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Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is an effective phenolic antioxidant that can scavenge hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions. Herein, the protective effects and mechanisms leading to CGA‐induced porcine parthenogenetic activation (PA) in early‐stage embryos were investigated. Our results showed that 50 μM CGA treatment during the in vitro culture (IVC) period significantly increased the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates and improved the blastocyst quality of porcine early‐stage embryos derived from PAs. Then, genes related to zygotic genome activation (ZGA) were identified and investigated, revealing that CGA can promote ZGA in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. Further analysis revealed that CGA treatment during the IVC period decreased the abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the abundance of glutathione and enhanced the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. Mitochondrial function analysis revealed that CGA increased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels and upregulated the mitochondrial homeostasis‐related gene NRF‐1 in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. In summary, our results suggest that CGA treatment during the IVC period helps porcine PA early‐stage embryos by regulating oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a study which examines the genotype of estrogen receptor gene (ESR), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)β, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) including in junmu 1 white pigs, Tibet mini pigs, and dorocs.

The article examines the vital role of interferon-gamma in protecting pigs from viral infection in Heilongjiang, China. To evaluate its effectiveness, researchers assessed the use of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) in 481 in different breeds of pigs, including White, Landrace and Duroc. They also get genotypes and immunity traits by least square analysis and found that IgG with AA genetype is higher than AA and BB locus.

The article presents a study which aims to clone Chinese Taihu piglet through somatic nuclear cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). It reports that the first cloned pig through SCNT was in 2000 but efficiency is still low. Successful cloning of Chinese Taihu pig by fetal fibroblast of the pigs was conducted where modified Taihu pigs with high productivity or human disease models will be based.

The article presents a study which investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) gene and the correlation between polymorphism and carcass traits in red steppe. The study states that polymorphisms has a vital effect on marbling. The study concludes that IGFBP3 gene is a major gene or a QTL linked gene that is connected with meat quality traits in red steppe.

Objective: Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid with antioxidant activity that can be an effective scavenger of free radicals in cells. This study was designed to investigate the effects of OA on porcine early embryo developmental competence in vitro and its possible mechanisms of action., Methods: In the present study, parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos were used as models to assess the effect of OA on the in vitro developmental capacity of early porcine embryos in vitro. Zygotic genome activation, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis in early porcine embryos were examined after supplementing the culture medium with 5 μM OA., Results: The results showed that 5 μM OA supplementation not only significantly increased the blastocyst diameter in early porcine embryos on day 6 but also increased the total number of blastocysts. Furthermore, OA supplementation increased the blastocyst proliferation rate and decreased blastocyst apoptosis. Moreover, OA supplementation significantly increased the proportion of embryos that developed to the 4-cell stage after 48 h of in vitro culture and upregulated the expression of genes associated with zygotic genome activation (DPPA2 and ZSCAN4). Notably, OA alleviated oxidative stress by reducing the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and increasing the intracellular levels of reduced glutathione at the 4-cell stage and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Concurrently, OA significantly increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP content., Conclusion: These results suggest that OA promotes the in vitro developmental competence of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function during in vitro culture and that OA may contribute to the efficiency of in vitro embryo production.