Search

Copyright of Baghdad Science Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Aims: Traumatic brain injury is a significant public problem with an incidence of 10 million people per year, causing the largest deaths and disabilities worldwide. Head injuries can be classified into primary and secondary head injuries. Secondary head injuries can be caused by several factors such as ischemia, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation. AIF and MMP-9 are two parameters that can be indicators in measuring the effect of Oleuropein on traumatic brain injury in rats. Oleuropein itself has many activities such as antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 grams) were exposed to head injury, with or without intraperitoneal administration of Oleuropein. Within 24-72 hours brain tissue was isolated for immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA, and TUNEL. AIF, GFAP, MMP-9, and HMGB-1 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry in both the control and treatment groups. Statistical analysis was made using the One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test. Results: The results showed that Oleuropein was able to reduce AIF and MMP-9 levels in rats with traumatic brain injury. This indicates that Oleuropein has a neuroprotective effect by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Conclusion: Oleuropein has a potential neuroprotective effect in traumatic brain injury by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, Oleuropein can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for traumatic brain injury in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients suffering from primary headaches such as migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache frequently report cognitive problems, particularly with attention and memory. The aim of this study was to see if there was a link between pain intensity and cognitive function in people who had primary headaches. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 69 primary headache patients (37 migraines, 27 tension-type headaches and 5 cluster headaches; age range 18–80 year). Migraine, tension-type headache and cluster headache diagnosis were determined according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version (ICHD-3 beta) diagnostic criteria. All eligible subjects underwent cognitive function examination using Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-INA), Trail Making test A (TMT-A), Trail Making test B (TMT-B), Trail Making test C (TMT-C), Forward Digit Span and Backward Digit Span. The intensity of pain was assessed using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results: There were 69 primary headache patients included in this study, 52 (75.4%) patients had abnormal MoCA-INA, 52(75.4%) patients had abnormal Forward Digit Span and 48(69.6%) patients had abnormal Backward Digit Span. There was significant correlation between pain intensity and cognitive function in migraine, TTH and cluster headaches patients. The MoCA-INA, Forward Digit Span and Backward Digit Span had negative correlations with pain intensity, whereas TMT A-time, TMT A-error, TMT B-time and TMT B-error had positive correlation. Conclusion: There were significant associations between pain intensity of and cognitive function in primary headaches with p<0.05. It is suggested that the more severe pain intensity, the more impair of cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Headaches, especially migraines and tension-type headaches (TTH), are among the most prevalent problems encountered in neurology and medicine. Ongoing debate surrounds the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this condition. One of the potential ideas involves inflammation and diet. The purpose of the study was to compare the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, vitamin D and magnesium in 23 migraineurs and 23 TTH-diagnosed sufferers. The CRP level (4.8±3.7 mg/L) was found to be significantly different between migraineurs and TTH sufferers, with a significant difference (p=0.03) between the two groups of headache sufferers. Vitamin D serum levels (19.5±7.9 ng/L) and TTH serum levels (26.7±8.4) were observed to differ significantly. Magnesium serum levels (p=0.692) did not differ significantly between the two headache patient groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of studies have shown evidence of shortening of leukocyte telomere length in people with schizophrenia. Telomere shortening has been associated with acceleration of the biological aging process of body cells, decreased cognitive function, and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases and malignancies. This study aims to assess the relationship between leukocyte telomere length and cognitive function and symptom severity in people with schizophrenia from the Batak tribe. Method: This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design using numerical correlative tests. Sampling for research subjects was carried out at the Regional Mental Hospital Prof. dr. M. Ildrem Medan. The leukocyte telomere length analysis examination was carried out at the Prodia Private Clinical Laboratory in Medan City. This research was carried out for 6 months, starting from January to June 2023. Results: The study included 85 people with schizophrenia from the Batak tribe who were seeking treatment at Rumah Sakit Jiwa Prof. M. Ildrem Medan. Subjects were predominantly male (80%) with a mean age of 30.38 years (SD: 3.2), median age of 30 years (25-35). In cognitive function, the mean MoCA-Ina score was 17.33 (SD: 5.4). Regarding the severity of schizophrenia symptoms, the mean PANSS score was 48.87 (SD: 9.73). The results of the leukocyte telomere length examination showed that the mean T/S β-globin measurement ratio was 0.92 (SD: 0.04), while the mean B4AU T/S measurement ratio was 0.99 (SD: 0.05). There was no significant relationship between leukocyte telomere length and cognitive function (p>0.05). A significant relationship was found between leukocyte telomere length and the severity of schizophrenia symptoms, both for the β-globin T/S measurement ratio (p=0.034, r=-0.23) and for the B4AU T/S measurement ratio (p=0.037, r= -0.227). The results of this study are in line with a number of previous studies which stated that there is a relationship between the severity of symptoms in schizophrenia and the length of leukocyte telomeres. The shorter the telomeres, the higher the severity of the symptoms and vice versa. Conclusion: This study also shows the possible role of telomere length analysis as a biomarker in assessing the course of the disease and prognosis in people with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A number of studies have shown evidence of shortening of leukocyte telomere length in people with schizophrenia. Telomere shortening has been associated with acceleration of the biological aging process of body cells, decreased cognitive function, and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases and malignancies. The study aimed to assess the relationship between leukocyte telomere length and cognitive function and symptom severity in people with schizophrenia from the Batak tribe. Method: This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design using numerical correlative tests. Sampling for research subjects was carried out at the Regional Mental Hospital Prof. dr. M. Ildrem Medan. The leukocyte telomere length analysis examination was carried out at the Prodia Private Clinical Laboratory in Medan City. This research was carried out for 6 months, starting from January to June 2023. Results: The study included 85 people with schizophrenia from the Batak tribe who were seeking treatment at Rumah Sakit Jiwa Prof. M. Ildrem Medan. Subjects were predominantly male (80%) with a mean age of 30.38 years (SD: 3.2), median age of 30 years (25-35). In cognitive function, the mean MoCA-Ina score was 17.33 (SD: 5.4). Regarding the severity of schizophrenia symptoms, the mean PANSS score was 48.87 (SD: 9.73). The results of the leukocyte telomere length examination showed that the mean T/S β-globin measurement ratio was 0.92 (SD: 0.04), while the mean B4AU T/S measurement ratio was 0.99 (SD: 0.05). There was no significant relationship between leukocyte telomere length and cognitive function (p>0.05). A significant relationship was found between leukocyte telomere length and the severity of schizophrenia symptoms, both for the β-globin T/S measurement ratio (p=0.034, r=-0.23) and for the B4AU T/S measurement ratio (p=0.037, r= -0.227). The results of this study are in line with a number of previous studies which stated that there is a relationship between the severity of symptoms in schizophrenia and the length of leukocyte telomeres. Conclusion: The shorter the telomeres, the higher the severity of the symptoms and vice versa. This study also shows the possible role of telomere length analysis as a biomarker in assessing the course of the disease and prognosis in people with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Headaches are among the most common complaints observed in neurology and medicine, notably migraines and tension-type headaches (TTH)., Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare hematologic parameters comprised hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, leukocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) between migraineurs and tension-type headache patients., Methods: This cross-sectional study included 23 migraineurs and 23 TTH-diagnosed patients, in accordance with the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta version (ICHD-3-beta). The patients underwent hematological laboratory testing, which included assessments of their serum levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, leucocytes as well as neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes., Results: There were significant differences in the mean platelets serum levels between migraineurs and TTH patients, with migraineurs having 355.3 x 103/μl (SD±47.4 x 103/μl) and TTH patients having 282.0 x 103 /μl (SD± 44.2 x 103) /μl, respectively (p = 0.001). However, there were no differences in the mean level of hemoglobin, hematocrit and leukocytes between the two groups. There was also a significant difference in PLR between migraineurs and TTH patients, with a ratio of 138.1 (SD±36.0) in migraineurs and 110.2 (SD±21.9) in TTH patients (p =0.003), but no differences in NLR or LMR., Conclusion: The mean serum levels of platelets and platelets-to-lymphocyte ratio of migraineurs were significantly higher than TTH patients. However, there were no differences in the mean levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, NLR and LMR between the two groups., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (© 2023 Khairul Putra Surbakti, Chairil Amin Batubara, Eka Mahendrayana.)