Basically, IPA is a constructed concept to fill a vacant space that unoccupied by Western Public Administration (WPA). This descriptive qualitative study aims to explain and criticize the theory and practice of IPA and WPA. The data were gathered from books, journals, institution reports, regulations and other relevant writings of organizations, professionals, and academicians. The technique of data analysis was based on a data analysis spiral. It reveals that IPA applies to countries such as Indonesia and China. In both countries, the practice of IPA helps to overcome public issues concerning social, economic, and political. It is expected that the findings of this study will pave the way for developing both concept and theory of IPA and responding to more complex society and government's demands and needs.

This research tested the influence of characteristics of the firms and of EVA (Eco-nomic Value Added) to stock of returns. This Research sample was company Self-100 ValueCreator of year 2001 until 2006. Result of research indicated that company size measure,profitability, capital structure (characteristics of the firms ) and EVA by stimulant had aneffect on significant to stock of returns, but by partial only characteristics company. Condi-tion of company fundamentals had an effect on significance to stock of returns. This indica-tion that investor still considered factors of fundamentals was having investment. EVA didnot have an effect on significant to stock of returns. This finding indicated that Model deter-mination of stock of returns (CAPM Irrelevant determined the level of EVA and also indicatedthat CAPM (Capital Assets Pricing Model) was not relevant in determining stock of returns inIndonesian Stock Exchange.

This research was to explain and analyze the different variable of Inflation Rate,Exchange Rate, Interest Rate, Ratio Plant Asset, Size Measure Company, Profitability, Growth ,LD / E, TD / TA, Stock of Return, Book To Market between company having Economic ValueAdded ( Positive ) and company having Economic Value Added ( Negative ). Analysis which wasused in this research was multivariate analysis of variant (MANOVA). There was different variableof Inflation Rate, Exchange Rate, Interest Rate, Ratio Plant Asset, Size Measure Company,Profitability, Growth , LD / E, TD / TA, Stock of Return, Book To Market between companyhaving Economic Value Added ( Positive) and negative EVA. However, by partial, only differentsale size was significant

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kurva Philips di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series 1981-2007. Metode yang digunakan dengan menggunakan regresi OLS dan membandingkan kurva Phillips linier dan non-linear kurva Phillips. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kurva Phillips di Indonesia adalah non-linier. Non-linear kurva Phillips menunjukkan bahwa bentuk permintaan agregat tidak vertikal, inflasi di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh harga masa depan yang diharapkan (ekspektasi inflasi) dan ada hubungan antara inflasi dan output potensial nasional.

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang hidrolisa bagas tebu menggunakan asam asetat sebagai katalis. Sebanyak 30 gram dihidrolisa dalam 300ml air yang mengandung katalis asam menggunakan asetat sebesar 7 sampai 9% v/v dengan variabel waktu dan temperatur hidrolisa selama 1 sampai 4 jam dan 80oC sampai 103oC pada kondisi atmosferik menggunakan reaktor tipe batch. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur dan waktu hidrolisa, serta konsentrasi katalis asam asetat terhadap perolehan furfural. Kemudian untuk menemukan kondisi paling efisien untuk memproduksi furfural menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan Software Design Expert 7.0.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan waktu dan temperatur hidrolisa akan meningkatkan perolehan furfural. Perolehan asam asetat juga meningkat rata-rata hingga 2 kali dari konsentrasi asam asetat awal. Hal ini terjadi karena pemutusan gugus acetyl dari fraksi hemiselulosa pada bagas tebu. Perolehan kondisi optimum yakni pada waktu dan temperatur hidrolisa 2 jam dan 103oC, konsentrasi katalis 9%, dengan konsentrasi furfural 4,10 mg/ml dan konsentrasi asam asetat 2,62 mmol/ml.

This research test and macroeconomic analyze influence to the firms characteristic, capital structure, valuebasedmanagement and corporate value. This research conducted at the firms of SWA 100 value creatorsamong year 2002 - 2006 in Stock Exchange Indonesia (BEI). This research use analysis of Structural EquationModeling (SEM). Result of analysis use modeling equation structural (SEM) of indicating that there is influenceof macroeconomic significant to characteristic of the firms, macroeconomic have effect significant to valuebasedmanagement and macro economics have effect significant to corporate value. Characteristic of the firmshave effect significant to value based management and characteristic of the firms have effect significant tocorporate value. Capital structure have effect significant to value based management, capital structure haveeffect significant to value of the firms and Value-based Management have effect to corporate value. Whilemacro economics do not significant to macro economics, characteristic of the firms do not significant to capitalstructure, so also value-based management do not significant to corporate value.

The act of terrorism stimulated by the notion of radicalism in Indonesia is not a new phenomenon. It has indeed existed since the beginning of Indonesia's independence; The forms, actors, motives, and movements radicalism are, however, different. Recently, there has been a growing discourse on radicalism among young Indonesians. This study investigated the relationship between four social factors, namely, religiosity, religious tolerance, relative deprivation, and social capital (independent variables) and the intensity of radicalism among school students (dependent variable) in Lampung, Indonesia. Three public schools and three madrasas were taken as research samples. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the extant literature and analyzed using chi-square and correspondence analysis. Each variable was found to have a relationship pattern with the intensity of student radicalism. The analysis revealed that two social factors, namely, religiosity and religious tolerance, had the strongest relationship with the intensity of radicalism. To reduce the impact of the intensity of radicalism, it is very important for the world of education to exercise social control over the relative backwardness of high school/"Madrasah Aliyah" students and provide social capital through an effective understanding of socialization process in schools. The expected implication is that the government, especially stakeholders in the education sector, must pay attention to the concerns of students as victims of radicalism and focus on the social factors and drivers of the intensity of radicalism so that students do not fall prey to radicalism.

Result of the general prospecting in East Kalimantan has found several radioactivity outcrop anomalies at upper Mahakam in the acid volcanic rock area which is approximately 25 km2 in wide. The objective of the research is to know detailed geological information and characteristic of uranium mineralization. Method of this research are detailed geological, radiometric and geochemical mapping 1:10.000 on scale. The lithology of Kawat area is composed of seven units of rock. They are black clay unit, feldspatic sandstone unit, Nyaan rhyolite unit, lower andesite unit, Kawat rhyolite unit, upper andesite unit and tuffaceous sandstone unit. Evolving fault is dextral fault and normal fault. The trending of dextral fault is west-east and southwest-northeast, meanwhile the trending of normal faults is west-east and southwest - northeast. There are two period of uranium mineralization occurrences in the area, the first is connected with the eruption of Nyaan rhyolite magma and the second is connected with the eruption of Kawat rhyolite magma. Uranium mineralization occurred in the stage of hydrothermal process and including in the pneumatogenic class of volcanogenic uranium deposits. This investigation has yielded two sites of potential uranium sector are the Nyaan sector with an area of about 6 km2 and Kawat sector with an area of about 10 km2.

Biokonversi selulosa yang terkandung di dalam jerami padi memerlukan sumber enzim selulase yang dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme antara lain actinomycetes. Isolat AcP-7 merupakan salah satu actinomycetes yang telah berhasil disolasi dari jerami padi yang memiliki kemampuan selulolitik cukup baik dengan indek selulolitik sebesar 3,36. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum fermentasi padat menggunakan inokulum actinomycetes isolat AcP-7 pada media jerami padi. Tiga perlakuan pH pada level 6,00;7,00;dan 8,00 diujikan bersamaan dengan perlakuan perbandingan substrat : moisture masing-masing 1:1; 1:2; 1:3; dan 1:4. Setelah kondisi optimum diperoleh enzim selulase diproduksi menggunakan kondisi tersebut dan beberapa parameter kinetika fermentasi dievaluasi. Kondisi optimum fermentasi padat isolat AcP-7 pada substrat jerami padi berada pada pH 8,00 dengan perbandingan substrat : moisture 1:4. Fase eksponensial tercapai pada fermentasi hari ke-9 sampai hari ke-21 dengan laju pertumbuhan spesifik biomass sebesar 1,394 cfu mL-1 per-hari. Koefisien rasio produk terhadap substrat (Yp/s) sebesar 0,329, rasio produk terhadap biomass sel (Yp/x) sebesar 15,160, dan rasio biomass terhadap substrat (Yx/s) sebesar 0,020. Laju maksimum produksi glukosa (μ maks) sebesar 31,25 g per hari dengan Konstanta Monod (Ks) sebesar 74,34 g, sedangkan laju spesifik pembentukan produk maksimum (qp) sebesar 2,061 g/g biomass per-hari dan penggunaan substrat maksimum (qs) dengan sistem fermentasi yang diterapkan dapat mencapat 1557,5 g.

Teaching practice is an activity designed to enable students in mastering teaching skills. This activity is very important to improve the ability of prospective teachers, because theoretical knowledge has not been able to equip the teaching practice. The practice of teaching at schools provides a real experience for students in the real class, because theoretical knowledge through the process of learning in the classroom can not equip the teaching practice. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Indonesia Open University (UT) with distance learning system has designed Teaching Practice through Praktek Kemampuan Mengajar (PKM) course with 3 credit score. PKM is implemented in the schools where they teach and are guided by two supervisors. The PKM exam is conducted at the designated centre schools at each UT Regional Office . This study is aimed to evaluate the activities of PKM students of Economic Education Studies Program FKIP UT in UT Regional Office. The study was conducted at 12 UT Regional Office samples involving respondents consisting of UT students and UT Regional Office staff. The results showed the level of independence of students doing PKM was quite high (72%). This level of independence needs to be supported by a 43% improvement in preparation and administrative services at UT Regional Office. In the implementation of teaching practice in schools, in average 53.14% Supervisor 1 and 63.86% Supervisor 2 always provide direction in accordance with UT standards. While 62.5% of Headmaster Sentra has role in accordance with its function.

Poverty occurs because of minimum living standards. Revenues occur through the production process. This study wants to show how the consumption of fossil fuels, educational investment and physical capital in the process of economic growth affect the status of low-income families. Solow growth models will be used to explain the impact of fossil fuel consumption, education investment, and physical capital, Yogyakarta Special Province on poverty. The study was conducted by looking at the use of fossil fuels, investment of educators, and physical capital performed by households in Yogyakarta Special Province. The total sample of 3606 households obtained from raw Susenas 2013 data. Estimation model with Logit regression approach.

This paper aims to analyze the determinants of poverty in Gunungkidul Regency in 2006. It analyses SUSENAS data using the logit model with the estimation method of Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE). The variables included in the model are the characteristics of demography, economic factors, residential region and business loan. The result shows that poverty in Gunungkidul Regency is associated with residential region, household size, level of employment in agricultural sector, level of education, and the age of household’s head. It also shows that household size is the main source of poverty. In addition, business loan is of important determinant factors in poverty reduction. Keywords: demography, poverty, household size, business loan

This research investigated demand for demand deposit in foreign exchange. Data used was panel data, which is combination from time series data and cross sectional data. Estimation method used was generalized least square (GLS) with polled regression, fixed effect (Covariance model) and random effect (Error model) models. Based on restricted F test and Lagrange Multiplier test (LM test), it is known that fixed effect model is the best model to explain demand for demand deposit in foreign exchange. It means that element of region (regency/municipality) effects model structure. Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) regression model by incorporating time element indicates that local autonomy event did not influence model structure. It is supported with Chow test indicating that the model is stable due to enforcement of Law No 22 and 25 of 1999. Keys Word: demand deposits in foreign exchange, panel data, fixed effect model

Cellulose is a natural polymer contained in growing fibres, such as pineapple fibres. Cellulose can be modified into cellulose acetate, a modified polymer that can be used in the synthesis of a cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol (CA/PEG) membrane. The phase inversion method was used in this study to produce CA/PEG membranes. Variations in polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration with a ratio of 1:1 to cellulose acetate, where variations in PEG concentrations used are 2%, 5% and 8%. Acetone and dimethylformamide are used as organic solvents. Membrane morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and functional group analysis using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer were performed for membrane characterisation. The result of the synthesis of the CA/PEG membrane is in the form of a thin white layer. The characterisation results of the FTIR spectrometer showed the vibration of the carbonyl bond at wavenumber 1729 cm--1 and the vibration of the hydroxyl bond torque at the wave number 648 cm--1, where the vibration intensity decreased with each addition to the concentration. The results of SEM characterisation show that the increase in PEG concentration increases the percentage porosity of the membrane. The membranes with 2%, 5% and 8% PEG have porosity percentages of 51.54%, 68.70% and 73.50%, respectively. As the membrane with 2% PEG has the lowest percent porosity, it has more potential in removing or filtering solutes from a fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]