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2. Contribution of soil bacteria to the atmosphere across biomes

Author

Archer, Stephen D.J., Lee, Kevin C., Caruso, Tancredi, Alcami, Antonio, Araya, Jonathan G., Cary, S. Craig, Cowan, Don A., Etchebehere, Claudia, Gantsetseg, Batdelger, Gomez-Silva, Benito, Hartery, Sean, Hogg, Ian D., Kansour, Mayada K., Lawrence, Timothy, Lee, Charles K., Lee, Patrick K.H., Leopold, Matthias, Leung, Marcus H.Y., Maki, Teruya, McKay, Christopher P., Al Mailem, Dina M., Ramond, Jean-Baptiste, Rastrojo, Alberto, Šantl-Temkiv, Tina, Sun, Henry J., Tong, Xinzhao, Vandenbrink, Bryan, Warren-Rhodes, Kimberley A., and Pointing, Stephen B.

Published
2023
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5. Predicting freezing points of ternary salt solutions with the multisolute osmotic virial equation.

Author

Binyaminov, Hikmat, Sun, Henry, and Elliott, Janet A. W.

Subjects
*SOLUTION (Chemistry), *FREEZING points, *OSMOTIC coefficients, *VIRIAL coefficients, *ELECTROLYTE solutions, *MEASUREMENT errors
Abstract

Previously, the multisolute osmotic virial equation with the combining rules of Elliott et al. has been shown to make accurate predictions for multisolute solutions with only single-solute osmotic virial coefficients as inputs. The original combining rules take the form of an arithmetic average for the second-order mixed coefficients and a geometric average for the third-order mixed coefficients. Recently, we derived generalized combining rules from a first principles solution theory, where all mixed coefficients could be expressed as arithmetic averages of suitable binary coefficients. In this work, we empirically extended the new model to account for electrolyte effects, including solute dissociation, and demonstrated its usefulness for calculating the properties of multielectrolyte solutions. First, the osmotic virial coefficients of 31 common salts in water were tabulated based on the available freezing point depression (FPD) data. This was achieved by polynomial fitting, where the degree of the polynomial was determined using a special criterion that accounts for the confidence intervals of the coefficients. Then, the multisolute model was used to predict the FPD of 11 ternary electrolyte solutions. Furthermore, models with the new combining rules and the original combining rules of Elliott et al. were compared using both mole fraction and molality as concentration units. We find that the mole-fraction-based model with the new combining rules performs the best and that the results agree well with independent experimental measurements with an all-system root-mean-square error of 0.24 osmoles/kg (0.45 °C) and close to zero mean bias for the entire dataset (371 data points). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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7. Report of the workshop for life detection in samples from Mars

Author

Kminek, Gerhard, Conley, Catherine, Allen, Carlton C, Bartlett, Douglas H, Beaty, David W, Benning, Liane G, Bhartia, Rohit, Boston, Penelope J, Duchaine, Caroline, Farmer, Jack D, Flynn, George J, Glavin, Daniel P, Gorby, Yuri, Hallsworth, John E, Mogul, Rakesh, Moser, Duane, Price, P Buford, Pukall, Ruediger, Fernandez-Remolar, David, Smith, Caroline L, Stedman, Ken, Steele, Andrew, Stepanauskas, Ramunas, Sun, Henry, Vago, Jorge L, Voytek, Mary A, Weiss, Paul S, and Westall, Frances

Subjects
Life-detection, Extraterrestrial life, Mars sample return, Planetary protection
Abstract

The question of whether there is or was life on Mars has been one of the most pivotal since Schiaparellis' telescopic observations of the red planet. With the advent of the space age, this question can be addressed directly by exploring the surface of Mars and by bringing samples to Earth for analysis. The latter, however, is not free of problems. Life can be found virtually everywhere on Earth. Hence the potential for contaminating the Mars samples and compromising their scientific integrity is not negligible. Conversely, if life is present in samples from Mars, this may represent a potential source of extraterrestrial biological contamination for Earth. A range of measures and policies, collectively termed 'planetary protection', are employed to minimise risks and thereby prevent undesirable consequences for the terrestrial biosphere. This report documents discussions and conclusions from a workshop held in 2012, which followed a public conference focused on current capabilities for performing life-detection studies on Mars samples. The workshop focused on the evaluation of Mars samples that would maximise scientific productivity and inform decision making in the context of planetary protection. Workshop participants developed a strong consensus that the same measurements could be employed to effectively inform both science and planetary protection, when applied in the context of two competing hypotheses: 1) that there is no detectable life in the samples; or 2) that there is martian life in the samples. Participants then outlined a sequence for sample processing and defined analytical methods that would test these hypotheses. They also identified critical developments to enable the analysis of samples from Mars. © 2014 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR).

Published
2014

13. Iron Isotope Biosignatures

Author

Beard, Brian L., Johnson, Clark M., Cox, Lea, Sun, Henry, Nealson, Kenneth H., and Aguilar, Carmen

Published
1999

15. Microbial Motility at the Bottom of North America: Digital Holographic Microscopy and Genomic Motility Signatures in Badwater Spring, Death Valley National Park

Author

Snyder, Carl, primary, Centlivre, Jakob P., additional, Bhute, Shrikant, additional, Shipman, Gözde, additional, Friel, Ariel D., additional, Viver, Tomeu, additional, Palmer, Marike, additional, Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T., additional, Sun, Henry J., additional, Rossello-Mora, Ramon, additional, Nadeau, Jay, additional, and Hedlund, Brian P., additional

Published
2023
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21. Abnormal urinary loss of vitamin C in diabetes: prevalence and clinical characteristics of a vitamin C renal leak

Author

Ebenuwa, Ifechukwude, primary, Violet, Pierre-Christian, additional, Padayatty, Sebastian, additional, Wang, Yaohui, additional, Wang, Yu, additional, Sun, Henry, additional, Adhikari, Preston, additional, Smith, Sheila, additional, Tu, Hongbin, additional, Niyyati, Mahtab, additional, Wilkins, Kenneth, additional, and Levine, Mark, additional

Published
2022
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26. Global biogeography of atmospheric microorganisms reflects diverse recruitment and environmental filtering

Author

Archer, Stephen, primary, Lee, Kevin, additional, Caruso, Tancredi, additional, Leung, Marcus, additional, Tong, Xinzhao, additional, Salter, Susannah J., additional, Hinchliffe, Graham, additional, Maki, Teruya, additional, Santl-Temkiv, Tina, additional, Warren-Rhodes, Kimberley, additional, Gomez-Silva, Benito, additional, Hyde, Kevin, additional, Liu, Celine, additional, Alcamí, Antonio, additional, Al-Mailem, Dina, additional, Araya, Jonathan, additional, Cary, Stephen, additional, Cowan, Don, additional, Dempsey, Jessica, additional, Etchebehere, Claudia, additional, Gantsetseg, Batdelger, additional, Hartery, Sean, additional, Harvey, Mike, additional, Hayakawa, Kazuichi, additional, Hogg, Ian, additional, Inoue, Mutsoe, additional, Kansour, Mayada, additional, Lawrence, Tim, additional, Lee, Charles, additional, Leopold, Matthius, additional, McKay, Christopher, additional, Nagao, Seiya, additional, Poh, Yan Hong, additional, Ramond, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Rastrojo, Alberto, additional, Sekiguchi, Toshio, additional, Sim, Joo Huang, additional, Stahm, William, additional, Sun, Henry, additional, Tang, Ning, additional, Vandenbrink, Bryan, additional, Walther, Craig, additional, Lee, Patrick, additional, and Pointing, Stephen Brian, additional

Published
2022
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27. Diverse recruitment to a taxonomically structured global atmospheric microbiota

Author

Archer, Stephen, primary, Lee, Kevin, additional, Caruso, Tancredi, additional, Leung, Marcus, additional, Tong, Xinzhao, additional, Salter, Susannah J., additional, Hinchliffe, Graham, additional, Maki, Teruya, additional, Santl-Temkiv, Tina, additional, Warren-Rhodes, Kimberley, additional, Gomez-Silva, Benito, additional, Hyde, Kevin, additional, Liu, Celine, additional, Alcamí, Antonio, additional, Al-Mailem, Dina, additional, Araya, Jonathan, additional, Cary, Stephen, additional, Cowan, Don, additional, Dempsey, Jessica, additional, Etchebehere, Claudia, additional, Gantsetseg, Batdelger, additional, Hartery, Sean, additional, Harvey, Mike, additional, Hayakawa, Kazuichi, additional, Hogg, Ian, additional, Inoue, Mutsoe, additional, Kansour, Mayada, additional, Lawrence, Tim, additional, Lee, Charles, additional, Leopold, Matthius, additional, McKay, Christopher, additional, Nagao, Seiya, additional, Poh, Yan Hong, additional, Ramond, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Rastrojo, Alberto, additional, Sekiguchi, Toshio, additional, Sim, Joo Huang, additional, Stahm, William, additional, Sun, Henry, additional, Tang, Ning, additional, Vandenbrink, Bryan, additional, Walther, Craig, additional, Lee, Patrick, additional, and Pointing, Stephen Brian, additional

Published
2021
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30. Diverse recruitment to a globally structured atmospheric microbiome

Author

Archer, Stephen, primary, Lee, Kevin, additional, Caruso, Tancredi, additional, Leung, Marcus, additional, Tong, Xinzhao, additional, Salter, Susannah J., additional, Hinchliffe, Graham, additional, Maki, Teruya, additional, Santl-Temkiv, Tina, additional, Warren-Rhodes, Kimberley, additional, Gomez-Silva, Benito, additional, Hyde, Kevin, additional, Liu, Celine, additional, Alcamí, Antonio, additional, Al-Mailem, Dina, additional, Araya, Jonathan, additional, Cary, Stephen, additional, Cowan, Don, additional, Dempsey, Jessica, additional, Etchebehere, Claudia, additional, Gantsetseg, Batdelger, additional, Hartery, Sean, additional, Harvey, Mike, additional, Hayakawa, Kazuichi, additional, Hogg, Ian, additional, Inoue, Mutsoe, additional, Kansour, Mayada, additional, Lawrence, Tim, additional, Lee, Charles, additional, Leopold, Mathius, additional, McKay, Christopher, additional, Nagao, Seiya, additional, Poh, Yan Hong, additional, Ramond, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Rastrojo, Alberto, additional, Sekiguchi, Toshio, additional, Sim, Joo Huang, additional, Stahm, William, additional, Sun, Henry, additional, Tang, Ning, additional, Vandenbrink, Bryan, additional, Walther, Craig, additional, Lee, Patrick, additional, and Pointing, Stephen Brian, additional

Published
2021
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31. Martian Superoxide and Peroxide O2 Release (OR) Assay: A New Technology for Terrestrial and Planetary Applications

Author

Georgiou, Christos D, Zisimopoulos, Dimitrios, Panagiotidis, Konstantinos, Grintzalis, Kontantinos, Papapostolou, Ioannis, Quinn, Richard C, McKay, Christopher P, and Sun, Henry J

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration, Inorganic, Organic And Physical Chemistry
Abstract

This study presents an assay for the detection and quantification of soil metal superoxides and peroxides in regolith and soil. The O2 release (OR) assay is based on the enzymatic conversion of the hydrolysis products of metal oxides to O2, and their quantification by an O2 electrode based on the stoichiometry of the involved reactions: The intermediate product O2 from the hydrolysis of metal superoxides is converted by cytochrome c to O2, and also by superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 1/2 mol O2 and 1/2 mol H2O2, which is then converted by catalase (CAT) to 1/2 mol O2. The product H2O2 from the hydrolysis of metal peroxides and hydroperoxides is converted to 1/2 mol O2 by CAT. The assay-method was validated in a sealed sample chamber using a liquid-phase Clark-type O2 electrode with known concentrations of O2 and H2O2, and with commercial metal superoxide and peroxide mixed with Mars analogue Mojave and Atacama Desert soils. Carbonates and perchlorates, both present on Mars, do not interfere with the assay. The assay lower limit of detection, using luminescence quenching/optical sensing O2-electrodes, is 1 nmol O2 cm(exp. -3) or better. The activity of the assay enzymes SOD and cytochrome c was unaffected up to 6 Gy exposure by gamma-radiation, while CAT retained 100% and 40% of its activity at 3 and 6 Gy, respectively, demonstrating the suitability of these enzymes for planetary missions, e.g., in Mars or Europa.

Published
2015

38. Two distinct mechanisms for long-range patterning by Decapentaplegic in the Drosophila wing

Author

Lecuit, Thomas, Brook, William J., Ng, Medard, Calleja, Manuel, Sun, Henry, and Cohen, Stephen M.

Subjects
Drosophila -- Growth, Cell interaction -- Physiological aspects, Embryology -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The localized expression of Drosophila Decapentaplegic (Dpp) protein specifies the long-range patterning along the anterior-posterior (A/P) axis of the wing by two different mechanisms. In one mechanism, patterning depends on the local concentration of Dpp. The patterning also depends on the ability of cells to retain the signals that their progenitors got when they were present near Dpp secreting cells. The spalt and optomotor-blind genes mediate Dpp activity and successive A/P axis formation in the early embryo.

Published
1996

41. The Fe-Isotope System and Its Applicability as a Biosignature

Author

Beard, Brian L, Johnson, Clark M, Skulan, Joseph, Taylor, Lawerence A, Sun, Henry, Cox, Lea, Nealson, Kenneth H, Sinha, Mahadeva P, and Gerdenich, Michael J

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

High precision (0.05) Fe isotope analyses show that igneous rocks and loess are invariant but chemical sediments have variable compositions. The relative roles of abiologic and biologic fractionations that produced this range are discussed. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Published
2001

43. We, as BC Students, Should Appreciate Being Here

Author

Sun, Henry

Subjects
Workers, Minimum wage, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Byline: Henry Sun While searching through Twitter on a random day, I came across a quote that really hit me. Cynthia Dewi Oka tweeted , 'A reminder that some parents [...]

Published
2019

44. Welcome Home!: Tips for Incoming Freshmen

Author

Sun, Henry

Subjects
College admissions, Email, Universities and colleges, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness, Boston College
Abstract

Byline: Henry Sun Around this time last year, I was nervously waiting for college acceptance letters from all of the 26 colleges I applied to. After many rejection letters, my [...]

Published
2019

45. CSOM Provided Opportunity to Understand My Political Beliefs

Author

Sun, Henry

Subjects
Baseball teams -- Personal narratives, Cities and towns, Baseball, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Byline: Henry SunAt orientation, we went through the whole spiel of our hometowns, what we are studying, and a fun fact. I came up with three of my main identities--Danville, [...]

Published
2019

46. Humanities Have Value

Author

Sun, Henry

Subjects
Households, Physicians, Engineers, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness, Boston College
Abstract

Byline: Henry SunLiving in a Californian Asian American household, success was defined linearly. If an activity, major, or profession does not up the 'status' of the family, I should not [...]

Published
2019

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