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Alcohol and opioid dependence as well as Schizophrenia causes major distress among the family members and caregivers……

Background: Cyclin D1 as a biomarker is over expressed in indraductal carcinoma in breast not in benign breast diseases. Introduction: The study has been conducted in the Department of Pathology of a tertiary medical college of eastern India (n=57, d=18 months). Aims & Objectives: The primary aim was to find the correlation between Cyclin D1 with different biomarkers as well as other variables. Results: The association of age, ER (Estrogen Receptor) scoring, ER Positive & Negative status, PR scoring, PR positive and negative status, Her2Neu status, Tumor grade, Stage of the tumour, Laterality and location vs group have not been found to be statistically significant. However association of Her2Neu scoring (p=0.03), Ki67 status (p=0.002), Molecular Classification (p=0.01) vs group has been found to be statistically highly significant. Conclusion: Cyclin D1 over expression has been reported in about half of the human breast cancers and the present study has found its direct relationship of Her2Neu scoring, Ki67 labelling index status and molecular classification vs group enriching our present knowledge and understanding. Keywords: Cyclin D1, Correlation, Molecular classification, Her2Neu status, Ki67 labelling index, Intraductal carcinoma.

In this study, various detector configurations have been investigated in order to explore the optimal condition for decay rate measurements of radioactive samples using gamma spectroscopy technique. A limitation of detecting low energy gamma rays from decaying radioactive nuclei, is the Compton background which can be significantly reduced by rejecting Compton scattered events through active Bismuth germanate (BGO) shielding. On the other hand, for a CLOVER detector without BGO shielding, one can place the radioactive samples very close to the detector for enhancing geometrical efficiency. A single crystal High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector can also be used for decay rate measurements. In order to measure the decay rate of nuclei decaying via gamma emission with reasonable intensity, optimal close geometry options have been investigated for various HPGe detector configurations.

New transitions in neutron-rich Y100 have been identified in a Be9+U238 experiment with mass and Z gates to provide full fragment identification. These transitions and high spin levels of Y100 have been investigated by analyzing the high statistics γ-γ-γ and γ-γ-γ-γ coincidence data from the spontaneous fission of Cf252 at the Gammasphere detector array. Two new bands, 14 new levels, and 23 new transitions have been identified. The Kπ=4+ new band decaying to a 1s isomeric state is assigned to be the high-K Gallagher-Moszkowski (GM) partner of the known Kπ=1+ band, with the π5/2[522] - ν3/2[411] configuration. This 4+ band is also proposed to be the pseudospin partner of the new Kπ=5+ band with a 5+π5/2[422] - ν5/2[413] configuration, to form a π5/2[422] - ν[3125/2,3/2] neutron pseudospin doublet. Constrained triaxial covariant density-functional theory and quantal particle rotor model calculations have been applied to interpret the band structure and available electromagnetic transition probabilities and are found to be in good agreement with experimental values.

Inland waters are important sources of greenhouse gases and emissions from polluted subtropical systems may be contributing to the observed global increase in atmospheric methane concentrations. Here we detail a scoping study where dissolved concentrations of greenhouse gases methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) were measured in two contrasting urban lakes in Bangalore (Bengaluru), Karnataka, India, from June 2018 to February 2020. Bellandur Lake is a severely polluted system whilst Jakkur Lake has been subject to partial restoration via treatment of organic matter inputs. Methane concentrations in Bellandur Lake were three orders of magnitude higher than in Jakkur Lake, with a mean concentration of 3.02 ± 1.57 mg CH4-C L−1 compared to 1.72 ± 1.22 μg CH4-C L−1. At Bellandur Lake, dissolved CO2 concentrations were of the same order of magnitude as for CH4, whereas at Jakkur Lake dissolved CO2 concentrations were two orders of magnitude greater than for CH4. Concentrations of N2O were negligible in both lakes. Extrapolating our data to estimate greenhouse gas fluxes, mean daily methane fluxes from Bellandur Lake were consistently in excess of 1000 mg CH4 m2 d−1, rendering the lake a source of GHGs to the order of 148,350 ± 21,790 ton yr−1 CO2-e yr−1, compared to 100 ± 37 ton CO2-e yr−1 from Jakkur Lake, with CH4 contributing primarily to this difference. We propose that the contribution of severely polluted urban lakes to global CH4 production warrants further investigation, particularly as our evidence suggests that standard secondary wastewater treatment to support restoration of these systems has the potential to significantly reduce CH4 emissions.

The origin of the large $\alpha$ particle production and incomplete fusion in reactions involving weakly-bound $\alpha$+$x$ cluster nuclei still remains unresolved. While the (two-step) process of breakup followed by capture of the ``free" complementary fragment ($x$) is widely believed to be responsible, a few recent studies suggest the dominant role of (direct) cluster stripping. To achieve an unambiguous experimental discrimination between these two processes, a coincidence measurement between the outgoing $\alpha$ particles and $\gamma$ rays from the heavy residues has been performed for the $^7$Li($\alpha$+triton)+$^{93}$Nb system. Proper choice of kinematical conditions allowed for the first time a significant population of the region accessible only to the direct triton stripping process and not to breakup followed by the capture of the ``free'' triton (from the three-body continuum). This result, also supported by a cluster-transfer calculation, clearly establishes the dominance of the direct cluster-stripping mechanism in the large alpha production.

We report the first observation of two wobbling bands in ^{183}Au, both of which were interpreted as the transverse wobbling (TW) band but with different behavior of their wobbling energies as a function of spin. It increases (decreases) with spin for the positive (negative) parity configuration. The crucial evidence for the wobbling nature of the bands, dominance of the E2 component in the ΔI=1 transitions between the partner bands, is provided by the simultaneous measurements of directional correlation from the oriented states ratio and the linear polarization of the γ rays. Particle rotor model calculations with triaxial deformation reproduce the experimental data well. A value of spin, I_{m}, has been determined for the observed TW bands below which the wobbling energy increases and above which it decreases with spin. The nucleus ^{183}Au is, so far, the only nucleus in which both the increasing and the decreasing parts are observed and thus gives the experimental evidence of the complete transverse wobbling phenomenon.

The low-lying non-yrast states in $^{114}\mathrm{Te}$ have been investigated using the Indian National Gamma Array through the fusion-evaporation reaction $^{112}\mathrm{Sn}(^{4}\mathrm{He},2n)$ at a beam energy of 37 MeV. Eight new $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transitions have been placed in the level scheme to establish the quasi-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ band in this nucleus. Spin and parity of several excited states have been assigned from the present spectroscopy measurements. The comparison of experimental results on the observed bands with the interacting boson model (IBM) and triaxial projected shell model (TPSM) confirms the existence of the quasi-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ band structure in the $^{114}\mathrm{Te}$ nucleus.

Background: COVID-19, like every other pandemic, has imposed an unprecedented threat to doctors' physical and mental health. Literature in this area is sparse. The present study has been done to explore the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of doctors regarding this pandemic and how it influences their depression, anxiety, and stress level. Materials and Methods: This online survey has been done for 10 days. Data were collected on background characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the respondents in a semi-structured pro forma, and psychiatric morbidity was measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. A total of 152 complete responses have been received. The data were assessed using SPSS software. Results: Out of 152 study participants, 34.9% were depressed and 39.5% and 32.9% were having anxiety and stress, respectively. Significant predictors for psychiatric morbidities were experience in health sector, duty hours, use of protective measures, and altruistic coping. Multivariable logistic regression showed most of the factors to be significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress level. Discussion: Doctors who were working during COVID pandemic have a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity. Age and having multiple comorbidities are significant predictive factors. Adequate protective measures should be warranted. Altruistic coping and a sense of greater goal are significant among the doctor community, in this pressing time. The doctors are pushing themselves to the best of their capacity and also protecting their patients' best interest. A large-scale, multicentric study will probably give a larger picture and will guide us for better service planning and delivery.

The excited states in the transitional nucleus $^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$ have been populated by using $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-induced fusion-evaporation reaction and the de-exciting $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays were detected with the Compton suppressed clover detector setup of the Indian National Gamma Array coupled to digital data acquisition system. The existing level structure of $^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$ has been significantly extended with the observation and placement of 72 new $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transitions. The use of light-ion ($\ensuremath{\alpha}$) beam helped to identify several new band structures in $^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$ with different quasiparticle (qp) configurations. The multipolarities of the observed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays have been determined on the basis of the directional correlation from oriented states ratio and polarization asymmetry measurements. The yrast negative-parity band has been confirmed up to ${35/2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ spin and the highly nonyrast signature partner of this band has been identified for the first time. The positive-parity band, based on the ${3/2}^{+}$ ground state, has been extended up to ${23/2}^{+}$ with the observation of a signature inversion, which signifies a pair of particle alignment around the spin of 15/2 $\ensuremath{\hbar}$. A dipole band, consisting of $M1$ transitions has been identified and assigned a 5-qp configuration. A new band structure built on a 3-qp ${23/2}^{+}$ state has been observed with a large signature splitting. A comparison in the isotopic and isotonic chains reveals the transitional nature of the $N=77$ nuclei. Total Routhian surface calculations have been performed to understand the structure of $^{131}\mathrm{Xe}$ associated with different configurations.

Rotational band structures and low-lying single-particle levels in $^{117}\mathrm{Sb}$ have been populated using reaction $^{115}\mathrm{In}(\ensuremath{\alpha}$, $2n)^{117}\mathrm{Sb}$ at a beam energy of 28 MeV and investigated using $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopic techniques. The existing level scheme has been extended with the observation of 31 new transitions. The signature partner of the band structure based on the configuration of $\ensuremath{\pi}{g}_{7/2}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}2\mathrm{p}\text{\ensuremath{-}}2\mathrm{h}$ of the $^{116}\mathrm{Sn}$ core has been established in $^{117}\mathrm{Sb}$ for the first time. Several single-particle nonyrast transitions connecting to various band structures have also been identified. Measurements of the DCO ratios, polarization asymmetry and angular distribution of the observed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays have been carried out to assign the spin-parities to the levels of all the band structures and the low-lying single-particle states, populated in the present work. The spin-parities are also determined for the states of the two previously unassigned bands. The lower-spin structures have been interpreted on the basis of large-scale shell-model calculations using OXBASH. Particle Rotor Model (PRM) calculations have been carried out to explain the large signature splitting of the observed signature partner bands.

An exclusive systematic study of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) parameters has been performed in very light mass nucleus P 31 in the temperature range of ∼ 0.8 – 2.1 MeV and average angular momentum of ∼ 11 – 16 ħ . The high-energy γ rays from the decay of the GDR, evaporated neutrons and γ-ray multiplicities have been measured. The angular distribution of high-energy γ rays has also been measured at E beam = 42 MeV . The GDR parameters, nuclear level density parameter and nuclear temperature were precisely determined by simultaneous statistical model analysis of high-energy γ ray and evaporated neutron spectra. It is observed that the measured width remains roughly constant up to a temperature of ∼ 1.6 MeV . Moreover, the thermal pairing plays no role in describing the GDR width in this open-shell light nucleus at the above-mentioned temperatures and angular momenta. The present measurements provide an excellent platform to extend the applicability of the existing theoretical models down to the very light mass nuclei.

The High-spin states in 195Tl, populated through the 185,187Re(13C, xn) fusion evaporation reaction at the beam energy of 75 MeV, were studied using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA). More than 50 new γ transitions have been placed in the proposed level scheme which is extended up to the excitation energy of ≈ 5.6 MeV and spin=22.5ħ. Two pairs of degenerate bands based on two different quasi-particle configurations have been identified in this nucleus indicating the first observation of such bands in an odd-A nucleus in A∼190 region and signify the first evidence of multiple chiral bands in a nucleus in this region. The total Routhian surface calculations predict triaxial shapes for both the configurations and thereby, support the experimental observation. The importance of multiple neutron holes in the i13/2 orbital and the stability of shapes for these two configurations have been discussed. Keywords: Nuclear Structure, γ-ray spectroscopy, Doubly degenerate bands, TRS calculation

The development of a digitizer based pulse processing and data acquisition system for γ -ray spectroscopy with large detector arrays is presented. The system is based on 250 MHz 12-bit digitizers, and is triggered by a user chosen multiplicity of Compton suppressed detectors. The logic for trigger generation is similar to the one practised for analog (NIM/CAMAC) pulse processing electronics, while retaining the fast processing merits of the digitizer system. Codes for reduction of data acquired from the system have also been developed. The system has been tested with offline studies using radioactive sources as well as in the in-beam experiments with an array of Compton suppressed Clover detectors. The results obtained therefrom validate its use in spectroscopic efforts for nuclear structure investigations.

The present work reports the performance of 1.5 ′ ′ x 1.5 ′ ′ CeBr 3 cylindrical fast scintillator detectors, coupled to the Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) Hamamatsu R13089-100. The detectors are characterized with respect to the energy linearity response, energy resolution, absolute photopeak efficiency and time resolution, using standard radioactive sources. The energy spectra recorded for different radioactive sources and the absolute photopeak efficiency at different source-to-detector distances are compared with the GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation. The best time resolution of 141 ( 1 ) ps, measured for the 1173–1332 keV prompt γ -ray cascade for a single 1.5 ′ ′ x 1.5 ′ ′ CeBr 3 detector, is reported from the present work. The results are compared with the values reported for similar detectors of different sizes.

A 7.5 years girl presented with myoclonic jerks with prolonged duration coming progressively at shorter intervals for last six moinths. There was declining academic performances. The dystonic, dyskinetic movements and ataxia were there for last three months. The stages were progressing too rapidly. IgG antibody titre to measles virus was found to be positive with EEG changes which confirms diagnosis. SSPE at so early age with atypical presentation is unique in this indexed case.

The excited states of 169Tm have been studied via the 169Tm(32S,32S′)169Tm* reaction at the beam energy of 164MeV. The $\gamma$-rays were detected using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) setup, composed of 19 Compton-suppressed clover HPGe detectors. A new level scheme of 169Tm with 11 newly placed $ \gamma$-rays has been proposed. A band crossing in the $ \pi [541]1/2^{-}$ band and several interband E1 transitions between this and the $ \pi [411]1/2^{+}$ ground-state band have been observed for the first time in this nucleus. The role of the $N=98$ deformed shell gap has been discussed by comparing the band crossing parameters of the negative parity bands in Tm and other neighboring nuclei. The origin of the interband E1 transitions has been investigated in terms of coupling to octupole degrees of freedom. The shape evolution of the Tm isotopes around $ N=98$ have been studied in the projected and cranked shell model approaches, both of which predict a change in shape from an axial prolate to a triaxial one after band crossing in these nuclei. The new data and the calculations help to understand the unusual structural phenomena reported for the nuclei with $ N=98$.

High and medium spin structures of 130,131Xe have been studied using α-induced fusion-evaporation reaction and the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) coupled with a digital data acquisition system. Various new band structures and near yrast levels of 131Xe have been established. The multipolarities of the observed transitions have been assigned on the basis of the DCO ratios and the polarization asymmetry measurements. Band structures based on 1-quasi-particle (qp), 3-qp configurations have been observed. A new Magnetic Rotational (MR) band based on 5-qp configuration has also been established in 131Xe. The MR band has been interpreted in terms of shears mechanism with principal axis cranking (SPAC) calculations. Shell Model calculations are carried out to describe the non yrast states of 131Xe above the 11/2− isomer. New excited states have also been identified in 130Xe, produced in the same reaction.

Background: Levels fulfilling the seniority scheme and relevant isomers are commonly observed features in semimagic nuclei; for example, in Sn isotopes (Z=50). Seniority isomers in Sn, with dominantly pure neutron configurations, directly probe the underlying neutron-neutron (νν) interaction. Furthermore, an addition of a valence proton particle or hole, through neutron-proton (νπ) interaction, affects the neutron seniority as well as the angular momentum. Purpose: Benchmark the reproducibility of the experimental observables, like the excitation energies (EX) and the reduced electric-quadrupole transition probabilities [B(E2)], with the results obtained from shell-model interactions for neutron-rich Sn and Sb isotopes with N

The excited states of $^{197}\mathrm{Tl}$ have been studied via $^{197}\mathrm{Au}(^{4}\mathrm{He}$, $4\mathrm{n})^{197}\mathrm{Tl}$ reaction at a beam energy of 50 MeV from the K-130 cyclotron at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC). The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays were detected using the VECC array for Nuclear Spectroscopy (VENUS) with six Compton-suppressed clover HPGe detectors. An improved level scheme of $^{197}\mathrm{Tl}$ has been proposed from this work, which has been extended to 5.1 MeV of excitation energy and 39/2 $\ensuremath{\hbar}$ of spin from the placement of 28 new $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transitions. Band crossings in the known one- and three-quasiparticle (qp) bands have been identified for the first time in this work. Two new bands, based on 3-qp and 5-qp configurations, have been observed for the first time in this nucleus; both of which are identified as the magnetic rotational (MR) in nature. The excitation energies of these bands are similar to that of the doubly degenerate bands observed for the similar 3-qp and 5-qp configurations in $^{195}\mathrm{Tl}$. These indicate a transition from an aplanar geometry of the neutron, proton, and the core angular momentum vectors to a planar one for neutron number $N\ensuremath{\ge}116$ in Tl isotopes. The total Routhian surface calculations suggest a change in shape from oblate for the 1-qp configuration to a near-spherical one for the 3- and 5-qp configurations. This is consistent with the observed MR nature of the bands with multi-qp configuration. The MR bands are well reproduced by a model calculations in the frame work of the shears mechanism with the principal axis cranking.

Background : Congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) refers to a group of muscular dystrophies that become apparent in early infancy or at birth. Muscular dystrophies are mostly genetic and a degenerative disease primarily affects voluntary muscles.Introduction : Alpha dystroglycanopathies both phenotypically and genetically are heterogeneous group of disorders and a subgroup of these patients has characteristic brain imaging findings.Material and methods: The case vignette shows a four year old girl presented in the OPD with history of throwing tantrums, delayed developmental milestones, irritability and anger outbursts. She had a history of admission in paediatric neurology indoor with complex partial seizures controlled by tab oxcarbazepine. She was born full term of non-consanguineous marriage by LUCS. There was progressive muscular weakness since early infancy with difficulty in sucking and breathing. No developmental regression was noticed.Results : Her development quotient was found to be 46, plasma ammonia and lactate levels were normal, creatinine kinase was high (314 IU/L). MRI of brain revealed polymicrogyria, white matter changes and subcortical cerebellar cysts. The pattern recognition of MR imaging features may serve as a clue to the diagnosis of alpha dystroglycanopathy although definite diagnosis could be obtained only by muscle biopsy and genetic testing.Conclusion : In Japan, Fukuyama disease is fairly common, second to Duchenne muscular dystrophy but milder form lie this case is rare. The mutation in FKTN gene which gives instructions for making a protein called fukutin, which chemically modify a protein alpha-dystroglycan. Highindex of suspicion and early diagnosis is required to initiate prompt therapy which is mainly supportive with rigorous physiotherapy, antiepileptic drugs, parental and genetic counseling.

Background: Nicotine dependence, depression, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypothyroidism are risk factors of sexual dysfunction. Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to find the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and the various sexual response cycle domains in individuals with nicotine dependence with and without comorbidities. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 individuals attending the tobacco cessation clinic were included in the study. To assess the primary outcome, Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence, Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, and Hamilton's Depression Rating Scale 17had been administered after validation in local vernacular. Results: In the sample, 32 (61.5%) were male and 20 (38.5) were female. The 17 participants (32.7%) met the criteria of low nicotine dependence, 5 (9.6%) participants met low to moderate, 11 participants (21.2%) had moderate dependence, and 19 (36.5%) participants met the criteria of high nicotine dependence. Conclusions: The nicotine dependence is directly related to sexual dysfunction, and it affects various stages of the sexual response cycle. One-quarter of individuals of nicotine dependence also met the threshold criteria of depression. The interventions as primary and primordial preventions with awareness building and health education may be a cost-effective measure to prevent tobacco-related deaths.

High spin band structures of neutron-rich $^{152--158}\mathrm{Pm}$ isotopes have been obtained from the measurement of prompt $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays of isotopically identified fragments produced in fission of $^{238}\mathrm{U}+^{9}\mathrm{Be}$ and detected using the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer and EXOGAM segmented Clover array at GANIL and also from the high statistics $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ data from the spontaneous fission of $^{252}\mathrm{Cf}$ using Gammasphere. The excited states in $^{157}\mathrm{Pm}$ and those above the isomers in even-$A$ Pm isotopes $^{152,154,156,158}\mathrm{Pm}$ have been identified for the first time. The spectroscopic information on the rotational band structures in odd-$A$ Pm isotopes has been extended considerably to higher spins and the possibility of the presence of reflection asymmetric shapes is explored. The configuration assignments are based on the results of cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov calculations. From the systematics of bands in odd-$A$ Pm isotopes and weak population of opposite parity bands, octupole deformed shapes in neutron-rich Pm isotopes beyond $N=90$ seem unlikely to be present.

The present Rapid Communication reports conclusive evidence for an antimagnetic rotational band in the odd-odd $^{142}\mathrm{Eu}$ nucleus. The parity of the states of a quadrupole sequence in this nucleus is identified firmly from polarization measurements using the Indian National Gamma Array, and lifetimes of some of the states in the same structure are measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The decreasing trends of the deduced quadrupole transition strength $B(E2)$ with spin in the sequence along with the increasing ${J}^{(2)}/B(E2)$ values conclusively establish the origin of these states as arising from antimagnetic rotation. The results are well reproduced by numerical calculations within the framework of a semiclassical geometric model.

We present, for the first time, simultaneous determination of shear viscosity ($\eta$) and entropy density ($s$) and thus, $\eta/s$ for equilibrated nuclear systems from $A$ $\sim$ 30 to $A$ $\sim$ 208 at different temperatures. At finite temperature, $\eta$ is estimated by utilizing the $\gamma$ decay of the isovector giant dipole resonance populated via fusion evaporation reaction, while $s$ is evaluated from the nuclear level density parameter (${a}$) and nuclear temperature ($T$), determined precisely by the simultaneous measurements of the evaporated neutron energy spectra and the compound nuclear angular momenta. The transport parameter $\eta$ and the thermodynamic parameter $s$ both increase with temperature resulting in a mild decrease of $\eta$/$s$ with temperature. The extracted $\eta$/$s$ is also found to be independent of the neutron-proton asymmetry at a given temperature. Interestingly, the measured $\eta$/$s$ values are comparable to that of the high-temperature quark-gluon plasma, pointing towards the fact that strong fluidity may be the universal feature of the strong interaction of many-body quantum systems., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters, 6 pages, 4 figures

The high spin excited states of $^{169}\mathrm{Tm}$ have been studied via the $^{169}\mathrm{Tm}$($^{32}\mathrm{S}$, $^{32}\mathrm{S}^{\ensuremath{'}}$)$^{169}{\mathrm{Tm}}^{*}$ reaction at a beam energy of 164 MeV. The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays were detected using an array of 19 Compton-suppressed clover HPGe detectors. The band based on the $[411]1/{2}^{+}$ Nilsson orbital has been extended to observe the band crossing for the first time in this nucleus. A sharp backbending, similar to $^{165}\mathrm{Tm}$, is observed in this nucleus which is in complete contrast with its immediate neighbor $^{167}\mathrm{Tm}$. The data were interpreted in the cranked shell model approach by calculating the total Routhian surfaces, crossing frequencies, and the interaction strengths for these nuclei which are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. It is suggested that the $N=98$ deformed shell gap has larger effect in determining the nature of alignment than its shape driving effect.

High-spin band structures of $^{200}\mathrm{Tl}$ have been studied by $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopic methods using the $^{198}\mathrm{Pt}(^{7}\mathrm{Li},5n)^{200}\mathrm{Tl}$ reaction at 45 MeV of beam energy. The level scheme of $^{200}\mathrm{Tl}$ has been extended significantly and several new band structures have been established with the observation of 60 new transitions. The $\ensuremath{\pi}{h}_{9/2}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}\ensuremath{\nu}{i}_{13/2}$ oblate band has been extended beyond the particle alignment frequencies. The band structures and the other excited states have been compared with the neighboring odd-odd Tl isotopes. Total Routhian surface calculations have been performed to study the deformation and shape changes as a function of spin in this nucleus. These calculations could reproduce the particle alignment frequency and suggest that the neutron pair alignment in $\ensuremath{\nu}{i}_{13/2}$ orbital induces $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ softness in $^{200}\mathrm{Tl}$.

There are reviews about portrayal of Psychiatry in Hollywood and Bollywood movies. Impact of cine media is extremely important in regional movies where actors and actresses are being worshipped as god. Initial stigmatization about madness is gradually changing to some strong social messages. Tollywood or Bengali movies have incorporated the mental illness way back from the era of Satyajit Ray and Riitwik Ghatak. The newer Bengali movies have extreme importance in spreading awareness and reducing stigma of mental illness.Keywords : Tollywood movies, Mental Illness, Stigmatizarion, Social messages.

Two opposite parity dipole sequences (DB I and DB II) in 142Eu have been investigated using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA), and heavy-ion induced fusion-evaporation reaction, 116Cd(31P, 5n) at ELab = 148 MeV. The Configurations of these bands are assigned on the basis of tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory (TAC-CDFT) calculations. The measured B(M1) and B(E2) rates of the DB I and DB II, have been well reproduced within the shears mechanism with the principal axis cranking model (SPAC) calculations leading to the conclusion that these bands have been based on the shears mechanism. The large B(E1) transition rates between DB I and DB II indicate the existence of octupole correlation in 142Eu that has also been corroborated through microscopic multidimensionally-constrained covariant density functional theory (MDC-CDFT) calculations. Thus, the present investigation leads to the novel observation of the presence of octupole correlation between two shears band. Keywords: Lifetime measurement, Tilted axis rotation, Principal axis rotation, Octupole correlation, 142Eu

Background: Temperament in children and adolescents acts as a trait marker which can predict behavioral abnormalities. There was no systemic study in India which has compared the temperamental, behavioral and cognitive changes associated with this hemoglobinopathy among thalassemia major (TM) group. Materials and Methods: The specific objectives of this study were to find the clinicodemographic profile of individuals and parents, the behavioral, temperamental profile of children of beta TM and correlation of temperamental profile with number of blood transfusions, cognitive profile of children having beta TM, minor and age-matched control children and adolescents. Results: Child and adolescents having TM have more temperamental and behavioral problems (P < 0.001) and have more psychopathology in comparison to Tm group. Descriptive statistics of the groups and group comparison (ANOVA) shows statistically significant difference in Temperament Measurement Schedule (TMS) total, CPMS total, TMT A, TMT B, and Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS) scales (P = 0.000). Descriptive statistics and group comparison (Chi-square test) show significance in number of blood transfusions not with other parameters (P < 0.001). Comparison between TM (Case) and Tm (Control) (t-test) shows significance with only TMS total and CPMS scales, not in other scales. The correlation matrix showed significant correlation in-between all the parameters (blood transfusion, TMS, CPMS, TMT A, TMT B, and CDRS). Discussion: Those who have been diagnosed as TM have more behavioral and cognitive problems than their comparators. Youngsters receiving more blood transfusions due to their ailments scored higher in childhood depression rating scale. Conclusion: The temperamental, behavioural and cognitive profile are key determinants of both internalizing and externalizing symptoms and management plan can be guided accordingly as reflected in this study.

In this qualitative study we investigated the role of bantering in creating a learning community for science education. The curriculum was centered on a technology-integrated Project Based Approach (PBA). We examined the pattern of in-service teachers’ interaction with such a learning environment and perceptions of their future instructional practices that result from collaborative reflection on the use of Banter throughout the semester. The findings suggest that exposure to bantering interaction not only helped the in-service teachers to make decisions about the scientific issues they will face in the future but also helped to construct a more inquiry based understanding of the issues in science teaching. Methodological limits and possibilities were explored through the use of data analysis software such as Inspiration and NVivo.

The most common criticism of standardized testing is that teachers find themselves “teaching to the test” instead of teaching the various content and skill areas of the curriculum. In recent years, standardized tests have become the predominant tool used to determine a student’s progress, to promote or retain a student at the current grade level, and to identify if a learning disability exists. The main problem with standardized tests is that they inhibit the kind of education that matters the most, preparing young people with “higher order thinking skills” to compete in a global economy. Does “teaching to the test”, an integral part of standardized tests, really increase student capabilities and knowledge, or does it simply put more pressure on teachers and students? Teachers want their students to excel on their standardized tests for both their benefit, as well as the benefit of their students. High scores become even more important because the school district uses individual school test scores to evaluate each school. In many cases, school ratings are now linked to funding and teacher evaluation. Novice teachers are the next generation of educators who will be teaching school children. These enthusiastic, optimistic young professionals have a unique perspective that has not been tainted by the educational bureaucracy. In this paper some novice teachers who were presently teaching voiced their concerns and opinions against standardized tests.

Background: Down syndrome, most common chromosomal abnormality leading to intellectual disability is being diagnosed by Karyotyping. Due to cost constraints, parents couldn’t afford to do Karyotyping which causes delay in individual and family interventions. Introduction: Down syndrome has characteristic morphological features. The minor physical anomaly (MPA) are insults which occur in utero during embryonic development mostly in first and early second trimester and persists throughout life. Material and Methods: 70 karyotyping confirmed cases of Down syndrome (DS), 70 other causes of intellectual disabilities (Other ID) and 70 age matched normal children and adolescents (Average) have been incorporated in the study. The Modified Waldrop's scale (Ismail's 41 item scale) have been applied. Demographic comparison and Decision tree algorithm approach have been analysed by SPSS 25 version. Results and Discussion: The paternal age of childbirth, maternal age of childbirth, maternal age of marriage (P < 0.001), income (P = 0.026) variables are statistically significant in Down's syndrome group in comparison to other two groups whereas age and birth order are not statistically significant. DS group has more MPA (m = 17.04, SD = 5.462), than other ID (m = 5.93, SD = 2.628) and Average group (m = 1.59, SD = 1.378). Big sandal gap, high arched palate and epicanthus are most common three minor anomalies found in Down syndrome. Region wise scoring shows high significance (P < 0.001) in Global head, eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet in Down syndrome group. The four anomalies; epicanthus, telecanthus, high-arched palate, and curved fifth finger) thus can be grouped as differentiating anomalies. When clinodactyly (item 27) and high arched palate (item 21) are present together or epicanthus (item 08) and telecanthus (item 09) present together sensitivity of diagnosing the case as Down syndrome is 0.945 with negative predictive value 0.979. Conclusion: The simian crease which is being considered as common physical anomaly is not specific for Down syndrome. The large scale study is required to extrapolate the above findings but surely it opens new avenue of research.

This study examined the effects of an extensive inquiry-based field experience on pre service elementary teachers’ personal agency beliefs, a composite measure of context beliefs and capability beliefs related to teaching science. The research combined quantitative and qualitative approaches and included an experimental group that utilized the inquiry method and a control group that used traditional teaching methods. Pre- and post-test scores for the experimental and control groups were compared. The context beliefs of both groups showed no significant change as a result of the experience. However, the control group’s capability belief scores, lower than those of the experimental group to start with, declined significantly; the experimental group’s scores remained unchanged. Thus, the inquiry-based field experience led to an increase in personal agency beliefs. The qualitative data suggested a new hypothesis that there is a spiral relationship among teachers’ ability to establish communicative relationships with students, desire for personal growth and improvement, ability to implement multiple instructional strategies, and possession of substantive content knowledge. The study concludes that inquiry-based student teaching should be encouraged in the training of elementary school science teachers. However, the meaning and practice of the inquiry method should be clearly delineated to ensure its correct implementation in the classroom.

Agenesis of corpus callosum can have various neuropsychiatric manifestations. Following case report highlights the case of a young man presenting with features of recurrent brief depressive disorder, each lasting for about 3 to 7 days, for over a year. He had history of occasional headache and episodes of swooning attack in between, usually precipitated by emotional events. His neuroimaging revealed agenesis of corpus callosum. He was experiencing swooning attacks as he became aware that some ′unusual′ findings were present in his reports. Recurrent brief depression can be a manifestation of this congenital anomaly, and conversion disorder can be present as comorbid diagnosis perhaps due to ignorance and fear of this apparently innocuous congenital malformation.

A new high-spin isomer has been identified in 195Bi at the focal plane of the HYbrid Recoil mass Analyser (HYRA) used in the gas-filled mode. The fusion evaporation reactions 169Tm (30Si, x n) 193, 195Bi were used with the beam energies on targets of 168 and 146MeV for 6n and 4n channels, respectively. The evaporation residues, separated from the fission fragments, and their decays were detected at the focal plane of HYRA using MWPC, Si-Pad and clover HPGe detectors. The half-life of the new isomer in 195Bi has been measured to be 1.6(1)μs. The configuration of the new isomer has been proposed and compared with the other isomers in this region. The Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations for the three-quasiparticle configurations corresponding to the new isomer suggest an oblate deformation for this isomeric state. The same calculations for different configurations in 195Bi and for the even-even 194Pb core indicate that the proton i 13/2 orbital has a large shape driving effect towards oblate shape in these nuclei.

Excitation functions were measured by stacked-foil activation technique for the $^{150}$Nd(p, xpyn) reaction using 97.65$%$ enriched $^{150}$Nd target. Measurement up to $\sim$50$%$ above barrier and down to 18$%$ below the barrier was performed using proton beam energy (E$_p$) of 7 - 15 MeV from VECC Cyclotron. The yield of suitable $\gamma$ rays emitted following the decay of relevant evaporation residues was determined using a 50$%$ High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector.(p,n) cross section was found to follow the expected trend with a maximum value of 63.7(4.9)mb at E$_p$ $\sim$ 8.6 MeV. (p,2n) cross section gradually increased with E$_p$ and had maximum contribution to the total reaction cross section after E$_p$ $\sim$ 9.0 MeV. (p, p$^{\prime}$n) reaction channel also showed a reasonable yield with a threshold of E$_p$ $\sim$ 12.0 MeV. The experimental data were corroborated with statistical model calculations using different codes, viz., CASCADE, ALICE/91 and EMPIRE3.1. All the calculations using a suitable set of global parameters could reproduce the excitation function fairly well in the present energy range.

Lifetimes of the states in the quadrupole structure in 143Eu have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method as well as parity of the states in the sequence has been firmly identified from polarization measurement using the Indian National Gamma Array. The decreasing trends of the deduced quadrupole transition strength B(E2) with spin, along with increasing J (2) /B(E2) values before band crossing, conclusively establish the origin of these states as arising out of antimagnetic rotation. The abrupt increase in the B(E2) values after the band crossing in the quadrupole band, a novel feature observed in the present experiment, may indicates the crossing of different shears configurations resulting in re-opening of shears structure. The results are well reproduced by numerical calculation within the framework of semi-classical geometric model., Comment: 6 pages, 4 postscript figures

The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) is present in the urine of tobacco users and, at lower concentrations, in the urine of nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke. NNAL is a valuable biomarker of human exposure to the carcinogenic nitrosamines in tobacco and tobacco smoke, but its presence at low concentrations in urine requires sensitive and often complex analytic procedures. In this report, we describe the development of an efficient method for the analysis of NNAL in human urine using liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) combined with a novel sample cleanup based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) column developed specifically for this assay. Our results suggest that this combination of MIP column extraction and LC/MS/MS can provide a sensitive and relatively simple analytical method suitable for application to epidemiologic investigations of health risks associated with the exposure to tobacco smoke or SHS in both smokers and nonsmokers.

In this work, decay spectroscopy of neutron-rich 43 K has been performed at the Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) facility at Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata by producing it with an 18-MeV alpha beam on 40 Ar gas target. The beam was delivered from the K130 Cyclotron and the gas jet recoil transport system was used to move the products to a low-background site. The β-feeding intensities were measured by both high resolution γ-ray spectroscopy and total absorption γ-ray spectroscopy methods in order to address mainly the anomalies (if any) in the feeding to ΔJ ≥ 1 levels reported earlier. The decay half-life of 43 K was also measured to be 22.4(1) hrs.

Expérience GANIL/VAMOS/EXOGAM; International audience; The previously reported levels and assignments to 151,152,153Pr have recently been called into question about the mass assignment to the reported bands. Recently prompt γ-rays in coincidence with isotopically-identified fission fragments using VAMOS++ and EXOGAM, produced using 238U on a 9Be target have been reported. To clarify the recently questioned mass assignments of 151,152,153Pr, the γ-γ-γ-γ data from 252Cf (SF) by using Gammasphere and the GANIL in-beam mass- and Z-gated γ-spectra were combined to assign transitions and levels in these Pr isotopes. The transitions and levels previously assigned to 151,153Pr have been confirmed by the M-Z gated spectra. The transitions previously assigned to 152Pr are now assigned to 151Pr by using the M-Z gated spectra. Three new bands with 24 new transitions in 152Pr and one new band with 7 new transitions in 153Pr are identified. The Yttrium fission partners of all the 151,152,153Pr have Gaussian yield distributions that peak at the 3n channel.

Fusion and quasi-elastic scattering measurements have been carried out for $^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}$+$^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ systems in the energy range $E/{V}_{b}\ensuremath{\sim}0.7$ to 1.5. Coupled-channel calculations including coupling to inelastic states of the target and projectiles are able to explain an enhancement in measured fusion cross sections at energies below the barrier. At energies above the barrier the complete fusion cross sections are found to be suppressed compared to the coupled-channel predictions for both systems. A systematic comparison of fusion cross sections of the weakly bound stable nuclei $^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}$ and halo nuclei $^{6,8}\mathrm{He}$ on a $^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ target is presented. Barrier distributions from quasi-elastic scattering are seen to shift towards higher energies with respect to fusion after inclusion of the breakup-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ channel for both $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ and $^{7}\mathrm{Li}$.