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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of using dorsal toe fibula composite flaps and iliac bone in sequential transplantation for the comprehensive reconstruction of fingers with grade I to III defects. Methods: Between December 2020 and March 2024, data were collected from 36 patients who received complete finger reconstruction for grade I to III defects using dorsal toe fibula composite flaps and iliac bone in sequential transplantation. Postoperative evaluations included Carroll's hand function test scores, hand mobility disability assessments, and overall postoperative conditions. Results: Postoperatively, Carroll's hand function test scores for patients with grade III finger defects showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05), while hand mobility disability scores significantly decreased (P < 0.05). All 47 finger defects in 36 patients were successfully reconstructed with favorable survival outcomes. Among these, two patients with grade III defects experienced donor site numbness; one reported minor walking difficulties, and the other had restricted mobility. Additionally, one case of infection occurred at the recipient site in a grade I defect patient and another at the donor site in a grade II defect patient. Both infections improved with appropriate dressings and cleaning. Overall, the recipient areas healed well, with 32 patients satisfied with the appearance, 4 finding it average, resulting in an 88.89% satisfaction rate. The donor sites also healed well in 33 cases, with 3 cases showing slow healing—one with a grade II and two with grade III defects—none of which developed hypertrophic scars. Of these, 29 patients were satisfied with the appearance, 5 found it average, and 2 were dissatisfied, leading to an 80.56% satisfaction rate for the donor sites. Conclusion: The use of dorsal toe fibula composite flaps and iliac bone in sequential transplantation proves effective for fully reconstructing fingers with grade III defects, while minimizing the impact on both the appearance and function of the donor site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to clarify hematological parameters, transfusion requirements, and adverse events of preoperative intravenous (IVIS) versus oral iron supplementation (OIS) in elective surgery patients. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to 10 December 2023. Twelve RCTs involving 930 participants met our eligibility criteria. Our analysis focused on post-treatment hemoglobin levels, changes in hemoglobin from baseline, ferritin levels, hemoglobin attainment rates, transfusion requirements, and adverse events. We employed the random-effects model for data synthesis, calculating pooled standard mean differences (SMD) or mean differences (MD) or risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool. The GRADE approach evaluated the confidence in effect estimates. Findings: IVIS significantly improved post-treatment hemoglobin levels (MD = 0.77 g/dL, 95% CI [0.30 to 1.23]), hemoglobin increments (MD = 0.69 g/dL, 95% CI [0.01 to 1.37]), and ferritin levels (MD = 260.03 ng/mL, 95% CI [119.65 to 400.42]) compared to OIS. IVIS also led to a higher hemoglobin attainment rate (RR = 1.88, 95% CI [1.24 to 2.86]). No significant differences were noted in transfusion rates or volumes. IVIS was associated with fewer digestive (RR = 0.10, 95% CI [0.05 to 0.22]; I2 = 0%) but more pain-related adverse events (RR = 7.79, 95% CI [1.78 to 34.07]; I2 = 0%). Hospital stay durations and mortality rates were similar between the two groups. Interpretation: IVIS offers a superior improvement in hematological parameters for elective surgery patients but not reducing transfusion needs compared to OIS. While IVIS has fewer digestive adverse events, it increases pain-related complications. These findings highlight the importance of personalized approaches in selecting iron supplementation methods, carefully balancing time, efficacy, and adverse event profiles. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42023483284. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic reduction regulations have resulted in the gradual replacement of traditional food plastic packaging materials with biodegradable and recyclable paper‐based ones. However, paper is prone to water absorption and moisture damage, and it has poor insulation properties, which can impact food quality and user experience. Recently, biopolymers have gained wide interest as the main substrate for paper coatings, providing various qualities for paper‐based materials to meet food packaging requirements. The coating based on chitosan/gelatin/microbeads composite aerogel prepared in this study not only possesses inherent antimicrobial and preservation properties but also enhances the cardboard's mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, and thermal insulation effect after coating on cardboard. When the coating thickness was 30 μm, the tensile strength of the cardboard was enhanced by 0.65 kN/m, the contact angle increased by 19.3°, and the thermal conductivity coefficient decreased by 0.024 W·m−1·K−1. Therefore, the biopolymer composite coating developed in this study provides an eco‐friendly substitute for plastic coatings on cardboard. In addition to bacteriostatic and preserving freshness, it can also address paper‐based material shortcomings, ensuring food quality and safety with comprehensive packaging protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design: A biomechanical study. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of cement-augmented cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw fixation. Methods: Forty-nine CBT screws were inserted into lumbar vertebrae guided by three-dimensionally printed templates, and then injected with 0,.5, or 1.0 mL of polymethylmethacrylate. The screw placement accuracy, cement dispersion, and cement leakage rate were evaluated radiologically. Biomechanical tests were performed to measure the axial pull-out strength and torque value. Results: Overall, 83.67% of the screws were inserted without pedicle perforation. In the 1.0 mL group, cement dispersed into the pedicle zone and formed a concentrated mass more often than in the.5 mL group, but not significantly more often (P >.05). The total cement leakage rate was 18.75%. Compared with the control group, the torque value was slightly higher in the.5 mL group (P =.735) and significantly higher in the 1.0 mL group (P =.026). However, there was no significant difference between the.5 and 1.0 mL groups (P =.431). The maximal pull-out force (Fmax) was increased by 52.85% and 72.73% in the.5 and 1.0 mL groups, respectively, compared with the control group (P <.05). However, the difference was not significant between the 2 cemented groups (P =.985). Conclusions: Cement augmentation is a useful method for increasing CBT screw stability in osteoporotic spines. The cement injection volume is recommended to be 1 mL for each screw, and the cement should disperse into the vertebral body than the pedicle zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]