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Optimal nutrition during pregnancy plays a vital role in ensuring maternal health and healthy fetal development. Appropriate nutritional needs, including macronutrients and micronutrients, are essential to support fetal growth, prevent pregnancy complications, and reduce the risk of premature birth and low birth weight. In Indonesia, maternal nutrition is still a major challenge, with a high prevalence of anemia and chronic energy deficiency. Factors such as economic constraints, unequal access to health services, lack of education about the importance of nutrition, and socio-cultural influences on diet, exacerbate this condition. The challenge in meeting the nutritional needs of pregnant women is also related to the low awareness and knowledge of nutrition among the community, especially in remote areas. To overcome this problem, a multi-sectoral approach is needed involving government intervention, community empowerment, and increasing access to health services. Continuous education and targeted nutritional assistance programs can be effective solutions in improving the nutritional status of pregnant women in Indonesia. Thus, strong cooperation is needed between various stakeholders to ensure optimal maternal health, which will ultimately improve the quality of future generations.

The book "Disaster Risk: A Comprehensive Overview" provides a comprehensive view of disaster risk, covering scientific, social and policy perspectives. The author analyzes the factors that influence vulnerability to disasters as well as effective mitigation strategies. This book discusses definitions, basic concepts, history of disaster risk management, various types of disasters, and the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and collaboration between various parties. This book also reviews international policies and provides recommendations for the integration of disaster risk management in sustainable development planning.

Stunting is a nutritional problem that has an impact on children's growth and development. This article discusses the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, the efforts made by the government, and Indonesia's position in dealing with the stunting problem. Data from various sources, including WHO and the Global Nutrition Report, is used to provide a comprehensive picture. In a global context, stunting affected approximately 144 million children under five years in 2019, with a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries . In Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Timor Leste have a high prevalence of stunting. Even though Indonesia has shown progress in reducing stunting rates, there are still challenges and targets that must be achieved. Indonesia's contribution to the global stunting problem, both in terms of causes and solutions. Efforts that have been made, such as improving nutrition for children and pregnant women, quality of health services, access to sanitation, and participation of all parties, are highlighted as important steps in dealing with stunting.

Suparji, Budi Joko Santosa, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho Health Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes, Surabaya, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, Health Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes, Jl. Pucang Jajar Tengah 56, Surabaya, 60282, Indonesia, Email heruswn@poltekkesdepkes-sby.ac.id

Budi Joko Santosa, Suparji Suparji, Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho Department Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Suparji Suparji, Department Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Jl. Pucang Jajar Tengah-56, Surabaya, Indonesia, Email suparjiyozabri@gmail.com

Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho,1 Suparji Suparji,1 Sunarto Sunarto,1 Handoyo Handoyo,2 Zhanibek Yessimbekov,3 Nurfardiansyah Burhanuddin,4 Pius Selasa5 1Midwifery Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia; 2Environmental Health Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia; 3Food Engineering Department, Shakarim State University, Semey, East Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan; 4Public Health Department, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia; 5Nursing Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Heru Santoso Wahito NugrohoPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Pucang Jajar Tengah 56, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60282, IndonesiaTel +6282142259360Fax +62315028141Email heruswn@gmail.comBackground: Many educational institutions around the world are implementing e-learning, but there are still many technical obstacles. Relatively many elements of e-learning must be improved in performance, so which elements should be selected which are prioritized to be improved first.Methods: This research applied a new method in order to select e-learning elements of health professionals’ education that will be prioritized for improvement. This new method was called the Quadrant of Difficulty-Usefulness (QoDU). The subjects of this study were 200 students of Environmental Health School of Magetan, Indonesia.Results: The elements that were sorted by priority were learning design, handout, book, link to resources, discussion forum, chatting, assignment, feedback, quiz and survey. The attributes used as the basis for determining priorities were difficulty and usefulness. Data regarding attributes were obtained through filling out the questionnaire. For each element the following were determined: 1) difficulty and usefulness; 2) mean score of difficulty and mean score of usefulness. Furthermore, 4 quadrants were arranged based on 1) the difficulty position of each element compared to the mean-score of difficulty and; 2) the usefulness position of each element compared to the mean-score of usefulness.Conclusion: The order of elements of e-learning at the Environmental Health School of Magetan based on priority were assignment, quiz and discussion forum as the first priority; feedback and survey as second priority; link to resources and book as third priority; and learning design, handout and chatting as the last priority.Keywords: health college, e-learning improvement, e-learning elements, prioritized elements

Several studies indicated the low creative thinking skills of vocational high school students. The objective of this study is to describe the application of discovery learning models to improve the ability of the teachers to manage learning, student activities during the learning process, the student learning outcomes in terms of creative thinking skills, and the student responses to the learning activities. The research subjects were 35 students from the study program of Catering Food Service in a Public Vocational High School, SMK N 6 Surabaya. The lesson plan included the syllabus, learning implementation plans, student activity sheets, and assessment. Meanwhile, the data collection instruments included tests, observations, and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test. The results showed that discovery learning model could improve the teacher's ability to manage the learning, students’ activities, learning outcomes of creative thinking skills, and students’ responses.

Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho, 1 Suparji Suparji, 1 Wiwin Martiningsih, 2 I Putu Suiraoka, 3 Joel Rey Ugsang Acob, 4 Sahrir Sillehu 5 1Midwifery Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia; 2Nursing Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia; 3Nutrition Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 4Nursing Deparment, Visayas State University, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines; 5Public Health Department, STIKes Maluku Husada, Kairatu, Maluku, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Heru Santoso Wahito NugrohoMidwifery Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Pucang Jajar Tengah 56, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60282, IndonesiaTel +62 82142259360Fax +62 315028141Email heruswn@poltekkesdepkes-sby.ac.idWe have carefully studied the article published under the title "Effect of Integrated Pictorial Handbook Education and Counseling on Improving Anemia Status, Knowledge, Food Intake, and Iron Tablet Compliance Among Anemic Pregnant Women in Indonesia: A Quasi-Experimental Study". 1View the original paper by Nahrisah and colleagues.

Developing Instruments to Measure the Social Competence of Teacher-candidates. This study aimed to produce a valid and reliable instrument to measure social competence of student teachers. The try-outs were carried out three times: preliminary field try-out conducted in four schools involving 12 student teachers, main field try-out in eight schools involving 100 student teachers, and operational field try-out in 15 schools involving 200 student teachers. Data from the try-outs were analyzed using con­firmatory factor analysis and descriptive analysis. The research findings indicated that the student teachers’ social competence comprised three sub-competences, i.e. ability to cooperate, ability to communicate, and contribution to educational development. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the values of tobserved were all greater than 1.69 and the reliability index was 0.82. The result of the statistical modeling showed that the model was fit (χ2 = 1.44; p = 0.13212). The result of descriptive analysis showed that ability to cooperate, ability to communicate and contribution to educational devel­opment were all the acceptable factors to student teachers’ social competence. Pengembangan Instrumen Kompetensi Sosial Mahasiswa Calon Guru. Penelitian ini ber­tujuan untuk menghasilkan instrumen kompetensi sosial mahasiswa calon guru yang valid dan reliabel. Uji coba dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yaitu: ji coba awal pada empat sekolah dengan subjek coba 12 mahasiswa calon guru, uji coba lapangan utama pada delapan sekolah dengan subjek coba 100 mahasiswa, dan uji coba lapangan operasional pada 15 sekolah dengan subjek coba 200 mahasiswa. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor konfirmatori dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi sosial mahasiswa calon guru mencakup tiga indikator yaitu kemampuan bekerjasama, kemam­puan berkomunikasi, dan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan pendidikan. Hasil analisis faktor konfirmatori menunjukkan bahwa semua nilai thitung>1,69 dan reliabilitasnya adalah 0,82. Statistik model yang dihasilkan menunjukkan model yang fit (χ2=1,44 p=0,13212). Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa indikator kemampuan bekerjasama, kemampuan berkomunikasi, dan kontribusi terhadap pengem­bangan pendidikan berkategori baik.

Ad hoc organizers such as PPK, PPS, PPLN, KPPS, KPPSLN, Panwascam, PKD, Overseas Panwaslu, and TPS Supervisors are pioneers in the process of organizing elections in Indonesia. Therefore, the selection process carried out must be honest, fair, and independent to make ad hoc organizers professional and integrity. To create a professional election administration with integrity, regulations or guidelines are needed so that the ad hoc body has guidance in working so that the election administration carried out produces independent elections. The method in this writing is a qualitative descriptive method. The main data collection that the author uses in this article is a journal on Election Management. Article analysis uses analysis content. The result of this research informs us that in the ad hoc election body selection process, there are still several regulations issued by the KPU and BAWASLU that are still less efficient in the election ad hoc body selection process which results in the selected election organizers being less qualified. This article hoped to provide input on the process of holding elections in the following year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sand mining in Mojokerto City and Regency significantly impacts the local economy. This study investigated the silt content in sand from mining areas and its application in concrete specifications, focusing on students' knowledge, abilities, and motivation in understanding this concept. The research used an ex post facto design with path analysis, involving 100 students from class X DPIB at State Vocational High School 1 Mojokerto. The study found that knowledge and ability directly affect learning outcomes. Additionally, knowledge and ability influence student learning motivation, which in turn impacts learning outcomes. This suggests that motivated students with a strong knowledge base and practical skills are more likely to succeed in understanding concrete specifications and the role of silt content. Furthermore, the research revealed indirect effects: knowledge and ability influence learning outcomes through learning motivation. This highlights the importance of fostering motivation alongside knowledge and skills development to enhance student learning in this applied context. These findings offer valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking to improve vocational education in the construction sector. By focusing on knowledge acquisition, skills development, and motivation enhancement, institutions can better equip students to understand and apply essential concepts like silt content in sand to real-world construction practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]