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Cyclophosphamide (CP), an antineoplastic and immunosuppresive agent, even when administered in large doses, slightly affects the quantity of blood platelets. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of single intraperitoneal administration of CP (150mg/kg b.w.) on the quantitative changes in platelets obtained from the left and right ventricle of the heart, as well as to evaluate the occurrence of megakaryocytes in lung tissue depending on the period of time that passed from CP administration. In control subgroups, fewer platelets were found in the blood collected from the RV compared with the left ventricle at all time intervals. After 1 and 3 days following i.p, administration of CP, a decrease was observed in the number of platelets both in the blood from the right ventricle and left ventricle when compared with control. However, after 14 days, the number of platelets in the blood from the left ventricle was higher, compared with the left ventricle and right ventricle of control animals, and significantly higher (p

Recent studies have brought rich evidence in favour of the significant contribution of the surfactant system-forming structures to morphogenesis of many pulmonary disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide administration on changes within this system. The experiments used 40 Wistar rats, of 170g body weight. The animals were divided into two experimental groups. Group I animals were given cyclophosphamide (Endoxan-ASTA) in a single intraperitoneal dose of 150mg/1kg b.w./1ml PBS/. Group II (control) received 1ml PBS. All the animals were sacrificed after 1, 3, 7 and 28 days following intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide or PBS administration. Morphological examinations of pulmonary tissue were based on ultrastructural analysis in the transmission electron microscope. The study revealed that a single intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide injection caused damage to all elements forming the surfactant system, particularly to type II alveolar epithelial cells. Rebuilding processes in pulmonary tissue, coexisting with destructive changes, occurred with a significant contribution of type II alveolar epithelial cells. These cells are likely to take an active part in pulmonary fibrosis processes observed after the action of cyclophosphamide.

The experiment used Morris hepatoma 5123 series growing in muscles of the Buffalo rats. A suspension of 3 x 1 0 ~n eoplastic cells was injected into the right hind leg of the animals. After fourteen days, TNF-a was administered into the tumour in a dose of 1 .5x104 U124 hours in 0.5 m1 PBS solution. The group 1 animals were injected for 4 days and group 11 for 8 days. Control groups consisted of rats with injected Morris hepatoma which were given PBS solution instead of TNF-a (group 111 A and B) and animals without the hepatoma, given 4 or 8 TNF-a, respectively (groups IV A and B). In the present study, we have explored the effect of intratumor TNF-a administration on the composition of cells isolated from the lungs through multiple bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL). Ultrastructural evaluation of the pulmonary tissue was done using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), with special attention paid to type 11 alveolar epithelial cells and free alveolar cells. Examinations in TEM in groups 1, 11 and IV (A and B) found, in the lumen of alveoli, an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages (AM) with morphological features of intensified activity and AM with numerous secondary lysosomes containing material of phospholipid structure. Also, numerous type 11 alveolar epithelial cells with emptied lamellar bodies were observed. The above mentioned changes were especially marked after eightfold TNF-a administration. In groups 1, 11 and IV (A and B), compared with group 111, a significant increase was found in the total number of cells isolated by BAL as well as in the number of cells with positive reaction in staining according to Beckstead's method. It may indicate that the changes in the parameters mentioned above are related to TNF-a action. The results obtained indicate the possibility of systemic effect of TNF-a after its administration into the experimental Morris hepatoma.

Quantitation and morphometric parameters of bone marrow MK in rats during acute haemorrhagic shock were analysed. The results were compared with group of normal rats and rats after surgical manipulation. In examining animals statistical significant differences were observed in localization, size, form factor, N/C ratio, forming cluster forms and phenomena of emperipolesis. These disturbances of MK were often observed in rats after surgical manipulation. The results indicate that the changes of MK have just observed after 60 min. from indication of haemorrhagic shock.