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microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to contribute to tumor progression and metastasis, and have been proposed to be key regulators of diverse biological processes. In this study, we report that miR-4295 is deregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. To characterize the role of miR-4295 in bladder cancer cells, we performed functional assays. The overexpression of miR-4295 significantly promoted bladder cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. Moreover, its downregulation induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiment indicated that miR-4295 directly targets BTG1 by binding its 3'UTR. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that miR-4295 acts as an oncogene and may be a potential biomarker for bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter is a benign tumor of mesodermal origin that rarely occurs in children. The most common presenting symptoms are hematuria and flank pain by obstruction of the urinary tract. The etiology of this tumor is still not clear. It occurs more frequently in boys and often arises in the proximal ureter and the ureteropelvic junction. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult. We present here the case of a 11-year-old boy who had fibroepithelial polyps as the cause of the left flank ureteropelvic junction obstruction at pyeloplasty, and had the same condition on the right flank 5 years ago. We used polypectomy and pyeloureterostomy to treat the boy. No major intraoperative or preoperative complications developed.