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Objective: The optimal design scheme of box grid magnetic iron-separator in milk powder production process was explored. Methods: In this study, the working principle of the box grid magnetic iron-separator was explored by using the finite element simulation analysis method under real production conditions in a fully simulated milk powder plant. Through the single factor test, the effects of material drop height, the type of metal foreign matter, the field strength, and the net distance of the magnetic bar on the effective interception rate of the box grid magnetic iron-separator were explored, and the design solution was optimized by using matrix analysis. Results: Assuming that the minimum acceptable standard is an effective interception rate greater than 80% for cast iron, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel, the critical design conditions are as follows: ① When the magnetic field strength of the magnetic bar is 1.0 T, the drop height should be less than 100 mm, the number of layers of the magnetic bar should be greater than or equal to 6, and the clearance of the bar magnet is 25 mm. ② When the magnetic field strength of the magnetic bar is 1.4 T, if the falling height of the material is less than 100 mm, the number of layers of the magnetic bar should be greater than or equal to 4, and the clearance of the bar magnet is 25 mm; If the falling height of the material is between 100 and 300 mm, then the number of magnetic rod layers should be greater than 6, and the clearance of the bar magnet is 25 mm. Conclusion: The research results have industrial application value for milk powder and other powdered food materials, such as protein-based raw materials, powdered fats and oils, starch, food additives, etc.

Summary: What is Known and Objective: Aristolochic acid (AA) is an abundant compound in Aristolochia plants and various natural herbs. In the 1990s, a slimming formula used in Belgium that contains Aristolochia fangchi was reported to cause kidney damage and bladder cancer, and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is now well recognized worldwide. In October 2017, researchers reported an AA signature that is closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Comment: There are differing opinions on the toxicity of AA, and different countries have taken different measures to address the issue. There is a lack of clarity on the causal role of AA in hepatocarcinogenesis and on the potential underlying mechanisms for the reported nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity. The toxicity of AA differs depending on gender and age, and other risk factors that could explain the variability in the toxicity of AA remain to be identified. What is New and Conclusion: Whether preparations containing AA, such as many Chinese medicines, should be used remains controversial, and this issue warrants further investigation before definite conclusions can be drawn. On October 18, 2017, researchers from Singapore and Taiwan published a paper claiming that aristolochic acids (AA) and their derivatives are widely implicated in liver cancers in Taiwan and throughout Asia. In this article, the researchers note that A‐T‐specific mutations can be used as genetic fingerprints for AA exposure. We believe there is a lack of clarity on the causal role of AA in hepatocarcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, (4 α)-19-nor- ent-kaurane-4,16,17-triol ( 1), (4 α,16 α)-17-(acetyloxy)-19-nor- ent-kaurane-4,16 -diol ( 2), and 17-hydroxy- ent-kaur-15-en-19-al ( 3), together with 11 known compounds, were isolated from the stem bark of Annona squamosa L. The structures of 1- 3 were identified by analysis of their spectroscopic data. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against human lung cancer (95-D) and ovarian cancer (A2780) cell lines, and compounds 3, 5, 7, 11- 14 exhibited promising antiproliferative activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.38 to 34.66 μ M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorder to brought S-naproxen into small intestine, an optically pure (S)-naproxen starch ester was produced by lipase through enantio-selective trans-esterification of racemic naproxen methyl ester with pretreatment starch in solvent system. With carefully selection of the reaction medium (isooctane), lipase (Carica Papaya Lipase, CPL) and the reaction mode (intermittent opening), a high conversion rate (48.6%) and enantiomeric excess of product (99.6%) was obtained. The slow release macromolecular (S)-Naproxen had been synthesized to improve the efficacy of racemic naproxen and overcome its side effects. The enanitomeric ratio of CPL (E=52.5) was higher than CRL (E=22) and greatly influenced by the byproduct methyl alcohol. The intermittent opening reaction mode was the effective way to remove the inhibition of methyl alcohol and to improve the enantio-selectivity of CPL. S-naproxen starch was confirmed by HPLC and 1 H NMR. This method may also apply to preparation the other optically pure 2-phenylpropionic acid derivatives. S-naproxen starch was a new optically pure derivatives possessing emulsifying and slow release properties would be widely applied to the food, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.