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Background Digital health technologies (DHTs), such as electronic health records and prescribing systems, are transforming health care delivery around the world. The quality of information in DHTs is key to the quality and safety of care. We developed a novel clinical information quality (CLIQ) framework to assess the quality of clinical information in DHTs. Objective This study explored clinicians’ perspectives on the relevance, definition, and assessment of information quality dimensions in the CLIQ framework. Methods We used a systematic and iterative eDelphi approach to engage clinicians who had information governance roles or personal interest in information governance; the clinicians were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected using semistructured online questionnaires until consensus was reached on the information quality dimensions in the CLIQ framework. Responses on the relevance of the dimensions were summarized to inform decisions on retention of the dimensions according to prespecified rules. Thematic analysis of the free-text responses was used to revise definitions and the assessment of dimensions. Results Thirty-five clinicians from 10 countries participated in the study, which was concluded after the second round. Consensus was reached on all dimensions and categories in the CLIQ framework: informativeness (accuracy, completeness, interpretability, plausibility, provenance, and relevance), availability (accessibility, portability, security, and timeliness), and usability (conformance, consistency, and maintainability). A new dimension, searchability, was introduced in the availability category to account for the ease of finding needed information in the DHTs. Certain dimensions were renamed, and some definitions were rephrased to improve clarity. Conclusions The CLIQ framework reached a high expert consensus and clarity of language relating to the information quality dimensions. The framework can be used by health care managers and institutions as a pragmatic tool for identifying and forestalling information quality problems that could compromise patient safety and quality of care. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057430

Background: There is increasing resurgence of suicide globally, especially in developing countries, probably owing to socio-economic instability. Majority of suicidal phenomenon is attributed to depressive disorders, which significantly contribute to the global burden of diseases. Aim: This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of suicidality (suicidal ideation and attempts) among adult outpatients with major depression at Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital (FNPH), Benin City, Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted between March and June 2018 utilizing systematic random sampling of eligible participants, aged between 18 and 64 years. One hundred and thirty-two patients with major depression, with their diagnosis confirmed with the Depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were recruited. A Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Suicidality Module of MINI were administered to consented participants. Results: The past month prevalence of suicidality and suicidal ideation were 47.7% (n = 63) and 36.4% (n = 48) respectively. While, the lifetime prevalence of suicidal attempts was 18.2% (n = 24), the current suicidal ‘moderate-high risk’ was 12.1% (n = 16). Participants were 35% more likely to report suicidality for every unit increase in symptom severity (BPRS score) (aOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.20 - 1.52, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Suicidality is common among outpatients with major depression at the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Benin City. Severity of psychopathology was an independent risk factor for suicidality in depressive disorder.

With the escalation of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) across the globe, shortages in the already scarce medical workforce are imminent. Historically, more developed economies have looked abroad to augment their health systems. This paper aims to offer plausible solutions on how to avert future medical brain drain from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the aftermath of COVID-19. We opine that emigration of medical workers from low-resource settings to more industrialized regions should be viewed by the destination countries as both a moral and an ethical issue. Countries in SSA must generally provide good leadership, diversify their economies, and ensure adequate security. Specifically, there are needs to improve health care workers' remuneration, provide more opportunities for specialization, and reduce waiting time for employment. It is our opinion that such multisectoral and multi-modal approaches will effectively halt and even reverse the on-going brain drain in the region, converting it to brain gain.

Introduction: Arthritis is a degenerative joint disease with many forms, but osteoarthritis is most common resulting from trauma or infection to the joint or aging. Depressive disorders often go undiagnosed especially in chronic physical illnesses like osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritic pain is associated with a high risk of depressive illness. This study evaluated the prevalence of major depression and its relationship with physical pain among patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 134 adult outpatients, with osteoarthritis at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The demographic profile, subjective pain intensity, and diagnosis of major depression were obtained with a sociodemographic questionnaire, Visual Analog Pain Scale, and depressive module of Composite International Diagnostic Interview, respectively. Results: Thirty-seven (27.61%) and 40 (29.85%) participants had current and 12-month depressive disorder, respectively. A unit (year) increase in the illness duration was associated with a 68% increase in the likelihood of having depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.68, P = 0.044), while the presence of comorbidity was the only independent correlate of 12-month depression among the participants (aOR 0.11, P = 0.031). Subjective pain severity had no independent correlation with depressive disorder. Conclusion: Major depression is prevalent among patients with osteoarthritis. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of depressive disorder, especially in the presence of medical comorbidities and longer duration of illness.

Cough remedies are available in Nigeria as narcotic and nonnarcotic over-the-counter preparations. The narcotic antitussive usually contains codeine, which has a high abuse potential. We report a case of a young Nigerian male, abusing codeine containing cough syrup with a clinical picture complicated by seizures, as well as review of relevant and available literature, including a discussion of its implication for clinical care. Clinicians should be aware of abuse and dependent potential of codeine containing cough syrup with seizures as one of the possible feature of toxicity. This case report buttresses the need for codeine containing cough syrups to be made available only on prescription.