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Modeling of background radiation for the urban environment plays an important role in homeland security. However, background radiation is difficult to assess due to its spatial-temporal fluctuations caused by the variation in soil composition, building materials, and weather patterns etc. To address the challenge of background radiation modeling, we developed a mobile sensor network to continuously monitor the background radiation; we also proposed a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm to decouple and estimate the backgrounds spatial distribution and temporal fluctuation. Experimental results demonstrated how this background radiation monitoring system accurately recognized high background regions in the experimental area, and successfully captured temporal fluctuation trends of background radiation during rains. Our system provides an efficient solution to model the temporal fluctuation and spatial distribution of background radiation.

Objectives With an increasing focus on the digitalization of health and care settings, there is significant scope to learn from international approaches to promote concerted adoption of electronic health records. Materials and methods We review three large-scale initiatives from Australia, Canada, and England, and extract common lessons for future health and social care transformation strategy. Results We discuss how, despite differences in contexts, concerted adoption enables sharing of experience and learning to streamline the digital transformation of health and care. Discussion and conclusion Concerted adoption can be accelerated through building communities of expertise and partnerships promoting knowledge transfer and circulation of expertise; commonalities in geographical and cultural contexts; and commonalities in technological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As health care continues to change and evolve in a digital society, there is an escalating need for physicians who are skilled and enabled to deliver care using digital health technologies, while remaining able to successfully broker the triadic relationship among patients, computers and themselves. The focus needs to remain firmly on how technology can be leveraged and used to support good medical practice and quality health care, particularly around resolution of longstanding challenges in health care delivery, including equitable access in rural and remote areas, closing the gap on health outcomes and experiences for First Nations peoples and better support in aged care and those living with chronic disease and disability. We propose a set of requisite digital health competencies and recommend that the acquisition and evaluation of these competencies become embedded in physician training curricula and continuing professional development programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]