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Background Continuous comprehensive treatment is still needed after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) to promote the recovery of sinus mucosal morphology and function. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nasal irrigation is a promising external treatment of TCM, but at present, the application of TCM nasal irrigation after ESS for CRS has not been recommended by the guidelines. Therefore, this article aims to develop a systematic overview and meta-analysis protocol to assess the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal nasal rinse for CRS recovery after ESS. Methods Seven databases shall be retrieved from their inception until December 2021. Eligible randomized controlled trials will be covered in the study. The outcome indicators of the survey will consist of efficacy, visual analogue scale score, Lund-Kennedy score for nasal endoscopy, Lund-Mackay score for sinus computed tomography and other secondary outcome indicators. The selection of literature, extraction of data, and methodological quality evaluation of literature shall be conducted by two researchers separately. If there is any dispute, it can be discussed and solved by a third researcher. Review Manager 5.3 software will be applied to data analysis. Results The article will make a detailed research programme to explore the efficacy and safety of TCM nasal irrigation on CRS recovery after ESS. Conclusion This protocol is suitable for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of TCM nasal rinse for CRS recovery after ESS, and can provide corresponding evidence-based medical evidence. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZV73Q.

In this study, chitosan/oxidized bacterial cellulose (CS/OBC) composite films were produced through impregnation and cross-linking with (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Bacterial cellulose was selectively oxidized using TEMPO, where a carbonate buffer solution (Na2CO3/NaHCO3) was used to control the pH instead of NaOH. The surface morphology, crystal structure, thermal properties and mechanical strength of OBC and CS/OBC composite films were characterized. Furthermore, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility of OBC and CS/OBC composites were assessed. The results showed that the oxidation process had little impact on the macroscopic morphology and fiber diameter of bacterial cellulose. The crystallization, thermal stability and mechanical properties decreased due to the presence of unstable sodium gluconate in OBC. After compounding with chitosan, the crystallinity and thermal stability of OBC were improved. The mechanical strength increased first and then decreased with the increase of chitosan content. The antibacterial performance of CS/OBC composite films against E. coli was superior than that of S. aureus. When the chitosan content reached 6.6 % or more, the inhibition rate against E. coli and S. aureus was over 90 %. Cell culture studies demonstrated that OBC and the CS/OBC composites had no cytotoxicity. These results indicated that the CS/OBC composite film could be used as a potential wound dressing material.

Zeranol (α-zearalanol) has been used as a growth promoter in livestock since 1969 in some non-EU countries; the residues of zeranol and its five analogues in animal origin foods may endanger human health due to their strong estrogenic and anabolic activities. Therefore, it is urgent to establish simple, rapid, real-time, broad-spectrum and high-sensitivity detection methods for the residues of zeranol and its analogues. In this study, an ultrasensitive indirect-competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was established for the rapid multi-residue detection of zeranol and its five analogues in cattle origin samples, which was based on a broad-spectrum monoclonal antibody (mAb) that specifically bound to zeranol and its analogues with high sensitivity. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for zeranol, β-zearalanol, zearalanone, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, and zearalenone were 0.103, 0.080, 0.161, 0.177, 0.254, and 0.194 ng mL−1, respectively, the recovery rates of cattle origin samples spiked with zeranol ranged from 79.2–104.2%, and the coefficient of variation (CV) values were less than 11.4%. Excellent correlation (R2 = 0.9845) was obtained between the results of HPLC-MS/MS and ic-ELISA. In conclusion, the developed ic-ELISA could be employed as an ultrasensitive and broad-spectrum detection method for monitoring trace ZEN residues in cattle origin foods.