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India did phased measles-rubella supplementary immunisation activities (MR-SIAs; ie, mass-immunisation campaigns) targeting children aged 9 months to less than 15 years. We estimated measles-rubella seroprevalence before and after the MR-SIAs to quantify the effect on population immunity and identify remaining immunity gaps.Between March 9, 2018 and March 19, 2020 we did community-based, cross-sectional serosurveys in four districts in India before and after MR-SIAs. 30 villages or wards were selected within each district, and one census enumeration block from each was selected as the survey cluster. Households were enumerated and 13 children in the younger age group (9 months to5 years) and 13 children in the older ager group (5 to15 years) were randomly selected by use of computer-generated random numbers. Serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies to measles and rubella viruses by enzyme immunoassay.Specimens were collected from 2570 children before the MR-SIA and from 2619 children afterwards. The weighted MR-SIA coverage ranged from 73·7% to 90·5% in younger children and from 73·6% to 93·6% in older children. Before the MR-SIA, district-level measles seroprevalence was between 80·7% and 88·5% among younger children in all districts, and between 63·4% and 84·5% among older children. After the MR-SIA, measles seroprevalence among younger children increased to more than 90% (range 91·5 to 96·0) in all districts except Kanpur Nagar, in which it remained unchanged 80·4%. Among older children, measles seroprevalence increased to more than 90·0% (range 93·7% to 96·5%) in all districts except Hoshiarpur (88·7%). A significant increase in rubella seroprevalence was observed in all districts in both age groups, with the largest effect in Dibrugarh, where rubella seroprevalence increased from 10·6% to 96·5% among younger children.Measles-rubella seroprevalence increased substantially after the MR-SIAs but the serosurvey also identified remaining gaps in population immunity.The BillMelinda Gates Foundation and Indian Council of Medical Research.

To evaluate the effect of different drilling techniques on implant stability at different time intervals.Patients were randomly allotted into three groups based on drilling technique for osteotomy: conventional drilling technique; simplified drilling technique; or modified conventional drilling technique. In 30 patients (n = 10 each group), a total of 44 implants were placed. In the conventional drilling technique, drills with increasing diameters were used. In the simplified drilling technique, only pilot and final-diameter drills were used. In the modified conventional drilling technique, all the drills were used in sequential order in the clockwise direction except the last drill, which was used in the counterclockwise direction. Implant stability quotient was recorded immediately after placing implants and at 1 and 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student t test.Two-way ANOVA showed that drilling technique (P.001) and time (P = .002) did have a statistically significant effect on implant stability quotient. The modified conventional drilling technique showed a drop in secondary implant stability at 1 month that was negligible compared to the other techniques. After 1 month, there was a significant increase in implant stability quotient with the modified conventional drilling technique compared to the conventional drilling technique (P = .001). The least crestal bone loss during 3 months of follow-up was with the modified conventional drilling technique (0.37 ± 0.06).Secondary stability increased with the modified conventional drilling technique in 3 months and showed a negligible drop at 1 month. This novel drilling technique had an early shift from a decrease to an increase in stability pattern, along with the least crestal bone loss at 3 months.

This present research study deals with the theoretical Comparison of Socio- Spiritual elements narrated by Herman Hesse and Sri Aurobindo. In the present research, Herman Hesse examined and explored through the lens of the individual self, which Hesse regards as the repository of the divine and the only institution to which we are answerable whereas Sri Aurobindo gave the idea of a creative impulse in humans is also complementary to the concept of spiritual progress, known as epigenesist. Here it is very important to mention that Herman Hesse stated in his novel Demian, that "One's fate is one's own" we are its agents without responsibility, crowded inexplicable global destiny leaves us with no choice but cooperation, and yet we appear to be free. The research proposes to understand the Power of Self-determination, Self-Confidence, self-expression, and Self-Realization as the outlook of Shri Aurobindo added that what really matters is all-sufficiency to explain Mind and Soul has begun to be questioned, and a movement of emancipation from physical science's fixation has begun, though it has not progressed beyond a few clumsy and rudimentary stumbles. Theoretical Comparison of Socio- Spiritual elements narrated by Herman Hesse and Sri Aurobindo it appears that their writings have accomplished a great deal in tracing the development of philosophical and non-material thought and action, particularly with regard to spiritual doctrines and assumptions, and that much has also been done to spiritualize the society.

Supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) aim to interrupt measles transmission by reaching susceptible children, including children who have not received the recommended two routine doses of MCV before the SIA. However, both strategies may miss the same children if vaccine doses are highly correlated. How well SIAs reach children missed by routine immunization is a key metric in assessing the added value of SIAs.Children aged 9 months to younger than 5 years were enrolled in cross-sectional household serosurveys conducted in five districts in India following the 2017-2019 measles-rubella (MR) SIA. History of measles containing vaccine (MCV) through routine services or SIA was obtained from documents and verbal recall. Receipt of a first or second MCV dose during the SIA was categorized as "added value" of the SIA in reaching un- and under-vaccinated children.A total of 1,675 children were enrolled in these post-SIA surveys. The percentage of children receiving a 1st or 2nd dose through the SIA ranged from 12.8% in Thiruvananthapuram District to 48.6% in Dibrugarh District. Although the number of zero-dose children prior to the SIA was small in most sites, the proportion reached by the SIA ranged from 45.8% in Thiruvananthapuram District to 94.9% in Dibrugarh District. Fewer than 7% of children remained measles zero-dose after the MR SIA (range: 1.1-6.4%) compared to up to 28% before the SIA (range: 7.3-28.1%).We demonstrated the MR SIA provided considerable added value in terms of measles vaccination coverage, although there was variability across districts due to differences in routine and SIA coverage, and which children were reached by the SIA. Metrics evaluating the added value of an SIA can help to inform the design of vaccination strategies to better reach zero-dose or undervaccinated children.

The question of how swiftly entanglement spreads over a system has attracted vital interest. In this regard, the out-of-time ordered correlator (OTOC) is a quantitative measure of the entanglement spreading process. Particular interest concerns the propagation of quantum correlations in the lattice systems, {\it e.g.}, spin chains. In a seminal paper D. A. Roberts, D. Stanford and L. Susskind, J. High Energy Phys. 03, 051, (2015) the concept of the OTOC's radius was introduced. The radius of the OTOC defines the front line reached by the spread of entanglement. Beyond this radius operators commute. In the present work, we propose a model of two nanomechanical systems coupled with two Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spins. Oscillators are coupled to each other directly while NV spins are not. Therefore, the correlation between the NV spins may arise only through the quantum feedback exerted from the first NV spin to the first oscillator and transferred from the first oscillator to the second oscillator via the direct coupling. Thus nonzero OTOC between NV spins quantifies the strength of the quantum feedback. We show that NV spins cannot exert quantum feedback on classical nonlinear oscillators. We also discuss the inherently quantum case with a linear quantum harmonic oscillator indirectly coupling the two spins and verify that in the classical limit of the oscillator, the OTOC vanishes., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures

Self-leadership is the foundation of any leadership development initiative. It helps in developing an understanding of who you are (self), what you can do (your ability) and the ability to influence your communication, emotions, and behavior on the path to reach your goal. It is also related to the greater insight of work satisfaction, effective work relationships, enhanced communication, quality management, and in terms of health outcomes, less work stress and greater perceived wellness. The purpose of this paper is not only to study how Self- Leadership helps to succeed and motivate team to improve themselves and increase their productivity but also to explore how it may help an individual to come out of the stress and maintain proper work- balance. Further the research intends to evaluate self-leadership as the most effective tool for enhancing one’s performance at the workplace and how it further affects the performance of the team.

Cardenolide and pregnatriene compounds were isolated from the chloroform fraction of the 95% aqueous ethanolic extract of dried roots of