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7. Construction and verification of a nomogram model for postoperative pulmonary embolism in patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage

Author

LIN Xun, SUN Xiaochuan, and SHI Quanhong

Subjects
spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism, prediction model, risk factors, nomograph, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary embolism in patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage, and construct and verify the nomogram model. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 558 patients admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and the Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University. And 393 of them who hospitalized from January 2015 to January 2021 were assigned into a modeling group, and the other 165 patients from February 2021 to January 2023 into a validation group. Univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to screen out the risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism after spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage surgery. Then a nomogram model was build based on these factors and verified. Results Based on age, blood loss, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, surgical treatments, levels of fibrin degradation products, D-dimer and hemoglobin, plasma osmolality, and deep vein thrombosis, a risk model of pulmonary embolism was built. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the model had good discriminability for the presence of pulmonary embolism, and the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.908. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-fit test indicated that the model had a good fit to the verification set (Chi-square=14.805, df=8, P=0.063), the correction curve was close to the ideal curve, and the prediction probability of the model was close to the actual occurrence probability, suggesting the model having good accuracy. Decision curve analysis revealed that the established nomogram model can get benefits under a large range of threshold probabilities. Conclusion We develop a prediction model for postoperative pulmonary embolism in patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage after surgical treatment, which shows good prediction performance in both the training and validation groups, and can be used for accurate, prompt and quick identification for the occurrence of pulmonary embolism in clinical practice.

Published
2024
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28. National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC) statistical report of primary brain tumours diagnosed in China in years 2019–2020

Author

Xiao, Dan, Yan, Changxiang, Li, Deling, Xi, Tianshu, Liu, Xianzhi, Zhu, Dan, Huang, Guodong, Xu, Jianguo, He, Zhengwen, Wu, Anhua, Ma, Chiyuan, Long, Jiang, Shu, Kai, Ji, Hongming, Wang, Ning, Chen, Gang, Yang, Jiankai, Ma, Hui, Li, Zhiyong, Sun, Xiaochuan, Qu, Yan, Liu, Zhixiong, Jiang, Xiaofan, Tian, Chunlei, Ni, Shilei, Zhan, Renya, Chen, Liwen, Ge, Ming, Wang, Maode, Jiang, Xiaobing, Guo, Geng, Han, Zhenmin, Zhang, Chuan, Zhang, Tingrong, Dou, Changwu, Chu, Liangzhao, Wang, Pengcheng, Shao, Junfei, Wu, Xiyue, Yu, Ju, Wang, Yu, Wu, Nan, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Mingming, Hong, Yong, Gao, Jianzhong, Li, Yunqian, Pan, Yawen, Zhao, Bing, Ji, Nan, Shan, Guangliang, Patel, Chirag B., Jia, Wang, and Zhang, Liwei

Published
2023
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34. TREM2 affects DAM-like cell transformation in the acute phase of TBI in mice by regulating microglial glycolysis.

Author

Wang, Lin, Ouyang, Diqing, Li, Lin, Cao, Yunchuan, Wang, Yingwen, Gu, Nina, Zhang, Zhaosi, Li, Zhao, Tang, Shuang, Tang, Hui, Zhang, Yuan, Sun, Xiaochuan, and Yan, Jin

Subjects
CELL transformation, MYELOID cells, WESTERN immunoblotting, BRAIN injuries, KNOCKOUT mice
Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high mortality and disability rates. Disease-associated microglia (DAM) are a newly discovered subtype of microglia. However, their presence and function in the acute phase of TBI remain unclear. Although glycolysis is important for microglial differentiation, its regulatory role in DAM transformation during the acute phase of TBI is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the functions of DAM-like cells in the acute phase of TBI in mice, as well as the relationship between their transformation and glycolysis. Methods: In this study, a controlled cortical impact model was used to induce TBI in adult male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and adult male TREM2 knockout mice. Various techniques were used to assess the role of DAM-like cells in TBI and the effects of glycolysis on DAM-like cells, including RT‒qPCR, immunofluorescence assays, behavioural tests, extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) tests, Western blot analysis, cell magnetic sorting and culture, glucose and lactate assays, and flow cytometry. Results: DAM-like cells were observed in the acute phase of TBI in mice, and their transformation depended on TREM2 expression. TREM2 knockout impaired neurological recovery in TBI mice, possibly due in part to their role in clearing debris and secreting VEGFa and BDNF. Moreover, DAM-like cells exhibited significantly increased glycolytic activity. TREM2 regulated the AKT‒mTOR‒HIF-1α pathway and glycolysis in microglia in the acute phase of TBI. The increase in glycolysis in microglia partially contributed to the transformation of DAM-like cells in the acute phase of TBI in mice. Conclusions: Taken together, the results of our study demonstrated that DAM-like cells were present in the acute phase of TBI in mice. TREM2 might influence DAM-like cell transformation by modulating the glycolysis of microglia. Our results provide a new possible pathway for intervening TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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35. Crystal Plasticity Simulation of Cyclic Behaviors of AZ31B Magnesium Alloys via a Modified Dislocation–Twinning–Detwinning Model.

Author

Sun, Yingjun, Yue, Ke, Lin, Chongzhi, Liu, Zhe, Sun, Xiaochuan, Wang, Guoliang, and Wang, Huamiao

Subjects
MATERIAL plasticity, YIELD stress, CYCLIC loads, MAGNESIUM, CRYSTALS
Abstract

In this study, a probabilistic model within the dislotwin constitutive framework of DAMASK (the Düsseldorf Advanced Material Simulation Kit) was established to describe the cyclic loading behaviors of AZ31B magnesium alloys. Considering the detwinning procedure within the twinned region, this newly developed dislocation–twinning–detwinning model was employed to accurately simulate stress–strain behaviors of AZ31B magnesium alloys throughout tension–compression–tension (T-C-T) cycle loading. The investigations revealed that the reduction in yield stress during the reverse loading process was attributed to the active operation of twinning and detwinning modes. Furthermore, the evolution of the twin volume fraction during cycle loading scenarios was quantitatively determined. According to these results, the relative activities of plastic deformation modes during T-C-T loading were further analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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48. Hierarchical Multi-Granularity Joint Source-Channel Coding for Image Semantic Transmission

Author

Sun, Xiaochuan, Yu, Jike, Wu, Changcheng, Li, Yingqi, and Zhang, Haijun

Abstract

Deep Joint Source-Channel Coding (DEEPJSCC) is an effective method for realizing semantic communication. However, the existing DEEPJSCC methods cannot fully exploit the potential of deep semantics, posing serious challenges to the quality and reliability of communication. To address this issue, we propose a multi-granular DEEPJSCC (MDEEPJSCC) framework for image semantic transmission. The framework employs a hierarchical multi-scale encoder, where each layer corresponds to a different scale representation of the image, and the distinct attention mechanisms (AMs) are leveraged to capture diverse semantic information at each scale level. Strengthening the final semantic representation by integrating the semantic features extracted from each layer. On the other hand, a novel adaptive masking technique is also incorporated into the framework to optimize the allocation of code lengths, improve the quality of code rate control, and reduce the communication overhead based on the compression requirements of transmission and the dynamic assessment of the semantic importance of images by the two networks. Simulation results show that the MDEEPJSCC framework effectively improves the performance of wireless image transmission and provides strong support for high-quality semantic communication.

Published
2024
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