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The intention of this research is to recapitulate the two different fillers like E glass fiber and nanocarbon fiber, which were utilized to fabricate the polymer matrix composites by the assistance of epoxy resin. The mechanical compression molding was influenced to produce the polymer-based nanocomposites under consideration of optimal process parameters. There are three different weight fractions E glass fiber (40%, 45%, and 50%), nanocarbon fiber (10%, 15%, and 20%), and epoxy concentrations (30%, 40%, and 50%), respectively, that were used to produce the polymer matrix composites. Those processing parameters were designed by the L9 Taguchi with DOE technique to conduct the mechanical tests like tensile strength and hardness properties. The signal-to-noise ratios were successfully accomplished to identify optimal process parameters for improving the individual responses. The ANOVA and interaction was additional supports to enhance the mechanical properties. The scanning electron microscope was used to examine the fracture surfaces at the tensile fracture specimens with optimal conditions. Moreover, the maximum mechanical characteristics were attained by the increasing of nanocarbon fiber in the processed polymer matrix composites.

These days, textile industries pose a more significant threat to surface water and groundwater sources directly or indirectly by discharging wastewater containing various dyes and organic pollutants to these water sources. The phase-junction-engineered heterogeneous photocatalysis carried out by visible-light-driven semiconductor photocatalysts is opening a new window for the degradation of environmental organic pollutants. In this work, we have reported a one-step bottom-up hydrothermal synthesis of biphasic tungsten oxide (o/h-WO3) and performed a photodegradation experiment under visible light irradiation for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants such as Methylene blue (MB) methyl violet (MV), respectively. The XRD, RAMAN, TEM, and UV-vis characterization techniques were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the as-synthesized o/h-WO3. Moreover, the low calculated band gap ( ̴ 2.8 eV) and the anionic nature of o/h-WO3 suggest it as an efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst suitable for heterogeneous photocatalysis. The photodegradation experiment performed under visible light using o/h-WO3 photocatalyst showed better degradation efficiency of 71% and 89% for MB and MV, respectively, in 100 min. The dyes followed first-order kinetics, and their kinetic rate constants were calculated using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Furthermore, the recyclability study of the photocatalyst was also performed and discussed the underlying mechanism for the photodegradation of the organic dyes.

The vehicle industry has advanced due to the introduction of new technology. Alternatives to internal combustion engines include electric automobiles. Demand for electric vehicles is rising globally due to their lower CO2 emissions. The Indian government also intends to boost the production of electric vehicles in the automotive sector. This essay discusses the commercial prospects and difficulties for electric automobiles in India. This study discusses the economic, social, technological, and environmental variables influencing the electric car industry in India. The development of the infrastructure and batteries is influenced by the aforementioned economic and technological considerations. Over the past ten years, the global market for electric vehicles has grown at an unparalleled rate. In this essay, we first go over the potential and reach of electric vehicles in India. We also talk about the many frameworks and policies that the Indian government has put in place. Then, we research different adoption case studies for electric vehicles from throughout the globe. Finally, we discuss how India could put these tactics into practise and profit from them both locally and nationally. The India Electric Vehicle Market has a market size of USD 5 billion in 2020 and is projected to grow at an astounding CAGR of over 44% to reach USD 47 billion by 2026. (2021 – 2026). The market for electric cars (EVs) is expanding quickly on a global scale. The EV market has now experienced tremendous growth in India as well. As the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises implemented the FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles) initiative in 2015, the market is expanding further. Sales of all electric vehicles reached 365,920 units in 2018 and are projected to increase by 36% CAGR through 2026. In India, the market for EV batteries is anticipated to reach US$ 520 million in 2018 and increase at a CAGR of 30% through 2026.Electric cars provide ways to be self-sufficient and independent of foreign energy sources. One of the biggest producers of crude oil in the world is India. India might undergo a significant transformation towards self-sustainability thanks to electric automobiles. Alternatives to reduce carbon dioxide gas include electric vehicles (EV). Air pollution is a serious issue in large cities like Delhi and Mumbai. One of the sources of air pollution is the carbon dioxide produced by cars. Electric cars operate smoothly, emit little pollutants, and are highly efficient. According to research on the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in China, they consume 37.5% less energy and emit 35% fewer greenhouse gases than gasoline vehicles . Government financial policies to promote EV adoption have already been established, but for them to be effectively implemented, decision-makers must have a long-term perspective. India's history of EV has been disappointing so far. Lack of loading infrastructure, inconsistent government support and early product failures have all led to the stagnant growth in recent years.

To address the global challenge of water pollution, membrane-based technologies are being used as a dignified separation technology. However, designing low-cost, reusable, freestanding and flexible membranes for wastewater treatment with tunable pore size, good mechanical strength, and high separation efficiency is still a major challenge. Herein, we report the development of a scalable, reusable, freestanding, flexible and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (FMWCNT) membrane filter with tunable pore size for wastewater treatment, which has attractive attributes such as high separation efficiency (99% for organic dyes and ∼80% for salts), permeance (∼225 L h

Control of MIMO systems offers a challenging problem due to the cross coupling effects present between the inputs and the outputs of MIMO systems. In order to achieve an efficient control decoupler...

Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of highly capacitive activated carbon (AC) using a bio-waste Kusha grass (Desmostachya bipinnata), by employing a chemical process followed by activation through KOH. The as-synthesized few-layered activated carbon has been confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The chemical environment of the as-prepared sample has been accessed through FTIR and UV–visible spectroscopy. The surface area and porosity of the as-synthesized material have been accessed through the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. All the electrochemical measurements have been performed through cyclic voltammetry and galvanometric charging/discharging (GCD) method, but primarily, we focus on GCD due to the accuracy of the technique. Moreover, the as-synthesized AC material shows a maximum specific capacitance as 218 F g−1 in the potential window ranging from − 0.35 to + 0.45 V. Also, the AC exhibits an excellent energy density of ~ 19.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of ~ 277.92 W kg−1, respectively, in the same operating potential window. It has also shown very good capacitance retention capability even after 5000th cycles. The fabricated supercapacitor shows a good energy density and power density, respectively, and good retention in capacitance at remarkably higher charging/discharging rates with excellent cycling stability. Henceforth, bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) shows good promise and can be applied in supercapacitor applications due to its outstanding electrochemical properties. Herein, we envision that our results illustrate a simple and innovative approach to synthesize a bio-waste Kusha grass-derived activated carbon (DP-AC) as an emerging supercapacitor electrode material and widen its practical application in electrochemical energy storage fields.

Now-a-days in certain remote locations, microgrids are installed, supplied by solar power. But the Photo-voltaic (PV) generation and load consumption vary seasonally. If certain minimum supply hours are fixed per day, throughout the year, it results in underutilization of the solar plants. So, this paper aims at developing an analysis for arriving at season wise optimum supply hours, for such microgrid installations, by taking a case study of a 20kW solar plant installed at Tala, a remote village in the Bihar state, India. Currently, this plant supplies only 7 hours of electricity to consumers and the plant load factor is quite low. Each consumer kit comprises of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and a fan along with an additional socket for mobile charging, limiting the total load to 117W. Factors like dark hours and ambient temperature are used to assess the load requirement of consumers in each season. For example, during hot and dry season, the fan supply requirement is for more hours, and during very cold season, the lighting is needed for longer time. As the solar power availability is also reduced during winter, a methodology is developed in this paper for energy balancing between PV generation and load consumption, which will be very useful to arrive at the optimum number of hours; the different types of loads can be operated in a day, during various seasons in a year. To attain continuous power supply, parallel design approach is applied to determine the required additional PV installations.

An improved internal model control)IMC (method is suggested in this paper for control of under-actuated MIMO system. The main idea of the proposed control technique is to ensure perfect reference tracking of the under-actuated MIMO system, which is difficult to attain, by the conventional method. The condition of the perfect reference tracking is derived in this paper for the under-actuated MIMO system. The designed controller is successfully realized on the cart inverted pendulum system, which is an example of unstable under-actuated MIMO system. The performance of the designed control method is verified through the simulation results.

At present era, digital technology plays an important role in computer education because of its important role in various segmentations, due to lack of support and application of digital technology, education may not success in to an eye catchable performance. In short, the primary goals of this research paper are to offer a fresh take on the application of digital technology in the context of transformational changes and to provide ground-breaking insight for the important researchers, scientists, teachers, and readers who are curious about the future of computer education. We the researchers have focused on a valuable and up-to-date literature review of the aforesaid research title. We have tried to our level best to justify the aforesaid research title in to a valuable and meaningful research work for the future researchers. In this paper, a thorough summary of the literature on how digital technology contributes to computer education is provided. However, this paper aims to identify many important emerging issues in education technology and major obstacles hinder broad successful implementation in the area of computer education, even though “technology in almost every element of education” are widely used. This study also found similar results, however here the paper is concentrated on the additional difficulties that were discovered due to the advent of the digital revolution to improve the empowered use of digital technology on education across all sectors, digital transmission must be applied to achieve this.

The fatal diseases and disorders caused by smoking have raised a serious concern for worldwide public health. So for its prevention, it has become very necessary to develop various types of filter ...

PID controller is designed in this work for the robust control of the DC Motor. A modern optimization technique is adopted to tune the PID controller. The PID controller is tuned by teaching learning based optimization technique (TLBO). The performance and convergence characteristics of the proposed method are analyzed through the simulation results. It is recognized from the simulation results the performance of the TLBO based optimized PID controller is satisfactory.

This paper presents the optimal control of the twin rotor MIMO system (TRMS) in real-time environment. TRMS is a test rig of the helicopter where the coupling effect between the two rotors play a vital role in the performance of the system and it is taken into consideration in it’s mathematical modelling. The reduced order state observer based optimal controller is designed to control the TRMS. The main reason for adopting the reduced order state observer is that all the states of the TRMS cannot be measured in real-time situation. The proposed design technique is implemented in simulation as well as in experimental set-up of TRMS. The results obtained are found to be satisfactory.